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High winds are a type of catastrophic weather characterized by wind speeds over 10.8 m·s−1, occurring in all seasons, and have become more frequent, impacting crop growth, agricultural production and quality of life. It is crucial to understand the spatial and temporal distribution patterns of high winds, as well as their speed and other characteristics, for logical planning of agricultural production and the creation of disaster resilience measures. This study applied the climate tendency, accumulative anomalies, theory of run, Mann–Kendall trend and Theil–Sen median to analyse the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of the average wind speed and high wind days in Jilin Province, the probability of occurrence of high winds of various magnitudes in different eras, and the gale concentration degree (GCD) throughout Jilin Province for a total of 40 years from 1982 to 2021. The average wind speed and number of high wind days in Jilin Province have decreased over the past 40 years, and this trend has slowed over time. The average GCD in Jilin Province has shown an increasing trend over the last 40 years, with the average GCD being highest in Liouhe and lowest in Linjiang. In general, level six high winds were the main wind hazard level in Jilin Province, with the highest frequency occurring in different seasons and decades. In addition, the occurrence of high wind days is affected by global climate change and different underlying surfaces, which leads to maize and yield reduction. Research on the spatiotemporal distribution of high winds can provide important suggestions for the prevention and management of high wind disasters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An ideal wearable/implantable bio‐diagnostics can be powered by second skin‐like energy devices in that they offer advantages such as conformal attachment/integration, lightweightness, and moduli‐matching properties. Past several years have witnessed encouraging progresses in soft stretchable supercapacitors by various material combinations and design strategies; however, it remains nontrivial to achieve highly flexible high‐performance supercapacitors in a skin‐thin layout yet with multifunctionality. Here, such a second skin‐like electrochromic supercapacitor is demonstrated using self‐assembled vertical gold nanowires (v‐AuNWs) and electrodeposited polyaniline (PANI). The v‐AuNW film is highly conductive yet offers great flexibility and deformability, while PANI plays a dual role in enhancing capacitance and as charge/discharge‐level indicator. The assembled supercapacitors offer superior skin‐conformability and could achieve an areal specific capacitance of 11.76 mF cm−2 (scan rate of 10 mV s−1) with high durability. A second skin‐like wearable tattoo energy device can be designed with negligible performance deterioration under multiple hand movements and skin deformations. A second skin‐like electrochromic supercapacitor is successfully fabricated using vertically aligned gold nanowires and electrodeposited polyaniline. The nanowire film is highly conductive with outstanding softness and skin‐conformability serving as a current collector, while polyaniline provides pseudocapacitance and serves as a charge/discharge‐level indicator. The supercapacitor exhibits negligible performance deterioration under various skin deformations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Stretchable fiber conductors are appealing in the field of soft electronics due to their potential to be woven into fabrics leading to smart textile electronics. Coating highly conductive metal films onto elastic polymer fibers can be a potential strategy, however, it is nontrivial to achieve strong metal/polymer adhesion to avoid interfacial failure under large mechanical strains. Here, a novel moss‐inspired gold‐coating strategy by using an ultrathin gold nanowires (AuNWs)‐seeded electroless deposition strategy to fabricate stretchable fiber conductors in a dry spinning process is reported. By optimizing Hildebrand's and Hansen's solubility parameter, the AuNWs are dispersed well in an elastomer matrix leading to the efficient scalable production of AuNWs‐impregnated elastomeric fibers. Remarkably, these AuNWs can serve as "seeds" to promote conformal electroless deposition of gold films to substantially enhance the fiber conductivity. Such gold films resemble moss exhibiting strong adhesion to elastomeric polymer fibers because they have AuNWs roots embedded in the polymer matrix. With prestrained fibers, directional cracks along the axis are found, but they can be repaired reversibly when strains are reapplied. This leads to substantial conductivity enhancement. The fiber conductors can be woven into an everyday glove to exhibit superior strain‐insensitivity without changing the intensity of the light‐emitting diode under severe deformations. A moss‐inspired stretchable fiber conductor is fabricated in a dry spinning process together with a following ultrathin gold nanowires (AuNWs)‐seeded electroless deposition process. A seed‐root interfacial design of AuNWs and polymer enables the growth of gold films to enhance conductivity. The conductivity extraordinarily increases with the increase of strain in a large range, exhibiting significant potentials in wearable devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traditional electrochemical biosensing electrodes (e.g., gold disk, glassy carbon electrode, etc.) can undergo sophisticated design to detect chemicals/biologicals from cells. However, such electrodes are typically rigid and nonstretchable, rendering it challenging to detect cellular activities in real-time and in situ when cells are in mechanically deformed states. Here, we report a new stretchable electrochemical cell-sensing platform based on vertically aligned gold nanowires embedded in PDMS (v-AuNWs/PDMS). Using H 2 O 2 as a model analyte, we show that the v-AuNWs/PDMS electrode can display an excellent sensing performance with a wide linear range, from 40 μM to 15 mM, and a high sensitivity of 250 mA/cm 2 /M at a potential of -0.3 V. Moreover, living cells can grow directly on our stretchable high-surface area electrodes with strong adhesion, demonstrating their excellent biocompatibility. Further cell stimulation by adding chemicals induced H 2 O 2 generation, which can be detected in real-time and in situ using our v-AuNWs/PDMS platform for both natural and stretched states of cells. Our results indicate the v-AuNWs/PDMS electrochemical biosensor may serve as a general cell-sensing platform for living organisms under deformed states.