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Acquired resistance to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) represents a primary cause of treatment failure in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2) is recently found to play a pivotal role in determining anti-cancer treatment response. However, the role and mechanism of CCL2 in the development of EGFR-TKIs resistance have not been fully elucidated. In the present study, we focus on the function of CCL2 in the development of acquired resistance to EGFR-TKIs in NSCLC cells. Our results show that CCL2 is aberrantly upregulated in EGFR-TKIs-resistant NSCLC cells and that CCL2 overexpression significantly diminishes sensitivity to EGFR-TKIs. Conversely, CCL2 suppression by CCL2 synthesis inhibitor, bindarit, or CCL2 knockdown can reverse this resistance. CCL2 upregulation can also lead to enhanced migration and increased expressions of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers in EGFR-TKI-resistant NSCLC cells, which could also be rescued by CCL2 knockdown or inhibition. Furthermore, our findings suggest that CCL2-dependent EGFR-TKIs resistance involves the AKT-EMT signaling pathway; inhibition of this pathway effectively attenuates CCL2-induced cell migration and EMT marker expression. In summary, CCL2 promotes the development of acquired EGFR-TKIs resistance and EMT while activating AKT signaling in NSCLC. These insights suggest a promising avenue for the development of CCL2-targeted therapies that prevent EGFR-TKIs resistance in NSCLC.

Objective To analyze the reasons of high-risk medication extravasation in the ICU and investigate prevention measures. Methods A total of 213 critically ill patients admitted to the hospital's intensive care unit from October 2022 to November 2023 were selected. The risk factors for high-risk medication extravasation in hospitalized patients were analyzed. The reasons for high-risk medication extravasation were studied, and measures to prevent high-risk medication extravasation and clinical management of high-risk medication extravasation were summarized. Results Among the 213 patients, 19 patients experienced high-risk medication extravasation, with an incidence rate of 8. 92%. Among the 19 patients, 9 cases were attributed to nurse-related factors, accounting for 47. 37% of the cases; 5 cases were due to patient-related factors, accounting for 26. 32%; 3 cases resulted from inappropriate vascular access selection, representing 15. 79% of the cases; and 2 cases were attributed to environmental factors, accounting for 10. 53%. Conclusion When administering intravenous fluids to patients in the intensive care unit, it is essential to be familiar with the types of high-risk extravasation-prone medications. Nurses should conduct a comprehensive assessment of patients' vasculature. Prevention is the primary approach, and targeted preventive measures can effectively prevent high-risk medication extravasation. (目的 分析重症监护室(ICU)患者常见高危药物外渗发生原因, 探讨应对措施。方法 回顾性分析医院ICU 2022 年 10 月— 2023 年 11 月收治的 213 例重症患者的临床资料, 探讨住院期间发生高危药物外渗的风险问题, 分析药物外渗的原因, 总结临床药物外渗预防和应对措施。结果 213 例患者中发生高危药物外渗19 例, 发生率为8. 92%。分析原因: 9(47. 37%)例由护士因素导致, 5(26. 32%)例由患者因素导致, 3(15. 79%)例由药物因素导致, 2(10. 53%)例由环境因素导致。结论 针对ICU患者输液治疗时, 护士需要熟知高危外渗药物种类, 对患者的血管状况进行全面评估, 以预防为主, 通过实施针对性的防范措施降低药物外渗的发生风险。)

PurposeTo explore the percutaneous minimally invasive treatment of pubic symphysis and its adjacent fractures.MethodSince May 2021, 13 cases of fractures involving the pubic symphysis and its adjacent parts were treated with x-ray fluoroscopic localization and percutaneous cannulated screw fixation across the symphysis pubis, the guide pin pierced the symphysis pubis and the fracture end and stopped at the inner edge of the acetabulum. Visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to evaluate the effect of the operation, and the patients were followed up.ResultThe screw insertion operation time was 25–40 min, with an average of 31.45 min; The number of perspectives is 20–40, with an average of 28.75. The average intraoperative blood loss was 10 ml, and there were no puncture complications such as nerve or vascular damage. The initial stability of the fractured end of the patient after surgery was good. The VAS score decreased from preoperative 8–10 points to postoperative 1–2 points (average of 1.5 points). The follow-up time was 3–25 months, with an average of 8.5 months. At the last follow-up, the excellent and good rate of pelvic function according to Majeed pelvic function scoring system was 100%. One patient had screws removed 1.5 years after surgery, while the remaining twelve patients did not have screws removed. All patients did not experience any discomfort symptoms caused by pubic symphysis fixation.ConclusionPercutaneous hollow nail internal fixation is an effective method for treating fractures of the pubic symphysis and its adjacent parts.

Epidermal stem cells (EpSCs) play a vital role in skin wound healing through re-epithelialization. Identifying chemicals that can promote EpSC proliferation is helpful for treating skin wounds. This study investigates the effect of morroniside on cutaneous wound healing in mice and explores the underlying mechanisms. Application of 10‒50 μg/mL of morroniside to the skin wound promotes wound healing in mice. In vitro studies demonstrate that morroniside stimulates the proliferation of mouse and human EpSCs in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Mechanistic studies reveal that morroniside promotes the proliferation of EpSCs by facilitating the cell cycle transition from the G1 to S phase. Morroniside increases the expression of β-catenin via the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R)-mediated PKA, PKA/PI3K/AKT and PKA/ERK signaling pathways, resulting in an increase in cyclin D1 and cyclin E1 expression, either directly or by upregulating c-Myc expression. This process ultimately leads to EpSC proliferation. Administration of morroniside to mouse skin wounds increases the phosphorylation of AKT and ERK, the expressions of β-catenin, c-Myc, cyclin D1, and cyclin E1, as well as the proliferation of EpSCs, in periwound skin tissue, and accelerates wound re-epithelialization. These effects of morroniside are mediated by the GLP-1R. Overall, these results indicate that morroniside promotes skin wound healing by stimulating the proliferation of EpSCs via increasing β-catenin expression and subsequently upregulating c-Myc, cyclin D1, and cyclin E1 expressions through GLP-1R signaling pathways. Morroniside has clinical potential for treating skin wounds.

ObjectiveTo lay the foundation of quickly and effectively response to such epidemics for laboratories， the detection of the real-time PCR and culture test results of stool and anal swab samples from 3 outbreaks caused by Campylobacter was compared.MethodsBiological samples from the 3 outbreaks of Campylobacter were collected. Bacterial culture was performed on the samples using filter culture method. DNA was extracted from the original samples， 24 h enriched samples and 48 h enriched samples. Kappa test was used to analyze the results of real-time PCR and culture method.ResultsThe real-time PCR detection sensitivity of original samples， 24 h enriched samples and 48 h enriched samples were 90.91%， 97.22% and 100%. And the detection specificity were 75.00%， 84.00%和78.95%， respectively. Kappa value for the consistency analysis in culture method with real-time PCR based on original samples， 24 h enriched culture samples and 48 h enriched samples were 0.643， 0.813 and 0.785， respectively.ConclusionThe combination of real-time PCR detection and culture detection is an effective laboratory testing method for the respond of Campylobacter outbreaks.

This paper aims to address compatibility among multiple types of encoding boards to streamline the design, construction, and maintenance processes of the automatic video surveillance and recording subsystem within locomotive on-board safety protection systems (referred to as the "6A video subsystem"). It proposes a design solution that uses middleware to shield the differences between underlying software and hardware. By analyzing and delving into aspects such as board identification, video stream acquisition, relationship decoupling, differential registration, and dynamic library loading, the design incorporates independent middleware to achieve compatibility among multiple types of video encoding boards. Verification and application results underscored the efficacy of the proposed solution in addressing dynamic replacements and compatibility across different types of video encoding boards without necessitating a restart of the 6A video subsystem, thereby improving operational efficiency in batch application and maintenance of the 6A video subsystem. Specifically, the troubleshooting time for a single locomotive was reduced to 1/3 compared to scenarios without this design. Moreover, the convenient interchange of multiple types of video encoding boards can significantly reduce system maintenance costs by eliminating the need for complete replacements of the 6A video subsystem.

The sixth-generation mobile communications (6G) will usher in a new era of information technology that is characterized by “intelligence empowering all things and wisdom being self-generated”. Simultaneously, corresponding technological research has become a new trend in the mobile communication industry. In the context of large-scale commercialization of the fifth-generation mobile communications (5G) in China, it is of great significance to clarify the development needs, understand the development trend, and propose the development layout of 6G for accelerating the development of the digital economy and seizing the international competitive advantage in the future. This study summarizes the problems of 5G development that still need to be addressed by 6G, including insufficient application depth, inadequate demand coverage, and low return on investment. It points out some key application scenarios that urgently need 6G empowerment, and comprehensively reviews the strategic deployment of 6G in developed and major developing countries, clarifying major trends such as optimizing and upgrading traditional industries through 6G commercialization, achieving major breakthroughs in 6G key core technologies, and strengthening 6G network security to modernize the national security system. Currently, China’s development of 6G faces prominent challenges regarding research and development investment,technology standards, open ecology, network security, and privacy protection. Therefore, it is necessary to use the new national system to break through technological innovation barriers, enhance the formulation of 6G standards, deepen international cooperation on 6G to build an open and win-win global industrial ecosystem, and develop core 6G technologies to establish a secure and controllable technical system. This study is expected to provide theoretical inspirations and practical references for the development and innovative application of 6G technology in China.

Background: Asthma is one of the most prevalent diseases worldwide and is closely related to environmental exposure. The prevalence of asthma and the relationship between asthma and the duration of environmental exposure in adolescents has not been reported in Chongqing, China. Objectives: To examine the prevalence of asthma among adolescents in Chongqing and investigate the relationships between asthma and environmental exposure. Methods: The subjects were recruited from a previous cohort study. The data, demographics and respiratory characteristics were collected after a monthly follow-up visit. PM 2.5 concentrations were matched to the residential addresses of participants. Results: This study included 4146 samples (11.74 ± 0.71 years) and the prevalence of asthma was 3.98 % (165/4146). In terms of PM 2.5 exposure, the annual average PM 2.5 level was significantly higher in adolescents with asthma, and the annual average PM 2.5 was positively associated with asthma (OR = 1.252, 95%CI: 1.049, 1.495). After adjusting for multiple potential confounding factors, comparing with PM 2.5 concentration in the first interquartile range (Q1), seasonal PM 2.5 (OR = 1.791, 95%CI: 1.119, 2.866) and monthly PM 2.5 (OR = 1.484, 95%CI: 0.929, 2.373) in the third interquartile range (Q3), there was a statistically significant increased risk of asthma. In terms of weather-related factors, seasonal humidity (OR = 3.157, 95%CI: 1.168, 8.536), monthly humidity (OR = 2.397, 95%CI: 1.307, 4.397) and temperature (OR = 2.510, 95%CI: 1.157, 5.447), they were positively correlated with asthma. Conclusions: This study illustrated the impact of chronic exposure of PM 2.5, temperature and humidity on asthma in adolescents.

The BNNS-CNT/PVDF composite film with high in-plane thermal conductivity and insulation was prepared by using the strategy of hybrid synergy and orientation enhancement of different thermally conductive fillers. The boron nitride nanosheets(BNNS)/polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF) fiber film by electrospinning was first prepared, and then surface sprayed carbon nanotubes(CNT) and multi-layer film hot pressing were used. Electrospinning technology enables BNNS to achieve in-plane orientation in PVDF films. The sprayed CNTs build an efficient thermal conduction path between the film layers and bridge the BNNS in the adjacent fiber films, which promotes the construction of in-plane thermal conduction network, but still maintains good insulation performance. As a result of the optimization of film preparation conditions, the in-plane thermal conductivity of the BNNS-CNT/PVDF composite film with 30%(mass fraction, the same below) BNNS and 3%CNT content reaches 3.25 W∙m-1∙K-1, which is 1104% higher than that of pure PVDF. Meanwhile, the film has an ultralow out-of-plane conductivity of 2.09×10-12 S∙cm-1. It is found that BNNS and CNT synergistically build an efficient thermal conductivity network, and the enhancement efficiency of 3%CNT for BNNS/PVDF is as high as 52.2% at 5%BNNS filling. At the same time, the thin film has good tensile strength and flexibility.

【Objective】 This paper aims to assess the indirect influence of virtual water flow on metropolitan-scale agricultural water stress in Sichuan province. It investigates the spatiotemporal variation in this context, elucidating how persistent growth in agricultural water use and the movement of virtual water through agricultural products across the province indirectly impacts regional water stress. 【Method】 The AquaCrop model was employed to calculate the water footprint of 16 different crops from 2000 to 2018 in all metropolitan cities within the province. The calculation of inter-province virtual water flow was based on annual balance between crop production and food demand, by considering the minimum transportation costs cross the province. These calculated results were then used to analyze the influence of virtual water flow on agricultural water stress. 【Result】 From 2000 to 2018, the average water footprint of crop production in Sichuan was estimated to be 28.4 billion cubic meters per year. The total water footprint of crop production in the province exhibited a fluctuation during the studied period, with the most notable change observed in Leshan. The province experienced a net increase in virtual water inflow, with the Western areas receiving more inflow than the Eastern regions. The continuous influx of virtual water has contributed to the alleviation of agricultural water stress in the province, reducing the number of cities experiencing increased water stress due to virtual water outflows from four in 2000 to one in 2018. 【Conclusion】 The analysis of physical and virtual water highlights the need for Sichuan province to enhance the regulation and optimization of virtual water trade as a means to mitigate agricultural water stress.

Sepsis is a complex and heterogeneous syndrome that remains a serious challenge to healthcare worldwide. Patients afflicted by severe sepsis or septic shock are customarily placed under intensive care unit (ICU) supervision, where a multitude of apparatus is poised to produce high-granularity data. This reservoir of high-quality data forms the cornerstone for the integration of AI into clinical practice. However, existing reviews currently lack the inclusion of the latest advancements. This review examines the evolving integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in sepsis management. Applications of artificial intelligence include early detection, subtyping analysis, precise treatment and prognosis assessment. AI-driven early warning systems provide enhanced recognition and intervention capabilities, while profiling analyzes elucidate distinct sepsis manifestations for targeted therapy. Precision medicine harnesses the potential of artificial intelligence for pathogen identification, antibiotic selection, and fluid optimization. In conclusion, the seamless amalgamation of artificial intelligence into the domain of sepsis management heralds a transformative shift, ushering in novel prospects to elevate diagnostic precision, therapeutic efficacy, and prognostic acumen. As AI technologies develop, their impact on shaping the future of sepsis care warrants ongoing research and thoughtful implementation.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a painful joint disease that is common among the middle-aged and elderly populations, with an increasing prevalence. Therapeutic options for OA are limited, and the pathogenic mechanism of OA remains unclear. The roles of cytokines and signaling pathways in the development of OA is a current research hot spot. Interleukin (IL)-17 is a pleiotropic inflammatory cytokine produced mainly by T helper 17 cells that has established roles in host defense, tissue repair, lymphoid tissue metabolism, tumor progression, and pathological processes of immune diseases, and studies in recent years have identified an important role for IL-17 in the progression of OA. This narrative review focuses on the mechanisms by which IL-17 contributes to articular cartilage degeneration and synovial inflammation in OA and discusses how IL-17 and the IL-17 signaling pathway affect the pathological process of OA. Additionally, therapeutic targets that have been proposed in recent years based on IL-17 and its pathway in OA are summarized as well as recent advances in the study of IL-17 pathway inhibitors and the potential challenges of their use for OA treatment.

This paper summarized the nursing management of constipation in a stroke patient. Based on the brain-gut axis theory, the moxibustion combined with auricular acupoint pressing therapy and individualized nursing interventions were carried out to relieve the abdominal distension and anxiety of the patient. Based on the interaction of the brain-gut axis theory, nursing by syndrome differentiation is conductive to relieve the constipation and improve the recovery of gastrointestinal function in patients with post-stroke constipation. (本文回顾1例脑卒中后便秘患者的临床资料, 总结护理经验。基于脑-肠轴理论实施艾灸及耳穴压豆治疗, 同时配合健康宣教等个体化护理措施, 患者便秘伴随症状腹胀、焦虑都得到改善。基于脑-肠轴理论大脑与胃肠相互影响、相互调节思想对患者进行辨证施护, 解决患者便秘及焦虑症状, 有利于患者胃肠功能的恢复。)

ObjectiveTo provide basic data for modification of laboratory testing for outbreaks caused by Clostridium perfringens （C. perfringens）， a diarrhea outbreak that may have been caused by polyclonal infection of C. perfringens was analyzed.MethodsAnal swab samples of 4 patients with diarrhea were collected. cpa and cpe genes and C. perfringens in original swab samples and enriched samples were detected via real time PCR. Toxin gene test and pulsed field gel electrophoresis （PFGE） were performed for some C. perfringens isolates.Resultscpa and cpe genes were positive in samples of 4 patients. One cpe+ isolate was obtained from 18 isolates of C. perfringens from patient 1， and the composition ratio was 5.56% （1/18）. One cpe+ isolate was obtained from 6 isolates of C. perfringens in patient 2， and the composition ratio was 16.7% （1/6）. No cpe+ isolate was obtained from patient 3， and C. perfringens was not isolated from patient 4. Two types （A type and C type） and 5 PFGE patterns were identified in 11 isolates of C. perfringens. Two cpe+ isolates from patient 1 and patient 2 had identical PFGE patterns.ConclusionThis outbreak might have been caused by C. perfringens. Considering the delays caused by the implementation of diagnostic standards， comprehensive use of laboratory detection methods can improve the response time of outbreak analysis.

ObjectiveTo provide reference data for the prevention， control， and treatment of Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection， the dominant band type of pulsed field gel electrophoresis （PFGE）， drug resistance， and virulence gene present in V. parahaemolyticus detected during foodborne disease surveillance cases in Tongzhou district， Beijing， from 2015 to 2021 was investigated.MethodsV. parahaemolyticus was isolated and cultured from stool samples of outpatient diarrhea cases in designated monitoring hospitals in Tongzhou district from 2015 to 2021. Serotyping， virulence gene detection， PFGE cluster analysis， and drug sensitivity tests were performed.ResultsThe detection rate of V. parahaemolyticus in 2 828 fecal samples was 3.54%， and the peak months of detection were from July to September every year. A statistically significant difference in the detection rate of V. parahaemolyticus in different years （χ2=53.94， P

Proliferation and migration of epidermal stem cells (EpSCs) are essential for epithelialization during skin wound healing. Angiopoietin-like 4 (ANGPTL4) has been reported to play an important role in wound healing, but the mechanisms involved are not fully understood. Here, we investigate the contribution of ANGPTL4 to full-thickness wound re-epithelialization and the underlying mechanisms using Angptl4-knockout mice. Immunohistochemical staining reveals that ANGPTL4 is significantly upregulated in the basal layer cells of the epidermis around the wound during cutaneous wound healing. ANGPTL4 deficiency impairs wound healing. H&E staining shows that ANGPTL4 deficiency significantly reduces the thickness, length and area of the regenerated epidermis postwounding. Immunohistochemical staining for markers of EpSCs (α6 integrin and β1 integrin) and cell proliferation (PCNA) shows that the number and proliferation of EpSCs in the basal layer of the epidermis are reduced in ANGPTL4-deficient mice. In vitro studies show that ANGPTL4 deficiency impedes EpSC proliferation, causes cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase and reduces the expressions of cyclins D1 and A2, which can be reversed by ANGPTL4 overexpression. ANGPTL4 deletion suppresses EpSC migration, which is also rescued by ANGPTL4 overexpression. Overexpression of ANGPTL4 in EpSCs accelerates cell proliferation and migration. Collectively, our results indicate that ANGPTL4 promotes EpSC proliferation by upregulating cyclins D1 and A2 expressions and accelerating the cell cycle transition from G1 to S phase and that ANGPTL4 promotes skin wound re-epithelialization by stimulating EpSC proliferation and migration. Our study reveals a novel mechanism underlying EpSC activation and re-epithelialization during cutaneous wound healing.

The fusion of aesthetic education with vocational training constitutes a necessary evolution dictated by both societal progression and the demands of contemporary times, with each element enhancing the other. This study proposes a pathway for the construction of aesthetic education courses tailored to the current educational objectives of vocational undergraduate institutions. It also introduces a teaching model designed to foster aesthetic sensibilities structured around the ADDIE instructional design framework. Moreover, this research employs the 2023 student cohort from HZ Vocational College as subjects for a comparative experimental study to empirically analyze the effectiveness of the aesthetic education teaching approach. An enhanced clustering algorithm, which integrates multi-point optimization, was applied to assess the development of students’ aesthetic spirit. Additionally, a regression analysis model was used to investigate the various factors influencing the cultivation of this aesthetic spirit, providing a comprehensive analysis of the impact of the proposed educational interventions. The results show that after the teaching, the mean values of student evaluation, self-evaluation, parent evaluation, and teacher evaluation in the five aspects of recognizing beauty, experiencing beauty, feeling beauty, appreciating beauty, and creating the beauty of the students in Class A of the sample are higher than those of Class B by 4.90, 4.08, 3.40 and 4.13. Their p-values are all statistically significant at 0.000

Inspired by the recent success of machine learning (ML), the concept of semantic communication introduced by Weaver in 1949 has gained significant attention and has become a promising research direction. Unlike conventional communication systems, semantic communication emphasizes the precise retrieval of conveyed meaning from the source to the receiver, rather than focusing on the accurate transmission of symbols. Thus, semantic communication can achieve a significant gain in source data compression, alleviate communication bandwidth pressure, and support new intelligent services, which is envisioned as a crucial enabler of future sixth-generation (6G) networks. In this review, we critically summarize the advances made in semantic information and semantic communications, including theory, architecture, and potential applications. Moreover, we deeply explore the major challenges in developing semantic communications and present the development prospects, aiming to prompt further scientific and industrial advances in semantic communications.

The high temperature oxidation behavior of NbMoTaWV refractory high entropy alloy(RHEA) prepared by arc melting was studied by static oxidation experiment, XRD and FSEM. The results reveal that the NbMoTaWV RHEA is not protective due to severe cracks in the oxide layer at 1000 ℃ and 1200 ℃. The mass gain follows a linear oxidation law. Molten oxides formed at 1400 ℃, which release the growth stress of the oxide layer and fill the holes left by the volatilization of Mo and V oxides.In the oxidation process of NbMoTaWV, oxygen diffuses into the matrix and first oxidizes with Nb and Ta in the diffusion layer to generate needle-rod like oxidation products, and then oxidizes with other alloy elements. In the subsequent oxidation process, the oxides of W are dissolved in Nb and Ta oxides, while the granular mixed oxides of Mo and V volatilize at high temperatures.

Objective To investigate the expression and significance of progesterone X receptor (PXR), multidrug resistant protein 1 (MDR1), cytochrome P450 3A5 (CYP3A5), and cytochrome P450 2B6 (CYP2B6) in high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC). Methods A total of 56 patients with HGSOC admitted to the Department of Gynecology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital from September 2019 to December 2021 were included in the experimental group. The patients were further divided into drug resistant group (24 cases) and sensitive group (32 cases) according to their resistance to platinum chemotherapy drugs. The control group included 16 patients with uterine fibroids admitted during the same period. The expression of PXR, MDR1, CYP3A5, and CYP2B6 in HGSOC and normal fallopian tubes were determined by immunohistochemistry, real-time quantitative PCR, and Western blotting. Results Compared with the control group, the positive expression rates of PXR, MDR1, CYP3A5, and CYP2B6 were significantly increased in the experimental group (χ2=12.879-17.174,P0.05). Conclusion PXR, MDR1, CYP3A5, and CYP2B6 are highly expressed in HGSOC, which may be involved in its occurrence and development. The detection of PXR, MDR1, CYP3A5, and CYP2B6 expression can be used to determine the sensitivity of HGSOC to chemotherapy, which is helpful to provide guidance for postoperative chemotherapy.

This research presents the spatial Durbin method, which may be used to analyze the relationship between economic educational attainment and economic development in China. The method accounts for regional dependence and variety when calculating the impact of economic education on a province economic development. A pedagogical economic strategy has also taken into account how varied the education model is while implementing it. The study’s conclusions, which were based on data from Chinese provinces, showed that China’s distribution of postgraduates (PGs) was geographically autocorrelated and unstable. This work contributes to existing in two ways. It quantifies the influence of postgraduate education on technical innovation in a big, quickly rising economy. The research assesses direct and indirect impacts to comprehend postgraduate education. Overall, PG education has a big impact on technological innovation. Three geographical weighting matrices were utilized in the research study to assess spatial overflow, and it was shown that PG education in nearby provinces greatly boosted innovation. The spatial overflow effect of the economic matrix (EM) was stronger than that of the matrix adjacent to it. In both the EM and the economic-geographical matrix, the spatial overflow impact of postsecondary education was bigger than its direct influence. This research contributes to an improved considerate of the characteristics and goals of PG training in a rapidly changing market.

Emerging evidence has demonstrated that ubiquitin conjugating enzyme E2 J1 (UBE2J1) exerts pivotal function in many cancers. UBE2J1 was reported to be dysregulated in endometrial cancer (EC). This study was designed to further investigate the regulatory character and mechanism of UBE2J1 in EC. Bioinformatic tools and databases were used to analyze gene expression pattern and gene expression correlation in EC tissues, and the prognosis of EC patients. Gene expression was evaluated by reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Western blot was used for protein level detection. In vitro cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry analyses and TUNEL assays. In vivo cell apoptosis was evaluated by detecting Bax and Bcl-2 expression in tumor tissues via immunohistochemical and western blot analyses. In this study, UBE2J1 knockdown promoted cell apoptosis in EC cells and in mouse models of EC. PI3K and AKT expression is positively correlated with UBE2J1 level and is related to poor prognosis of EC patients. UBE2J1 knockdown repressed the PI3K/AKT pathway both in vitro and in vivo. UBE2J1 downregulation decreased MDM2 expression, but increased p53 expression. MDM2 overexpression reverses the promotion of UBE2J1 knockdown on cell apoptosis in EC. Overall, UBE2J1 knockdown induces cell apoptosis in EC by inactivating the PI3K/AKT signaling and suppressing the MDM2/p53 signaling.

In this article, we study the elliptic system: −Δu+μ1u=∣x∣αu3+λv,x∈Ω−Δv+μ2v=∣x∣αv3+λu,x∈Ωu,v>0,x∈Ω,u=v=0,x∈∂Ω,\left\{\begin{array}{ll}-\Delta u+{\mu }_{1}u=| x\hspace{-0.25em}{| }^{\alpha }{u}^{3}+\lambda v,& x\in \Omega \\ -\Delta v+{\mu }_{2}v=| x\hspace{-0.25em}{| }^{\alpha }{v}^{3}+\lambda u,& x\in \Omega \\ u,v\gt 0,x\in \Omega ,u=v=0,x\in \partial \Omega ,\end{array}\right. where Ω⊂R3\Omega \subset {{\mathbb{R}}}^{3} is the unit ball. By the variational method, we prove that if α\alpha is sufficiently small, the ground state solutions of the system are radial symmetric, and if α>0\alpha \gt 0 is sufficiently large, the ground state solutions are nonradial; however, the solutions are Schwarz symmetry.

ABSTRACT This paper aims to evaluate and compare the distributive impact of the personal income tax (PIT) on individual’s income in Brazil and China by measuring the Gini Index before and after this tax incidence. The paper also proposes a methodology for transposing the PIT backets from one country to another. The results show that a more progressive scheme implemented by China, with more brackets and higher rates, does not guarantee reduction of inequality, due to the level of income exemption and to the incomes on which the marginal rates affect. Thus, it can be perceived that the PIT brackets of these two countries deserves revisions if they seek to fulfill the distributive function.

The diesel engine combustion process is mainly controlled by the fuel injection characteristics, which will have a direct impact on the performance of the diesel engine, more flexible injection strategy is the development direction of high pressure common-rail system. In order to obtain the change law of the performance of extra-high pressure common-rail diesel engine under variable injection strategy, and improve the overall performance of diesel engine, the effect of different post-injection parameters on the performance of diesel engine was studied on a self-designed extra-high pressure common-rail diesel engine experiment bench, and the relevant results were discussed and analyzed. The results show that: with the rise of post-injection fuel quantity, NOx concentration and soot concentration decrease gradually, and with the rise of post-injection interval angle, NOx concentration decreases gradually, while soot concentration first decreases and then increases. Therefore, choosing post-injection fuel quantity and post-injection interval angle rationally can achieve lower NOx and soot emission at the same time. Meanwhile, with the rise of post-injection fuel quantity or post-injection interval angle, the fuel consumption rate presents an increasing trend.

This paper reviewed the clinical effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) ointment massage therapy and nursing care for a patient with lumbar disc herniation. Based on the routine care and health education, the TCM ointment massage therapy was adopted to relieve the lower extremity pain and weakness. TCM ointment massage therapy is considered as an effective and well-accepted treatment of lumbar disc herniation. (本文回顾中药膏摩的治疗1例腰椎间盘突出症患者的效果, 总结护理经验。在常规护理和健康宣教的基础上, 通过实施中药膏摩技术, 能够有效改善患者疼痛和下肢无力的症状。中药膏摩治疗腰椎间盘突出症效果明显, 不良反应少, 易被患者接受。)

Quantum computing has the capability of parallel computing and is superior to classical computing in solving some specific problems. Once a large-scale quantum computer is developed, the security of classical cryptographic algorithms and protocols, which is based on the assumption of computational complexity, will be severely challenged. Quantum cryptography is a new cryptosystem; its security is based on the principles of quantum mechanics, and can resist the attack of quantum computing. This paper focuses on the nearly 40 years development of quantum cryptographic protocols, including quantum key distribution (QKD), quantum secure direct communication, quantum secret sharing, quantum identity authentication, two-party secure computation, and quantum private query, and summarizes the problems in the process of development. The analysis shows that the quantum cryptographic protocols are in an unbalanced state: QKD is far ahead of other protocols and other protocols are difficult to achieve breakthroughs. In the future, practical quantum protocols for digital signature and two-party secure computation are core issues that needs to be addressed urgently. Therefore, research on quantum and post-quantum cryptography should be conducted synchronously, cross-over study and talent cultivation for the quantum science and cryptography disciplines should be strengthened, and the examination and evaluation mechanism of relevant basic research needs to be optimized.

Objective To analyze the relationship between the preoperative relative blood glucose ratio and the safety of cerebrovascular bypass of ischemic moyamoya disease (MMD) patients. Methods A total of 178 patients with ischemic MMD who were hospitalized in Department of Neurosurgery of Qilu Hospital of Shandong University from December 2016 to December 2019. A total of 186 cases underwent superficial temporal artery⁃middle cerebral artery (STA⁃MCA) bypass. The fasting blood glucose and glycated albumin of all patients at admission were recorded to calculate the relative blood glucose ratio. After STA⁃MCA bypass, the incidence of postoperative complications was counted. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression were used to analyze the risk factors of postoperative complications of ischemic MMD. Results 186 cases were divided into 4 groups based on relative blood glucose ratio, Q1＜0.404, Q2 0.404-, Q3 0.456-, Q4≥0.534. The proportion of right surgery side in Q1 group was higher than that in Q3 group (χ2=4.762, P=0.029) and Q4 group (χ2=22.087, P=0.000), while the proportion of right surgery side in Q2 group (χ2=16.331, P=0.000) and Q3 group (χ2=7.355, P=0.007) was higher than that in Q4 group. The incidence of mild complications in Q1 group (χ2=6.389, P=0.011) and Q2 group (χ2=4.040, P=0.044) was higher than that in Q4 group. The incidence of postoperative complications was 28.49% (53/186), of which 8.60% (16/186) were severe type and 19.89% (37/186) were mild type, including transient neurological dysfunction 97.30% (36/37), subdural hemorrhage 2.70% (1/37). Logistic regression analysis showed that the relative blood glucose ratio increased (OR=1.484, 95%CI: 1.071-2.058; P=0.018), hypertension (OR=3.696, 95%CI: 1.805-7.569; P=0.000), operative interval＜2 months (OR=2.186, 95%CI: 1.041-4.590; P=0.039) was risk factors for postoperative complications. Conclusions In order to reduce the incidence of postoperative complications in patients with ischemic MMD, the operation interval after infarction can be extended to 2 months, and the preoperative relative blood glucose ratio should be closely monitored and the perioperative blood pressure should be controlled.

High myopia is a common ocular genetic disease in the world. The study sought to investigate the effect of the Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) genes polymorphisms on high myopia in a Han population of China. This study recruited 216 unrelated Han Chinese subjects, including 103 cases with high myopia and 113 controls. Four tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of IGF-1 and MMP-9 genes were genotyped using the Sequenom MassARRAY method. The chi-square test showed that the family history was significantly correlated with myopia. The SNP genotypes were all in Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (P > 0.05). Among the four SNPs, there were statistically significant differences in the genotype and allele frequencies of rs2236416 between the groups (P = 0.024). The significant associations of rs2236416 between cases and controls also appeared after Bonferroni multiple correction (P = 0.024). Then, there were significant differences in the genotypes dominant model and codominant model of rs2236416 between groups (P = 0.007 and P = 0.004, respectively). rs5742632 showed a significant difference between the cases and the controls in the recessive model (P = 0.037). Our findings indicated that rs2236416 of MMP-9 was associated with myopia in the population. The result suggested MMP-9 gene locus may play a role in myopia.

BackgroundAs a special type of hypertension, resistant hypertension has complex etiology, is difficult to treat, and more likely to lead to target organ damage. Recent studies have found that common triple combination antihypertensive therapies plus low-dose spironolactone could effectively control blood pressure in patients with resistant hypertension, but the efficacy and safety of such treatments need to be further verified due to small scales of these studies.ObjectiveTo perform a systematical review of the efficacy and safety of spironolactone for resistant hypertension.MethodsRandomized controlled trials (RCTs) on spironolactone for resistant hypertension were identified in databases of PubMed, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, CNKI, VIP, and WanFang Date from inception to May 3rd, 2021. Two researchers separately screened the RCTs, extracted data and assessed the risk bias of eligible studies. Meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.3.ResultsTwenty RCTs were included, nine of which did not report randomization methods, one used randomization based on the sequence of numbers including odd and even numbers of admission (pseudo-randomization) , seven did not report whether blinding was used, four were open-labeled, three described allocation concealment, and one had no complete results with no safety parameters for post-treatment of the controls. Meta-analysis revealed that compared to placebo and blank control groups, spironolactone-treated group had much lower clinic blood pressure, 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) , daytime blood pressure and nighttime blood pressure (P

Many medium to large magnetite-type IOCG deposits have been found in the Copiapo area of Chile, which is located in the north fragment of the Chilean iron belt on the east side of the coastal mountain belt. The formation of these deposits is closely related to the neutral mafic volcanic rocks in the continental margin arc under the background of ocean subduction and the intrusion center of Early Cretaceous intermediate-acid magmatic rocks intruded in the volcanic sedimentary formation. The metallogenic belt is largely covered by Quaternary gravel layer. Using integrated geophysical methods with metallogenic geological characteristics to locate the concealed deposits (ore-bodies) under the overburden has become a key technology and a practical demand. We conducted an in-depth study of the metallogenic geological characteristics of magnetite-type IOCG deposits in the Copiabo area, and interpreted the preliminary exploration target by aeromagnetic deep-geological interpretation. Combining the interpretation results with the statistical analysis of metallogenic geological-physical parameters of magnetite-type IOCG deposits, a metallogenic geological-geophysical anomaly model of magnetite-type IOCG deposits in the Copiabo area is established. A large concealed magnetite-type IOCG deposit was found and verified by drilling in the deep target area delineated in the Quaternary coverage area of the Moon Mountain exploration area by using the integrated geophysical method.

ObjectiveRetrospectively analyzed the esophageal carcinoma (EC) patients with esophageal perforation (EP) after radiotherapy to discuss the treatment and prognosis.MethodsData of patients with EC who had EP after radiotherapy in Hebei Cancer Hospital were collected from 2001 to 2020 and retrospectively analyzed. All analyses were performed using SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 18. 0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, Ill., USA). P values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant.ResultsA total of 94 patients with EC were enrolled, among which 72 were males and 22 were females, with a median age of 62 (38–82) years. The tumor was located in the upper thoracic in 45 patients, middle thoracic in 45 patients, and lower thoracic in 4 patients. There were 30 cases of tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) and 64 cases of esophagomediastinal fistula (EMF). All patients died within 11 months (median: two months) after EP. After EP, 48 patients were treated by tube feeding (include nasal feeding and gastrostomy), 26 patients by esophageal stenting, and 20 patients by fluid infusion therapy, and their one, three, and six months survival rates after EP were 81.3%, 31.3%, and 12.5% (P = 0.000). In the TEF group, the one, three, and six month survival rates after EP of tube feeding, esophageal stenting and fluid infusion groups were 88.2%, 17.6%, 11.8%; 45.5%, 27.3%, 0%; and 50.0%, 50.0%, 0% (P = 0.345). In the EMF group, the one, three, and six months survival rates after EP of this three groups were 77.4%, 38.7%, 12.9%; 26.7%, 20.0%, 6.7%; and 22.2%, 11.1%, 0% (P=0.002), respectively.ConclusionMost patients with EP after radiotherapy died within six months, with low survival and poor prognosis. Tube feeding therapy can achieve relatively good survival, especially for patients with EMF. The survival of patients treated by tube feeding therapy is significantly better than the survival of those treated by other methods.

PurposeTo evaluate the clinical outcomes of salvage radiotherapy in patients with supraclavicular lymph node (SCLN) metastases after esophagectomy.MethodsAfter initial esophagectomy (R0 resection), clinical outcomes in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma with SCLN metastases during follow-up were retrospectively analyzed.ResultsA total of 114 patients were split into two groups: the salvage radiotherapy (SR) (n=89) and the control (NSR) (without salvage radiotherapy, n=25). The overall survival rates of 1 year, 3 years and 5 years were 81.6%, 31.4% and 8.6%, accordingly. The 1-year and 3-year survival after SCLN metastases (SASM) rates were 40.2% and 14.5%, respectively; the median SASM time was 10 months. In the SR group, the SASM rates of 1-year and 3-year were 48.1% and 18.9%, compared to 12.0% and 0% in the NSR group (p

Refractory high entropy alloys NbMoTaWTi and NbMoTaWZr were prepared by vacuum arc melting.The microstructure and component distribution characteristics were analyzed, and the dynamic behavior during room temperature to 1500℃, as well as the isothermal oxidation behavior at 1200℃ were studied. Results reveal that NbMoTaWTi mainly consists of single body-centred cubic (BCC) phase, and NbMoTaWZr is composed of BCC and Zr-rich phases.These two alloys are both seriously oxidized above 700℃. Comparatively, NbMoTaWTi alloy is superior to NbMoTaWZr in antioxidation below 1300℃.For both two alloys, the oxygen diffusion inward mainly occurs during isothermal oxidation at 1200℃ and catastrophic oxidation takes place after 3 h. The Ti and Zr addition cannot cause selective oxidation. Although these two elements form a composite oxide layer with other refractory metal oxides, the density and the ability to prevent oxidation is not enough.