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Abstract Low temperature is one of the environmental factors that restrict the growth and geographical distribution of Brassica. To investigate the effects of exogenous calcium and calcium inhibitor on the ability of winter turnip rapeseed (Brassica rapa L.) to withstand low temperatures (4℃), we used a strong cold-resistant variety Longyou 7 (L7) and a weak cold-resistant variety Longyou 99 (L99) as the materials. The seedlings were treated with CaCl2 (20 mmol·L-1) and calcium inhibitor LaCl3 (10 mmol·L-1) at 0 h (CK), 6 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h after 4℃ treatments. Physiological characteristics, Ca2+ flux and Ca2+ concentration in roots after treatments were analyzed. Results illustrated that under 4℃ treatment, activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) increased by both CK and exogenous CaCl2 treatments. Contents of soluble protein (SP) and proline (Pro) increased, while contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) decreased, resulting in reduced membrane lipid peroxidation. But enzyme activity decreased and MDA content increased following treatment with exogenous LaCl3. The rate of Ca2+ flow showed a higher uptake in L7 roots compared with L99. L99 showed Ca2+ efflux with a rate of 30.21 pmol‧cm-2‧s-1, whereas L7 showed short efflux then returned to influx. Calcium ion content in roots decreased in both cultivars after CaCl2 treatment. Results of RNA-seq revealed that genes were differentially expressed in response to low temperatures, hormones, photosystem II, chloroplasts, DNA replication, ribosomal RNA processing, and translation. This study found significant expression genes related to cellular signal transduction (MAPK signaling pathway) and material metabolism (nitrogen metabolism, glycerol ester metabolism).It was also analyzed by WGCNA that two modules had the strongest correlation with physiological indicators. Eight candidate genes were identified among MAPK signaling pathway and the two modules.

Sulfadiazine (SDZ) is a commonly used antibiotic in medicine, aquaculture, and animal husbandry. However, its misuse has resulted in its release into soil and water environments, posing a gradual threat to the environment and human health. In this study, cotton pulp, poplar sawdust, and corn stover were chosen as raw materials. Zinc chloride (ZnCl2) was used as a modifier to prepare modified porous carbon through pyrolysis at different carbonization temperatures (400 and 800°C). The objective was to investigate the adsorption effect and mechanism of modified porous carbon on SDZ in aqueous environments, as well as the effect of different biomass fractions of the carbon source on the adsorption effect. The physical and chemical properties of the modified porous carbon were characterized by various means of characterization, and the results showed that the high temperature and modification effects made the adsorbent material possess a larger specific surface area and richer pore structure, higher aromaticity, higher degree of graphitization, etc., which would be beneficial for the adsorption of SDZ. Among them, CCPZ800 showed the highest saturation adsorption of SDZ, Q max = 425.45 mg/g. The adsorption experiments were carried out by changing the initial conditions and fitted with kinetic and isothermal adsorption to further explain the adsorption mechanism of modified porous carbon on SDZ in conjunction with the adsorption of SDZ by hydrothermal carbon materials. The results showed that the adsorption of modified porous carbon on SDZ conformed to the quasi-secondary kinetic and Freundlich isothermal adsorption models. Adsorption mechanism of SDZ on modified porous carbon followed a multimolecular layer adsorption, with chemical adsorption being the dominant process. Both physical adsorption and chemical adsorption occurred simultaneously, with the main adsorption mechanism being π–π conjugation. In addition, compositional distribution of biomass from different carbon sources results in variations in pyrolysis mode and pyrolysis products, which in turn affect adsorption. By analyzing the effect of variability in the composition of biomass on the adsorption effect of SDZ, it can be concluded that higher cellulose content in the carbon source leads to a better adsorption effect of SDZ. The study showcases the effectiveness of ZnCl2-modified porous carbon in removing SDZ from water, offering insights into the selection of raw materials for this adsorbent preparation.

Size uniformity is a key challenge in the preparation of hydrothermal carbon spheres and a prerequisite for size effect research and many applications of carbon spheres. To solve the scientific problem of low uniformity due to the slow carbonization in traditional preparation of glucose carbon spheres, we propose to add acid/base catalysts to accelerate nucleation, shorten the nucleation time, and improve the size uniformity of carbon spheres. The carbon spheres prepared under base conditions versus acid conditions have higher uniformity and smaller particle size (particle size = 503 nm). This result is due to the faster accumulation of aromatic clusters, shorter nucleation time, and larger number of carbon spheres in alkaline systems. The NaOH-HCSs-based solid acid catalyst as-prepared exhibits excellent catalytic activity, and the esterification rates of levulinic acid and n-butanol maximize to 96.36%.

Abstract [Objective] The purpose of this research is to investigate the species diversity of Kunyu Mountain in Shandong Province and further identify its species composition and distribution. [Methods] Morphological, anatomical, chemical characters, and molecular phylogenetic analysis based on ITS sequences were used in this research. [Results] Three lichens species new to China, Lepraria harrisiana Lendemer, Leprocaulon nicholsiae Lendemer & E. Tripp, and Brownliella kobeana (Nyl.) S.Y. Kondr., Kärnefelt, A. Thell, Elix, Jung Kim, A.S. Kondr. & Hur, were discovered during a taxonomical study of lichens from Mount Kunyu in Shandong Province. Descriptions and morphological photographs of these three species were provided. Specimens were deposited in lichen section of botanical herbarium at Shandong Normal University. [Conclusion] This research shows high species diversity of lichens in Kunyu Mountain in Shandong Province.

Background There is a wide variety of scales that can be used to assess fear of cancer recurrence both domestically and internationally. Currently, the fear of cancer recurrence can be assessed by multiple domestic and foreign scales, most of which are self-report scales. However, it remains difficult to select assessment tools due to the lack of the systematic reviews of the measurement characteristics of such scales.Objective To systematically review the measurement characteristics and methodological quality of fear of cancer recurrence assessment tools in cancer patients, so as to provide reference for healthcare staff to select more appropriate assessment tools.Methods The search was performed in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, CNKI, VIP, Wanfang Data, and China Biomedical Literature Database from the inception to September 10, 2022 for the measurement characteristic of fear of cancer recurrence assessment tools. Data were extracted independently by two researchers and the included assessment tools was evaluated by the Consensus-based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) system, to derive the final recommendations.Results A total of 24 studies were included, involving 6 fear of cancer recurrence assessment tools, including the Fear of Cancer Recurrence Inventory (FCRI) , Fear of Progression Questionnaire (FOPQ) , 7-item Fear of Cancer Recurrence Scale (FCR-7) , 1-item Fear of Cancer Recurrence (FCR-1) , Cancer Worry Scale (CWS) , and Assessment of Survivor Concerns (ASC) . In terms of the quality of measurement characteristics, the content validity of the scales were "uncertain" except for FCR-1 ("inadequate") , FCR-7 ("inadequate") and CWS ("not reported") , the construct validity of the scales were "uncertain" except for FCR-1 ("not reported") , the internal consistency of the scales were "adequate" except for FCR-1 ("uncertain") and ASC ("inadequate") , the stability of the scales were "uncertain" except for FCR-1 ("uncertain") and ASC ("not reported") . the criterion validity were "inadequate" except for ASC ("not reported") , the cross-cultural validity of the scales were "not reported" except for FCRI ("uncertain") and ASC ("uncertain") . In the end, FCRI, FOPQ, FCR-7, FCR-1, and CWS were considered as level B recommendation, and ASC was considered as level C recommendation.Conclusion Each measurement characteristic of FCRI has been evaluated more comprehensively with good reliability and validity, which can be temporarily recommended. However, other measurement characteristics still need to be verified.

In order to improve the cutting efficiency of abrasive water jet, the cutting effect of limestone with different process parameters was studied through the developed ultra-high pressure abrasive water jet cutting system. The results show that with the increase of water jet pressure, the cutting depth first increases linearly, and then the growth rate slows down gradually; the optimum abrasive flow parameter is 0.6 kg/min; the optimum initial jet target distance is 5 mm; the cutting depth of abrasive jet decreases with the transverse velocity of nozzle; with the increase of jet cutting angle, the cutting depth presents an M-shaped change trend, and the cutting depth reaches the maximum at 80°. Based on the range analysis of orthogonal experiment, it is clear that the influence weight of process parameters on cutting depth from large to small is water jet pressure, nozzle traverse speed, abrasive flow, nozzle cutting angle and jet target distance. It is concluded that the best combination of cutting parameters is water jet pressure 400 MPa, abrasive flow 0.8 kg/min, nozzle traverse speed 1 mm/s, jet target distance 6 mm and jet cutting angle 80°.

This paper first systematically reviews the research on shield and TBM construction ventilation technology in the tunnel (hole) and coal mine roadway engineering; then, it briefly introduces the general situation of the main and auxiliary inclined shaft project of Kekegai Coal Mine and makes a theoretical analysis on the ventilation design principle and ventilation mode selection of the project according to the general situation of the project. Based on the above analysis, a variety of designs and comparisons of construction ventilation schemes are carried out, and it is decided that the two-stage single head forced ventilation scheme with replacement fan is adopted for both inclined shafts; then the selected ventilation scheme is checked theoretically; finally, the ventilation effect is tested. The field practice shows that the ventilation effect is good.

Alkali-free aluminoborosilicate glasses were prepared by the conventional melting method. The effect of the replacement of CaO by La₂O₃ on the structure, thermal, and dielectric properties of the glasses was investigated by FTIR, DSC, with thermal expansion instruments, and an impedance analyser. With increasing ratios of La₂O₃ to CaO, the densities of the glasses increased linearly from 2.458 to 2.627 g cm-3. Meanwhile, the polymerisation degree of the glass network increased first and then decreased. The glass transition temperature, crystallisation onset temperature and expansion softening temperature showed a gradually increasing trend, while the thermal stability firstly deteriorated, then gradually improved. Additionally, the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE), dielectric constant and dielectric loss initially decreased, followed by an increase. The sample with the La₂O₃ ratio of 1.00 showed excellent properties: had a low CTE (2.71 × 10-6 °C-1), had a dielectric constant (5.23), and a dielectric loss (1.12 × 10-3), which means it is a promising material for integrated circuit packaging applications.

C30H72N10O7S2, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 8.75510(10) Å, b = 15.1170(2) Å, c = 16.8843(2) Å, α = 76.272(1)° $76.272(1){}^{\circ}$ , β = 78.397(1)° $78.397(1){}^{\circ}$ , γ = 88.277(1)° $88.277(1){}^{\circ}$ , V = 2126.09(5) Å3, Z = 2, R gt(F) = 0.0407, wR ref(F 2) = 0.1282, T = 296(2) K.

The potential of acidic fruit processing waste (FPW) and waste-activated sludge (WAS) co-digestion for methane production was investigated using batch and continuous experiments. First, batch experiments showed the co-digestion of FPW and WAS solved acid accumulation and increased cumulative biogas production. When the volatile solid (VS) ratio of FPW to WAS was 2:1, the cumulative biogas production was the highest (4,695.47 mL), which increased by 5.2% and 10.5% compared with the VS ratios of 3:1 and 1:1, respectively. Methane production was the rate-limiting step when the FPW percentage was high, and hydrolysis was the rate-limiting step when the WAS percentage was high. Second, the continuous experiments showed fermentation was the most stable when the VS ratio was 2:1, without acid accumulation or excessive total alkalinity consumption. Additionally, the ammonia nitrogen content in the system was above 138.34 mg·L−1, which solved the slow WAS hydrolysis rate and low nitrogen supply efficiency. Microbial community structure of the reactor was correlated with substrate composition greatly. On the 180th day, the relative abundance levels of Bacteroides, Paludibacter, Litorilinea, Levilinea, and Smithella were higher than those on the 120th day and the 240th day. The enrichment of those bacterial groups was beneficial to improve the substrate hydrolysis rate and reduce the influence of organic acids on the anaerobic system.

In view of problems of low recognition rate and complex algorithm of traditional miner's facial expression recognition methods, based on convolutional neural network and combining with nonlinear mapping function in support vector machine algorithm, a miners' facial expression recognition method based on convolutional neural network was proposed. The convolutional neural network adopts sharing weights strategy, constructs convolutional layer directly with fixed weights, and determine network hierarchy according to matching growth rules. Preprocessed miner's facial expression images are used as test set and training sets of the convolutional neural network. Supportive vector machine is used to classify neurons that represent miner's facial expression features, so as to realize classification and recognition of miner's facial expressions. The experimental results show that the recognition rate of miner's facial expression of the proposed method reaches 90.71%, which can meet the practical application needs.

This study pertains to the new approach for the development of hybrid peptide LL-37Tα1 and its biomedical applications. A linear cationic hybrid peptide, LL-37Tα1 was derived from two parental peptides (LL-37 and Tα1) recognized as potent anti-endotoxin without any hemolytic or cytotoxic activity. We successfully cloned the gene of hybrid peptide LL-37Tα1 in PpICZαA vector and expressed in the Pichia pastoris. The recombinant peptide was purified by Ni-affinity column and reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) with an estimated molecular mass of 3.9 kDa as determined by SDS-PAGE and mass spectrometry. We analyzed the LPS neutralization by limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) activity and the results indicate that the hybrid peptide LL-37Tα1 directly binds endotoxin and significantly (p < 0.05) neutralizes the effect of LPS in a dose-dependent manner. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay revealed that LL-37Tα1 successfully reduces the LPS-induced cytotoxicity in mouse RAW264.7 macrophages. Moreover, it significantly (p < 0.05) decreased the levels of nitric oxide, proinflammatory cytokines including TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and diminished the number of apoptotic cells in LPS-stimulated mouse RAW264.7 macrophages. Our results suggest that the P. pastoris expression system is cost-effective for commercial production of the immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory hybrid peptide (IAHP) LL-37Tα1 and the peptide may serve as effective anti-endotoxin/anti-inflammatory agent with minimal cytotoxicity.

Compatibility of polycarbonate (PC) and poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA) alloys was improved by using a transesterification catalyst (Sn[Cl.sub.2]- 2[H.sub.2]O). Modified PC/PMMA alloys exhibit single [T.sub.g], and their initial island phase existing in the SEM were transformed into uniform surface. Besides, the transmittance of the modified alloys was increased from original 40% to 85%. Moreover, PC/PMMA alloys and PC foams with micro-cellular and nano-cellular structures were prepared by solid-state C[O.sub.2] foaming in the presence of transesterification catalyst. Distinctively, there are obvious nano-cellular structures existing in the PC samples, but no related nanostructures were found in PMMA samples, after treated by same amount of catalyst and foaming process for pure PC and PMMA matrix. Furthermore, the effects of foaming temperature and segment structure on their foaming behavior were also studied. Additionally, a uniaxial stress experiment was conducted at a specific temperature to simulate the biaxial stress during the foaming process for discovering the mechanism of nanopore formation. Therefore, the concept of nano-ccllular structures will point out a direction for the development of high-performance, heat insulation PC materials of the next generation. Highlights * Transesterification catalysts enhanced compatibility' between PC and PMMA. * Nanopore structures were successfully constructed in PC foams. * Segment stretching was the main reason for the formation of nanopores. KEYWORDS compatibilization, foams, nanopores, polycarbonate, polymethyl methacrylate, 1 | INTRODUCTION Polymer blending is a crucial technique in producing high-performance composites. (1,2) Single-component polymer often struggle to meet the diverse requirements of real-world usage scenarios due to their [...]

Objective The study aim was to evaluate the knowledge and attitudes of hospital health personnel toward translational medicine. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional survey from July 2013 to September 2013 with a representative sample of 1690 health personnel from 13 large comprehensive or specialized hospitals in Shanghai, China. Results The results showed that awareness of and attitudes toward translational medicine significantly differed by gender, age, highest level of education, profession, and professional rank. Health personnel showed a highly positive attitude toward translational medicine; however, their knowledge of translational medicine was low. Conclusion Effective measures are needed to improve health personnel’s awareness of and attitudes toward translational medicine.

o determine the reasonable spacing of holes for gas drainage, an experimental study was conducted on the effective influence radius of drilling hole through the pressure drop method based on the actual condition of coal seams. The coal seam that contains gas is regarded as elastic-plastic dual media. The governing equation of gas transport is established by analyzing the different flow forms of gas in the pore and fissure systems as well as by considering the mass exchange capacity in the pore-fissure system. The equation is embedded into COMSOL Multiphysics (COMSOL) software to simulate the gas drainage effect further by drilling along a coal seam under a 3-D space. Upon confirming the effective radius and drainage influence radius of a single pore, the holes for gas drainage can be reasonably spaced along the coal seam by analyzing the change features of coal permeability around the borehole and the functional mechanism of the superimposed effect of drainage, namely, 2r≤L≤R. The study results can reliably guide practical gas drainage theoretically and can also effectively lower the cost of gas drainage as well as ensure the safe production in mines.

Neisseria gonorrhoeae infections represent an urgent public health threat, compounded by the alarming surge in strains resistant to ceftriaxone, the last line of defense for gonorrhea treatment (1). Before 2015, [...]