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With a view to further enriching the college practical teaching conditions and also for the college teaching being closer to actual combat, a study is made on basis of system demand analysis in the early stage about the internal interface relationship and information/control process of the antagonistic virtual simulation training system with a key technology analysis made to lay a solid foundation for the implementation of the antagonistic virtual simulation training system.

With the connection and integration of renewable energy, the on-load tap-changer (OLTC) has become an important device for regulating voltage in distribution networks. However, due to non-smooth and non-linear characteristics of OLTC, traditional bad data identification and state estimation methods for transmission network are limited when applied to the distribution network. Therefore, the nonlinearity and droop control constraints of the OLTC model are considered in this paper. At the same time, the quadratic penalty function is introduced to realize the fast normalization of the tap position. It proposes a two-stage bad data identification method based on mixed-integer linear programming. In the first stage, suspicious measurements are identified using projection statistics and maximum normalized residual methods for preprocessing the measurement data. In the second stage, a linearization approach utilizing hyhrid data-physical driven is applied to handle nonlinear constraints, leading to the development of a bad data identification model based on mixed-integer linear programming. Finally, the proposed methodology is validated using a modified IEEE-33 node test feeder example, demonstrating the accuracy and efficiency of bad data identification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Begonia pedatifida has persistently been utilized as a traditional folk herbal medicine. This study has sequenced the chloroplast genome of B. pedatifida to establish its genomic characteristics and to discern its phylogenetic relationships with other closely related species. The chloroplast genome structure of B. pedatifida reveals a circular molecule with a length of 169,606 bp, including a large single copy (LSC) region of 76,086 bp, a small single copy (SSC) region of 18,314 bp, and a pair of inverted repeats (IRS) region of 37,603 bp. The entire genome contains 138 genes, which consist of 88 protein-coding genes, 42 tRNA genes, and 8 rRNA genes. Phylogenetic analysis suggests that B. pedatifida is closely related to Begonia emeiensis, Begonia jinyunensis, and Begonia pulchrifolia, sharing a common ancestor and forming sister lineages. This research provides genetic information for further study on B. pedatifida. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Owing to the inappropriate use of antimicrobial agents and the process of natural selection of microorganisms, antibiotic resistance has become a serious problem that challenges the health of human beings. Integrating two different bactericidal agents into one matrix is a feasible approach to enhance antibacterial efficiency. This study synthesized an efficient antibacterial nanocomposite material by conjugating polydopamine-modified silver nanoparticles (PDA@Ag) with amoxicillin (AMOX). The structure of PDA@Ag-AMOX (PAA) was characterized using TEM, UV-Vis, and FT-IR. Compared to PDA@Ag, PAA showed an increased inhibition rate of 33.3% against Escherichia coli, 31.3% against Bacillus subtilis, and 28.6% against Salmonella. It was speculated that the antimicrobial mechanism involved the reaction of Ag+ derived from PAA with functional groups of vital enzymes and proteins and the inhibitory effect of AMOX on the synthesis of bacterial cell walls and carboxypeptidase activity of binding proteins. PAA has both good coordinated antibacterial activity and high biocompatibility, which lays the foundation for the future combination and the exploration of more collaborative treatment plans among antibacterial agents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To screen efficient organic dyes, six novel XY1b-based molecules are designed by modifying electron-assisted acceptors, and their electronic structure, optical properties and photovoltaic performances are evaluated in detail with density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT (TD-DFT) calculations coupled with the incoherent charge transfer model. Results show that benzoselenadiazole (BSD) and diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) are two best electron-assisted acceptors and replacing benzothiadiazole (BTD) with the BSD/DPP unit can redshift the maximum absorption peak by 13/67 nm. According to our estimation, the overall photoelectric conversion efficiency (PCE) of XY1b is as high as 13.09% with a Jsc of 16.261 mA·cm−2, Voc of 1.047 V and FF of 0.769, in good agreement with its measured value of 11.8 ± 0.2% (Jsc = 15.26 ± 0.18 mA·cm−2, Voc = 1.01 ± 0.003 V and FF = 76.3 ± 0.2%), verifying that the scheme proposed by us is reliable. With the same procedure, the predicted PCE values for dyes 1, 2 and 5 reach up to 18.00%, 15.95% and 27.37% respectively, indicating that these three dyes are potential efficient sensitisers and are worthy of further study by experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the light curing process, the high transmittance of fused quartz leads to overcuring of the paste, thereby affecting its forming precision. To address this issue, aniline black dye was incorporated into the SiO2f/SiO2 ceramic paste to enhance its ultraviolet light absorption. The impact of modifying agent on paste viscosity and the influence of sintering temperature on ceramic microstructure and properties were investigated. The results demonstrated that by adding the black dye, the dimensional deviation rate of SiO2f/SiO2 composite ceramic decreased to less than 8.0%. The optimal sintering temperature was determined as 900°C, resulting in a maximum flexural strength of 21.9 MPa at room temperature and 25.5 MPa at 600°C respectively. However, with further increase in temperature, flexural strength declined due to cristobalite formation. Additionally, dielectric properties were examined and it was found that the main failure mechanisms of the fibers in the SiO2f/SiO2 composite ceramic were fiber fracture and fiber pull-out. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The reactions between SO3 and atmospheric acids are indispensable in improving the formation of aerosol particles. However, relative to those of SO3 with organic acids, the reaction of SO3 with inorganic acids has not received much attention. Here, we explore the atmospheric reaction between SO3 and H2SO4 , a typical inorganic acid, in the gas phase and at the air–water interface using quantum chemical (QC) calculations and Born–Oppenheimer molecular dynamics simulations. We also report the effect of H2S2O7 , the product of the reaction between SO3 and H2SO4 , on new particle formation (NPF) in various environments using the Atmospheric Cluster Dynamics Code (ACDC) kinetic model and QC calculations. The present findings show that the gas-phase reactions of SO3 + H2SO4 without and with water molecules are both low-energy-barrier processes. With the involvement of interfacial water molecules, H2O induced the formation of the S2O72-⋯H3O+ ion pair, HSO4- mediated the formation of the HSO4-⋯H3O+ ion pair, and the deprotonation of H2S2O7 was observed and proceeded on the picosecond timescale. The present findings suggest the potential contribution of the SO3 – H2SO4 reaction to NPF and aerosol particle growth, showing that (i) although H2S2O7 is easily hydrolyzed with water to form H2SO4 , it can directly participate in H2SO4 – NH3 -based cluster formation and can present a more obvious enhancement effect on SA – A -based cluster formation, and (ii) the formed interfacial S2O72- can attract candidate species from the gas phase to the water surface and, thus, accelerate particle growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]