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Traditional treatment methods for mental disorders include pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy. However, some patients are unable to effectively control their symptoms. Neuromodulation technique, which can be implemented through invasive or non⁃invasive approaches, have shown promise in improving the psychiatric symptoms of individuals with mental illnesses by intervening in neural circuits. This paper summarizes the current applications of neuromodulation technique for various mental disorders, including obsessive⁃compulsive disorder, depression, Tourette's syndrome, bipolar affective disorder, autism spectrum disorder, substance dependence and schizophrenia. Additionally, it analyzes the prospects and challenges of neuromodulation technique in the treatment of mental disorders, with the aim of guiding future neuromodulation therapy for mental disorders.

Abstract Electrostriction is an important electro-mechanical property in poly (vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) films, which describes the proportional relation between the electro-stimulated deformation and the square of the electric field. Generally, traditional methods to improve the electrostriction of PVDF either sacrifice other crystalline-related key properties or only influence minimal regions around the surface. Here, we design a unique electret structure to fully exploit the benefits of internal crystal in PVDF films. Through the 3D printing of charged ink, we have obtained the best electrostrictive and ferroelectric properties among PVDF-based materials so far. The optimized electrostrictive coefficient M 33 (324 × 10−18 m2 V−2) is 104 times that of normal PVDF films, and the piezoelectric constant d 33 (298 pm V−1) is close to 10 times its traditional limit. The proposed 3D electret structure and the bottom-up approach to ‘print the charge’ open up a new way to design and adapt the electroactive polymers in smart devices and systems.

[Objective] This study aims to explore the impact of grazing enclosure on plant community structure and soil water conservation function in alpine steppe in the Qinghai Lake region, and to evaluate the effects of grazing enclosure on the restoration of the degraded grassland in Qinghai Lake. [Methods] By setting up free grazing and different years of enclosure in the alpine grassland on the north bank of the Qinghai Lake, we analyzed the effects of enclosure measures on plant species, biomass, functional groups, soil bulk density, water holding capacity, porosity, and other indicators. [Results] (1) With the increasing of enclosure time, the number of species in the alpine steppe was decreased, the vegetation cover, above-ground biomass, and below-ground biomass were first increased and then decreased. The percentage of grasses in the community was gradually increased. (2) The effects of grazing exclusion on soil moisture characteristics of alpine steppe were mainly concentrated in the 0-20 cm depth. With the increase of grazing exclusion time, soil bulk density at 0-20 cm was decreased gradually, soil saturated water holding capacity, capillary water holding capacity, field water holding capacity, and total porosity at 0-10 cm was first increased and then stabilized. (3) Soil bulk density was the most important soil water characteristic factor affecting the vegetation community structure in the alpine steppe. [Conclusion] From the view of vegetation community structure, the grazing exclusion time in the alpine steppe in Qinghai Lake may not exceed 7 years, and moderate disturbance might be allowed after 7 years of grazing exclusion.

Gibberellins (GA) are known to play crucial roles in various aspects of plant growth and development. The cytochrome P450 enzyme family is recognized for its significance in plant metabolic processes. Specifically, CYP701s, a subgroup of CYP71, encode ent-kaurene oxidase in the gibberellin synthesis pathway. In this study, we analyzed genomic data from 30 Gossypium species, including nine allotetraploid genomes (AD1-AD7, with two each for AD1 and AD2), 21 diploid genomes (A-G, K, with two A-genomes and 12 D-genomes), and Gossypioides kirkii genome as an outgroup for evolutionary analysis, totaling 31 genomes. Subsequently, 40 CYP701A1 genes were identified from various genomes and conducted a comprehensive analysis of their structure and evolution. Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) technology was utilized to knock out the GhCYP701A1 gene in Gossypium hirsutum ac TM-1. Subsequent analysis revealed changes in hormone content, with decreased gibberellin levels and notable increases in auxin, cytokinin, and jasmonic acid contents. Conversely, salicylic acid content decreased, while the precursor for ethylene synthesis, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC), remained relatively stable. Transcriptome analysis of the gene silencing plants identified 15,962 differentially expressed genes, including 8376 upregulated and 7586 downregulated genes. Enrichment analysis through KEGG pathway highlighted ‘Plant hormone signal transduction’ as a prominent pathway with 234 differentially expressed genes. The study provided insights into the function and regulatory network of the gene.

To promote the development and application of continuous monitoring technologies for CO2 emissions from thermal power plants in China and support the establishment of a carbon emission statistics and accounting system in the country, this study analyzes the international experience in the continuous monitoring of CO2 emissions from thermal power plants using literature research, expert discussion, and technical interpretation, with a focus on the United States and the European Union. The analysis covers eight aspects: types of units applying the technology, formulation of implementation standards, measures for dealing with failures, selection of monitoring technologies, research on key technologies, support for the low-carbon development of thermal power plants, verification of monitoring reports, and evaluation of measurement accuracy. Drawing on international beneficial experience and considering the current status of continuous monitoring of CO2 emissions from thermal power plants in China, the study proposes the following suggestions: (1) formulating supporting policies and regulations while considering the characteristics of technology application and the actual situation of thermal power plants in China, (2) accelerating the improvement in technical implementation standards and specifications to enhance the guiding and supporting role of standards, (3) strengthening the statistical analysis of the measurements using existing flue gas flow meters to provide references for relevant work, (4) enhancing research on flue gas flow measurement in thermal power plants to improve the technical level of continuous monitoring of CO2 emissions, (5) promoting the application of digital technologies in the verification of monitoring reports to support closed-loop management of continuous monitoring of CO2 emissions, and (6) improving the evaluation standards system for measurement accuracy of continuous emission monitoring systems to enhance the international recognition of China’s carbon emission data.

The power grid CO2 emission factor is a critical parameter for accurately calculating indirect emissions from the electricity consumption side, serving as a core indicator for precisely quantifying the CO2 emission pathways at the consumption side. This study explores the temporal and spatial characteristics of the province-level power-grid CO2 emission factors from 2020 to 2035 and compares them with official-source factors. Moreover, it integrates historical direct-emission data to accurately quantify the importance of indirect emissions from the electricity consumption side. Additionally, it predicts the province-level indirect emissions and emission pathways under different scenarios from 2020 to 2035, quantifying the impacts of power grid CO2 emission factors with distinct temporal and spatial accuracies on provincial emission pathways. The results indicate that: (1) from 2020 to 2035, the power grid CO2 emission factors of all provinces are expected to exhibit sustained decreasing trends, and there are disparities between the existing publicly available power-grid CO2 emission factors and provincial levels in the study. (2) From 2010 to 2020, the indirect emissions from electricity consumption and their proportions in net electricity-importing provinces had gradually increased, with Beijing, Shanghai, and Zhejiang province having the largest proportions. (3) Under Scenarios 1 (constant power-grid CO2 emission factors on the national level) and 3 (constant power-grid CO2 emission factors on the provincial level), the indirect emissions from electricity consumption and total emissions of all provinces will be significantly higher than the estimated results in Scenarios 2 (dynamic power-grid CO2 emission factor on the national level) and 4 (dynamic power-grid CO2 emission factor on the provincial level). The estimation results of Scenarios 1 and 2 are projected to differ significantly from those of Scenarios 3 and 4. For provinces with large proportions of indirect emissions from electricity consumption, such as Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangdong, selecting power grid CO2 emission factors with different spatial accuracies is expected to have noticeable impacts on their total emissions, further leading to shifts in their peaking years. The research results can provide a reference for supporting the planning of carbon peaking pathways in various provinces and reducing the uncertainty in indirect emission forecasts.

Icing of aircraft engine fuel system is a key problem in air transportation, which is related to the safety and reliability of flight. The relevant standards, regulations and research progress of icing in aircraft engine fuel system are mainly introduced in this paper. Firstly, combined with domestic and foreign relevant standards and icing test process and other aspects, the similarities and differences of civil aircraft and military aircraft in design criteria are described. Then, the latest progress of icing research on fuel system is described in detail from the aspects of icing mechanism, ice growth and adhesion test. Finally, the key research direction in the future of green, intelligent and fine icing test standard of engine fuel system are pointed out, and the related research of engine fuel system icing is prospected.

The theory of aircraft icing and its disaster mechanisms are crucial for preventing icing accidents and enhancing flight performance. The research progress on the flow field characteristics under different icing conditions and special wing configurations are systematically summarized in this paper. It is pointed out that, the actual three-dimensional ice shapes are complex, have multiple structural features, and coupling mechanisms with separated flow and turbulence structures should be further studied. The aerodynamic performance analysis of special wings under supercooled large droplet conditions is the significant future research direction. Turbulence field analysis focuses on identifying instability characteristics of the icing wing flow field and multi-scale structural interaction mechanisms. Exploring the ice-flow coupling mechanism is of reference value for developing multi-factor, multi-parameter, and multi-scale icing prediction and computational models.

In response to the challenge of sulfide removal from oilwell produced wastewater, a segmented progressive sulfide removal process was adopted to treat the oilwell produced wastewater through UASB bioreactor and biomimetic reactor for segmented progressive reflux treatment. The experimental results showed that under the conditions of adopting the segmented progressive sulfide removal process, adjusting the S/N ratio of 5.2∶2 in the produced wastewater,supplementing a certain amount of HCO3-, and setting the reflux ratio of 2.7∶1, the removal efficiency of sulfide (S2-) in the produced wastewater arrived to 95.8%, and the maximum sulfide volumetric load was 6.46 kg/(m3·d). The removal efficiency of nitrate (NO3--N) reached 99.6%, with the maximum nitrate volumetric load of 1.13 kg/(m3·d). The key metabolite of sulfide metabolism was elemental sulfur, with a recovery rate of 83.8%, which was verified by SEM and XRD simultaneously, and followed by SO42- and S2O32-. While the key metabolite of nitrate metabolism was N2, with a yield of 72.4%, and followed by NO2-. The new process not only solved the problem of efficient removal of sulfide and nitrate from the produced wastewater, but also realized resource recovery(S0) and non-pollution emission of metabolic end products(such as N2).

Purposes The sparse feature map established by using VSLAM cannot be directly used for navigation, and the existing methods of converting sparse feature maps into grid maps for navigation suffer from low accuracy of map construction, resulting in the failure to achieve accurate navigation. An improved ORB-SLAM3 navigation method is proposed based on multi-convex combined maximum correntropy criterion (MCMCC), which can realize the construction, positioning, and navigation of indoor real-time mapping on the embedded device with only a RGB-D camera. Methods The proposed method uses the back-end optimization algorithm based on MCMCC to combat the influence of non-Gaussian noises and to further improve the mapping accuracy of ORB-SLAM. Subsequently, in the process of converting the sparse feature map into a grid map, the grid map is updated with the loop detection information to improve the grid map accuracy for accurate navigation. Findings Furthermore, simulation and real scene experiments have been carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.

The concentration of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in the air significantly affects environmental protection and public health. Current methods for NO2 concentration prediction lack sufficient characterization of spatiotemporal correlations. Therefore, this study proposes a novel approach using interval type-2 intuitionistic fuzzy neural networks (IT2IFNNs) for spatiotemporal prediction of NO2 concentrations. Firstly, the framework of IT2IFNNs is elucidated, incorporating variable coefficient weighting for its membership and non-membership outputs, and employing a random vector functional-link neural network (RVFLNN) as the rule consequent. Secondly, a hierarchical clustering algorithm is employed to determine the fuzzy rule base and optimize the output weight values of the network consequents using least squares estimation. Finally, numerical validation is conducted using real NO2 concentration data collected in Beijing from January to March 2018. Experimental results demonstrate that compared to existing methods, the proposed approach achieves superior prediction accuracy and efficiency in both short-term and long-term spatiotemporal prediction tasks.

The Co/Zn-MOFs material was synthesized successfully via the solvothermal method and then underwent calcination at 900 °C. To investigate its structural properties, multiple characterization techniques were applied, such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms. These analyses aimed to assess the features of the carbon material for its efficacy in minocycline removal. The experimental findings demonstrated that the ideal conditions for maximizing minocycline adsorption on the carbon material obtained from Co/Zn-MOFs comprised a dosage of 20 mg, a solution concentration of 50 ppm, and a pH level of 10. Furthermore, kinetic studies revealed that the pseudo-second-order model accurately represented the experimental data. In conclusion, this research underscores the remarkable adsorption capability of the carbon material derived from Co/Zn-MOFs for minocycline, indicating potential applications in environmental cleanup and presenting an innovative approach for environmental preservation.

The synthesis of Fe-MOFs (metal-organic frameworks) was conducted using a solution heat method, followed by characterization through XRD (X-ray diffraction), SEM (scanning electron microscopy), and TG (thermogravimetry) analysis techniques. Subsequently, the Fe-MOFs were employed for norfloxacin removal. The experimental findings demonstrate that theoretical simulations of norfloxacin adsorption by Fe-MOFs involved the application of pseudo-first kinetic model, pseudo-second kinetic model, and adsorption isotherm. Chemisorption was identified as the primary mechanism observed. Notably, a maximum adsorption capacity of 197.7 mg g-1 was achieved at pH 10. These results underscore the practical feasibility of utilizing Fe-MOFs in applications related to norfloxacin adsorption.

In this study, high-throughput sequencing technology and statistical analysis were employed to explore the effects of adding green tea at proportions of 10%, 20%, and 30% on physicochemical characteristics, bacterial community diversity and succession of Daqu during fermentation compared with pure wheat Daqu (control). The results showed that the addition of green tea significantly increased the bacterial community diversity of Daqu and improved its saccharification capacity, moisture content and acidity. However, the increase in tea addition did not exhibit a proportional relationship with the community diversity. The unique evolutionary structure of the bacterial communities in different types of Daqu was found to be the major factor affecting the physicochemical characteristics of Daqu. During the fermentation process, all four Daqu exhibited differentiation in bacterial community succession starting from the thermophilic stage, thereby leading to the formation of their unique community structure at the end of the fermentation process. The phyla Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidota, and Actinobacteria showed varying influences on the community succession of the four Daqu samples, thus making each of them have different physicochemical characteristics. Specifically, Pseudomonas was an important bacterial genus contributing to the physicochemical characteristics of the control and 10% tea Daqu, while Weissella and Pediococcus, were important contributors to the physicochemical characteristics of the 20% tea Daqu. Bacillus was found to be a significant bacterial genus contributing to the physicochemical characteristics of the 30% tea Daqu. This study provides a theoretical basis for process optimization in the production of tea-added Daqu and for the development of multi-raw material fermentation starters. It also has implications for improving the preparation process of Daqu and the application of tea in Daqu making.

Low-resistance layers are common in Late Paleozoic transitional coal measures in eastern North China. To clarify their genesis types, controlling factors and geological significance can fully reveal the geological information contained therein, which is of positive significance for the evaluation and exploration deployment of oil and gas resources in the relevant layers. Taking the low-resistance layers in the Taiyuan and Shanxi Formation in eastern North China as research object, their genesis types, controlling factors and geological significance were investigated based on the comprehensive use of cores, thin sections, SEM, carbon and oxygen isotopes and logging data. The results show that low-resistance layers in the Late Paleozoic transitional coal measures in eastern North China are mainly developed in the Tai 1 Member and the Shan 2 Member, and the genesis types include thin interbedding of sandstone and mudstone, high bound water volume and the development of conductive minerals, sedimentation and diagenesis control the formation of the low-resistance layers. The low resistivity of the Tai 1 Member can be attributed to thin interbedding of sandstone and mudstone and high bound water volume, tidal stratification and abundant micro-pore caused by tidal action promote the formation of low resistance in Tai 1 member under the barrier coast background. The low resistivity of the Shan 2 Member can be attributed to the dense development of siderite, stably reducing environment in water column and diagenetic evolution of sedimentary organic matter jointly control the formation of low resistance in the Shan 2 Member under the delta background. The low resistivity and high capillary bound water volume of the Tai 1 Member indicates tidal flat deposition, suggesting that the sedimentary evolution of the Taiyuan Formation is a process of regression, which is in response to the rapid expansion of Gondwana glacier and rapid global sea level fall in the early stage of early Permian. The low resistivity and high photoelectric absorption cross-section index of the Shan 2 Member indicates deltaic front deposition, suggesting that the Shanxi Formation consists of one phase of delta deposition.

Among all the English translations of Liaozhai Zhiyi, Giles’ and Minford’s translations received the most reviews from Western readers. Their translations are rich in peritexts, which make up a large proportion of the two translations. Based on Genette’s Paratexts theory and Batchelor’s latest research in this field, this article examines the two translations’ peritext strategy, main functions, and efficacy in the reception of Liaozhai Zhiyi with a view to seeing the roles that two types of peritexts play in the dissemination and reception of the book in English world. Looking closer to the two translations’ peritext strategies, including covers, acknowledgments, prefaces, introductions, notes, illustrations, and appendices, the author summarizes five main functions of the peritexts: to reveal to some extent the translator’s translating aims, to show the commissioner’s peritext strategies, to spread Chinese culture, and to consciously or unconsciously manifest socio-cultural context. In addition, the article, through contrastively analyzing readers’ reviews of two translations’ peritexts, concludes that the efficacy of the peritexts in Minford’s translation is much better than that in Giles’ translation, which means that the former may, to a large degree, help promote the reception of Liaozhai Zhiyi, while the latter may not. It is also anticipated that the research pattern can be used in the study of the roles peritexts and epitexts play in the reception of a wider genre of Chinese works so as to facilitate the going-global of Chinese works and culture.

Interatomic potential is a key component of large-scale atomic simulation of materials. For scientific problems in complex environments such as high temperature，high pressure and irradiation，the interactions between atoms are often very complex. The empirical force field only considers two-body，three-body or four-body interactions between atoms. The physical assumption is simple，and it is often difficult to accurately describe the potential energy surface of complex environment. Machine learning force fields can obtain potential energy surfaces that are more accurate than empirical force fields. In this paper，a machine learning force field based on physical model is proposed for BaZrO3，the most common perovskite system，to describe the static properties，phase stability and mechanical properties of BaZrO3. The density functional theory database is used to train the machine learning force field based on physical model，and the static properties，phase stability and mechanical properties are calculated. For the static properties，the elastic constants C11，C12 and C44 were computed using both a pure machine-learning force field and a machine-learning force field based on a physical model，and the simulation results were much better than the empirical force field when compared to the DFT with errors of 0.34%，8.75% and 10.71% for the former，and 0.34%，2.5% and 7.14% for the latter. As for the phase stability，it is found that the machine learning force field based on physical model inherits the advantage of the empirical force field in maintaining the phase stability，which is better than the pure machine learning force field. For mechanical properties，Young's modulus of four different crystal directions of BaZrO3 are calculated. It was found that the errors between the calculated and experimental values for the machine learning force field and the machine learning force field based on the physical model were 9.22% and 1.6%，which were much lower than the results of the empirical force field. It can be seen that integrating physical models into the development of machine learning force field is an important way to improve the accuracy of atomic simulations.

The Zn/Cr-MOFs/TiO2 composites were synthesized using the solvothermal method. XRD, FTIR, and SEM techniques were utilized to characterize the Zn/Cr-MOFs/TiO2 composites employed for simulating levofloxacin hydrochloride in wastewater. The impact of the mass of the Zn/Cr-MOFs/TiO2 composite, concentration of levofloxacin hydrochloride, solution pH, and temperature on the adsorption performance was investigated. Experimental findings indicated that at pH 6, the maximum removal efficiency of levofloxacin hydrochloride by the Zn/Cr-MOFs/TiO2 composite was achieved at 88.8%, with an adsorption capacity of 246.3 mg/g. To analyze the experimental data, both pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetics models were applied, revealing that the pseudo-second-order model provided a better fit to the data. Additionally, Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were used to study equilibrium adsorption behavior and showed good agreement with both kinetic modeling and Langmuir isotherm analysis results. These observations suggest that monolayer adsorption predominates during the removal process of levofloxacin hydrochloride by Zn/Cr-MOFs/TiO2 composites.

An arc is constructed at the end of the planetary wheel profile shaft of the planetary traction drive, and the contact point between the arc and the outer ring and the end face of the solar wheel shaft is kept on the radial traction contact line. A new type of a more compact bearing reducer is designed by replacing thrust bearings cleverly. In this study, the radial contact stress and flange stress of the contact line are analyzed based on the assembly interference, the full arc element line modification and the influence of the contact line edge chamfering. Several sets of 3D ideal models are established and analyzed by Abaqus software. The results show that the edge stress concentration exists in the contact lines of the outer ring, planetary wheel and solar wheel of the bearing reducer. Reasonable contact-element trimming and edge chamfering can make contact stress uniform and improve edge effect. The best way to improve the contact stress of traction drives is to modify the contact element and chamfering the edge simultaneously. The distribution and size of the contact stress at the flange are basically the same under different convexity modification, and the axial and radial contacts between the contact line of the planet wheel and the outer ring and the contact line of the sun wheel and the flange can remain on a traction line.

Abstract Currently, the major challenge in terms of research on K‐ion batteries is to ensure that they possess satisfactory cycle stability and specific capacity, especially in terms of the intrinsically sluggish kinetics induced by the large radius of K+ ions. Here, we explore high‐performance K‐ion half/full batteries with high rate capability, high specific capacity, and extremely durable cycle stability based on carbon nanosheets with tailored N dopants, which can alleviate the change of volume, increase electronic conductivity, and enhance the K+ ion adsorption. The as‐assembled K‐ion half‐batteries show an excellent rate capability of 468 mA h g−1 at 100 mA g−1, which is superior to those of most carbon materials reported to date. Moreover, the as‐assembled half‐cells have an outstanding life span, running 40,000 cycles over 8 months with a specific capacity retention of 100% at a high current density of 2000 mA g−1, and the target full cells deliver a high reversible specific capacity of 146 mA h g−1 after 2000 cycles over 2 months, with a specific capacity retention of 113% at a high current density of 500 mA g−1, both of which are state of the art in the field of K‐ion batteries. This study might provide some insights into and potential avenues for exploration of advanced K‐ion batteries with durable stability for practical applications.

Crop plant breeding involves selecting and developing new plant varieties with desirable traits such as increased yield, improved disease resistance, and enhanced nutritional value. With the development of high-throughput technologies, such as genomics, transcriptomics, and metabolomics, crop breeding has entered a new era. However, to effectively use these technologies, integration of multi-omics data from different databases is required. Integration of omics data provides a comprehensive understanding of the biological processes underlying plant traits and their interactions. This review highlights the importance of integrating omics databases in crop plant breeding, discusses available omics data and databases, describes integration challenges, and highlights recent developments and potential benefits. Taken together, the integration of omics databases is a critical step towards enhancing crop plant breeding and improving global food security.

Resin transfer molding（RTM）process is a major molding process in the manufacture of resin-based composites, and the simulation of this process can play a key role in the process of optimization for the design of RTM parts. This paper independently developed a three-dimensional non-isothermal RTM simulation model based on the control volume/ finite element method（CV/FEM）on the basis of two-dimensional isothermal RTM program. Based on the Darcy equation, the continuity equation, the energy conservation equation, the curing reaction equation and multiple rheological curing models, the simulation model adopts semi-discrete method and three convergence criteria to effectively solve the problems of mold preheating and resin non-isothermal in the non-isothermal RTM simulation process. For the simulation problems such as viscosity changing and curing heat release during the filling process, the simulation function has reached the level of similar international products. After the application verifications of the flat plate test piece and casing simulation, this simulation model can simulate filling time, velocity and pressure of RTM process that is the same as the products in the world. This simulation model basically has the ability of simulation for the actual complex structure parts.

The multi-energy complementary demonstra-tion projects of wind-solar-water-thermal-energy storage focuses on the development from the power side, and forms a complementary operation mode by using wind energy, solar energy, hydropower, coal to generate electricity. Multi-energy complementarity can effectively solve the problems of wind abandoning, light abandoning, water abandoning and power limiting, promote the absorption of renewable energy nearby, realize the stable delivery of electricity and improve the comprehensive utilization efficiency of energy. This paper summarized the connotation construction principles of multi-energy complementarity, detailed the development status and existing problems of the first batch of multi-energy complementarity demonstration projects, and analyzed in detail the development paths of different modes of multi-energy complementarity projects. This paper focused on the evaluation of wind and solar resources, new energy site planning, total installed capacity and optimal power ratio, optimal allocation of energy storage, coordinated control technology to ensure safety and stability and economic evaluation indicators of the project, so as to extract the general process and development mode suitable for the construction and promotion of multi-energy complementary projects. Finally, some summary and suggestions were put forward from the aspects of top-level design, market mechanism and operation management.

In this study, Co/Cd-MOFs were synthesized via a solvothermal method. The resulting material was subjected to calcination at 900 °C for 2 h and characterized using FT-IR, XRD, and SEM techniques to assess its efficacy in moxifloxacin removal. The experimental findings revealed that the maximum adsorption capacity of Co/Cd-MOFs for moxifloxacin was observed at 350.4 mg/g within a 5 h timeframe. Furthermore, the analysis based on the pseudo-second-order kinetic model demonstrated that the adsorption process adhered to this specific model. Additionally, the adsorption isotherm analysis indicated that Freundlich multilayer adsorption provided the best description of the interaction between moxifloxacin and the Co/Cd-MOF material. These experimental and theoretical results collectively suggest that employing Co/Cd-MOFs as adsorbents holds promise for wastewater treatment applications.

In this paper, the multi-objective optimization algorithm is first used to construct a multi-objective dynamic optimization model algorithm for enterprise coal resource development in the context of infrastructure construction, to implement optimization of multiple objectives of coal enterprises based on variable descriptions, objective functions, and constraints, and also to study the extent and utilization of coal resource exploration and development. Then the coal development example based on a multi-objective optimization algorithm is analyzed, and the effectiveness of this scheme is verified by analyzing the relationship between coal mining volume and recovery rate. The results show that the coal mining volume and coal mining speed are both increasing and then decreasing in the process of advancing the working face from 200m to 500m, and the coal mining volume gradually increases with the coal mining in the working face hollow area, and the retrieval speed is consistent with the changing trend of coal mining, which indicates that this study has reference value for safe and efficient mining and efficient resource recovery in coal mines.

With the development and progress of society, traditional painting creation techniques cannot realize the development needs of modern society for paintings, and it is necessary to constantly innovate and improve the painting creation techniques. Based on the structure of the generative adversarial network, this paper utilizes the one-dimensional midpoint substitution method and dichotomous method to generate the rock outline in painting creation and combines the generative adversarial network to establish the style migration model of modern painting creation techniques and morphological language. Unity was used to construct the validation dataset, and for the style migration of painting creation techniques, we verified it in terms of stroke curvature, FID value, and peak signal-to-noise ratio, and analyzed the evolution of painting creation techniques and morphology language. The results show that the difference in stroke curvature before and after the contour migration of painting creation techniques is 3.27, the peak signal-to-noise ratio reaches 25.43 dB, and the evolution of comprehensive painting in creation techniques is in an upward trend, with an average annual growth rate of 13.07% from 2012 to 2020. Generative adversarial networks can be used in modern painting creation techniques to increase the richness of paintings and establish a spiritual connection between painters and audiences.

Venturi-type bubble generator as well as its performance has been received wide attentions by engineers and researchers in recent decades. In this paper, experimental research was carried out to study flow regime and pressure drop of the gas-liquid (air-water) twophase through a Venturi bubble generator. The bubble generator was designed with a rectangular cross section, and the gas was injected into the high speed water flow from the throat section of the Venturi. Interface distribution and dynamic processes of bubbles were observed with a high speed camera, and the static pressures of inlet, throat and outlet of the bubble generator were measured by pressure sensors. Such three basic regimes as bubbly, slug and column are preliminarily identified in the bubble generator by visual experimental observations. A significant increase of the pressure drop of the bubble generator is found in the experiment when the flow regime transformed from slug into column. In order to identify the flow regime of the bubble generator, time frequency of pressure signal was analyzed, and it is found that the outlet section of the bubble generator is confirmed as the most favorable position for pressure signal on-line monitoring. A relative kurtosis of probability density function and a coefficient of variation of power spectrum density strongly associated with flow regime transition were extracted from the pressure signals, and they were applied to identify slug-column and bubbly-slug transition, respectively. Since the traditional pressure drop models can’t precisely predict the whole pressure drop of the Venturi bubble generator, a new pressure drop prediction method is proposed. The effects of partial liquid single-phase flow and flow regime transition on the pressure drop prediction are considered in the new correlation by introduced two modified parameters, ′ and θ′, respectively. Both of the two modified parameters were fitted from the current experimental results. Prediction results of the new correlation agree well with those of the experiments with a relative root mean square deviation of 10.74%. The new correlation is applied to the two-phase flow under conditions of normal temperature and 1-1 times of atmospheric pressure, while the liquid flow Reynolds number ranges from 1.7×104 to 7.0×104 and the low mass quality ranges from 0 to 5.1×10-5. The new method proposed in this paper for predicting pressure drop of the device regarding gas-liquid two-phase flow can provide theoretical bases and references for the online monitoring of the similar device.

In order to study the damage evolution law of coal and the influence of low temperature treatment on the mechanical and seepage properties of coal, the acoustic emission characteristics of coal samples during low temperature treatment and the mechanical and seepage properties of coal samples after low temperature treatment were analyzed through experimental tests. The results show that: when the normal temperature coal sample suddenly enters the low temperature environment, the AE signals are most dense and strong within 0-1 000 s, and gradually decrease and weaken in the middle and late period. Therefore, the damage mainly occurs in the first 1 000 s. With the decrease of the processing temperature, the number and intensity of AE signals of the coal sample increase significantly, and the distribution ratio of signal amplitude is roughly the same. It shows that the larger the temperature difference between coal and external environment, the higher the damage degree. The compressive strength, elastic modulus and Poisson’s ratio of coal samples treated at low temperature in the triaxial loading process are all reduced compared with those of normal temperature coal samples, and the decreasing amplitude is proportional to the low temperature treatment. The initial permeability of coal samples treated at 0 ℃, -20 ℃ and -40 ℃ increased by 8.15%, 23.46% and 74.87%, respectively, compared with normal temperature coal samples.

The upper wind has a major impact on the safety of the launch vehicle, and the wind speed 3 hours before launching is a determinant for the eventual schedule. If the maximum aerodynamic load generated by the upper wind does not exceed the threshold, the rocket can be launched as planned, otherwise it will be considered to postpone the launch. The deviation of the upper wind 3 hours before and at the launch time should be investigated. Taking the upper wind dataset with an interval of 3.5 hours (December 2014 to December 2020) to analyze the wind difference, and a forecast model for the wind of 0.5 hours after the launch is established using WRF model and the wind data of 3 hours before the launch. It shows that the characteristics of upper wind speed and direction difference within 3.5 hours are related to altitude, season, and the average upper wind speed. Although the maximum wind speed deviation range is -24.00-26.00 m·s-1, for two-thirds of the cases the deviation is within 10 m·s-1, which mainly occur in the middle and upper troposphere with altitude of [6.5 km, 11.5 km). The absolute value of the maximum wind direction deviation range is 10.00°-180°, mainly in the [30°, 60°) interval, and this mostly occurs in the middle and lower troposphere with altitude of [1.5 km, 6.5 km). The average absolute deviation of the upper wind speed within 3.5 hours shows an increasing trend with the increase of average upper wind speed 3 hours before the launch, but the relative error and the wind direction deviation decreases, indicating that when the upper wind is strong, the wind direction is less prone to short-term changes. The upper wind deviation within 3.5 hours varies with the seasons, for example, the absolute deviation of winter wind speed is greater than that of summer, but the absolute deviation of wind direction in winter is smaller than that of summer. Using the forecast model results of wind 0.5 hours after the launch can help to avoid the risk of rocket launch in advance.

Due to the extremely complex electrochemical reactions inside the lithium-ion battery and the uncertainty of the external working environment， it is difficult to achieve an accurate estimation of SOH （state of health）. To improve the accuracy of SOH estimation， an estimation method of lithium-ion battery health state based on XGBoost algorithm is proposed. First， Matplotlib is used to analyze the lithium-ion battery data and to extract the characteristic quantities such as average voltage， voltage difference， current difference and temperature difference to describe the aging process of the battery. Then， the XGBoost algorithm is used to build an estimation model for the intelligent SOH estimation of battery. The experimental results show that the proposed method has higher estimation accuracy and superior generalization ability compared with four regression algorithms， viz.， linear regression， random forest， support vector machine （SVM）， and K-nearest neighbors algorithm， and the estimation error can be controlled within ±0.4%.

In the big data era, the widespread of massive multi-modal data has caused huge changes in the data characteristics, namely wide variety and low value density.Different types of data are characterized by both function independently and complement each other.Discovering the hidden value behind multi-modal data has become the key problem in big data mining tasks.Therefore, to tackle the shortcomings of the low-quality multimodal data, this paper proposes a new multimodal robust feature learning method by introducing the modal specific error matrix.The effect of noisy information on the fusion result can thus be effectively reduced.Moreover, a dual graph-regularization mechanism for data manifolds and feature manifolds is designed to describe the spatial structure of multimodal data, which can ensure the data stability during multimodal feature learning.On six real-world multi-modal data sets, the results are compared with several classical algorithms in recent years based on three evaluation indexes, namely accuracy (ACC), normalized mutual information (NMI) and purity (PUR).Experimental results show that the proposed method is superior to all other compared algorithms, especially in network data sets Webkb containing large amounts of noise information, its ACC and NMI are improved by about 10% compared with the baseline algorithms.It can be seen that the proposed algorithm can accurately learn the sharing features of multi-modal data.

Objective: This study aimed to preserve the flavor of Xiangpai brined beef and prolong its shelf life. Methods: High-throughput sequencing was performed in Xiangpai brined beef samples with different storage time (0, 4, 8, 12, 16 d). Results: A total of 1 116 813 effective gene sequence bands were obtained, with an average of 74 454 bands per sample. Alpha diversity analysis showed that LNR8d had the highest bacterial abundance, while LNR4d had the lowest bacterial abundance. The results showed that during storage, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria and Cyanobacteria were dominant bacteria in the 15 brined beef samples. Bacillus was the dominant bacterium in LNR0d samples, while the dominant bacterium in LNR4d samples was Macrococcus. The dominant bacterium in LNR8d samples was Enterobacter. The dominant bacteria in LNR12d samples also belonged to Bacillus, and the dominant bacterium in LNR16d samples was Unidentified chloroplast. PCA analysis showed that the distance between the 15 samples within the group was large, indicating that the microbiota diversity of the 15 samples varied greatly. LEfSe analysis showed that in LNR4d ~ LNR16d samples, the bacteria with the largest contribution at the genus level were Macrococcus, Microbacillus and Lactobacillus. Conclusion: This study revealed the diversity of bacteria in the storage process of Xiangpai braised beef and explored the changes of bacteria and its dominant bacteria genus during the storage process.

This study aims to uncover the paradigm of green development of industrial parks in the Yangtze River Economic Belt by integrating economic development, spatial configuration, pillar industries, energy-environmental infrastructure, water use, and economic-environmental performance. We identify the major challenges faced by the industrial parks in the region and then propose policy implications targeting eco-transformation of the parks. The key findings are as follows. Industrial parks have been playing a significant role in facilitating manufacturing industry and economic-social development in the Yangtze River Basin, by contributing more than 50% of the gross industrial output values of the provinces along the Yangtze River. It is necessary to strengthen the strategic position of the industrial parks for robust manufacturing industries in China. However, along the Yangtze River, there are large number heavy-industries and industrial parks, posing intensive pressure on resources and energy, as well as a huge pollutants emission. We classify four major points on ecological-environmental issues in the parks. First, some parks still need to enhance the initiative, consciousness and innovation of ecological civilization construction. Second, the parks should pose great importance on optimizing the industrial structure and environmental management of industrial parks, and declining the gap between leading parks and lowefficient ones substantially. Third, many parks have high carbon dioxide emissions, and have employed a coal-dependent energy infrastructure featured by small capacity and low efficiency. Fourth, industrial parks have yet to effectively control the total amount of freshwater consumption and reduce toxic and harmful pollutants reduction, pursuing clean and safe water. Given the challenges, we propose policy recommendations on innovation and eco-transformation of industrial parks from three aspects to achieve a marked height. The first aspect is to strengthen the grand plan for green development of industrial parks by integrating the upstream and downstream regions. The local authorities have the demand to release green development report annually. The second aspect is to deepen the green and low-carbon transformation of parks through conserving resources, increasing eco-efficiency, and exploring renewable resources comprehensively. Furthermore, it is crucial to advance the overall efficiency of energy and environmental infrastructure from the consideration of life cycle. Fostering industrial symbiosis between infrastructure is also a promising alternative. Third, it is urgent to balance the development of chemical industrial parks and the carrying capacity of water systems, by controlling pollution for the whole process using precise and scientific strategies, employing sustainable water stewardship, and protecting water eco-system.

The evolution process of the North China Craton has been discussed by many scholars; however, the frame for the timing of the Trans-North China Block has not been fully agreed upon. Related research has mostly focused on the northern and southern sections of the Trans-North China Block, and in-depth studies on intrusive rocks in the central region are lacking. In this study, we conduct a systematic study of the petrography, the whole-rock geochemistry, and the zircon U–Pb dating for the beschtauite intrusion, located in the Mengjiaping area of the Southern Taihang Mountains. Our results demonstrate that the dyke intrusion is mainly composed of beschtauite. Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry zircon U–Pb dating shows that the beschtauite intrusion occurred at ∼1,880 ± 69 Ma. The beschtauite belongs to I-type granite, Arc tholeiite series, and Cale-alkaline series, with low total alkali, low potassium, and high aluminum. They are also enriched in large-ion lithophile elements, relatively depleted in high-field strength elements, and low total rare-earth elements. Based on the abovementioned data, it is suggested that the magmas for the beschtauite intrusion were metasomatized by oceanic slab subduction in the Late Paleoproterozoic. The formation time of the North China Craton basement should be set to after 1,880 Ma.

Purpose. It is well documented that angiotensin II (Ang II) elevation promotes apoptosis of podocytes in vivo and vitro, but the potential mechanism is still oscular. The current study is aimed at probing into the assignment of cysteine-rich protein 61 (Cyr61) in Ang II-induced podocyte apoptosis. Methods. Podocytes were treated with Ang II (10-6 mol/L) for 48 hours to establish an injury model in vitro. Western blot assays were detected the expression of Cyr61, Cyt-c, Bax, and Bcl-2. Gene microarray was used to analyze the expression of mRNAs after treatment with Ang II. CRISPR/Cas9 technology was used to knock down Cyr61 and overexpress TXNIP gene, respectively. Results. The expression of Cyr61, TXNIP, Cyt-c, and Bax in podocytes treated with Ang II were upregulated, but the expression and apoptotic rates of Bcl-2 in podocytes were inhibited. The level of the above factors was not significantly different after the knockdown of Cyr61 with Ang II in podocytes. In Ang II group, when knocked down Cyr61, the expressed level of TXNIP, Cyt-c, and Bax was diminished after Ang II treatment; interestingly Bcl-2 expression and podocyte apoptotic rate were reduced. Under the stimulation of Ang II, the expression of Cyt-c and Bax were growing, whereas Bcl-2 was reduced, and the apoptotic rates were higher in the TXNIP overexpression group. Cyt-c and Bax were put on, whereas that of Bcl-2 was to be cut down when the Cyr61 was knockdown, and the apoptotic rates were gained in the TXNIP overexpression+Cyr61 knockdown group. Conclusions. The results of the study extrapolate that Cyr61 plays a dominant role in Ang II-induced podocyte apoptosis. Additionally, Cyr61 may mediate the Ang II-induced podocyte apoptosis by promoting the expression of TNXIP.