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6. Effect of irrigation schedule on growth of saline-alkali tolerant rice

Author

LIU Yunpeng, YANG Zhenghu, MA Donghai, ZHANG Zhi, ZHANG Bangyan, BAI Xiaolong, ZHANG En, ZHANG Chaohui, WU Jinmin, ZHANG Zhenzhong, and WANG Bin

Subjects
irrigation quota, saline-alkali tolerant rice, direct seeding rice, fertility characteristics, comprehensive evaluation, Agriculture (General), S1-972, Irrigation engineering. Reclamation of wasteland. Drainage, TC801-978
Abstract

【Objective】 Soil salinity and alkalinity is the main soil stress facing crop production in Northwestern China. Developing crop varieties resistant to salinity and alkalinity is a way to developing sustainable agriculture in this region. This paper presents an experimental study on the impact of irrigation amount and schedule on growth of saline-alkali tolerant rice in Northern Yinchuan in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. 【Method】 The experiments used Ningjing 56 (NJ56) and Jijing 105 (JJ105) - two saline-alkali tolerant rice varieties commonly grown in this region - as model plants. There were four irrigation treatments (W1-W4). The irrigation amount for W1-W4 was: 3 000, 2 700, 2 400 m3/hm2 and 2 100 m3/hm2 before seedling emergence; 1 050, 1 650, 1 800 m3/hm2 and 1 500 m3/hm2 at the seedling stage; 1 800, 1 200, 1 050 m3/hm2 and 2 100 m3/hm2 at the tillering stage, 2 100, 1 500, 1 800 m3/hm2 and 1 350 m3/hm2 at the jointing stage; 1 350, 1 800, 1 050 m3/hm2 and 500 m3/hm2 at the heading stage; 900, 1350, 2 100 m3/hm2 and 1 650 m3/hm2 at grain filling stage, respectively. The effect of each irrigation treatment on growth, yield and quality of the rice were measured in the experiment, from which we calculated the optimal irrigation for each rice variety. 【Result】 ① For JJ105, the percentage of chalky grain and the degree of chalkiness were the highest in W1, reaching 68.67% and 19.30%, respectively; the seedling emergence was the highest in W2, reaching 84.47%. W3 gave the highest milling rate, protein content and gel consistency, reaching 81.76%, 9.40%, 9.13, respectively. ② For NJ56, W1 gave the highest tillering and panicle formation rate, grain yield, irrigation water use efficiency, and water and amylose content in the grains, reaching 75.67%, 10 388.78 kg/hm2, 101.85%, 10.50% and 20.07%, respectively; the 1000-grain weight was the highest in W3, reaching 24.83 g; W4 gave the highest spike length, and grain weight per spike, reaching 21.35 cm and 2.81 g, respectively; the alkali elimination value in W4 was 7 for the two varieties. 【Conclusion】 There were significant differences between the two varieties in their response to irrigation treatments. Overall, NJ56 grew better and the associated optimal irrigation for it is W4.

Published
2024
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19. Giant moire trapping of excitons in twisted hBN

Author

Li, Yanshuang, Xie, Xiuhua, Zeng, Huan, Li, Binghui, Zhang, Zhenzhong, Wang, Shuangpeng, Liu, Jishan, and Shen, Dezhen

Subjects
Physics - Applied Physics, Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

Excitons in van der Waals (vdW) stacking interfaces can be trapped in ordered moire potential arrays giving rise to attractive phenomenons of quantum optics and bosonic many-body effects. Compare to the prevalent transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) systems, due to the wide bandgap and low dielectric constant, excitons in twist-stacked hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) are anticipated trapped in deeper moire potential, which enhances the strength of interactions. However, constrained by the common low detectivity of weak light-emitting in the deep-ultraviolet (DUV) bands, the moire excitons in twisthBN remain elusive. Here, we report that a remarkable DUV emitting band (peak located at ~260 nm) only emerges at the twisted stacking area of hBN, which is performed by a high collection efficiency and spatially-resolved cathodoluminescence (CL) at room temperature. Significant peak redshifting contrast to defect-bound excitons of bulk hBN indicates the giant trapping effects of moir\'e potential for excitons. The observation of deeply trapped excitons motivates further studies of bosonic strongly correlation physics based on the twist-hBN system., Comment: 20 pages, 9 pictures

Published
2021
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20. Timing performance simulation for 3D 4H-SiC detector

Author

Tan, Yuhang, Yang, Tao, Liu, Kai, Wang, Congcong, Zhang, Xiyuan, Zhao, Mei, Xia, Xiaochuan, Liang, Hongwei, Xu, Ruiliang, Zhao, Yu, Kang, Xiaoshen, Fu, Chenxi, Song, Weimin, Zhang, Zhenzhong, Fan, Ruirui, Zou, Xinbo, and Shi, Xin

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

To meet high radiation challenge for detectors in future high-energy physics, a novel 3D 4H-SiC detector was investigated. SiC detectors could potentially operate in radiation harsh and room temperature environment because of its high thermal conductivity and high atomic displacement threshold energy. 3D structure, which decouples thickness and distance between electrodes, further improves timing performance and radiation hardness of the detector. We developed a simulation software - RASER (RAdiation SEmiconductoR) to simulate the time resolution of planar and 3D 4H-SiC detectors with different parameters and structures, and the reliability of the software is verified by comparing time resolution results of simulation with data. The rough time resolution of 3D 4H-SiC detector was estimated, and the simulation parameters could be used as guideline to 3D 4H-SiC detector design and optimization., Comment: 9 pages, 7 figures

Published
2021
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21. Directed exfoliating and ordered stacking of transition-metal-dichalcogenides

Author

Li, Yanshuang, Xie, Xiuhua, Li, Binghui, Sun, Xiaoli, Yang, Yichen, Liu, Jishan, Feng, Jiying, Zhou, Ying, Li, Yuanzheng, Liu, Weizhen, Wang, Shuangpeng, Wang, Wei, Zeng, Huan, Zhang, Zhenzhong, Shen, Dawei, and Shen, Dezhen

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Physics - Applied Physics
Abstract

Two-dimensional van der Waals crystals arise limitless scope for designing novel combinations of physical properties via controlling the stacking order or twist angle of individual layers. Lattice orientation between stacked monolayers is significant not only for the engineering symmetry breaking but also for the study of many-body quantum phases and band topology. So far the state-of-art exfoliation approaches focusing on achievements of quality, size, yield, and scalability while lacking sufficient information on lattice orientation. Consequently, interlayer alignment is usually determined by later experiments, such as second harmonic generation spectroscopy, which increased the number of trials and errors for a designed artificial ordering and hampered the efficiency of systematic study. Herein, we report a lattice orientation distinguishable exfoliation method via gold favor epitaxy along the specific atomic step edges, meanwhile, fulfill requirements of high-quality, large-size, and high-yield of monolayers. Hexagonal- and rhombohedral-stacking configurations of bilayer transition metal dichalcogenides are built directly at once result of foreseeing the lattice orientation. Optical spectroscopy, electron diffraction, and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy are used to study crystals quality, symmetric breaking, and band tuning, which supports the exfoliating mechanism we proposed. This strategy shows the ability for facilitates the development of ordering stacking especially for multilayers assembling in the future., Comment: 29 pages, 7 figures

Published
2021

34. Thermal shock behaviors and mechanisms of ytterbium silicate environmental barrier coatings modified by MoSi2

Author

LIANG Ruihui, ZHONG Xin, HONG Du, HUANG Liping, WU Yiming, ZHAO Fangxia, NIU Yaran, ZHANG Zhenzhong, and ZHENG Xuebin

Subjects
environmental barrier coatings, ytterbium silicate, mosi2, thermal shock, vacuum plasma spraying, Motor vehicles. Aeronautics. Astronautics, TL1-4050
Abstract

Rare-earth silicate environmental barrier coatings（EBCs）are important materials for the application in hot end components of new generation high thrust-to-weight ratio aero engines. However, the rare-earth silicate top layer is prone to form longitudinal cracks, which provides a channel for corrosive media to enter the interior of the EBC system, causing oxidation and cracking of the silicon bond layer, ultimately leads to the failure of EBCs under high temperature service environment. MoSi2 has excellent high-temperature properties and is expected to improve the high-temperature stability of rare-earth silicate EBC systems. In this work, three kinds of EBCs with Yb2SiO5, Yb2SiO5-5%MoSi2（Volume fraction，the same below）and Yb2SiO5-10%MoSi2 as the top layer, Yb2Si2O7 as the intermediate layer and Si as the binder layer were prepared by vacuum plasma spraying（VPS）technique respectively. The morphological changes of the coating before and after thermal shock at 1350 ℃ were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy. The doping of MoSi2 not only improves the damage tolerance of the Yb2SiO5 coating, but also consumes the oxidizing medium and reduces its diffusion into the interior of the coating system, which reduces the thickness of the TGO layer on the bonded layer by 83% and 88% and effectively improves the high-temperature stability of the coating system.

Published
2023
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42. An innovative teaching model of automotive manufacturing process based on ADDIE model

Author

Zhang Zhenzhong, Yue Shifeng, Wang Jie, and Yang Pengxin

Subjects
addie model, automotive manufacturing process, ant colony algorithm, teaching mode, 97u99, Mathematics, QA1-939
Abstract

The teaching mode of the innovative automotive manufacturing process is to improve students’ automotive manufacturing technology. In this paper, firstly, the basic principle of the ant colony algorithm is introduced, and the ant colony algorithm is improved and optimized by heuristic function, state transfer probability and pheromone update rule. Then the optimized ant colony algorithm is used as the base algorithm for constructing the ADDIE model. After establishing the ADDIE model, two dimensional indicators of the teaching mode of the automotive manufacturing process, i.e. teaching objectives of the basic course and application course, are mined for the example of the automotive manufacturing process course of L school. The two example indicators proposed are analyzed and illustrated using the example data.

Published
2024
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