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This paper is dedicated to exploring the practical implementation of deep learning and Internet of Things (IoT) technology within systems designed for recognizing human motion behavior. It places a particular emphasis on evaluating performance in complex environments, aiming to mitigate challenges such as poor robustness and high computational workload encountered in conventional human motion behavior recognition approaches by employing Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN). The primary focus is on enhancing the performance of human motion behavior recognition systems for real-world scenarios, optimizing them for real-time accuracy, and enhancing their suitability for practical applications. Specifically, the paper investigates human motion behavior recognition using CNN, where the parameters of the CNN model are fine-tuned to improve recognition performance. The paper commences by delineating the process and methodology employed for human motion recognition, followed by an in-depth exploration of the CNN model's application in recognizing human motion behavior. To acquire data depicting human motion behavior in authentic settings, the Internet of Things (IoT) is utilized for extracting relevant information from the living environment. The dataset chosen for human motion behavior recognition is the Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) database. The analysis demonstrates that the network training loss function reaches a minimum value of 0.0001. Leveraging the trained CNN model, the recognition accuracy for human motion behavior achieves peak performance, registering an average accuracy of 94.41%. Notably, the recognition accuracy for static motion behavior generally exceeds that for dynamic motion behavior across different models. The CNN-based human motion behavior recognition method exhibits promising results in both static and dynamic behavior recognition scenarios. Furthermore, the paper advocates for the use of IoT in collecting human motion behavior data in real-world living environments, contributing to the advancement of human motion behavior recognition technology and its application in diverse domains such as intelligent surveillance and health management. The research findings carry significant implications for furthering the development of human motion behavior recognition technology and enhancing its applications in areas such as intelligent surveillance and health management.

[Objective] Investigating the interactive coupling characteristics of the PEE system can provide theoretical support and quantitative basis for the ecological advancement of urban areas in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area. [Methods] Based on a comprehensive evaluation of the PEE system in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area from 2000 to 2020, this study utilized the coupling coordination degree model, gravity model, and obstacle degree model to empirically investigate the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics, spatial connectivity features, and main obstacle factors of the system’s coupling coordination degree. [Results] (1) The comprehensive development level of the PEE system in the reservoir area had shown a gradual increase from 2000 to 2020. (2) During the study period, the coupling and coordination degree of the system was basically unchanged, with a not very high level of coordination. The type of coordination showed the spatial characteristics of “Southwest-Northeast” and “Central-North”, with an overall benign upward development trend. (3) The spatial correlation of the coupling and coordination degree of the system in neighboring regions had a significant positive autocorrelation, the total spatial linkage was rising in general, the spatial linkage strength was weak, and it was gradually weakening with the increase of the geographic distance. (4) The influence of each factor on the system’s development had a convergence, with the economic and demographic system being the main constraining subsystems, and the obstacle degree of the environmental system was increasing year by year. [Conclusion] The overall level of coupled and coordinated development of the PEE system in the reservoir area was improving, and regional differences were narrowing. In the future, the focus should be on the optimization of a single system to the coordination of multiple systems, and adjustments should be made from both the perspectives of the system itself and regional synergy, in order to strengthen policy and institutional regulation and scientifically explore the development path.

In order to solve the current problem of a single oral motion mode for the humanoid expression robot, a novel multi degree of freedom (DOF) bionic jaw mechanism was designed based on the anatomical motion mechanism of the human jaw. The inverse kinematics model of the mechanism was established, and the motion mode of the mechanism was analyzed to realize the multi DOF motion of the bionic jaw mechanism in space. A multi rigid body simulation of the bionic jaw mechanism was conducted, whose feasibility was verified by the experiments. The simulation and experimental results demonstrate that, based on the inverse kinematics model, the mechanism designed is able to simulate the three basic motion modes of human jaw, including open-close movement, protrusion movement, and side shifting movement, as well as the complex oral motion modes including chewing and lip biting. Therefore, the proposed mechanism can compensate for the limits of oral movement patterns of the existing humanoid robots.

Objective Due to the increase of metro operation mileages and track conditions complexity, abnormal bogie vibrations caused by wheel-rail wear often occur. Bogie frame serves as an important load-bearing component, requiring research on its structural integrity and vibration failure mechanism under abnormal vibration conditions. Method Taking a metro bogie frame as example, based on vibration transmission tests and dynamic stress data, a study is conducted on the abnormal vibration and beam fatigue failure causes of metro vehicles on a line during operation, analyzing the source of disturbance and vibration transmission path. Based on the results of frame working modal tests, the vibration acceleration and dynamic stress time-frequency characteristics at beam failure points when vehicle passing typical sections are analyzed. By analyzing influencing factors such as wheel polygon, rail corrugation, and vehicle operating speed, the amplitude and spectrum characteristics of beam dynamic stress are investigated. Result & Conclusion Before wheel reprofiling, the main measuring points where equivalent stress amplitude exceeds the limit are concentrated at the connections between beams and side beams, beams and small longitudinal beams, and the upper cable supports of beams. After wheel reprofiling, the equivalent stress amplitudes at all measuring points significantly decrease, far below the allowable stress amplitude. The main external excitation source causing beam cracking is the 5 to 8 order wheel polygon, and the exacerbated vehicle vibration caused by wheel off-roundness is the direct cause for fatigue failure of beam cable supports.

Abstract [Objective] In unstable pollination environments, bisexual flowering plants often possess potential selfing ability. Given the mating cost of selfing, investigating selfing strategies in different environments are critical for the understanding of evolution of the mating systems. [Methods] To explore the selfing strategies of plants in the unstable pollination environments in early spring, we studied the flowering habits, pollinator groups, pollen dispersal dynamics, self-pollen transfer patterns, and mating systems in a natural population of Tulipa sinkiangensis, an early spring ephemeral plant. [Results] (1) T . sinkiangensis bloomed in early or mid April, with a single flowering period of 5-6 days. Flowers opened during the day and closed at night. Pollen dispersal started from the outer and appeared in a zippered order from bottom to top. (2) The pollinators were mainly bees and syrphids. Visiting frequencies were low, with great fluctuation among years, but the fruiting rates were generally higher in natural populations. (3) In the unstable pollination environment in early spring, the population was mainly outbred and partly self-inbred, forming a mixed mating system. The autonomous stamens movement during the closing of flowers in the evening promoted the autonomous self-pollination, and the massive deposition of self-pollen occurred on the 4th day after flowering, accounting for 50.22% of the total autonomous self-pollen deposition. It was a delayed self-pollination pattern, although promoting the occurrence of competing selfing. [Conclusion] Under limited pollination, the competing and delayed selfing promotes pollen deposition in T . sinkiangensis. This mating strategy that combined outcrossing, competing selfing, and delayed selfing flexibly responds to the unstable pollination environment in the early spring. It is an adaptation to the unstable pollination services under the low temperature condition in the early spring, and also a reproductive assurance strategy for the early spring ephemeral plants.

Aiming at the information asymmetry problem in the supply chain of pelagic fishery aquatic products, this paper constructs a traceability system for pelagic fishery aquatic products with the help of blockchain and fishery networking technologies. At each level, the traceability analysis is conducted using distinct technical methods and evaluation criteria. The system is designed and operated systematically by integrating pelagic fishery fishing enterprises, transportation enterprises, processing enterprises, sales enterprises, consumers and regulatory departments. By relying on the technical platform of fishery networking, the functions of the traceability system of marine fishery products are also strengthened. The corresponding traceability system is constructed by taking tuna as an example, with a view to improving the credibility and safety of information traceability of China′s pelagic fishery aquatic products industry chain, reducing the information asymmetry of various subjects of pelagic fishery, and providing a better solution to achieve the purpose, which is to strengthen the credibility and security of information traceability of China′s pelagic fisheries industry chain, reduce the information asymmetry of pelagic fisheries, and provide references and lessons for the high-quality, sustainable development of pelagic fisheries industry.

Objective To explore the application effect of Zhulianhua Gargle in oral care of inpatients with hyperthermia syndrome, in order to further promote oral health from the perspective of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Methods From January 2022 to December 2023, 240 hospitalized patients with phlegm-heat stagnation lung syndrome, intestinal damp-heat syndrome, damp-heat obstructing syndrome, and liver-stomach depression heat syndrome were selected and divided into 2 groups, with 120 cases in each group by random number table method. The observation group was treated with Zhulianhua Gargle gargling solution, while the control group was treated with saline gargling solution. The changes of oral pH value, oral bacterial quantitative test, oral function, halitosis value and oral comfort were compared after 2 weeks of intervention. Results Before intervention, there were no significant differences in oral pH value, oral function, halitosis value and oral comfort between the two groups (P＞0. 05). After 2 weeks of intervention, patients in the observation group achieved better outcomes in oral pH value (6. 23±0. 52), oral function score (8. 71±4. 05), halitosis value score (1. 29±0. 61) and oral comfort rate of the observation group(100. 00%), and he difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P＜0. 05). Conclusion Zhulianhua Gargle has a good effect on improving the oral syndrome of hyperthermia, improving oral pH value, oral function, making oral freshness and improving oral comfort. (目的 探讨医院自制竹连花含漱液在实热证住院患者口腔护理中的应用效果, 以期从中医的角度进一步推进口腔健康。方法 选择2022年1月—2023年12月在江苏省扬州市某三甲中医院痰热郁肺证、肠道湿热证、湿热壅滞证、肝胃郁热证等实热证住院患者240例, 采用随机数字表法分为两组, 每组120例。观察组应用医院自制竹连花含漱液, 对照组应用生理盐水含漱液, 口腔护理方法一致。比较干预前和干预2周后患者口腔pH值、口腔细菌定量实验、口腔功能情况、口臭值、口腔舒适度的变化。结果 干预前, 两组口腔pH值、口腔功能情况、口臭值、口腔舒适度结果比较, 差异无统计学差异(P＞0. 05)。干预2周后, 观察组口腔pH值(6. 23±0. 52), 口腔功能得分(8. 71±4. 05)分, 口臭值得分(1. 29±0. 61)分, 口腔舒适度总有效率100. 00%, 且与对照组比较, 差异有统计学差异(P＜0. 05)。结论 竹连花含漱液对改善患者实热型口腔症候疗效方面有良好效果, 能有效改善口腔pH值、口腔功能情况, 使口腔清新, 提高口腔舒适度。)

A better understanding of the spatiotemporal dynamics of species composition and biodiversity provides significant insights into the distribution patterns of biodiversity and the prediction of biodiversity fate in a global change context. However, how species and phylogenetic diversity change along elevational gradient with temporal scale in mountain ecosystems is still unknown. In this study, we used census data (2004, 2008 and 2013) of an elevational transect (elevational range 960 - 2 878 m) covering eastern and western slopes of Gaoligong Mountains, SW China, to investigate the spatiotemporal dynamics of forest arbor layer (DBH≥5 cm) species composition, species diversity and phylogenetic diversity. The results were as follows: (1) Species diversity was hump-shaped along the elevational gradient, while the phylogenetic diversity increased with increasing elevation. Clustering phylogenetic structure was observed at low elevations, and over dispersed or random structure was detected at high elevations. (2) Overall, temporal species and phylogenetic beta diversity analysis showed no significant difference among these three investigation time points. However, we found a higher clustering of phylogenetic structure along the temporal scale. (3) Spatial beta diversity showed that there was a significant loss of species at low elevations (960 - 1 381 m) on the eastern slope, where the vegetation had been disturbed or completely converted into farmland. The main lost species including Terminalia chebula, Quercus acutissima, Pistacia weinmanniifolia, Hovenia acerba and Ilex wattii. In contrast, the change in the western slope was mild at low elevations, only observing species abundance increasing, which including Cyclobalanopsis oxyodon, Symplocos chinensis, and Taiwania cryptomerioides. Therefore, we speculated that the dynamic changes in species and phylogenetic diversity of the arbor layer of subtropical evergreen broadleaf forest might be related to communities succession process and climatic change in middle and high elevations, while the communities at low elevations were seriously impacted by human activities in Gaoligong Mountains. The results deepen the understanding of the mechanisms of plant community dynamics in Gaoligong Mountains, and provide new insights to guide precise conservation strategies in the region.

Herein, we elucidate the potential role of ANO6 (TMEM16F) in gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). ANO6 expression in GIST and adjacent normal tissues was determined using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blotting. Cell proliferation, apoptosis, and pyroptosis were examined utilizing 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP Nick-End Labeling staining, and flow cytometry. In addition, the total iron and Fe2+ levels were assessed. IL-18 and IL-1β levels were also evaluated. Lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS), cystine (Cys), glutathione (GSH), and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) levels were evaluated using appropriate kits. Ferroptotic markers, including Ptgs2, Chac1, SLC7A11, and SLC3A2, were analyzed by RT-qPCR, western blotting, and immunohistochemistry. ANO6 expression decreased in GIST tissues. ANO6-plasmid inhibits proliferation, induces apoptosis, and promotes pyroptosis in GIST-T1 and GIST-T1 IR cells. The ANO6-plasmid induced ferroptosis, as confirmed by enhanced lipid ROS levels, increased intracellular concentrations of total iron and Fe2+, promoted Ptgs2 and Chac1 expression, reduced Cys, GSH, and GPX4 levels, and downregulated SLC7A11 and SLC3A2 expression after in vitro and in vivo treatment with ANO6-plasmid. Moreover, the ANO6-plasmid inhibited GIST growth in vivo. Therefore, ANO6 may be a promising therapeutic target for blocking the development of GIST via the induction of apoptosis, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis.

At present， safety stability control system inspection primarily relies on independent in-plant testing， laboratory experiment and on-site joint testing， making it difficult to completely eliminate potential risks in safety and stability control systems. To address the shortcomings of existing testing methods， a remote non-real-time closed-loop testing technique for safety and stability control systems is proposed. By integrating key technologies such as hardware-in-the-loop simulation， 5G communication networking， wide-area synchronous triggering， and multi-communication protocol conversion， key modules， including the platform management system， testing master station and testing terminals， have been developed， and a remote non-real-time closed-loop testing process has been formulated. Taking the safety and stability control system for hydropower transmitted via ultra-high-voltage direct current in Sichuan power grid as an example， the feasibility of the proposed technique is validated.

This study aimed to explore the relationships between study variables that directly and indirectly affect students' beliefs and academic adaptation. A measurement tool model was used to assess participants' ‘academic adjustment’ (academic motivation, academic lifestyle, academic achievement), basic psychological needs factors (autonomy, competence, relatedness), beliefs about assessment factors (benefit for learning, fairness), classroom participation, and students' FLP anxiety. Explanatory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were employed to validate the questionnaires. The study sample consisted of 319 university students aged 17–35 years. The findings revealed significant associations among students' classroom participation, autonomy, foreign language anxiety, and relatedness. A significant indirect association with classroom participation through autonomy was also observed. Additionally, classroom participation showed significant correlations with foreign language anxiety, academic motivation, academic achievement, and perceived fairness. Academic achievement was significantly associated with academic lifestyle. Furthermore, classroom involvement was strongly associated with relatedness via foreign language classroom anxiety, and academic motivation was linked to academic lifestyle via academic performance. Academic achievement was linked to fairness via an academic lifestyle. According to the findings, the full mediation model considers all variables directly and indirectly, providing a validated model to guide higher education leaders and staff in developing programs that foster positive associations among the variables. Based on the main findings, limitations and recommendations were provided.

Brucellosis is a global zoonotic infection caused by Brucella bacteria, which poses a significant burden on society. While transmission prevention is currently the most effective method, the absence of a licenced vaccine for humans necessitates the urgent development of a safe and effective vaccine. Recombinant protein-based subunit vaccines are considered promising options, and in this study, the Brucella BP26 protein is expressed using prokaryotic expression systems. The immune responses are evaluated using the well-established adjuvant CpG-ODN. The results demonstrate that rBP26 supplemented with a CpG adjuvant induces M1 macrophage polarization and stimulates cellular immune responses mediated by Th1 cells and CD8+ T cells. Additionally, it generates high levels of rBP26-specific antibodies in immunized mice. Furthermore, rBP26 immunization activates, proliferates, and produces cytokines in T lymphocytes while also maintaining immune memory for an extended period of time. These findings shed light on the potential biological function of rBP26, which is crucial for understanding brucellosis pathogenesis. Moreover, rBP26 holds promise as an effective subunit vaccine candidate for use in endemic areas.

Abstract Wheat aging plays an important role in assessing storage wheat quality and its subsequent processing purposes. The conventional detection methods for wheat aging are mainly involved in chemical techniques, which are time-consuming as well as waste part of wheat samples for each detection. Although some physical detection methods have obtained gratifying results, it is extremely hard to expand their application fields but to stay in the theory stage. For this reason, a novel nondestructive detection model for wheat aging based on the delayed luminescence (DL) has been proposed in this paper. Specifically, after collecting enough sample data, we first took advantage of certain hyperbolic function to fit DL signal, and then used four parameters of the hyperbolic function to feature the decay trend of the DL signal. Secondly, in order to better feature the DL signal, we extracted other six features together with above four features to form the input feature vector. Finally, as the bidirectional long short-term memory (Bi-LSTM) network lacked error-correcting performance, the Bi-LSTM network based on Walsh coding (Walsh-Bi-LSTM) mechanism was proposed to establish the detection model, which made the detection model have the error-correcting performance by reasonably splitting the multi-classification target task. Shown by experimental results, the newly proposed wheat aging detection model is able to achieve 94.00% accuracy in the testing dataset, which can be used as a green and nondestructive method to timely reflect wheat aging states.

AIM: To quantify early changes of macular capillary parameters in type 2 diabetic patients using optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA).METHODS: Retrospective case study. A total of 49 healthy subjects, 52 diabetic patients without retinopathy(noDR)patients, and 43 mild nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy(mNPDR)patients were recruited. Capillary perfusion density, vessel length density(VLD), and average vessel diameter(AVD)were calculated from macular OCTA images(3 mm×3 mm)of the superficial capillary plexus after segmenting large vessels and the deep capillary plexus. Parameters were compared among control subjects, noDR, and mNPDR patients. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve estimated the abilities of these parameters to detect early changes of retinal microvascular networks.RESULTS: Significant differences were found in the VLD and AVD among the three groups(P

Research on green buildings is receiving increasing attention in areas such as mitigating global climate change and promoting sustainability in the built environment. This study is based on the experimental and simulation analysis of embedded composite beam-column elements to investigate their potential in improving the sustainability, structural stability and seismic capacity of lightweight residential buildings. A case study of Tianyuan II villa in Changsha city district, China, is used to demonstrate the proposed methodology and validate the rationality of the design solution. In this case, the conventional hollow steel tube columns were replaced by a novel embedded composite column design derived from an optimized steel-to-wood ratio. This alternative approach aims to improve the load carrying capacity and buckling resistance of the building elements, as well as the overall structural integrity of the building frame, especially under seismic conditions. The study shows that: the overall dimensional stability of the building with this structural column under seismic action is better, the hysteresis curve of the column is full, which reflects a strong seismic wave absorption capacity; the damage is mainly manifested by the fracture of the column foot joints and the tearing caused by the non-uniform contact; and the structural column is able to replace the pure steel columns and to ensure the safety and stability of the building.

Uncontrolled activation of c-Kit is closely related to the pathogenesis and progression of leukemia, gastrointestinal cancer, and other malignant diseases. Although there are several inhibitors available, due to the limitation of selectivity and the unfavorable side effects, designing and discovering highly selective inhibitors targeting c-Kit kinase, especially the gain of function mutation (for example c-Kit D816V), is still necessary. To identify novel c-Kit inhibitors, a metastable state-based virtual screening approach, which was successfully implemented in other kinase inhibitors, was employed in the current study. The results from our current study demonstrated the residues adjacent to the DFG motif within the activation loop could fold into short α-helices aside from the random coil, which was commonly found in the crystal structure. By expanding the conformation pool of the activation loop via PyRosetta-based ab initio folding protocol, we constructed a series of structural models of the c-Kit kinase intermediate between the inactive and active states. After evaluation of the thermal stability of the metastable state with molecular dynamics simulation, one structural model showed higher stability of α-helix, and the activation loop was retained. Considering the wild-type and D816V mutated KIT kinase shared similar metastable states during the kinase activation process, we developed a hypothesis that the identified intermediate might hold the potential to identify inhibitors targeting D816V mutations from the compound database. As expected, the intermediate structure showed higher selectivity to KIT D816V selective inhibitors, such as bezuclastinib, avapritinib, BLU-263, and elenestinib, than imatinib or masitinib. The virtual screening of the available KIT kinase inhibitor database further identified vorolanib, semaxanib, henatinib, and pexmetinib may possess potential inhibitory effects against wild type, as well as the mutated c-Kit kinase. The results from our current study not only proposed a novel structural model that could be used for the identification of selective c-Kit D816V inhibitors but also identified several potential inhibitors from available kinase inhibitors, which might shed new light on the design of new therapeutic approaches for c-Kit mutation-driven malignant diseases.

Alveolar echinococcosis (AE) is a zoonotic parasitic disease caused by infection with the larval stage of Echinococcus multilocularis and a major challenge to human public health. Vaccines are the most effective way to prevent and control infectious diseases. We previously revealed that the Echinocuccus granulosus recombinant protein P29 is a good vaccine candidate against E. granulosus. However, the protective and immunological mechanism of rEg.P29 against E. multilocularis remain unclear. In this study, CD4+ T cell-deficient mice are transferred with spleen CD4+ T cells isolated from wild-type mice and subjected to rEg.P29 immunization, and then these immunized mice are infected with E. multilocularis. The cyst inhibition rate is calculated by weighing the body and cyst weights. The level of antibody is detected by ELISA. Flow cytometry is used to detect the level of IFN-γ production by CD4+ T and CD8+ T cells. The cytokines in culture supernatant are detected by ELISA. The expressions of CD44 and CD62L on memory T cells are determined by flow cytometry. The results show the cyst inhibition rate is 41.52% after adoptive transfer of CD4+ T cells. Furthermore, the levels of IgG, IgM, IgA and IgE in serum are significantly increased compared with those in the PBS group. The IFN-γ-secretion by CD8+ T cells and the level of IFN-γ in culture supernatant are obviously increased; and the number of CD4+ T cells is increased, but the number of IFN-γ producing CD4+ T cells has no significant difference compared with PBS group. In addition, the number of CD44+CD62L‒CD8+ memory T cells in the spleen is significantly increased, while the number of CD44‒CD62L+ CD8+ memory T cells is not significantly altered. Collectively, rEg.P29 can alleviate E. multilocularis infection by inducing humoral immune responses and CD8+ T cell responses.

Abstract The endothelial cell (EC) outgrowth in both vasculogenesis and angiogenesis starts with remodeling surrounding matrix and proceeds with the crosstalk between cells for the multicellular vasculature formation. The mechanical plasticity of matrix, defined as the ability to permanently deform by external traction, is pivotal in modulating cell behaviors. Nevertheless, the implications of matrix plasticity on cell-to-cell interactions during EC outgrowth, along with the molecular pathways involved, remain elusive. Here we develop a collagen-hyaluronic acid based hydrogel platform with tunable plasticity by using compositing strategy of dynamic and covalent networks. We show that although the increasing plasticity of the hydrogel facilitates the matrix remodeling by ECs, the largest tubular lumens and the longest invading distance unexpectedly appear in hydrogels with medium plasticity instead of the highest ones. We unravel that the high plasticity of the hydrogels promotes stable integrin cluster of ECs and recruitment of focal adhesion kinase with an overenhanced contractility which downregulates the vascular endothelial cadherin expression and destabilizes the adherens junctions between individual ECs. Our results, further validated with mathematical simulations and in vivo angiogenic tests, demonstrate that a balance of matrix plasticity facilitates both cell-matrix binding and cell-to-cell adherens, for promoting vascular assembly and invasion.

Due to complex environmental factors such as uneven illumination and high noise, unmanned electric locomotives in coal mines have low accuracy in multi object detection and difficulty in recognizing small objects. In order to solve the above problems, a multi object detection model for underground unmanned electric locomotives in coal mines based on SD-YOLOv5s-4L is proposed. On the basis of YOLOv5s, the following improvements are made to construct the SD-YOLOv5s-4L network model. The model introduces the SIoU loss function to solve the problem of mismatch between the direction of the real box and the predicted box, so that the model can better learn the position information of the object. The model introduces decoupled heads at the head of YOLOv5s to enhance the feature fusion and positioning accuracy of the network model. It enables the model to quickly capture multi-scale features of the object. The model introduces a small object detection layer to increase the original three scale detection layer to four scale. It enhances the model's feature extraction capability and detection precision for small objects. The experiment is conducted on a multi object detection dataset of the mine electric locomotives. The results show the following points. The mean average precision (mAP) of the SD-YOLOv5s-4L network model for various types of objects is 97.9%, and the average precision (AP) for small objects is 98.9%. Compared with the YOLOv5s network model, it improves by 5.2% and 9.8%, respectively. Compared with other network models such as YOLOv7 and YOLOv8, the SD-YOLOv5s-4L network model has the best comprehensive detection performance and can provide technical support for achieving unmanned driving of the mine electric locomotives.

[Objective] Market-based allocation of land factors is an important element in improving China’s socialist market economy system, and has important practical implications for promoting the integrated development of urban and rural areas and building a dual-cycle development pattern. This study aimed to investigate the impact of land resource allocation on the integrated development of urban and rural areas at the theoretical and empirical levels. [Methods] Based on the panel data from 2006-2017 in the central cities of the Yangtze River Delta region, and using the bootstrap mediation effect model, an empirical analysis was conducted on the intrinsic logical relationship between government control, land marketization, and integrated urban-rural development. [Results] (1) Theoretically, a unified market-based urban-rural land allocation system can bring about an increase in social welfare compared with a divided state, while the quasi-public goods attribute of land and the limited rationality of the government dictate that the allocation of land resources under the orientation of integrated urban-rural development should be between a “responsive government” and an “effective market”. (2) The government’s control behavior, characterized by tax policy, has a significant positive impact on the level of integrated urban-rural development, but the impact of industrial policy is not significant, and both the marketization of urban land and the marketization of agricultural land significantly contributed to the improvement of the level of integrated urban-rural development during the study period. (3) The mediation effects of marketization of agricultural land and urban land were 19.29% and 12.26% respectively in the path of tax policy affecting the level of integrated urban-rural development; the mediation effect of land marketization between industrial policy and integrated urban-rural development was not significant. [Conclusion] Clearly defining the boundary between the government and the market, deepening the reform of the land property rights system, and improving the linkage between urban and rural institutional systems are the directions of future reform.

Meningiomas are extra-axial neoplasms that originate from the arachnoid cap cells located on the inner surface of the meninges. Approximately 36% of central nervous system tumors are meningiomas. Based on earlier findings to be benign in most cases, they are categorized as slow-growing tumors that form gradually over time. Meningiomas are usually asymptomatic and discovered inadvertently. They rarely present with immediate clinical symptoms or abrupt hemorrhagic strokes. However, tumor hemorrhage can be fatal in high-grade meningiomas, particularly those with vascularization. We describe a 58-year-old man who was hospitalized after experiencing an unexpectedly acute headache. The right cerebellar hemisphere and vermis cerebellar hemorrhage were detected on computed tomography (CT), and the cerebellar hemorrhage was explained by a diagnosis of hypertension. When additional analysis of the patient’s chest CT indicated lung mass lesions, we assumed that the lung cancer had spread to the brain. However, the pathological outcomes of a guided definite pulmonary aspiration biopsy, in conjunction with resection of the cerebellar tumor, suggested a subtentorial meningioma with ruptured hemorrhage and pulmonary meningioma metastasis. The patient was transferred to a hospital closer to home for ongoing follow-up and, after 2 months, he had recovered well.

Abstract Background Androgen receptor (AR) activation and repression dual-functionality only became known recently and still remains intriguing in prostate cancer (PCa). MYC is a prominent oncogene that functionally entangles with AR signaling in PCa. Further exploration of AR regulatory mechanisms on MYC gene transcription bears clinical and translation significance. Methods Bioinformatics analysis of PCa cell line and clinical RNA-Seq and ChIP-Seq (chromatin immunoprecipitation-sequencing) datasets to anchor interactions of AR and MYC transcriptional networks. ChIP-qPCR and 3C (chromosome conformation capture) analyses to probe MYC distal regulation by AR binding sites (ABSs). CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome-editing to specify functions of ABS within the 8q24-MYC locus on androgen-mediated MYC transcription. Global FoxA1 and HoxB13 distribution profiling to advance AR transcriptional mechanisms. Results Here we recognize AR bi-directional transcription mechanisms by exploiting the prominent 8q24-MYC locus conferring androgen hyper-sensitivity. At ~ 25 Kb downstream of the MYC gene, we identified an undefined ABS, P10. By chromatin analyses, we validated androgen-dependent spatial interaction between P10 and MYC-Promoter (MYC-Pro) and temporal epigenetic repression of these MYC-proximal elements. We next designed a CRISPR/Cas9-mediated double genomic knock-out (KO) strategy to show that P10-KO slightly lessened androgen-elicited MYC transrepression in LNCaP-AR cells. In similar genomic editing assays, androgen-mediated MYC repression became slightly deepened upon KO of P11, an ABS in the PVT1 gene locus highly enriched in AR-binding motifs and peaks. We also investigated multiple ABSs in the established PCAT1 super-enhancer that distally interacts with MYC-Pro for transactivation, with each KO pool consistently shown to relieve androgen-elicited MYC repression. In the end, we systemically assessed androgen effects in the 8q24-MYC locus and along PCa genome to generalize H3K27ac and BRD4 re-distribution from pioneer factors (FoxA1 and HoxB13) to AR sites. Conclusion Together, we reconciled these observations by unifying AR dual-functions that are mechanistically coupled to and equilibrated by co-factor redistribution. Graphical Abstract

Abscisic acid (ABA) is a conserved and important “sesquiterpene signaling molecule” widely distributed in different organisms with unique biological functions. ABA coordinates reciprocity and competition between microorganisms and their hosts. In addition, ABA also regulates immune and stress responses in plants and animals. Therefore, ABA has a wide range of applications in agriculture, medicine and related fields. The plant pathogenic ascomycete B. cinerea has been extensively studied as a model strain for ABA production. Nevertheless, there is a relative dearth of research regarding the regulatory mechanism governing ABA biosynthesis in B. cinerea. Here, we discovered that H3K9 methyltransferase BcDIM5 is physically associated with the H3K14 deacetylase BcHda1. Deletion of Bcdim5 and Bchda1 in the high ABA-producing B. cinerea TB-31 led to severe impairment of ABA synthesis. The combined analysis of RNA-seq and ChIP-seq has revealed that the absence of BcDIM5 and BcHda1 has resulted in significant global deficiencies in the normal distribution and level of H3K9me3 modification. In addition, we found that the cause of the decreased ABA production in the ΔBcdim5 and ΔBchda1 mutants was due to cluster gene repression caused by the emergence of hyper-H3K9me3 in the ABA gene cluster. We concluded that the ABA gene cluster is co-regulated by BcDIM5 and BcHda1, which are essential for the normal distribution of the B. cinerea TB-31 ABA gene cluster H3K9me3. This work expands our understanding of the complex regulatory network of ABA biosynthesis and provides a theoretical basis for genetic improvement of high-yielding ABA strains.

At present, due to the limitations of technology and resources, the comprehensive budget management generally has problems such as imperfect foundation of establishment, weak binding force of execution, and lack of performance appraisal system. These problems become more prominent in the context of the era of big data. The use of big data technology, such as large capacity, real-time control, intelligent Settings and other characteristics, will be able to improve the current many problems. Therefore, this paper focuses on how to combine big data with comprehensive budget management. This paper holds that it is not enough for comprehensive budget management to stay in the current stage, but also need to use big data technology, which is a higher level of information stage. Therefore, this paper adopts the method of double subordination fuzzy support vector machine to study the effect of budget management of scientific research projects in Chinese universities. Based on the construction of comprehensive budget management performance evaluation index system throughout the whole process of college budget cycle, taking S university as an example, this paper analyzes the performance of comprehensive budget management in S university, and points out that big data can optimize and innovate the budget management mode, which has great significance for college budget management.

Baicalin is a small molecule medication used to treat hepatitis. Our research group discovered that administering baicalin orally to mice following fecal microbiota transplantation from patients resistant to ICIs supported anti-PD-1 activity. However, the precise mechanisms behind this effect are presently unknown. In this present study, ATB-treated C57BL/6 J mice received FMT from patients with advanced NSCLC amenable to αPD-1. Additionally, subcutaneous LLC cells were injected into the mice. Baicalin oral gavage and αPD-1 injection were administered to the mice on days 3 and 9 after tumour inoculation. 16 S rRNA, metabolomics, and flow cytometry were utilized to clarify the mechanisms of baicalin's relief of immunosuppression. The results indicated that oral administration of baicalin enriched bacteria such as Akkermansia and Clostridia_UCG-014, resulted in an increase in SCFAs, which improved the ratio of PD-1+ (CD8+ T cell/Treg) and promoted the levels of IFN-γ+ CD8+ T cells and TNF-α+ CD8+ T cells within the tumour microenvironment. In conclusion, baicalin regulates the metabolites of the gut microbiota to improve the PD-1+ (CD8+ T cell/Treg) balance and circumvent anti-PD-1 resistance. This is achieved through the regulation of short-chain fatty acids.

Background Klotho is closely related to the occurrence and development of kidney disease. Salt-sensitive hypertension (SSH) is often accompanied by kidney disease. At present, there are few reports on the role and molecules mechanism of klotho in renal injury in SSH. Objective To investigate the role and molecules mechanism of klotho in renal injury in SSH. Methods The rat glomerular mesangial cell line HBZY1 was selected as the experimental cells from June 2021 to January 2022, and the experimental cells were divided into the control group and the model group. The model of HBZY1 cell injury induced by NaCl 137 mmol/L and angiotensin Ⅱ (Ang Ⅱ) 10-6 mmol/L was used to simulate the renal injury in SSH, and the cells were collected. The differences in the expression of klotho mRNA and protein were detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western Blot. The interference vector and overexpression vector of klotho and the overexpression vector of angiotensin Ⅱ type 1 receptor (AT1R) were constructed. The klotho interference experiments were divided into five groups, including the control group, empty group, klotho-siRNA1 group, klotho-siRNA2 group and klotho-siRNA3 group; the klotho overexpression experiments were divided into three groups, including the control group, empty group and klotho overexpression group; the AT1R overexpression experiments were divided into three groups, including the control group, empty group and AT1R overexpression group. The constructed vectors were transfected into cells with verified transfection efficiency. After successful transfection, the experiment was divided into two parts. The first part of the experiment was to verify the renal protective effect of klotho, the experiment subjects were divided into four groups, including the control group, model group, klotho overexpression group and klotho interference group. The second part of the experiment was to explore whether the renal protective effect of klotho was related to AT1R, the experiment subjects were divided into three groups, including the model group, klotho overexpression group and klotho+AT1R overexpression group. After successful transfection, the tests including cell viability detected by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) method, reactive oxygen species (ROS) content detected by flow cytometry, malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) content in cell supernatant detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) , interaction effect between kltho and AT1R detected by co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) . Results Compared with the control group, mRNA level and protein expression of klotho in the model group decreased in model group (t=7.102, 7.506; P=0.002, 0.002) , klotho-siRNA2 interference effect was more significant (P

Melatonin is an important hormone regulating sleep and wake cycle, which can alleviate and delay the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) by reducing amyloid ⁃ β protein (Aβ) deposition, inhibiting tau protein hyperphosphorylation, alleviating oxidative stress damage and inflammatory response, improving cholinergic system function, regulating neuronal autophagy, and other mechanisms. This article reviews the role of melatonin in the pathological injury mechanism of AD, so as to explore the clinical application prospect of melatonin in AD.

UCA1 is predicted to bind to miR-132, which is a key player in the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). This research studied the role of lncRNA UCA1 in atherosclerosis. The binding of UCA1 to miR-132 was proved by dual luciferase activity assay and RNA immunoprecipitation. UCA1 and miR-132 failed to affect each other’s expression in VSMCs. UCA1 was upregulated and miR-132 was decreased in atherosclerosis plasma. However, they are not closely correlated across atherosclerosis and control plasma sample. Interestingly, UCA1 suppressed the role of miR-132 in downregulating Lrrfip1 expression and promoting VSMC proliferation. Therefore, UCA1 is downregulated in atherosclerosis and may regulate miR-132/Lrrfip1 axis to promote VSMC proliferation.

Abstract Aim To examine the status quo and influencing factors of sleep quality and work engagement of nurses participating in COVID‐19 during the post‐epidemic era and to study the relationship between them. Design We conducted a cross‐sectional survey and correlational and predictive logic to determine the association between sleep quality and work engagement among nurses in Shanghai during the post‐epidemic era. Methods This design involved 1060 frontline nurses in Shanghai. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index questionnaire and the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale‐9 scales were used for data collection. Results This study found that the sleep quality of frontline nurses was impaired and the nurses with poor sleep accounted for 48.20% during the post‐epidemic era. The work engagement of frontline nurses was at the medium level. Factors affecting nurses' sleep quality were the number of nurse night shifts, family support and nurse health. The factors affecting the nurse work engagement were monthly income, profession title, family support and self‐health status. There was a positive correlation between nurses' sleep quality and work engagement.

The miR-141-3p has been reported to participate in regulating autophagy and tumor-stroma interactions in ovarian cancer (OC). We aim to investigate whether miR-141-3p accelerates the progression of OC and its effect on macrophage 2 polarization by targeting the Kelch-like ECH-associated protein1-Nuclear factor E2-related factor2 (Keap1-Nrf2) pathway. SKOV3 and A2780 cells were transfected with miR-141-3p inhibitor and negative control to confirm the regulation of miR-141-3p on OC development. Moreover, the growth of tumors in xenograft nude mice treated by cells transfected with miR-141-3p inhibitor was established to further testify the role of miR-141-3p in OC. The expression of miR-141-3p was higher in OC tissue compared with non-cancerous tissue. Downregulation of miR-141-3p inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of ovarian cells. Furthermore, miR-141-3p inhibition also suppressed M2-like macrophage polarization and in vivo OC progression. Inhibition of miR-141-3p significantly enhanced the expression of Keap1, the target gene of miR-141-3p, and thus downregulated Nrf2, while activation of Nrf2 reversed the reduction in M2 polarization by miR-141-3p inhibitor. Collectively, miR-141-3p contributes to tumor progression, migration, and M2 polarization of OC by activating the Keap1-Nrf2 pathway. Inhibition of miR-141-3p attenuates the malignant biological behavior of ovarian cells by inactivating the Keap1-Nrf2 pathway.

In order to realize the intelligent prediction of valve inlet water temperature of a voltage sourced converter-high voltage direct current (VSC-HVDC) valve cooling system, a prediction model of inlet water temperature of VSC-HVDC based on a hybrid model of the random forest (RF) and bi-directional long short-term memory (BiLSTM) is proposed, and the cooling capacity of the cooling system is evaluated on the basis of the proposed prediction model. Firstly, a RF algorithm is used to analyze the importance of high-dimensional feature sets, which consist of all the monitoring variables of the valve cooling system. Then the important characteristic parameters affecting the inlet water temperature are filtered out to form an input feature vector with the historical inlet water temperature. Secondly, the feature vector is input to the developed BiLSTM prediction model to train the model for accurately predicting inlet valve water temperature and quantitatively evaluating the cooling capacity. Finally, a VSC-HVDC converter station in Guangdong power grid is taken as an example to verify the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method. Simulation results indicate that the accuracy of the proposed hybrid model based on RF-BiLSTM is higher than that based on BiLSTM model, RF model, support vector machine (SVM) model and auto-regressive and moving average (ARMA) model. Moreover, the cooling capacity is evaluated quantitatively and accurately. Analysis results show that the cooling margin of this converter station is up to 98%, which indicates that there is a problem of overcooling and energy waste. The evaluation result of the cooling capacity is well consistent with the field operation result of the converter station, which confirms the effectiveness and the accuracy of the proposed method.

Objective: Reducing the degradation of anthocyanins in blueberry during drying. Methods: The far infrared drying was applied to the drying of blueberries, and compared with traditional hot air drying to explore the degradation characteristics of major anthocyanins and the changes of PPO enzyme activity and antioxidant capacity of blueberries under different drying methods. Results: High retention of two major anthocyanins （D3G and C3G） in blueberries under far-infrared drying, and the second-order mathematical model could better simulate their degradation process. Compared with hot-air drying, the rate constants （k） and entropy values （ΔS） of far-infrared dried blueberry anthocyanins were smaller, and the half-life values （t1/2）, activation energy values （Ea） and enthalpy values （ΔH） were larger. The two drying methods produced similar effects on PPO enzyme activity, but the enzyme activity of the far-infrared drying group was generally lower than that of the hot-air drying group after 4 h. In addition, the highest anthocyanin retention and free radical scavenging ability of dried blueberry fruits were observed under far-infrared 60 ℃ drying conditions. Conclusion: Under the same drying temperature, far-infrared drying can reduce the degradation of anthocyanins and improve the drying quality of blueberries compared with traditional hot air drying.

Streak Tube Imaging Lidar (STIL), with advantages of non-scanning working mode, small distortion, high image framing rate, high resolution in low contrast environment, compact structure, easy miniaturization and high reliability, has a wide range of applications in military, aerospace, space confrontation, attack and defense, and marine law enforcement. This article introduces the principle of single-slit and multi-slit streak tube imaging lidar. It also introduces a single-slit general streak camera that can be used for imaging lidar. In addition, a multi-slit miniaturized streak tube with a single-lens focusing system with a total length of about 200 mm has been designed. The results of the 3D electromagnetic simulation show that the effective photocathode area of this streak tube reaches 36 mm × 36 mm, the temporal resolution is better than 50 ps, the dynamic spatial resolution can reach 12 lp/mm, and the whole photocathode can accommodate at least 19 slits in the effective detection range. The streak tube has a meshless structure, which is highly reliable. The streak tube can be used to increase the field of view of the imaging lidar system, improve the reliability, and achieve system miniaturization.

Cervical cancer is a typical cancer characterized by abnormal cell growth in the cervical area. Ginkgo biloba L. is a deciduous tree of the genus Ginkgo, possessing anti-cancer effects. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of strain J1 from Ginkgo biloba L. on apoptosis of cervical cancer cells. Bacteriostatic activity test, MTT assay and Flow cytometry were used in this study. Crude extract of J1 fermentation reduced cell growth in cervical cancer. The crude extract of the fermentation broth of strain J1 had a good inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus. The crude extract of the J1 fermentation had no toxic effect on normal WISH cells in the range of anti-cervical cancer concentration. Crude extract of J1 fermentation induced apoptosis and regulated cell cycle in cervical cancer. The active compounds were separated and identified by preparative chromatography, and more than ten compounds were obtained. Our study suggests that the crude extract of J1 fermentation from Endophytic fungi of Ginkgo biloba reduced cell growth, and promoted apoptosis of cervical cancer, and is a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of cervical carcinoma.

Abstract Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic skin disease caused by skin immune dyshomeostasis and accompanied by severe pruritus. Although oxidative stress and mechanical scratching can aggravate AD inflammation, treatment targeting scratching is often overlooked, and the efficiency of mechano-chemically synergistic therapy remains unclear. Here, we find that enhanced phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is associated with scratch-exacerbated AD. We then develop a multifunctional hydrogel dressing that integrates oxidative stress modulation with FAK inhibition to synergistically treat AD. We show that the adhesive, self-healing and antimicrobial hydrogel is suitable for the unique scratching and bacterial environment of AD skin. We demonstrate that it can scavenge intracellular reactive oxygen species and reduce mechanically induced intercellular junction deficiency and inflammation. Furthermore, in mouse AD models with controlled scratching, we find that the hydrogel alleviates AD symptoms, rebuilds the skin barrier, and inhibits inflammation. These results suggest that the hydrogel integrating reactive oxygen species scavenging and FAK inhibition could serve as a promising skin dressing for synergistic AD treatment.

Summary: Peptic ulcer disease caused by environmental factors increases the risk of developing gastric cancer (GC), one of the most common and deadly cancers in the world. However, the mechanisms underlying this association remain unclear. A major type of GC uniquely undergoes spasmolytic polypeptide-expressing metaplasia (SPEM) followed by intestinal metaplasia. Notably, intestinal-type GC patients with high levels of YAP signaling exhibit a lower survival rate and poor prognosis. YAP overexpression in gastric cells induces atrophy, metaplasia, and hyperproliferation, while its deletion in a Notch-activated gastric adenoma model suppresses them. By defining the YAP targetome genome-wide, we demonstrate that YAP binds to active chromatin elements of SPEM-related genes, which correlates with the activation of their expression in both metaplasia and ulcers. Single-cell analysis combined with our YAP signature reveals that YAP signaling is activated during SPEM, demonstrating YAP as a central regulator of SPEM in gastric neoplasia and regeneration.

The functional link between MYC and CTCF in prostate cancer remains to be investigated. Here, the authors highlight the role of MYC in rewiring chromatin architecture by interacting with CTCF protein.

The temperature distribution of turbine blades can be revealed through the measurement, which is valuable for performance evaluation, failure analysis and optimization design of turbine blade.The higher requirement for the temperature measurement technique of aero-engine is put forward by continuously increasing of turbine inlet temperature.Three types of contact temperature measurement technologies for turbine blade are primarily introduced in this paper, including thin film thermocouple, crystal temperature sensor and temperature sensitive paint.The working principles are illustrated briefly.The application status at home and abroad is reviewed.The advantages and drawbacks are summarized, and the development direction of the three temperature measurement technologies is discussed.

With the rapid development of industry, Cr has become one of the major heavy metal pollutants in soil, severely impacting soil microecology, among which rhizosphere microorganisms can improve the soil microenvironment to promote plant growth. However, how rhizosphere bacterial communities respond to Cr stress under different cultivation modes remains to be further studied. Therefore, in this study, a greenhouse pot experiment combined with 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technology was used to study the effects of Cr stress at 200 mg kg−1 on the bacterial community structure and diversity in the rhizosphere soil of Iris tectorum under different cultivation modes. The results showed that the rhizosphere bacterial community diversity index (Shannon and Simpson) and abundance index (Ace and Chao) increased significantly with wetland plant diversity under Cr stress. Moreover, the bacterial community changed by 20.1% due to the addition of Cr, further leading to a 15.9% decrease in the common species of the bacterial community, among which Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, and Acidobacteriota accounted for more than 74.8% of the total sequence. However, with the increase in plant diversity, the abundance of rhizosphere-dominant bacteria and plant growth-promoting bacteria communities increased significantly. Meanwhile, the symbiotic network analysis found that under the two cultivation modes, the synergistic effect between the dominant bacteria was significantly enhanced, and the soil microenvironment was improved. In addition, through redundancy analysis, it was found that C, N, and P nutrients in uncontaminated soil were the main driving factors of bacterial community succession in the rhizosphere of I. tectorum, and Cr content in contaminated soil was the main driving factor of bacterial community succession in I. tectorum rhizosphere. In summary, the results of this study will provide a basis for the response of the rhizosphere bacterial community to Cr and the interaction between wetland plants and rhizosphere bacteria in the heavy metal restoration of wetland plants under different cultivation modes.

The S-box based on LUT is widely used in the reconfigurable block cipher. It is not efficient in area for the expended resources. In this paper, the Hierarchy LUT architecture based on 4R/1W memory unit is proposed to compose the reconfigurable S-box. The 4R/1W can reduce the numbers of the storage unit in the reconfigurable S-box. The proposed Hierarchy LUT is applicable for different sets of ciphers and it is implemented under 40 nm CMOS technology to compare with similar work. The comparison result shows that the proposed Hierarchy LUT gains 6.88% to 51.76% resource efficiency improvement.

The gearbox vibration signal contains nonlinear impact characteristics, and the significant feature information tends to be overwhelmed with other interference components. Aiming at the key issue of how to effectively extract its impact characteristics, a fault diagnosis method based on an improved extreme symmetric mode decomposition (ESMD) and support vector machine (SVM) as well as a dynamics model of spur bevel gear for investigating typically gearbox fault mechanism is proposed. In this method, the vibration signal is adaptively decomposed into multiple IMF components by the improved ESMD, and then a certain number of components are selected with the maximum kurtosis-envelope spectrum index. Meanwhile, the singular values of each selected IMF are extracted to construct the feature vector set, which is input into the SVM for the fault pattern recognition finally. Dynamic simulation and gearbox experimental research show that the improved ESMD-SVM method can extract and identify gearbox fault information effectively.

Captive and free-living wildlife serve as significant hosts for Giardia duodenalis. Asiatic black bears, valued for their economic and medicinal importance, are extensively farmed in China and also prevalent in zoos. However, studies on G. duodenalis in these animals in China are limited. Here, 218 feces samples of Asiatic black bears were collected: 36 from a zoo in Heilongjiang Province, and 182 from a farm in Fujian Province. Nested PCR of the SSU rRNA gene, followed by sequencing, was employed to determine the frequency and assemblage distribution of G. duodenalis. Positive samples underwent further analysis through multilocus genotyping (MLG) by amplifying the genes for glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh), β-giardin (bg), and triosephosphate isomerase (tpi). Of the 218 samples, G. duodenalis was detected in 22 cases at the SSU rRNA gene locus, including three from Heilongjiang and 19 from Fujian. Three assemblages were identified: A (n = 1), B (n = 16), and E (n = 2) in Fujian; and B (n = 3) in Heilongjiang. Out of the 22 positive samples, 20, 19, and 9 were effectively amplified and sequenced across the tpi, gdh, and bg loci, respectively. Seven samples were genotyped successfully at all three loci, identifying MLG-B1 (n = 1), MLG-B2 (n = 1), and MLG-B3 (n = 1), MLG-B4 (n = 1), MLG-B5 (n = 2), and MLG-B6 (n = 1) as the six assemblage B MLGs. This study marks the first documentation of G. duodenalis in Asiatic black bears in captivity in Fujian and Heilongjiang. The identification of zoonotic assemblages A and B, along with E, underscores potential public health concerns.

Wild rodents serve as reservoirs for Cryptosporidium and are overpopulated globally. However, genetic data regarding Cryptosporidium in these animals from China are limited. Here, we have determined the prevalence and genetic characteristics of Cryptosporidium among 370 wild rodents captured from three distinct locations in the southern region of Zhejiang Province, China. Fresh feces were collected from the rectum of each rodent, and DNA was extracted from them. The rodent species was identified by PCR amplifying the vertebrate cytochrome b gene. Cryptosporidium was detected by PCR amplification and amplicon sequencing the small subunit of ribosomal RNA gene. Positive samples of C. viatorum and C. parvum were further subtyped by analyzing the 60-kDa glycoprotein gene. A positive Cryptosporidium result was found in 7% (26/370) of samples, involving five rodent species: Apodemus agrarius (36), Niviventer niviventer (75), Rattus losea (18), R. norvegicus (155), and R. tanezumi (86). Their respective Cryptosporidium positive rates were 8.3%, 5.3%, 11.1%, 7.1%, and 7.0%. Sequence analysis confirmed the presence of three Cryptosporidium species: C. parvum (4), C. viatorum (1), and C. muris (1), and two genotypes: Cryptosporidium rat genotype IV (16) and C. mortiferum-like (4). Additionally, two subtypes of C. parvum (IIdA15G1 and IIpA19) and one subtype of C. viatorum (XVdA3) were detected. These results demonstrate that various wild rodent species in Zhejiang were concurrently infected with rodent-adapted and zoonotic species/genotypes of Cryptosporidium, indicating that these rodents can play a role in maintaining and dispersing this parasite into the environment and other hosts, including humans.

Wild rodents are key carriers of various human pathogens, including Blastocystis spp. Our study aimed to assess the prevalence and genetic characteristics of Blastocystis among wild rodents in the Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region and Liaoning Province of China. From November 2023 to February 2024, 486 rodents were captured in these regions. Fresh feces were collected from the intestines of each rodent for the isolation of DNA and PCR amplification of the vertebrate cytochrome b (cytb) gene to identify rodent species. Subsequently, PCR analysis and sequencing of the partial small subunit of the ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene were utilized to detect Blastocystis in all fecal samples. Of the total samples, 27.4% (133/486) were found to be Blastocystis positive. The results revealed the presence of four species of rodents infected with Blastocystis, 32.3% (63/195) in Rattus norvegicus, 15.1% (16/106) in Mus musculus, 20.2% (18/89) in Apodemus agrarius, and 37.5% (36/96) in Cricetulus barabensis. Sequence analysis confirmed the existence of five Blastocystis subtypes: ST1 (n = 4), ST2 (n = 2), the ST4 (n = 125, the dominant subtype), ST10 (n = 1), and a novel ST (n = 1). The identified zoonotic subtypes (ST1, ST2, ST4, and ST10) highlight the possible role played by wild rodents in the transmission of Blastocystis to humans, thereby elevating the chances of human infection. Meanwhile, the discovery of novel sequences also provides new insights into the genetic diversity of this parasite.

The combustion of biomass fuel boilers not only produces inorganic pollutants such as carbon oxides, nitrogen oxides, sulfur compounds, but also organic pollutants such as VOCs and PAHs, which directly affect the global biogeochemical cycle and atmospheric changes. Compared with foreign countries, there is relatively less research and related standards on the emission of organic pollutants from biomass fuel boilers in China. Therefore, it is necessary to study the emission characteristics of organic pollutants from biomass boilers, which can provide reference for the establishment of organic pollutant emission standards for biomass fuel boilers in China.The emission characteristics of volatile organic compounds(VOCs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) organic pollutants in the flue gas of three typical biomass-fired boilers in Chongqing were studied, and the emission concentrations of particulate matter, sulfur dioxides(SO2), and nitrogen oxides(NOX) were measured.The results show that the sulfur dioxide emissions from the three types of biomass-fired boilersrs are lower than the local standards in Chongqing, while nitrogen oxides and particulate matter have a phenomenon of exceeding the emission limits of the local standards in Chongqing. The main components of VOCs emitted from biomass powder and biomass particle combustion are OVOCs and aromatic hydrocarbons, while the main components of VOCs emitted from wood biomass combustion are alkynes. The gas-solid distribution pattern of PAHs during the combustion of three types of biomass is basically consistent. Low ring PAHs are mainly enriched in the gas phase, while medium and high ring PAHs are mainly enriched in particulate matter.

In order to improve air quality and reduce haze, Chongqing has raised the nitrogen oxide emission requirements of gas industrial boilers, reduced the emission limits, and promoted a large number of low-nitrogen transformations of industrial boilers in Chongqing. In this paper, the main generation mechanism of nitrogen oxides and different technical schemes of low nitrogen transformation were introduced. Six representative industrial boilers were selected to carry out low nitrogen transformation based on FGR technology, and nitrogen oxide emission under the reference oxygen content, smoke exhaust temperature, thermal efficiency and actual output of boilers before and after the transformation were compared and tested. The test results show that the actual output of industrial boilers can be reduced and the energy consumption of boilers can be increased by using FGR low nitrogen technology.

Blastocystis sp., a significant zoonotic parasite with a global distribution, was the focus of this study, which aimed to investigate its prevalence and genetic diversity among diarrheic and asymptomatic children in Wenzhou, China. We collected 1,032 fecal samples from Yuying Children’s Hospital, Wenzhou, China, comprising 684 from children with diarrhea and 348 from asymptomatic children. Genomic DNA extracted from these samples was used to detect Blastocystis spp. by PCR, targeting the small subunit ribosomal RNA gene. Subsequently, a phylogenetic tree was constructed, applying the maximum likelihood method. Blastocystis spp. were detected in 67 (6.5%) of the fecal samples. The prevalence rate of Blastocystis spp. in diarrheic children (8.8%; 60/684) was significantly higher than that in asymptomatic children (2.0%; 7/348) (χ 2 = 17.3, p

Tailings from gold mines gradually approach ultra-fine, making mine backfill costs higher and strength lower, which poses a serious threat to the safety of underground personnel and equipment. It is well known that suitable chemical admixtures can enhance the working properties of mortar materials. Therefore, in order to achieve the purpose of reducing the cost of ultra-fine tailings backfill and improving the working performance of ultra-fine tailings filling slurry, this paper provides a study on the effect of sodium silicate and calcium chloride on the properties of ultra-fine tailings cemented backfill materials. The results of experimental studies through rheology, strength, and microstructural tests, etc., showed that the optimal proportioning parameters of cementitious materials are 76.92% blast furnace slag, 19.24% carbide slag, and admixtures of 2.88% sodium silicate and 0.96% calcium chloride. The 3, 7, and 28-day uniaxial compressive strength of the ultra-fine tailings cemented paste backfill with the newly formulated blast furnace slag-based cementitious material increased by 124%, 142%, and 14%, respectively, compared to that of the ultra-fine tailings cemented paste backfill with the P. O42.5 cement. The setting time for ultra-fine tailings cemented backfill slurry is shortened by the addition of admixtures, and the shear stress of the slurry is correlated with the amount of hydration product generation and its formation of flocculating structure. Moreover, the cost of the newly prepared cementitious material is much lower than that of traditional cement, which lays a good foundation for the cemented filling of ultra-fine tailings.