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BACKGROUND: The use of cold therapy to promote rehabilitation after total knee arthroplasty has a certain theoretical basis, but whether cold therapy can reduce bleeding, reduce pain, and promote early recovery of activity is still controversial. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of cold therapy in total knee arthroplasty in reducing postoperative bleeding, reducing pain, and promoting recovery of motion range using meta-analysis. METHODS: Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane, China Biomedical Literature Database, CNKI, Wanfang and other databases were searched to find randomized controlled trials of cold therapy and other rehabilitation therapies after total knee arthroplasty. Data ware extracted. Statistical analysis was performed using Revman 5.3. Effect values were combined. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) A total of 10 randomized controlled trials were included, including 1 070 patients. The experimental group received cold therapy after total knee arthroplasty, and the control group received other rehabilitation therapies. (2) Meta-analysis showed that compared with other rehabilitation therapies, cold therapy after replacement alleviated postoperative pain [MD=-0. 75, 95%C/ (-1.29, -0.21 ), P=0.006], reduced hemoglobin drop [MlP-12.11, 95%C/ (-17.66, -6.56), P < 0.000 1]. However, cold therapy could not reduce the amount of opioids usage [MD=0.01, 95%C/ (-0.15, -0.16), P=0.92], or improve joint motion range [MD=6.58, 95%C/ (-0.54, 13. 70), P=0.07]. (3) The results show that the application of cold therapy after total knee arthroplasty can effectively relieve pain and reduce the drop of postoperative hemoglobin, but has no significant effect on reducing the application of opioid analgesics or improving motion range. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The role of nociceptive nerves in modulating immune responses to harmful stimuli via pain or itch induction remains controversial. Compared to conventional surgery, various implant surgeries are more prone to infections even with low bacterial loads. In this study, an optogenetic technique is introduced for selectively activating peripheral nociceptive nerves using a fully implantable, wirelessly rechargeable optogenetic device. By targeting nociceptors in the limbs of awake, freely moving mice, it is found that activation induces anticipatory immunity in the innervated territory and enhances the adhesion of various host cells to the implant surface. This effect mediates acute immune cell‐mediated killing of Staphylococcus aureus on implants and enables the host to win “implant surface competition” against Staphylococcus aureus. This finding provides new strategies for preventing and treating implant‐associated infections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Forcemyography (FMG) is a useful method to record real-time body motions, which has application potentials for human-machine interactive control. The FMG registers the change of force distribution in the normal direction on muscle surface during limb movements, and the body motions can be recognized by decoding the FMG patterns. In this study, we used FMG to record upper-limb movements and evaluated the influence of different configurations of signal channel and feature on motion classification performances. A four-channel wearable FMG acquisition system was developed to record seven upper-limb movements on each of six able-bodied subjects. The preliminary results showed that the signal channel number has significant influence on motion classification performance; however, the influence of signal feature number on motion classification was insignificant. In addition, the influence of channel combination and feature combination were also discussed in this paper. This work would support the application potential of FMG for body motion recording and may provide useful instructions for the application of FMG in human-machine interactive control.

Electrode arrays for the ease of electrode placement in the correction of foot drop with surface electrical stimulation have been developed in recent years. However, the configuration and identification of optimal stimulation sites with regard to time efficiency, stimulation comfort, and fatigue resistance is yet to be solved. In this study, the candidate stimulation sites were ranked and selected according to the motor thresholds induced by 1 Hz stimulation trains. Then based on the selected sites, a new stimulation configuration method termed spatially distributed sequential stimulation was tested and compared with traditional single electrode stimulation for foot drop correction in two normal subjects. The preliminary results demonstrated that the motor threshold of spatially distributed sequential stimulation was equal or less than motor thresholds of each stimulus sites. Besides, with the same stimulation parameters, the spatially distributed sequential stimulation induced larger dorsiflexion motion compared with traditional single electrode stimulation. These findings suggest that spatially distributed sequential stimulation on the selected sites might be an effective electrode array configuration method for correcting foot drop with electrical stimulation.