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An integrated angle sensor based on electromagnetic induction is proposed. The sensor consists of a specific signal processing chip and two external printed circuit boards. The design of on-board excitation coil, receiver coil and feedback coil were realized and the conversion of angles was completed through electromagnetic coupling between alternating electromagnetic fields. Gain-programming mode was set up in the sensor chip to eliminate errors caused by producing and assembling process, while zero-calibration program was executed to implement zero calibration. Angle decoding circuit was designed using CORDIC algorithm, including the {unction of error compensation to increase the precision in computing arcsine. Experimental results indicate that the critical digital circuit block could work correctly. The decoding scope of the block ranges from 0° to 120° with the error less than 0.05°, which can meet the 0.5° precision demand of the sensor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The design of a non-magnetic meter chip is introduced in this paper. It is based on the sensor circuit design, reflecting a high-sensitivity algorithm in its system architecture. Via the I²C interface, it can be intelligently controlled to adjust its operating mode, sensors setting, sampling frequency et al. This meter chip is already taped-out in 0.6 µm process and tested, the results showed that the chip can measure 90 degree turn of the impeller. The current is 5 µA in the working mode and only 0.01 µA in the sleep mode with 3.3 V power supply. The chip can be widely used in flux and heat meters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introgression, also known as introgressive hybridization, refers to the process that genetic components from the gene pool of one population transfer to the other via constant backcrossing. Introgression is widespread in nature, which plays important roles in increasing genetic diversity and improving adaptability to the environment, and in turn, influences the evolutionary progress of animals, plants and humans. Being as an important evolutionary event, researchers pay great attention to the detection of introgression, the introgression direction, the introgression timing, the pattern of introgression and so on. With the rapid development of high-throughput sequencing technologies, methods to detect and characterize introgression based on genome-wide data are continuously developed. In this review, we summarize a series of methods for introgression detection, and introduce the design principles and applications of these methods. We also discuss the maintenance and selection of gene segments after introgression. This review provides a relatively comprehensive reference for the studies on introgression.

Objective: To detect the duplication or deletion of peripheral myelin protein 22(PMP22) gene in Chinese patients with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease(CMT) or hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies(HNPP) using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction., Methods: Duplications or deletions of PMP22 gene were detected in 113 CMT cases, 4 HNPP cases and 50 normal controls by using real-time quantitative PCR., Results: Thirty-six of 113 CMT cases had the PMP22 duplication, 4 HNPP cases had the PMP22 deletion. No duplication or deletion was found in 50 normal controls., Conclusion: The PMP22 duplication rate in Chinese patients with CMT is 31.9%(36/113). PMP22 deletion is the common cause of HNPP.