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The current electroencephalogram (EEG) based deep learning models are typically designed for specific datasets and applications in brain-computer interaction (BCI), limiting the scale of the models and thus diminishing their perceptual capabilities and generalizability. Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved unprecedented success in text processing, prompting us to explore the capabilities of Large EEG Models (LEMs). We hope that LEMs can break through the limitations of different task types of EEG datasets, and obtain universal perceptual capabilities of EEG signals through unsupervised pre-training. Then the models can be fine-tuned for different downstream tasks. However, compared to text data, the volume of EEG datasets is generally small and the format varies widely. For example, there can be mismatched numbers of electrodes, unequal length data samples, varied task designs, and low signal-to-noise ratio. To overcome these challenges, we propose a unified foundation model for EEG called Large Brain Model (LaBraM). LaBraM enables cross-dataset learning by segmenting the EEG signals into EEG channel patches. Vector-quantized neural spectrum prediction is used to train a semantically rich neural tokenizer that encodes continuous raw EEG channel patches into compact neural codes. We then pre-train neural Transformers by predicting the original neural codes for the masked EEG channel patches. The LaBraMs were pre-trained on about 2,500 hours of various types of EEG signals from around 20 datasets and validated on multiple different types of downstream tasks. Experiments on abnormal detection, event type classification, emotion recognition, and gait prediction show that our LaBraM outperforms all compared SOTA methods in their respective fields. Our code is available at https://github.com/935963004/LaBraM., Comment: The Twelfth International Conference on Learning Representations

The quantum battery capacity is introduced in this letter as a figure of merit that expresses the potential of a quantum system to store and supply energy. It is defined as the difference between the highest and the lowest energy that can be reached by means of the unitary evolution of the system. This function is closely connected to the ergotropy, but it does not depend on the temporary level of energy of the system. The capacity of a quantum battery can be directly linked with the entropy of the battery state, as well as with measures of coherence and entanglement., Comment: 5+7 pages, 2+3 figure. To be published

Quantum entropy is an important measure for describing the uncertainty of a quantum state, more uncertainty in subsystems implies stronger quantum entanglement between subsystems. Our goal in this work is to quantify bipartite entanglement using both von Neumann entropy and its complementary dual. We first propose a type of dual entropy from Shannon entropy. We define $S^{t}$-entropy entanglement based on von Neumann entropy and its complementary dual. This implies an analytic formula for two-qubit systems. We show that the monogamy properties of the $S^{t}$-entropy entanglement and the entanglement of formation are inequivalent for high-dimensional systems. We finally prove a new type of entanglement polygon inequality in terms of $S^{t}$-entropy entanglement for quantum entangled networks. These results show new features of multipartite entanglement in quantum information processing., Comment: 13 pages + 4 figures

The issue of photon spin Hall effect was generalized as a universal question of how to control all the scattering waves in a multi-channel structure (complete control). A general theory was proposed, which provides a simple way to achieve the complete control. This theory shows also that the necessary condition for complete control is that the structure must contain a complete set of sources. To demonstrate the application of the theory, the typical scattering patterns in the two-channel and four-channel structures are achieved theoretically. Previous this research, one could only artificially control the scattering waves in two channels out of a four-channel structure.

In this work we develop a general formalism that categorizes the action of broken scale invariance on the non-equilibrium dynamics of non-relativistic quantum systems. This approach is equally applicable to both strongly and weakly interacting systems. We show that any small deviation from the strongly interacting fixed point, in three spatial dimensions, leads to non-pertubative effects in the long time dynamics, dramatically altering the dynamics observed at the scale invariant fixed point. As a concrete example, we apply this approach to the non-equilibrium dynamics for the interacting two-body problem, and for a non-interacting quantum gas in the presence of an impurity, both in three spatial dimensions. Slightly away from the resonantly-interacting scale invariant fixed point, we show that the dynamics are altered by a non-perturbative log-periodic beat. The presence of the beat depends only on deviating from the resonant fixed point, while the frequency depends on the microscopic parameters of the system., Comment: 19 pages, 6 figures, 5 appendices

We provide a family of general monogamy inequalities for global quantum discord (GQD), which can be considered as an extension of the usual discord monogamy inequality. It can be shown that those inequalities are satisfied under the similar condition for the holding of usual monogamy relation. We find that there is an intrinsic connection among them. Furthermore, we present a different type of monogamy inequality and prove that it holds under the condition that the bipartite GQDs do not increase when tracing out some subsystems. We also study the residual GQD based on the second type of monogamy inequality. As applications of those quantities, we investigate the GQDs and residual GQD in characterizing the quantum phase transition in the transverse field Ising model., Comment: 11 pages, 6 figures