Search

With the continuous advancement of agricultural Internet of Things (IoT) technologies, real-time monitoring of agricultural environments has become increasingly significant. This monitoring provides valuable information on pest and disease occurrences and corresponding ecological conditions. However, as the agricultural environments have extensive coverage, the number of monitoring IoT devices and the volume of information will rapidly increase. This leads to a surge in network traffic and computing demands. To address this issue, this article proposes an agricultural environmental monitoring IoT system that utilizes edge computing and deep learning technologies. It combines the Long-Range Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN) for long-range transmission with pest recognition and counting modules. By offloading workloads traditionally processed in the cloud to edge nodes, the proposed system effectively reduces transmission and cloud computing pressures for the agricultural monitoring IoT. Simulation experiments demonstrate stable LoRaWAN protocol-based data transmission at the edge, with an overall packet loss rate of less than 5%, meeting the transmission quality requirements. Moreover, this article investigates a pest recognition and counting method based on deep learning technology. Pest images, captured by monitoring nodes, are recognized and counted online using the TensorFlow framework. Experimental results indicate an accuracy of 89% in pest recognition. By digitally transmitting pest image recognition results to the cloud, the proposed system significantly alleviates transmission and cloud computing pressures for the monitoring IoT.

Single-cell transcriptome sequencing (scRNA-seq) is an unparalleled technology in the field of transcriptomics, which can study cells in a comprehensive and unbiased manner, thus characterizing complex biological processes at the cellular level. At the same time, scRNA-seq can produce a large amount of experimental data; therefore, the extraction of important information is required. In this review, we summarize the common applications of scRNA-seq analysis, such as of cellular communication, pseudo-timing, transcription factors, and functional enrichment, to mine cellular information and reveal the regulatory relationships between genes and trajectories of different cell lineages during development. We also describe the latest technological progress of scRNA-seq use in organoid, pathogenic gene variants, tumor tissues, stem cells, viruses, antibody preparation, and so on, in order to improve its applicability in future research in the life science field.

Background: Due to insufficient near‐field resolution and artifacts, it is challenging to evaluate the left ventricular apical perfusion with phased‐array probes. By combining high‐frequency linear probe and contrast‐enhanced ultrasound (CEUS), imaging of apical myocardial perfusion could be improved. The study aims to evaluate the preliminary application of CEUS by high‐frequency linear probes to assess the apical perfusion. Methods: The study enrolled retrospectively 91 patients to test the feasibility of the novel method. In protocol 1, patients were stratified into a group with left anterior descending artery (LAD) stenosis (N = 40) and a group without LAD stenosis or coronary artery disease (N = 41) based on the degree of coronary artery narrowing, quantified by >50% stenosis in coronary angiography. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis was performed to test the diagnostic value of perfusion parameters. In protocol 2, the reproducibility of high‐frequency linear probe in apical perfusion analysis was compared with the conventional phased‐array probe in 30 patients. Results: (1) The novel method is feasible in 81(89.01%) patients. (2) In protocol 1, to detect LAD stenosis, the best cut‐off of β, T, A, and MBF were 10.32, 3.28, 9.39, and 4.99, respectively. Area under the curve of β, T, A, and MBF were.880,.881,.761, and.880, respectively. (3) In protocol 2, compared with phased‐array probe, the quantitative analysis of high‐frequency linear probe is of high reproducibility and could get good curve fitting (R2 =.29 vs. R2 =.71, P <.01). Conclusion: Observation of apical perfusion using this method is feasible and quantitative analysis allows an accurate and convenient identification of LAD stenosis. This method provides an alternative for patients who have difficulties in visualizing the apical region with a phased‐array probe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Carbon disulfide (CS2) is an environmental contaminant, which is deadly hazardous to the workers under chronic or acute exposure. However, the toxicity mechanisms of CS2 are still unclear due to the scarcity of biocompatible donors, which can release CS2 in cells. Here we developed the first bioorthogonal CS2 delivery system based on the "click‐and‐release" reactions between mesoionic 1,3‐thiazolium‐5‐thiolates (TATs) and strained cyclooctyne exo‐BCN‐OH. We successfully realized intracellular CS2 release and investigated the causes of CS2‐induced hepatotoxicity, including oxidative stress, proteotoxic stress and copper‐dependent cell death. It is found that CS2 can be copper vehicles bypassing copper transporters after reacting with nucleophiles in cytoplasm, and extra copper supplementation will exacerbate the loss of homeostasis of cells and ultimately cell death. These findings inspired us to explore the anticancer activity of CS2 in combination with copper by introducing a copper chelating group in our CS2 delivery system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Heart failure (HF), with its high morbidity and mortality, remains a global public health issue. Right ventricular (RV) dysfunction is a sign of deterioration in the natural history of HF, and a thorough evaluation of the relationship between RV contractility and its afterload through RV–pulmonary arterial (RV–PA) coupling can aid in accurately assessing overall RV function. The ratio of RV end‐systolic elastance (Ees) to pulmonary arterial elastance (Ea) invasively measured by right heart catheterization served as the gold standard for evaluating RV–PA coupling. An echocardiographic index termed tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion/pulmonary artery systolic pressure (TAPSE/PASP) has been shown to correlate well with Ees/Ea. TAPSE/PASP is recognized as a non‐invasive surrogate of RV–PA coupling and has been extensively studied in patients with HF. This review briefly describes the methods of assessing RV–PA coupling, mainly discussing echocardiography, summarizes the clinical utility of TAPSE/PASP in patients with different HF types, and provides an overview of the available literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]