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Marriage, as the most crucial event in one's lifetime, not only has a significant effect on one's future consumer preferences but also changes one's consumer decisions. This paper addresses how individuals change their expenditure when the marital status changes, three models are developed to explore this issue based on the equilibrium of current consumption and consumption purpose with the consideration of income growth, expenditure on public goods and mating competitiveness for males and females. By selecting the married group in the panel data of China Family Panel Studies between 2016 and 2018, we use the propensity score to match all the married individuals during the 2 years and search a control group for each of them and, in addition, use the difference-in-differences (DID) method to examine the effects of marriage on individuals' personal and public consumption. Benefiting to the model fitting the data relatively well, the results show that individual's expenditure raises by 24% when married, with highly increasing items in public goods. At last, males cost 11.4% more than females after their marriage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hot exciton materials have gained widespread attention in the field of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) on the strength of the effective triplet exciton utilization via rapid high-lying excited state reverse intersystem crossing (hRISC) processes. However, the development of hot exciton materials is subject to the lack of a practicable molecular design strategy as well as guidelines, and current material design and screening often have to rely on an experimental trial-and-error process. Taking the proposed heterocycle aromaticity design strategy as a foundation, we systematically investigated the role of non-conjugated functional groups on the fluorescence behavior and exciton dynamics based on a series of pyrazoline hot exciton materials using both theoretical and experimental evidence. Results show that beyond the steric resistance effect, as envisioned, these non-conjugated functional groups also play a crucial role in triplet manipulation via enriching the hRISC channels. A series of new blue-emitting hot exciton materials were successfully fabricated with a high luminous efficiency in the solid state (up to 87%). These findings not only provide an important supplement to the proposed heterocycle aromaticity strategy but also offer some insights into rational excited state manipulation, which could be used to design and develop new luminescent materials for OLED applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

(Zr0.6336Cu0.1452Ni0.1012Al0.12)97.4Er2.6 bulk metallic glass (BMG) was prepared by copper mold suction casting, and the effects of sub-Tg annealing and cryogenic thermal cycle (CTC) treatment on its microstructure and properties were investigated. Although the specimens after annealing and CTC treatment did not have significant changes in the amorphous structure, the treated specimens exhibited excellent compressive plastic strain of 16.44 and 19.08%, representing an enhancement of 22.59 and 42.28% compared with the as-cast specimens. The change in plasticity was closely related to the arrangement of atoms and the content and distribution of the free volume caused by sub-Tg annealing and CTC treatment. The corrosion resistance of the specimen was further optimized after sub-Tg annealing and CTC treatment and gradually increased with the increase of annealing temperature and the CTC times. This work demonstrated that appropriate annealing temperature and CTC conditions could be used as an effective and controllable way to modulate the mechanical properties of BMGs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Thymidylate synthase (TYMS) is involved in the malignant process of multiple cancers, and has gained much attention as a cancer treatment target. However, the mechanism in carcinogenesis of esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC) is little reported. The present study was to clear the biological roles and carcinogenic mechanism of TYMS in ESCC, and explored the possibility to use TYMS as a tumor marker in diagnosis and a drug target for the treatment of ESCC. Methods: Stably TYMS-overexpression cells established by lentivirus transduction were used for the analysis of cell proliferation. RNA sequencing was performed to explore the possible carcinogenic mechanisms. Results: GEPIA databases analysis showed that TYMS expression in esophageal cancer tissues was higher than that in normal tissues. The MTT assay, colony formation assay, and nude mouse subcutaneous tumor model found that the overexpression of TYMS increased cell proliferation. Transcriptome sequencing analysis revealed that the promoted cell proliferation in TYMS-overexpression ESCC cells were mediated through activating genes expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and Nrf2 dependent antioxidant enzymes to relieve oxidative stress, which was confirmed by increased glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activities, and reduced reactive oxygen species. Nrf2 active inhibitors (ML385) used in TYMS-overexpression cells inhibited the expression of Nrf2-dependent antioxidant enzyme genes, thereby increasing oxidative stress and blocking cell proliferation. Conclusion: Our study indicated a novel and effective regulatory capacity of TYMS in the cell proliferation of ESCC by relieving oxidative stress through activating expression of Nrf2 and Nrf2-dependent antioxidant enzymes genes. These properties make TYMS and Nrf2 as appealing targets for ESCC clinical chemotherapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]