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478 results on '"Zhang, Zihe"'

10. Learning to Prompt for Open-Vocabulary Object Detection with Vision-Language Model

Author

Du, Yu, Wei, Fangyun, Zhang, Zihe, Shi, Miaojing, Gao, Yue, and Li, Guoqi

Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Abstract

Recently, vision-language pre-training shows great potential in open-vocabulary object detection, where detectors trained on base classes are devised for detecting new classes. The class text embedding is firstly generated by feeding prompts to the text encoder of a pre-trained vision-language model. It is then used as the region classifier to supervise the training of a detector. The key element that leads to the success of this model is the proper prompt, which requires careful words tuning and ingenious design. To avoid laborious prompt engineering, there are some prompt representation learning methods being proposed for the image classification task, which however can only be sub-optimal solutions when applied to the detection task. In this paper, we introduce a novel method, detection prompt (DetPro), to learn continuous prompt representations for open-vocabulary object detection based on the pre-trained vision-language model. Different from the previous classification-oriented methods, DetPro has two highlights: 1) a background interpretation scheme to include the proposals in image background into the prompt training; 2) a context grading scheme to separate proposals in image foreground for tailored prompt training. We assemble DetPro with ViLD, a recent state-of-the-art open-world object detector, and conduct experiments on the LVIS as well as transfer learning on the Pascal VOC, COCO, Objects365 datasets. Experimental results show that our DetPro outperforms the baseline ViLD in all settings, e.g., +3.4 APbox and +3.0 APmask improvements on the novel classes of LVIS. Code and models are available at https://github.com/dyabel/detpro., Comment: Accepted by CVPR 2022

Published
2022

19. Dissecting the precise nature of itch-evoked scratching

Author

Wimalasena, Nivanthika K, Milner, George, Silva, Ricardo, Vuong, Cliff, Zhang, Zihe, Bautista, Diana M, and Woolf, Clifford J

Subjects
Neurosciences, Animals, Disease Models, Animal, Dogs, Humans, Mice, Pruritus, Rats, high-speed recording, itch, pruritis, rodent models, scratching behavior, Psychology, Cognitive Sciences, Neurology & Neurosurgery
Abstract

Itch is a discrete and irritating sensation tightly coupled to a drive to scratch. Acute scratching developed evolutionarily as an adaptive defense against skin irritants, pathogens, or parasites. In contrast, the itch-scratch cycle in chronic itch is harmful, inducing escalating itch and skin damage. Clinically and preclinically, scratching incidence is currently evaluated as a unidimensional motor parameter and believed to reflect itch severity. We propose that scratching, when appreciated as a complex, multidimensional motor behavior, will yield greater insight into the nature of itch and the organization of neural circuits driving repetitive motor patterns. We outline the limitations of standard measurements of scratching in rodent models and present new approaches to observe and quantify itch-evoked scratching. We argue that accurate quantitative measurements of scratching are critical for dissecting the molecular, cellular, and circuit mechanisms underlying itch and for preclinical development of therapeutic interventions for acute and chronic itch disorders.

Published
2021

33. Downlink Interference Management in Dense Interference-Aware Drone Small Cells Networks Using Mean-Field Game Theory

Author

Zhang, Zihe, Li, Lixin, Liang, Wei, Li, Xu, Gao, Ang, Chen, Wei, and Han, Zhu

Subjects
Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Signal Processing
Abstract

The use of drone small cells (DSCs) has recently drawn significant attentions as one key enabler for providing air-to-ground communication services in various situations. This paper investigates the co-channel deployment of dense DSCs, which are mounted on captive unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). As the altitude of a DSC has a huge impact on the performance of downlink, the downlink interference control problem is mapped to an altitude control problem in this paper. All DSCs adjust their altitude to improve the available signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR). The control problem is modeled as a mean-field game (MFG), where the cost function is designed to combine the available SINR with the cost of altitude controling. The interference introduced from a big amount of DSCs is derived through a mean-field approximation approach. Within the proposed MFG framework, the related Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman and Fokker-Planck-Kolmogorov equations are deduced to describe and explain the control policy. The optimal altitude control policy is obtained by solving the partial differential equations with a proposed finite difference algorithm based on the upwind scheme. The simulations illustrate the optimal power controls and corresponding mean field distribution of DSCs. The numerical results also validate that the proposed control policy achieves better SINR performance of DSCs compared to the uniform control scheme.

Published
2018

41. Shared low-speed autonomous vehicles for short-distance trips: agent-based modeling with mode choice analysis.

Author

Zhang, Zihe, Liu, Jun, Nie, Qifan, and Jones, Steven

Subjects
*AUTONOMOUS vehicles, *SHARING
Abstract

Previous research has envisioned behavior changes with the availability of shared autonomous vehicle (SAV) services. It is expected that SAVs will compete with conventional human-driven vehicles and lead to a shift in mode share. If designed as single-occupancy, low-speed, and lightweight, SAVs can also be considered a micro-mobility mode targeting short-distance trips in geofencing areas, which has been lacking in discussion in the state-of-the-art literature. To address this gap, this study envisions changes in mode choice with the implementation of a single-occupancy Shared Low-speed Light-weight Autonomous Mobility (SLLAM) system deployed, serving trips at speeds below 25 mph. Agent-based simulations are conducted to evaluate the mode share of the SLLAM system. The findings demonstrate that the SLLAM system has the potential to serve 36.98% of the trip demand in the study area. Increased operating speeds enhance the SLLAM mode share, making it a more attractive option for existing private vehicle trips. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2025
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42. Expression profile and characterization of respiratory burst oxidase homolog genes in rice under MeJA, SA and Xoo treatments.

Author

Khaskhali, Shahneela, Xiao, Xiaorong, Zhang, Zihe, Solangi, Farheen, Hussain, Sajjad, and Chen, Yinhua

Subjects
AMINO acid sequence, PLANT-pathogen relationships, GENE families, XANTHOMONAS oryzae, LIFE sciences
Abstract

Respiratory burst oxidase homologs (Rboh) genes is essential for synthesizing reactive oxygen species, which play a crucial role in environmental stress response. The Rboh gene family has been studied in model plants such as Arabidopsis. Nevertheless, Rboh remained largely unexplored in Rice (Oryza sativa L.). Here, we performed characterization of the Rboh genes family in rice (OsRboh) under Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), salicylic acid (SA), and methyl jasmonate (MeJA) treatments. Nine OsRboh genes were retrieved distributed across six chromosomes (1, 5, 8, 9, 11, 12).These genes vary in amino acid sequence length (728–1034), isoelectric point (9.05–9.84), and molecular weight (8.341–115.014 kDa). Analysis of gene structure, motifs and conserved domains showed that OsRboh genes have similar protein sequences and functions. The promoter region of OsRboh genes was found to contain mainly cis-acting elements associated with light, jasmonic acid (JA), abscisic acid (ABA), and SA responsiveness. Predictions of functional protein–protein interaction showed that OsRboh genes were associated with MAPK signaling, plant-pathogen interaction, and other mRNA surveillance pathways. Prediction of miRNA targets and post-translational modification sites indicated that OsRboh genes may be regulated by miRNA and protein phosphorylation. Phylogenetic analysis showed that OsRboh genes were distributed into 7 clusters. Furthermore, 9 OsRboh genes were differentially expressed in different tissues (roots, stems, and leaves). OsRbohA, OsRbohB, and OsRbohD are significant genes in rice defense responses, showing unique and increased expression profiles under (Xoo-PXO99), (MeJA), and (SA) treatments. These genes important function in triggering defense mechanisms is further stressed by the high (> 20-fold) changes in expression they exhibit under these treatments. These findings enhance our understanding of rice OsRboh genes functions and contribute to stress tolerance improvement strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2025
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