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Abstract Cadmium‐free AgInZnS (AIZS) quantum dots (QDs) have garnered significant research interest for applications in light‐emitting diodes (LEDs); however, their performance remains limited by insulating long‐chain ligands. In this study, highly fluorescent orange‐emitting AIZS QDs are synthesized by replacing long‐chain 1‐dodecanethiol (DDT) with short‐chain 1‐octanethiol (OTT), achieving photoluminescence quantum yields of up to 80% in solution and 60% in film. The incorporation of OTT in combination with oleic acid and oleylamine as co‐capping ligands enabled excellent dispersion of the QDs in non‐polar solvents. The resulting OTT‐capped AIZS QDs exhibited improved film smoothness and reduced nonradiative recombination. Furthermore, all‐solution‐processed QD light‐emitting diodes (QLEDs) are fabricated comprising indium tin oxide/poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate/hole transporting layer/AIZS QDs/ZnO electron transporting layer/Al. The effects of OTT capping and the thickness of the AIZS emitting layer on device performance are systematically evaluated. As a result, the QLEDs demonstrated enhanced luminance and current efficiency, reaching 515 cd m−2 and 0.4 cd A−1 respectively, representing improvements of over 50% and 33% compared to devices utilizing DDT‐capped AIZS QDs. This study presents a facile and effective approach for developing high‐brightness AIZS QLEDs.

Abstract In recent years, cancer immunotherapy has emerged as an exciting cancer treatment. Immune checkpoint blockade brings new opportunities for more researchers and clinicians. Programmed cell death receptor-1 (PD-1) is a widely studied immune checkpoint, and PD-1 blockade therapy has shown promising results in a variety of tumors, including melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer and renal cell carcinoma, which greatly improves patient overall survival and becomes a promising tool for the eradication of metastatic or inoperable tumors. However, low responsiveness and immune-related adverse effects currently limit its clinical application. Overcoming these difficulties is a major challenge to improve PD-1 blockade therapies. Nanomaterials have unique properties that enable targeted drug delivery, combination therapy through multidrug co-delivery strategies, and controlled drug release through sensitive bonds construction. In recent years, combining nanomaterials with PD-1 blockade therapy to construct novel single-drug-based or combination therapy-based nano-delivery systems has become an effective mean to address the limitations of PD-1 blockade therapy. In this study, the application of nanomaterial carriers in individual delivery of PD-1 inhibitors, combined delivery of PD-1 inhibitors and other immunomodulators, chemotherapeutic drugs, photothermal reagents were reviewed, which provides effective references for designing new PD-1 blockade therapeutic strategies. Graphical Abstract

Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic autoimmune disease, with the features of recurrent chronic inflammation of synovial tissue, destruction of cartilage, and bone erosion, which further affects joints tissue, organs, and systems, and eventually leads to irreversible joint deformities and body dysfunction. Therapeutic drugs for rheumatoid arthritis mainly reduce inflammation through regulating inflammatory factors. Transdermal administration is gradually being applied to the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, which can allow the drug to overcome the skin stratum corneum barrier, reduce gastrointestinal side effects, and avoid the first-pass effect, thus improving bioavailability and relieving inflammation. This paper reviewed the latest research progress of transdermal drug delivery in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, and discussed in detail the dosage forms such as gel (microemulsion gel, nanoemulsion gel, nanomicelle gel, sanaplastic nano-vesiclegel, ethosomal gel, transfersomal gel, nanoparticles gel), patch, drug microneedles, nanostructured lipid carrier, transfersomes, lyotropic liquid crystal, and drug loaded electrospinning nanofibers, which provide inspiration for the rich dosage forms of transdermal drug delivery systems for rheumatoid arthritis.

The Panax notoginseng@Ag core/shell electrospun fiber membrane was prepared by coaxial electrospinning combined with the UV reduction method (254 nm). The prepared Panax notoginseng@Ag core/shell nanofiber membrane has a three-dimensional structure, and its swelling ratio could reach as high as 199.87%. Traditional Chinese medicine Panax notoginseng can reduce inflammation, and the silver nanoparticles have antibacterial effects, which synergistically promote rapid wound healing. The developed Panax notoginseng@Ag core/shell nanofiber membrane can effectively inhibit the growth of the Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli and the Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus. The wound healing experiments in Sprague Dawley mice showed that the wound residual area rate of the Panax notoginseng@Ag core/shell electrospun nanofiber membrane group was only 1.52% on day 9, and the wound of this group basically healed on day 12, while the wound residual area rate of the gauze treatment group (control group) was 16.3% and 10.80% on day 9 and day 12, respectively. The wound of the Panax notoginseng@Ag core/shell electrospun nanofiber membrane group healed faster, which contributed to the application of the nanofiber as Chinese medicine rapid wound healing dressings.

Diabetic wounds are complications of diabetes which are caused by skin dystrophy because of local ischemia and hypoxia. Diabetes causes wounds in a pathological state of inflammation, resulting in delayed wound healing. The structure of electrospun nanofibers is similar to that of the extracellular matrix (ECM), which is conducive to the attachment, growth, and migration of fibroblasts, thus favoring the formation of new skin tissue at the wound. The composition and size of electrospun nanofiber membranes can be easily adjusted, and the controlled release of loaded drugs can be realized by regulating the fiber structure. The porous structure of the fiber membrane is beneficial to gas exchange and exudate absorption at the wound, and the fiber surface can be easily modified to give it function. Electrospun fibers can be used as wound dressing and have great application potential in the treatment of diabetic wounds. In this study, the applications of polymer electrospun fibers, nanoparticle-loaded electrospun fibers, drug-loaded electrospun fibers, and cell-loaded electrospun fibers, in the treatment of diabetic wounds were reviewed, and provide new ideas for the effective treatment of diabetic wounds.