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Abstract Wheat aging plays an important role in assessing storage wheat quality and its subsequent processing purposes. The conventional detection methods for wheat aging are mainly involved in chemical techniques, which are time-consuming as well as waste part of wheat samples for each detection. Although some physical detection methods have obtained gratifying results, it is extremely hard to expand their application fields but to stay in the theory stage. For this reason, a novel nondestructive detection model for wheat aging based on the delayed luminescence (DL) has been proposed in this paper. Specifically, after collecting enough sample data, we first took advantage of certain hyperbolic function to fit DL signal, and then used four parameters of the hyperbolic function to feature the decay trend of the DL signal. Secondly, in order to better feature the DL signal, we extracted other six features together with above four features to form the input feature vector. Finally, as the bidirectional long short-term memory (Bi-LSTM) network lacked error-correcting performance, the Bi-LSTM network based on Walsh coding (Walsh-Bi-LSTM) mechanism was proposed to establish the detection model, which made the detection model have the error-correcting performance by reasonably splitting the multi-classification target task. Shown by experimental results, the newly proposed wheat aging detection model is able to achieve 94.00% accuracy in the testing dataset, which can be used as a green and nondestructive method to timely reflect wheat aging states.

This article discusses the synthesis of α-aryl carbonyl compounds using palladium catalysis. The authors focus on the deprotonative α-arylation of Meyers's chiral bicyclic lactams (MCBLs) as a potential method for synthesizing these compounds. They explore various bases and catalytic systems to optimize the reaction conditions and achieve high yields. The authors also investigate the reaction scope by testing different substrates and bridgehead substituents. The results suggest that steric effects play a crucial role in determining the reactivity of the substrates. The authors propose a plausible mechanism for the formation of the arylated lactam products. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the synthesis of α-aryl carbonyl compounds and highlights the potential of MCBLs as versatile building blocks. [Extracted from the article]

A letter to the editor is presented concerning the effects of association in cohort studies of metformin and Vitamin B12 deficiency.