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Dental caries, particularly secondary caries, which is the main contributor to dental repair failure, has been the subject of extensive research due to its biofilm-mediated, sugar-driven, multifactorial, and dynamic characteristics. The clinical utility of restorations is improved by cleaning bacteria nearby and remineralizing marginal crevices. In this study, a novel multifunctional dental resin composite (DRC) composed of Sr-N-co-doped titanium dioxide (Sr-N-TiO2) nanoparticles and nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HA) reinforcing fillers with improved antibacterial and mineralization properties is proposed. The experimental results showed that the anatase-phase Sr-N-TiO2 nanoparticles were synthesized successfully. After this, the curing depth (CD) of the DRC was measured from 4.36 ± 0.18 mm to 5.10 ± 0.19 mm, which met the clinical treatment needs. The maximum antibacterial rate against Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) was 98.96%, showing significant inhibition effects (p < 0.0001), which was experimentally verified to be derived from reactive oxygen species (ROS). Meanwhile, the resin exhibited excellent self-remineralization behavior in an SBF solution, and the molar ratio of Ca/P was close to that of HA. Moreover, the relative growth rate (RGR) of mouse fibroblast L929 indicated a high biocompatibility, with the cytotoxicity level being 0 or I. Therefore, our research provides a suitable approach for improving the antibacterial and mineralization properties of DRCs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The success of root canal therapy depends mainly on the complete elimination of the root canal bacterial biofilm. The validity and biocompatibility of root canal disinfectant materials are imperative for the success of root canal treatment. However, the insufficiency of the currently available root canal disinfectant materials highlights that more advanced materials are still needed. In this study, a nanozyme-loaded hydrogel (Fe3O4-CaO2-Hydrogel) was modified and analyzed as a root canal disinfectant material. Fe3O4-CaO2-Hydrogel was fabricated and examined for its release profile, biocompatibility, and antibacterial activity against E. faecalis and S. sanguis biofilms in vitro. Furthermore, its efficiency in eliminating the root canal bacterial biofilm removal in SD rat teeth was also evaluated. The results in vitro showed that Fe3O4-CaO2-Hydrogel could release reactive oxygen species (ROS). Moreover, it showed good biocompatibility, disrupting bacterial cell membranes, and inhibiting exopolysaccharide production (p < 0.0001). In addition, in vivo results showed that Fe3O4-CaO2-Hydrogel strongly scavenged on root canal biofilm infection and prevented further inflammation expansion (p < 0.05). Altogether, suggesting that Fe3O4-CaO2-Hydrogel can be used as a new effective biocompatible root canal disinfectant material. Our research provides a broad prospect for clinical root canal disinfection, even extended to other refractory infections in deep sites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to investigate the effects of two antioxidants and their application time on the fracture strength of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM)-fabricated ceramic laminate veneers to bleached enamel, as well as their effects on the bonding interface micromorphology. Eight groups were set: Group NC (without bleaching and antioxidant treatment); Group NA (bleaching without antioxidant treatment); Group SA30, SA60, SA120 and Group PAC30, PAC60, PAC120 (bleaching and treating with sodium ascorbate or proanthocyanidins for 30, 60, and 120 min, respectively). After cementation of veneers, fracture strength values and failure modes were analyzed. The bonding interface morphology was observed by confocal laser scanning microscopy. The fracture strength was impaired when cementation procedure was performed immediately after bleaching. This reduction in fracture strength was reestablished with antioxidant treatment, and an extended treatment time contributed to better improvement. The resin tags at the bonding interfaces of the bleached enamel were impaired. Antioxidant treatments were able to reverse this unfavorable trend.

Background: During percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) for the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs), repeated fluoroscopic images to adjust the puncture needle and inject the polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) are critical steps. A method to further reduce the radiation dose would be of great value., Objectives: To assess the efficacy and safety of a 3D-printed guide device (3D-GD) for PKP in the treatment of OVCFs and compare the clinical efficacy and imaging outcomes of traditional bilateral PKP, bilateral PKP with 3D-GD and unilateral PKP with 3D-GD., Study Design: Retrospective study., Setting: General Hospital of Northern Theater Command of Chinese PLA., Methods: From September 2018 through March 2021, 113 patients diagnosed with monosegmental OVCFs underwent PKP. The patients were divided into 3 groups: traditional bilateral PKP (B-PKP group, 54 patients), bilateral PKP with 3D-GD (B-PKP-3D group, 28 patients) and unilateral PKP with 3D-GD (U-PKP-3D group, 31 patients). Their epidemiologic data, surgical indices, and recovery outcomes were collected during the follow-up period., Results: The operation time was significantly shorter in the B-PKP-3D group (52.5 ± 13.7 minutes) than in the B-PKP group (58.5 ± 9.5 minutes) (P = 0.044, t = 2.082). The operation time was significantly shorter in the U-PKP-3D group (43.6 ± 6.7 minutes) than in the B-PKP-3D group (52.5 ± 13.7 minutes) (P = 0.004, t = 3.109). The number of intraoperative fluoroscopy applications was significantly lower in the B-PKP-3D group (36.8 ± 6.1) than in the B-PKP group (44.8 ± 7.9) (P = 0.000, t = 4.621). The number of intraoperative fluoroscopy times was significantly lower in the U-PKP-3D group (23.2 ± 4.5) than in the B-PKP-3D group (36.8 ± 6.1) (P = 0.000, t = 9.778). The volume of injected PMMA was significantly lower in the U-PKP-3D group (3.7 ± 0.8 mL) than in the B-PKP-3D group (6.7 ± 1.7 mL) (P = 0.000, t = 8.766). The Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) scores were significantly decreased one day after surgery in each group. However, there were no differences in postoperative VAS and ODI scores, anterior height or local kyphotic angle of the fractured vertebrae, PMMA leakage, or refracture of the vertebral body., Limitations: Relatively small sample size and short-term follow-up period., Conclusion: This new innovative 3D technique makes PKP safe and effective. The bilateral PKP with 3D-GD technique, even unilateral PKP with 3D-GD, has the advantages of accurate positioning, a short operation time, and reduced intraoperative fluoroscopy times to the patient and surgeon.

Objective: To explore the safety and effectiveness of Taylor spatial frame (TSF) in the treatment of medial compartmental osteoarthritis (MCOA) of the knee and the adjustment of the lower extremity force line at the same time., Methods: The clinical data of 30 patients with MCOA who underwent high tibial osteotomy (HTO) between October 2016 and April 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the different fixation methods, they were divided into external fixation group (TSF external fixation, 16 cases) and internal fixation group (locking steel plate internal fixation, 14 cases). There was no significant difference between the two groups in gender, age, side, disease duration, mechanical femur tibia angle (MFTA), and other general data ( P >0.05). The operation time and intraoperative blood loss of the two groups were recorded and compared; MFTA was used to evaluate the recovery of the lower extremity force line at last follow-up; Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) score was used to evaluate the clinical effecacy before operation and at 2 weeks, 1 month, and 3 months after operation., Results: The operation time and intraoperative blood loss of external fixation group were significantly less than those of internal fixation group ( P <0.05). All patients were followed up 9-16 months, with an average of 12 months. There were 2 cases of delayed healing in the internal fixation group and 1 case of delayed healing in the external fixation group, and all healed after symptomatic treatment. All patients in the two groups had no complication such as needle infection, nonunion at osteotomy, osteomyelitis, and so on. At last follow-up, MFTA standard was used to evaluate the recovery of force line. The results of external fixation group were all excellent, while the results of internal fixation group were excellent in 10 cases and good in 4 cases. The difference between the two groups was significant ( Z =-2.258, P =0.024). The HSS scores in the two groups were significantly improved at each time point after operation, and gradually improved with time after operation ( P <0.05). The HSS score of the external fixation group was significantly higher than that of the internal fixation group ( t =2.425, P =0.022) at 3 months after operation; and there was no significant difference between the two groups at other time points ( P >0.05)., Conclusion: TSF has unique advantages in HTO treatment of MCOA patients and correction of lower extremity force line, such as shorter operation time, less bleeding, firm fixation, and less complications. It can accurately adjust the lower extremity force line after operation and has good effectiveness. It is an effective and safe fixation method.