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The fast and accurate reconstruction of the turbulence phase is crucial for compensating atmospheric disturbances in free-space coherent optical communication. Traditional methods suffer from slow convergence and inadequate phase reconstruction accuracy. This paper introduces a deep learning-based approach for atmospheric turbulence phase reconstruction, utilizing light intensity images affected by turbulence as the basis for feature extraction. The method employs extensive light intensity-phase samples across varying turbulence intensities for training, enabling phase reconstruction from light intensity images. The trained U-Net model reconstructs phases for strong, medium, and weak turbulence with an average processing time of 0.14 s. Simulation outcomes indicate an average loss function value of 0.00027 post-convergence, with a mean squared error of 0.0003 for individual turbulence reconstructions. Experimental validation yields a mean square error of 0.0007 for single turbulence reconstruction. The proposed method demonstrates rapid convergence, robust performance, and strong generalization, offering a novel solution for atmospheric disturbance correction in free-space coherent optical communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study reports the initial experience with laparoendoscopic single-site (LESS) cholecystectomy and compares it with laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) through a randomized controlled trial. Sixty selective patients diagnosed with cholelithiasis or polyp lesion of the gallbladder (PLG) were randomly divided into two groups undergoing either LESS cholecystectomy or LC separately. The clinical data about operations and recovery of the two groups were compared. In the LESS group 28 of 30 patients underwent LESS cholecystectomy successfully and the remaining two (6.7%) were converted to standard laparoscopic surgery. LC was successfully performed in all patients in the control group. Mean operative time of LESS cholecystectomy group and LC group was 55.6 ± 25.7 versus 42.7 ± 18.6 ( p < 0.05). Mean postoperative hospital stay was 3.7 ± 1.3 versus 3.8 ± 0.8 days ( p < 0.05). Mean pain index was 2.8 ± 0.6 versus 3.7 ± 1.1 (p < 0.05). A questionnaire revealed that the mean scores of satisfaction with the operation were 8.9 ± 0.7 versus 8.1 ± 1.5 (p < 0.05). LESS cholecystectomy is safe, feasible, minimally invasive, and cosmetic. It is a reasonable alternative to selective patients with uncomplicated cholelithiasis and PLG. But larger controlled studies are still needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Gallstones are a common digestive system disease., Aim: To assess the effects of laparoscopic and choledochoscopic gallbladder-preserving cholecystolithotomy on the levels of operation indicators, gallbladder function, and cholecystokinin type-A receptor (CCKAR) in patients with gallstones., Material and Methods: The medical records of 100 patients with gallstones receiving operation from July 2019 to August 2022 were collected for retrospective analysis. They were divided into a laparoscopic group (n = 48) and a laparoscopic + choledochoscopic group (n = 52). The laparoscopic group received totally laparoscopic cholecystolithotomy, while the laparoscopic + choledochoscopic group underwent laparoscopic and choledochoscopic cholecystolithotomy. Their perioperative indicators, gallbladder function, stress indicators (cortisol (Cor), norepinephrine (NE), and C-reactive protein (CRP)), serum biochemical indicators (liver receptor homologue 1 (LRH-1), CCKAR, and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)), and complications were compared., Results: The fasting gallbladder volume and gallbladder contraction rate increased, and the minimum residual volume and gallbladder wall thickness decreased in the laparoscopic + choledochoscopic group in comparison with those of the laparoscopic group 6 months after operation (p < 0.05). The levels of serum Cor, NE, CRP, and CCKAR were elevated, whereas the levels of serum LRH-1 and VIP were lowered in both groups 3 d after operation compared with those before operation (p < 0.05). The levels of serum Cor, NE, CRP, LRH-1, and VIP were lower, and the level of serum CCKAR was higher in the laparoscopic + choledochoscopic group than those in the laparoscopic group 3 d after operation (p < 0.05)., Conclusions: Both laparoscopic gallbladder-preserving cholecystolithotomy and laparoscopic and choledochoscopic cholecystolithotomy are effective for treating gallstones. However, the latter combination method is superior in enhancing postoperative gallbladder function, decreasing the recurrence risk, regulating the expressions of LRH-1, CCKAR, and VIP, and promoting the postoperative recovery of gastrointestinal function., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest., (Copyright: © 2023 Fundacja Videochirurgii.)

Background/aims: Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) are relatively new alternatives to surgery for the treatment of benign lesions in the biliary duct. This study was to explore the value of EUS in the treatment of distal inflammatory biliary stricture., Methodology: 165 patients with distal inflammatory biliary stricture underwent EUS, according to EUS, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), intraductal ultrasonography (IDUS), endoscopic retrograde biliary drainage and endoscopic biliary dilation were performed. The clinical data about therapies and recovery of 22 patients was recorded and analyzed., Results: In 165 patients, 163 cases underwent ERCP and intraductal ultrasonography (IDUS) successfully following EUS. Total 356 ERCPs were performed with 87 biliary duct stents inserted. After EUS the liver function, the thickness and pressure of biliary duct were decreased compared to these before EUS. The complication rate was 5.1% (18/356). After a follow-up of 27.6±10.6 months, strictures had not recurred in 121 patients after stents removed., Conclusion: EUS for distal inflammatory biliary stricture can be selected as a safe, effective and minimally invasive therapeutic method.

Background/aims: To summarize our experience and results of combined endoscopic and laparoscopic treatment for Mirizzi syndrome (MS) retrospectively, and to evaluate the effect of the procedures of minimally invasive strategy., Methodology: Fifty-four patients with Mirizzi syndrome were admitted to our centre. Endoscopic procedures were performed firstly to identify the Csendes Types and alleviate jaundice. Different laparoscopic surgeries were adopted according to Csendes Types. The clinical data about operation and recovery of the two groups was recorded and compared., Results: Total 63 endoscopic procedures were performed successfully in 46 cases and failed in 3 cases. Five patients were found to have MS intraoperatively. Endoscopic complication rate was 31.7% (20/63). Forty-three patients underwent laparoscopic surgeries successfully and 7 cases were converted to open surgeries. The average laparoscopic operation time was 83.2±34.7min and postoperative hospital stay was 9.5±2.4 days. Postoperative complication rate was 16.3%. Median follow-up period was 38.6 (range, 16-83) months and 4 stone recurrence occurred., Conclusion: Combined endoscopic and laparoscopic approaches in treating patients with MS are technically feasible and minimally invasive. However, laparoscopic primary suture of the defect on the wall of common bile duct is difficult; hence it is recommended it be performed by experienced hands.