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14. Selection of Reference Genes for Normalization of qRT‒PCR Analysis in the Soybean Aphid Aphis glycinesMatsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

Author

Wang, Zhengbing, Zhang, Hongfei, Zhang, Ziyi, Zhao, Jiayu, Ma, Feilong, Zheng, Manman, Yang, Mingsheng, Sang, Xiaoyue, Ma, Keshi, and Li, Lili

Abstract

The soybean aphid Aphis glycinesMatsumura is a predominant insect pest in Asia and North America and causes great losses to soybean. The release of genome data for A. glycineswill facilitate gene function research in the future. However, suitable reference genes for A. glycinesunder various experimental conditions are scarce. To search for appropriate reference genes for A. glycines, nine candidate reference genes, including Act, α-Tub, β-Tub, RPS12, RPS18, RPL5, RPL27, EF1α, and Fer, were tested under six experimental conditions to evaluate their suitability for use in the normalization of qRT‒PCR data. Results showed that EF1αand RPS12were optimal for the developmental stages of A. glycines, RPS18and RPS12were appropriate for wing dimorphism, β-Tuband RPS18were suitable for different tissues and RPL5, and α-Tubcould be used for normalization at different temperatures. β-Tuband EF1αcould be proposed as reference genes for insecticide treatment, and RPL5and RPS12were found to be the most stable reference genes in different photoperiods. The results provide appropriate reference genes for analyzing gene expression in A. glycinesand contribute to future research on the molecular physiology and biochemistry of A. glycines.

Published
2022
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22. Water management practices affect arsenic and cadmium accumulation in rice grains.

Author

Sun L, Zheng M, Liu H, Peng S, Huang J, Cui K, and Nie L

Subjects
Arsenic analysis, Cadmium analysis, Ecosystem, Floods, Oryza growth & development, Agricultural Irrigation, Arsenic pharmacology, Cadmium pharmacology, Edible Grain chemistry, Oryza drug effects
Abstract

Cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) accumulation in rice grains is a great threat to its productivity, grain quality, and thus human health. Pot and field studies were carried out to unravel the effect of different water management practices (aerobic, aerobic-flooded, and flooded) on Cd and As accumulation in rice grains of two different varieties. In pot experiment, Cd or As was also added into the soil as treatment. Pots without Cd or As addition were maintained as control. Results indicated that water management practices significantly influenced the Cd and As concentration in rice grains and aerobic cultivation of rice furnished less As concentration in its grains. Nonetheless, Cd concentration in this treatment was higher than the grains of flooded rice. Likewise, in field study, aerobic and flooded rice cultivation recorded higher Cd and As concentration, respectively. However, growing of rice in aerobic-flooded conditions decreased the Cd concentration by 9.38 times on average basis as compared to aerobic rice. Furthermore, this treatment showed 28% less As concentration than that recorded in flooded rice cultivation. The results suggested that aerobic-flooded cultivation may be a promising strategy to reduce the Cd and As accumulations in rice grains simultaneously.

Published
2014
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