Search

A new aerobic bacterial strain, designated strain YIM B02290

A Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped bacteria strain, named YIM B01951

A new phenylspirodrimane dimer derivative (1) was isolated from cultures of the tin mine tailings-associated fungus Stachybotrys chartarum. Its structure was elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analyses.

A novel halophilic actinobacterial strain, designated YIM 96934T, was isolated from a soil sample collected from the edge of a saline lake in Xinjiang, north-west China. The taxonomic position of the strain was investigated using a polyphasic approach. Cells of the strain were aerobic and Gram-stain-positive. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain YIM 96934T was related most closely to type strains of the genus Phytoactinopolyspora , and shared highest sequence similarity with Phytoactinopolyspora endophytica EGI 60009T (94.7 %), Phytoactinopolyspora alkaliphila EGI 80629T (94.5 %) and Phytoactinopolyspora halotolerans YIM 96448T (94.1 %). Optimum growth of the strain was observed at 28–37 °C (range 15–45 °C), pH 7.0–8.0 (6.0–9.0) and 5–8 % (w/v) NaCl (2–24 %). The major isoprenoid quinone was MK-9(H4). The whole-cell sugars were glucose, galactose, mannose and rhamnose. The diagnostic diamino acid was ll-diaminopimelic acid. The polar lipid profile was found to consist of diphosphatidylglycerol, four unidentified phospholipids, three unidentified phosphoglycolipids, an unidentified aminophospholipid, two phosphatidylinositol mannosides and an unidentified polar lipid. The major fatty acids were anteiso-C15 : 0, iso-C16 : 0, iso-C17 : 0, anteiso-C17 : 0 and summed feature 4 (iso-C17 : 1 I and/or anteiso-C17 : 1 B). The DNA G+C content was 66.6 mol%. On the basis of phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic data, a novel species, Phytoactinopolyspora halophila sp. nov., is proposed. The type strain is YIM 96934T (=KCTC 39926T=CCTCC AB 2017057T).

Huagaimu (Manglietiastrum sinicum) trees are critically endangered species and classified as a plant species with extremely small populations in China. Rhizospheres and bulk soils prokaryotic communities play an important role to protect and promote plants health and growth. However, the compositions and structures of prokaryotic communities in wild and reintroduced M. sinicum rhizospheres and bulk soils are still poorly understood. In the present study, prokaryotic communities in wild and reintroduced M. sinicum rhizospheres and bulk soils were compared using high-throughput sequencing. Thirty-two phyla, 76 classes, 193 orders, 296 families, and 470 genera of prokaryotes were obtained. Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria were the two most abundant phyla in all soil samples. The compositions and structures of prokaryotic communities were overall similar, and the abundance of some taxa varied significantly among soil samples. Soil prokaryotic communities were significantly affected by soil pH, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and total potassium. Eleven of predicted functions were significantly different among the four soil groups. This study provides for the first insights into the compositions, structures, and potential functions of prokaryotic communities associated with wild and reintroduced M. sinicum rhizospheres and bulk soils, and providing a foundation for future research to help protect this endangered species.

A new pregnane steroid, named aspergillon A (1), together with two known compounds, (22E,24R)-ergosta-5,7,22-trien-3β-ol (2) and (22E, 24R)-ergosta-4,6,8(14),22-tetraen-3-one (3) were isolated from cultures of the tin mine tailings-associated fungus Aspergillus versicolor. The new structure and absolute configuration were determined with the help of extensive spectroscopic analyses and quantum chemical calculations of the electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra.

Three new drimane sesquiterpenoids, 12-hydroxyalbrassitriol (1), drim-8(12)-en-6β,7α, 9α,11-tetraol (2), and drim-68(12)-dien-9α,11-diol (3), along with one known analog albrassitriol (4), were isolated from cultures of the tin mine tailings-associated fungus Penicillium sp. The new structures were determined on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analyses. All compounds were tested for their cytotoxicities against five human cancer cell lines.

One rare dichlorinated aromatic lactone was isolated from the tin mine tailings-derived fungus Torula sp. YIM DT 10072. Its structure was determined by detailed analysis of spectroscopic data including 1H NMR, 13C NMR, 2D NMR, and HR-FAB-MS. The compound showed antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus with MIC value of 64 μg/mL.

Eight phenylspirodrimane-type analogues, including five new compounds, named stachartins A – E (1, 3, 6 – 8), were isolated from cultures of the tin mine tailings-associated fungus Stachybotrys chartarum. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods including extensive 2D-NMR techniques.

A novel haloalkalitolerant, rod-shaped bacterium, designated strain YIM 4-4T, was isolated from the surface water of the Dugerno lake, a haloalkaline lake in Inner Mongolia. The taxonomy of strain YIM 4-4T was investigated by a polyphasic approach. Strain YIM 4-4T was Gram-stain-negative, strictly aerobic, non-motile and formed red colonies. Optimal growth conditions were 28 °C, pH 8.0–11.0 and 0.5–2 % NaCl. The major respiratory quinone was menaquinone-7 (MK-7). The polar lipid profile was composed predominantly of phosphatidylethanolamine, six unidentified polar lipids, one phospholipid and one aminolipid. The predominant cellular fatty acids (>5 %) were iso-C15 : 0, iso-C17 : 1I/anteiso-C17 : 1B, iso-C16 : 1G, iso-C17 : 0 3-OH, C16 : 1ω7c/C16 : 1ω6c and iso-C16 : 1. The genomic DNA G+C content was 43.0 mol%. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that the members of the genera Cecembia, Fontibacter, Aquiflexum and Indibacter of the family Cyclobacteriaceae (phylum Bacteroidetes) were the most closely related, with 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities ranging from 93.6 to 94.2 %. Other members of the family Cyclobacteriaceae showed sequence similarities

A new phenylspirodrimane derivative, stachartin F (1), and 2 known secondary metabolites stachybonoid E (2) and stachybonoid F (3) were isolated from cultures of the tin mine tailings-associated fungus Stachybotrys chartarum YIM DT 10079. Their structures were determined with the help of extensive spectroscopic analyses and absolute configuration of compound 1 was rationalized by quantum chemical calculations of the electronic circular dichroism spectra.

A new pregnane steroid, named aspergillon A (

A new cyclohexenone, named phomaligol D (1), together with two known compounds, kojic acid (2) and phomaligol A (3) were isolated from the tin mine tailings-derived fungus Aspergillus flavus YIM DT 10012. Their structures were elucidated by detailed analysis of spectroscopic data. Structures of compounds 1–3 isolated from the cultures of Aspergillus flavus YIM DT 10012.

A new pregnane steroid, named aspergillon A (1), together with two known compounds, (22E,24R)-ergosta-5,7,22-trien-3β-ol (2) and (22E, 24R)-ergosta-4,6,8(14),22-tetraen-3-one (3) were isolated from cultures of the tin mine tailings-associated fungus Aspergillus versicolor. The new structure and absolute configuration were determined with the help of extensive spectroscopic analyses and quantum chemical calculations of the electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra.

A new phenylspirodrimane dimer, named stachartarin A (1), was isolated from cultures of the tin mine tailings-associated fungus Stachybotrys chartarum. Its structures were elucidated by means of spectroscopic methods. At the same time, the compound was tested for its cytotoxicity against HL-60, SMMC-7721, A-549, MCF-7, and SW480 cells.

A Gram-positive, non-motile, asporogenous and aerobic bacterium, designated YIM 98012T, was isolated from a salt lake in China. Strain YIM 98012T was found to be catalase and oxidase positive. Optimal growth of strain YIM 98012T was observed at 37 °C and pH 7.0 and it was found to grow in the presence of 5-20% (w/v) NaCl (optimum 10% NaCl). Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that the novel strain is affiliated with the family Bacillaceae of the phylum Firmicutes and that it shares high (94.7%) sequence similarity with Alteribacillus persepolensis DSM 21632T and does not show sequence similarities of more than 94.0% to known members of other related genera. The major fatty acids (> 10%) were identified as anteiso-C15:0, anteiso-C17:0, iso-C16:0 and C16:0. The genomic DNA G+C content was determined to be 41.0 mol% and the dominated respiratory quinone was identified as MK-7. The cell wall peptidoglycan of strain YIM 98012T was found to contain meso-diaminopimelic acid, while the polar lipids profile was found to include diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylcholine. Based on physiological and chemotaxonomic characteristics, strain YIM 98012T is concluded to be the type strain of the type species of a novel genus in the family Bacillaceae for which the name Aidingibacillus halophilus gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is YIM 98012T (= KCTC 33868T = DSM 104332T).

A novel aerobic, Gram-positive, non-motile halotolerant actinobacterium, designated strain YIM 96448T, was isolated from a saline soil sample collected from the south bank of Aiding Lake in Xinjiang Province, northwest China. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain YIM 96448T is closely related to Phytoactinopolyspora endophytica EGI 60009T (98.0%) and Phytoactinopolyspora alkaliphila EGI 80629T (97.0%). Optimum growth of the strain was observed at 28-37 °C, pH 7-9 and in the presence of 5-8% NaCl (w/v). The respiratory quinone of strain YIM 96448T was determined to be MK-9(H4). The major fatty acids (>10%) were identified as anteiso-C15:0, iso-C16:0, anteiso-C17:0 and summed feature 4 (iso-C17:1 I and/or anteiso-C17:1B). The polar lipid profile was found to consist of diphosphatidylglycerol, an unidentified aminophospholipid, phosphatidylglycerol, two phosphatidylinositol mannosides, three unidentified phosphoglycolipids and four unidentified phospholipids. The DNA G+C content was determined to be 68.7 mol%. On the basis of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic analysis, strain YIM 96448T should be classified as a novel species in the genus Phytoactinopolyspora, for which the name Phytoactinopolyspora halotolerans sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is YIM 96448T (=CCTCC AB 2017055T = KCTC 39924T).

Two new diketopiperazines, named diphenylalazine C (1) and epicoccin U (2), together with six known compounds (3–8) were isolated from the EtOAc extract of the fermentation broth of the tin mine tailings-derived fungus Schizophyllum commune YIM DT 10058. Their structures were elucidated by detailed analysis of spectroscopic data and comparison with related known compounds. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibited weak antibacterial and cytotoxic activities.

Stachartone A (1), a novel phenylspirodrimane dimer, was isolated from cultures of the tin mine tailings-associated fungus Stachybotrys chartarum. Its structure was elucidated by means of spectroscopic methods. At the same time, compound (1) was tested for its cytotoxicity against five human cancer cell lines.

Eight phenylspirodrimane-type analogues, including five new compounds, named stachartins A – E (1, 3, 6 – 8), were isolated from cultures of the tin mine tailings-associated fungus Stachybotrys chartarum. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods including extensive 2D-NMR techniques.

A new natural product named 7-O-methyl-8-chlorogenistein (1) was isolated together with eight known isoflavones, 8-chlorogenistein (2), kakkatin (3), 7-O-methyl genistein (4), genistein (5), daidzein (6), glycitin (7), genistin (8), and daidzin (9), from the metabolites of Streptomyces strain YIM GS3536, which was isolated from soil sample collected from Yunnan Province, China. We report the unambiguous assignments of the 1H and 13C NMR spectra of the new compound 7-O-methyl-8-chlorogenistein (1). Compound 1 exhibited appreciable cytotoxicity against human melanoma cell lines (B16) and human leukemia cell lines (HL60) with IC50 values of 17.5 and 19.2 μM, respectively. The MIC values of 1 for Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans were in the range of 23–35 μM.

Copper sulfate (CuSO 4 ) has been widely used as an algicide to control harmful cyanobacterial blooms (CyanoHABs) in freshwater lakes. However, there are increasing concerns about this application, due mainly to the general toxicity of CuSO 4 to other aquatic species and its long-term persistence in the environment. This study reported the isolation and characterization of two natural algicidal compounds, i.e., tryptamine and tryptoline, from Streptomyces eurocidicus JXJ-0089. At a concentration of 5 μg/ml, both compounds showed higher algicidal efficiencies than CuSO 4 on Microcystis sp. FACHB-905 and some other harmful cyanobacterial strains. Tryptamine and tryptoline treatments induced a degradation of chlorophyll and cell walls of cyanobacteria. These two compounds also significantly increased the intracellular oxidant content, i.e., superoxide anion radical (O 2 − ) and malondialdehyde (MDA), but reduced the activity of intracellular reductants, i.e., superoxide dismutase (SOD), of cyanobacteria. Moreover, tryptamine and tryptoline treatments significantly altered the internal and external contents of microcystin-LR (MC-LR), a common cyanotoxin. Like CuSO 4 , tryptamine and tryptoline led to releases of intracellular MC-LR from Microcystis , but with lower rates than CuSO 4 . Tryptamine and tryptoline (5 μg/ml) in cyanobacterial cultures were completely degraded within 8 days, while CuSO 4 persisted for months. Overall, our results suggest that tryptamine and tryptoline could potentially serve as more efficient and environmentally friendly alternative algicides than CuSO 4 in controlling harmful cyanobacterial blooms. IMPORTANCE Cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (CyanoHABs) in aquatic environments have become a worldwide problem. Numerous efforts have been made to seek means to prevent, control, and mitigate CyanoHABs. Copper sulfate (CuSO 4 ), was once a common algicide to treat and control CyanoHABs. However, its application has become limited due to concerns about its general toxicity to other aquatic species and its long-term persistence in the environment. There is a great need for algicides with higher specificity and low environmental impacts. This study reports the isolation and characterization of two natural algicidal compounds from a streptomycete strain, Streptomyces eurocidicus JXJ-0089. Our results suggest that the identified algicides could potentially serve as more efficient and environmentally friendly alternative algicides than CuSO 4 in controlling harmful cyanobacterial blooms.

An unprecedented new natural product named nocarsin A (1), 5H-4a,6,7a-triazacyclopenta[cd]indene-5,7(6H)-dione (1), together with seven known compounds lumichrome (2), cyclo (L-Leu-L-Tyr) (3), cyclo (L-Ala-L-Ile) (4), cyclo (L-Ala-L-Leu) (5), cyclo (L-Val-L-Ala) (6), 5-methyluracil (7) and uracil (8), was isolated from Nocardia alba sp.nov (YIM 30243(T)), which was isolated from a soil sample collected from Yunnan Province, P. R. China. NMR techniques including COSY, HSQC, ROESY, and HMBC were used to elucidate the structures of these compounds. We report the unambiguous assignments of the (1)H and (13)C NMR spectra of the new compound nocarsin A (1).

A new pyranonaphthoquinone antibiotic, griseusin D (1) was isolated from the cultural fluid of the alkaphilic Nocardiopsis sp. The structure was determined as 5'-one-4-hydroxy-12-methoxygriseusin by spectroscopic methods, comparison with reported data and single-crystal X-ray analysis. 1 displayed strong cytotoxicity against human leukemia cells (HL60) and modest cytotoxicity against human lung adenocarcinoma cell lines (AGZY) with IC(50) values of 0.23 and 19.6 microg/ml, respectively. It also exhibited weak antifungal activity against Alternaria alternate with MIC of 140 microg/ml.

Streptimonospora salina gen. nov., sp. nov. was found to produce three phenoxazinone antibiotics, 2-amino-3H-phenoxazin-3-one (1), 2-methylamino-3H-phenoxazin-3-one (2), 2-acetylamino-3H-phenoxazin-3-one (3), and one phenazine antibiotic, phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (4). The chemical structures of the compounds were determined using 1D and 2D NMR spectrometry and electrospray mass spectrometry (ESMS). Compounds 1-4 exhibited modest cytotoxicity against a human renal carcinoma cell line ACHN with IC50 values of 35.4, 12.4, 65.4, and 82.9 μM, respectively. Compound 2 was discovered for the first time from a biological origin.

A facultatively anaerobic, Gram-staining-negative, pale red-pigmented, non-motile, rod-shaped, moderately halophilic bacterium, designated strain YIM J14T, was isolated from a sediment sample from a salt mine in Yunnan, south-western China. Growth occurred at NaCl concentrations of between 2 % and 15 % (w/v) and optimally with 5–9 % NaCl. The optimum temperature and pH for growth of the strain were 28 °C and pH 7.5. The major cellular fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0 and iso-C17 : 1ω9c/10-methyl-C16 : 0. The polar lipid profile was composed predominantly of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine and one unknown phospholipid. Minor amounts of other lipids were also detectable. The genomic DNA G+C content was 47.2 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons indicated that strain YIM J14T was related to Gracilimonas tropica in the phylum Bacteroidetes . The level of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between strain YIM J14T and Gracilimonas tropica CL-CB462T was 96.9 %. A DNA–DNA hybridization experiment between strain YIM J14T and Gracilimonas tropica indicated levels of relatedness of 28 %. Chemotaxonomic data supported the placement of strain YIM J14T in the genus Gracilimonas . DNA–DNA hybridization and biochemical and physiological characterization allowed strain YIM J14T to be differentiated from Gracilimonas tropica . It is therefore considered to represent a novel species of the genus Gracilimonas , for which the name Gracilimonas mengyeensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain YIM J14T ( = ACCC 10717T = DSM 21985T).

Griseusms F (1) and G (2), two 2a-hydro-8a-(2-oxopropyl)-substituted spiro-naphthoquinones with a previously undescribed C-23 polyketide skeleton, were isolated from a Yunnan tin mine tailings-derived alkalophilic actinomycete, Nocardiapsis sp. YIM DT266. Their complete structure assignments with the absolute stereochemistry were elucidated by spectroscopic data, X-ray crystal diffraction, calculation of optical rotation, and CD spectroscopic analysis. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibited strong cytotoxicity (IC50 0.37-0.82 mu M) and antibacterial activity (MIC 0.80-1.65 mu g/mL) against Gram-positive bacteria, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in vitro.

Streptomyces auratus strain AGR0001 produces neophoslactomycin A, a novel analog of phoslactomycin that possesses potent activity against some phytopathogenic fungi. Here, the draft genome sequence of S. auratus strain AGR0001 is presented, which would provide insight into the biosynthetic mechanism of neophoslactomycin A.

isolation and structure elucidation of phenazinolins A (Ia), B (Ib), C (II), D (IIIa) and E (IIIb), cytotoxic activity for compounds (I) and (II)

Phenazinolins A-E (1-5), which possess a carbon skeleton unique to diphenazines (the azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonadienol moiety in 1-3 and the oxabicyclo[3.3.1]nonadienol moiety in 4 and 5), were isolated from tin mine tailings-derived Streptomyces diastaticus YIM DT26, with 1-3 exhibited appreciable cytotoxicity and antibiotic effects.

A new pyranonaphthoquinone antibiotic, griseusin D (1) was isolated from the cultural fluid of the alkaphilic Nocardiopsis sp. The structure was determined as 5′-one-4-hydroxy-12-methoxygriseusin by spectroscopic methods, comparison with reported data and single-crystal X-ray analysis. 1 displayed strong cytotoxicity against human leukemia cells (HL60) and modest cytotoxicity against human lung adenocarcinoma cell lines (AGZY) with IC50 values of 0.23 and 19.6 μg/ml, respectively. It also exhibited weak antifungal activity against Alternaria alternate with MIC of 140 μg/ml.