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Aiming at navigation safety and energy consumption, a novel energy-efficient path planning and path following control approach in a complex sea environment is proposed based on particle swarm optimization algorithm. Firstly, the mathematical model of the USV movement and the mathematical model of the marine environment are established. Secondly, the electronic chart information and environmental information are extracted and converted into the data required for path planning, and then the data for the path planning is modeled. Thirdly, in terms of static obstacles in the navigation area, combined with the sea environmental conditions, the particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to obtain an energy-efficient path through proper objective function and constraints. The route is re-planed and adjusted in real time with the weather conditions change. Fourthly, the generated energy-efficient path is followed by the PID control method with the optimal control parameter by using particle swarm optimization. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is proved to improve the safety and energy economy of the USV through a series of simulation experiment.

Intervening the process of interpreting, tone group segmentations, as the phonological embodiment of the interpreters’ information perception and processing, produce dis-fluent paralinguistic utterances like pauses, lengthening, and pitch resetting etc, which impact on the fluency of the information and expression. In order to study how these non-verbal behavior impose on the disfluencies and explore new criteria to assess interpreting quality technically, thus training students’ interpreting skills, the study applied Praat to study on the students’ disfluency phenomenon in C-E interpreting from lexical, phrasal and sentential levels and tones and tone groups segmentation in student’s C-E interpreting disfluent utterances in PACCEL 2012 with the interpreting of the 2010 SC Press conference as CK. The results showed that, compared with the professional interpreters, student interpreters’ utterance were endowed with the external and inner-word breaks, broken phrase segmentation, and excessive tone group segmentations in sentences.

This dissertation defines and develops transitional space of housing, which is adaptable to the Chinese environment. It is the integration of community, culture element and sustainable development. Although the lifestyle is changing today, the concept of courtyard which comes from the Chinese vernacular building remains in peoples’ minds. It’s not only a form but also an expression of national culture and a sense of space. There are some attempts for Chinese architects to renovate or reconstruct the “courtyard”, but most of them are low-rise buildings. Facing with the high density, high volume urban living environment, Chinese architects only set vii the first floor yard and roof garden in multi-story or high-rise buildings. To improve the community environment, various levels courtyard space, such as the courtyard among units, community courtyard, are set. These courtyards are regarded as public space which not only plays the role of landscaping but also make people feel comfortable. However, there are still some problems, such as sustainable development, privacy. While there are some good attempts for foreign architects to design courtyard in terms of sustainable technology, the housing they design lack the Chinese culture character. So the design of multi-function transitional space raises the interesting questions for future research and development.

Page-based software DSM systems suffer from false sharing caused by the large sharing granularity, and only support one-dimensionBlock orCyclicblock data distribution schemes. Thus applications running on them will suffer from poor data locality and will be able to exploit parallelism only when using a large number of processors. In this paper, a way towards supporting flexible data distribution (FDD) on software DSM system is presented. Small granularity-tunable blocks, the size of which can be set by compiler or programmer, are used to overlap the working data sets distributed among processors. The FDD was implemented on a software DSM system called JIAJIA. Compared withBlock/Cyclic-block distribution schemes used by most DSM systems now, experiments show that the proposed way of flexible data distribution is more effective. The performance of the applications used in the experiments is significantly improved.

Introduction The aim of this study was to explore the environment of Echinococcus granulosus (E. granulosus) protoscolices and their relationship with their host. Methods Proteins from the hydatid-cyst fluid (HCF) from E. granulosus were identified by proteomics. An inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer (ICP-AES) was used to determine the elements, an automatic biochemical analyzer was used to detect the types and levels of biochemical indices, and an automatic amino acid analyzer was used to detect the types and levels of amino acids in the E. granulosus HCF. Results I) Approximately 30 protein spots and 21 peptide mass fingerprints (PMF) were acquired in the two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) pattern of hydatid fluid; II) We detected 10 chemical elements in the cyst fluid, including sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, copper, and zinc; III) We measured 19 biochemical metabolites in the cyst fluid, and the amount of most of these metabolites was lower than that in normal human serum; IV) We detected 17 free amino acids and measured some of these, including alanine, glycine, and valine. Conclusions We identified and measured many chemical components of the cyst fluid, providing a theoretical basis for developing new drugs to prevent and treat hydatid disease by inhibiting or blocking nutrition, metabolism, and other functions of the pathogen.