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The hydraulic characteristics in the inlet area of the fishway are directly related to the effect of attracting fish at the inlet, and it is the key to ensuring the operation effect of the fishway. In order to improve the poor effect of attracting fish at the inlet of the fishway, this paper presented an optimization device for hydraulic characteristics in the inlet area of the fishway at a high flow rate and established a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model. The paper also studied the improvement effect of different optimization schemes on the flow conditions for attracting fish at the inlet of the fishway. The results show that adding a rectifier building downstream at the inlet of the fishway can effectively improve the flow characteristics in the inlet area at a high flow rate. According to the comparative study of the body shape, the recommended body shape of the rectifier building is as follows: a diversion pier angle of 20°, oblique guide wall angle of 36°, inlet width of 5 m, outlet width of 5 m, direct guide wall length of 10 m, and spur dike length of 10 m. Based on the recommended scheme, the inlet area of the fishway can form a continuous and effective fishway at a high flow rate. The research results can provide a reference for the design and regulation of the inlet area of the fishway.

This study examined the concurrent validity of a tummy time questionnaire and time-use diary against an accelerometer measure. Participants were 29 parents and their 6-month-old infants from the Early Movers project in Edmonton, Canada. Tummy time was concurrently measured using a parental questionnaire, a time-use diary, and a validated GENEActiv accelerometer. In participants with data on all measures (n = 26), relative (Spearman's rank correlations) and absolute (Wilcoxon signed-rank tests and Bland-Altman plots) concurrent validity were examined. The questionnaire (r[subscript s] = 0.60) and time-use diary (r[subscript s] = 0.80) tummy time measures were significantly correlated with the accelerometer measure, with large effect sizes (r > 0.50). Compared to the accelerometer measure of tummy time, a significant difference in mean rank was observed for the questionnaire measure but not for the time-use diary measure. Bland--Altman plots showed a significant mean difference in tummy time between the accelerometer and questionnaire measures (42 min/d; 95% limits of agreement: -73,157 min/d) but not between the accelerometer and time-use diary measures (2 min/d; 95% limits of agreement: -47,51 min/d). These preliminary findings indicate both subjective measures may be appropriate for infant studies examining associations with tummy time and/or comparing tummy time between samples. The time-use diary may also provide a relatively precise estimate of tummy time in prevalence studies.

The voltage quality decline caused by the high proportion of new energy connected to power grids is a key factor limiting the capacity of new energy consumption. Therefore， an optimal reactive voltage control method based on the maximum capacity of new energy consumption is proposed. The new energy generation forecast data is used to assess the maximum generation capacity， establish the reactive voltage optimization model and solve the voltage control target at each node for forwarding decision control. According to the topological properties and operational characteristics of the regional power grids， dynamic zoning， strategy prediction， alarm blocking， and other concerning functions are designed to improve the safety and stability of the control method. The simulation analysis results of an example show that the method features ideal reactive voltage support and can promote new energy consumption in the regional power grids.

Background: Child care centers are important for children's behaviors. Aims: To examine the cross-sectional associations between child care environmental characteristics and physical activity and sedentary time in children. Methods: Participants were 124 toddlers and 118 preschoolers from 19 centers in Alberta and Ontario, Canada, in the supporting Healthy physical AcTive CHildcare setting (HATCH) study. In-care physical activity and sedentary time were assessed using Actigraph accelerometers. Child care environments, including structure (e.g., resources) and process (e.g., activities) quality, were measured using three instruments: (1) the Environment and Policy Assessment and Observation and (2) the Children's Physical Environments Rating Scale, and (iii) the Movement Environment Rating Scale. Mixed models were performed to examine the associations between environmental characteristics and children's sedentary time, light physical activity, and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. Results: A few structure quality characteristics related to child care policy and indoor environment were associated with higher physical activity and lower sedentary time in toddlers. The overall structure quality (B = 0.04; 95% CI [0.003, 0.08]) and process quality (B = 0.08; 95% CI [0.02, 0.15]) of the child care environment were associated with log moderate-to-vigorous physical activity in preschoolers. Specifically, structure quality characteristics of the outdoor environment and physical activity time, and process quality characteristics relevant to curriculum and pedagogy, were associated with higher physical activity and lower sedentary time in preschoolers. Discussion and Conclusion: The child care structure quality characteristics that are important for children' physical activity and sedentary behavior may vary by age group. Improving the overall process quality, in particular curriculum and pedagogy, of the child care environment, may promote more physical activity in preschoolers.

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD), a disease associated with ageing, is characterised by a notable increase in senescent nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) as IVDD progresses. However, the specific mechanisms that regulate the senescence of NPCs remain unknown. In this study, we observed impaired autophagy in IVDD-NPCs, which contributed to the upregulation of NPCs senescence and the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). The dysregulated SASP disrupted NPCs viability and initiated extracellular matrix degradation. Conversely, the restoration of autophagy reversed the senescence phenotype by inhibiting GATA binding protein 4 (GATA4). Moreover, we made the novel observation that a cross-talk between histone H3 lysine 4 trimethylation (H3K4me3) modification and N6-methyladenosine(m6A)-methylated modification regulates autophagy in IVDD-NPCs. Mechanistically, lysine methyltransferase 2A (KMT2A) promoted the expression of methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3) through H3K4me3 modification, whereas METTL3-mediated m6A modification reduced the expression of autophagy-associated 4a (ATG4a) by attenuating its RNA stability, leading to autophagy damage in NPCs. Silencing KMT2A and METTL3 enhanced autophagic flux and suppressed SASP expression in IVDD-NPCs. Therefore, targeting the H3K4me3-regulated METTL3/ATG4a/GATA4 axis may represent a promising new therapeutic strategy for IVDD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the rapid development of Internet technology, the channels for the public to participate in forest protection and ecological construction have been expanded. In China, virtual forest realization projects have successfully heightened environmental awareness among the public. However, these projects have also faced a "green gap", characterized by a substantial disconnect between environmental intentions and actual participation behaviors. Based on 69 articles about virtual forest realization projects in China, this paper aims to reveal the roots of the intention–behavior gap, influencing factors, and potential mitigation strategies. Our findings indicate the following: (1) While virtual forest realization initiatives have made progress, they still face multiple challenges such as governmental inefficiencies and platform traffic bottlenecks. (2) The factors influencing public participation in virtual forest realization projects can generally be categorized into three types: external situational factors, internal psychological factors, and demographic variables. Initially, external influences like online word-of-mouth and gamified platforms played a crucial role in attracting the public. Over time, internal factors such as public trust in the platform and perceived enjoyment have become more prominent. Inconsistent findings regarding demographic variables suggest a need for further research. (3) Current solutions primarily focus on macro policies and have not fully addressed existing challenges. This study reveals the reasons and influencing factors of the intention–behavior gap, with the goal of offering valuable insights for future public engagement and project optimization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The construction and operation of Tianjiaotan Reservoir have changed the hydrological characteristics of Beimen River channel under the dam and affect the area of dilution zone,salinity,saltwater intrusion distance,and sediments in Beimen River estuary,which will further affect the growth and reproduction of the mangrove forest in Xinying Bay.This article investigates the current ecological status of the mangrove forest in Xinying Bay of Beimen River and establishes a mathematic model for planar two-dimensional salinity diffusion in Beimen River estuary by adopting three key factors affecting the growth and reproduction of the mangrove forest,such as the area of dilution zone,salinity,and saltwater intrusion distance.In addition,the article analyzes the influence of Tianjiaotan hydraulic project on the ecology of the mangrove forest.The results show that the salinity change of the estuary has little effect on the adult plants in the mangrove forest (with growth stress mainly observed) but limits the growth and development of seedlings.The increase in saltwater intrusion distance in the flood season can stimulate the upward development of the mangrove forest along the river;the decrease in the area of dilution zone in Xinying Bay may change the structure of the mangrove community in the estuary in a way that benefits the growth of salt-tolerant mangrove plants such as Avicennia marina and Rhizophora stylosa and affects the growth and development of salt-intolerant mangroves plants.The research results can provide a theoretical basis for the ecological conservation of the mangrove forest in Xinying Bay.