Search

鹰嘴豆是一种营养价值丰富且分布广泛的豆科植物，为推进鹰嘴豆及其蛋白的高值化利用和深加工产业发展，综述了鹰嘴豆的营养特性、生物活性，鹰嘴豆蛋白的组成和结构、功能特性，以及鹰嘴豆和鹰嘴豆蛋白在食品中的应用，并对今后的研究方向进行了展望。鹰嘴豆是优质蛋白质、脂肪以及微量元素的良好来源，含有多种生物活性物质，具有抗氧化、降血糖、抗疲劳、抗癌、预防心血管疾病等生物活性；鹰嘴豆蛋白具有溶解性、吸水/吸油性、乳化性、凝胶性和起泡性等功能特性。鹰嘴豆及鹰嘴豆蛋白广泛应用于面制品、肉制品、饮料及乳制品等食品领域。未来，应加大鹰嘴豆蛋白的开发力度，深入研究鹰嘴豆蛋白与小麦粉之间的相互作用机制，同时加强对鹰嘴豆加工副产物的开发利用。Chickpea is a nutritious and widely distributed legume. In order to promote the high-value utilization and the development of further processing industry of chickpea and chickpea protein, the nutritional characteristics and biological activity of chickpea, and the composition and structure, functional properties of chickpea protein, and their application in food were reviewed, as well as the future research directions were expected. Chickpea is a good source of high-quality proteins, fats and trace elements. Chickpea contains a variety of bioactive substances with biological activity such as antioxidant, hypoglycemic, anti-fatigue, anti-cancer, and preventing cardiovascular diseases.Chickpea protein has functional properties such as solubility, water absorption, oil absorption, emulsification, gelability and foamability. Chickpea and chickpea protein are widely used in the food industry, including flour products, meat products, beverages and dairy products. In the future, efforts should be made to increase the development of chickpea protein, conduct in-depth research on the interaction mechanism between chickpea protein and wheat flour, and strengthen the development and utilization of by-products from chickpea processing.

Cold water removal and degreasing can reduce the waiting time for the cleaning solution to heat up, improve production efficiency, and reduce steam and energy consumption, which benefits environmental protection and supports sustainable economic development. In order to screen the raw materials suitable for cold water oil removal, the contact angle was used as an index to characterize their hydrophilicity, and the cleaning effects of various surfactants, washing aids and solvents on animal, vegetable and mineral oils at low temperature were tested. TEXZO-PAS80, phosphorus free detergent EDDHA-Na and ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, which were found to have a cleaning effect on animal, vegetable and mineral oils, were determined to be the raw materials for cold water oil removal and degreasing. The experimental results showed that the optimal amounts of TEXZO-PAS80, EDDHA-Na and diethylene glycol monobutyl ether for cleaning mixed oil stains under cold water conditions at 10 ℃ were 3, 3, and 2 g/L, respectively.

An electro-optic tunable lithium-niobate (LN) waveguide Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) is designed and fabricated with the annealed proton-exchange process. The MZI consists of a straight waveguide arm and a bent waveguide arm with a SiO2 film deposited on the two sides. The residual stress generated by the SiO2 film can enhance the index contrast of the bent waveguide arm and thus reduce the bending loss of the MZI. A comparison of several experimental devices fabricated on the same chip size of 50 ~mm \times 7 mm confirms significant reduction of the insertion loss by incorporating the SiO2 film. For our best sample, which functions as a tunable comb filter with a channel spacing of 0.75 nm in the C-band, the insertion losses of the two output ports are 13.5 and 6 dB, respectively, and the corresponding maximum extinction ratios are $\sim 23$ and $\sim 1.5$ dB. The device has an electrical wavelength-tuning sensitivity of $\sim 0.2$ nm/V and a temperature sensitivity of $\sim 0.1$ nm/°C. Our design approach can significantly improve the quality of LN devices that require waveguide bends. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

In this paper, we obtain the uniform estimate for discounted aggregate claims in the continuous-time renewal model of upper-tailed independent and heavy-tailed random variables. With constant interest force and constant premium rate, we establish a uniform simple asymptotic formula for ruin probability of the renewal model in the case where the initial surplus is large. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Let { X( t), t ∈ ℝ+} be an integrated α stable process. In this paper, a functional law of the iterated logarithm (LIL) is derived via estimating the small ball probability of X. As a corollary, the classical Chung LIL of X is obtained. Furthermore, some results about the weighted occupation measure of X( t) are established. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we propose a customer-arrival-based insurance risk model, in which customer's actual claim sizes are described as i.i.d. heavy-tailed r.v.'s multiplied with a generalized shot function, and the model can be treated as a generalized Poisson shot noise process. We obtain some precise large deviation results for the actual loss process and extend the results to the multi-risk model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract  Let B 0 H = {B 0 H (t), t ∈ R + N } be a real-valued fractional Brownian sheet. Define the (N, d)-Gaussian random field B H by B H (t) = (B 1 H (t), ..., B d H (t)) t ∈ R + N , where B 1 H , ..., B d H are independent copies of B 0 H . The existence and joint continuity of local times of B H is proven in some given conditions in [22]. We then study further properties of the local times of B H , such as the moments of increments of local times, the large increments and the maximum moduli of continuity of local times and as a result, we answer the questions posed in [22]. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To evaluate the usefulness of contrast-enhanced sonography (CEUS) in the diagnosis of small hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) measuring < or =2 cm in diameter. Methods: We identified 104 focal liver lesions measuring < or =2 cm in 104 consecutive patients who were enrolled for baseline sonography (BUS) and CEUS examination (49 HCCs, 55 non-HCCs). A real-time, contrast-specific mode of contrast pulse sequencing and a sulphur hexafluoride-filled microbubble contrast agent were used for CEUS. The diagnostic performances of BUS and CEUS in differentiating focal liver lesions (HCC or non-HCC) were analyzed and compared. Results: On CEUS, 43 (87.8%) of the 49 HCC lesions were hyperenhanced, 5 (10.2%) were isoenhanced, and 1 (2%) was hypoenhanced during the arterial phase when compared with adjacent liver tissue. Thirty-nine (79.6%) HCCs exhibited washout from the portal phase to the late phase. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and overall accuracy before and after contrast agent administration were 28.6% (14/49) versus 79.6% (39/49) (p < 0.001), 94.5% (52/55) versus 92.7% (51/55) (p > 0.05), 82.4% (14/17) versus 90.7% (39/43) (p > 0.05), 59.8% (52/87) versus 90.7% (39/43) (p < 0.01), and 63.5% (66/104) versus 86.5% (90/104) (p < 0.001), respectively. No significant difference in diagnostic performance of CEUS was found between lesions measuring < or =1.5 cm and those 1.6-2 cm and between lesions located at a depth of < or =6 cm from the skin and those located deeper. Conclusions: CEUS significantly improved the diagnostic performance in characterization of small HCCs < or =2 cm compared with BUS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Let { X, X 1, X 2,...} be a strictly stationary φ-mixing sequence which satisfies E X = 0, E X 2(log2 | X|)2 < ∞ and φ( n) = O(1/(log n) T ) for some T > 2. Let S n = Σ X k and a n = O(√ n/(log2 n) γ ) for some γ > 1/2. We prove that . The results of Gut and Spătaru (2000) are special cases of ours. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Let {X, Xn, n ≥ 1} be a sequence of a strictly stationary φ-mixing positive random variables, which is in the domain of attraction of the normal law, and tn be a positive, integer random variable and denote [image omitted], [image omitted] and E X = μ > 0. Under a general condition about tn and [image omitted], we show that the self-normalized random products of the partial sums, [image omitted], is still asymptotically lognormal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Let { X n , n ≥ 0} be an AR(1) process. Let Q( n) be the rescaled range statistic, or the R/ S statistic for { X n } which is given by $$ (\max _{{1 \leqslant k \leqslant n}} ({\sum\nolimits_{j = 1}^k {(X_{j} - \bar{X}_{n} )) - \min _{{1 \leqslant k \leqslant n}} ({\sum\nolimits_{j = 1}^k {(X_{j} - \bar{X}_{n} )))/(n^{{ - 1}} {\sum\nolimits_{j = 1}^n {(X_{j} - \bar{X}_{n} )^{2} )^{{1/2}} } }} }} } $$ where $$ \bar{X}_{n} = n^{{ - 1}} {\sum\nolimits_{j = 1}^n {X_{j} .} } $$ In this paper we show a law of iterated logarithm for rescaled range statistics Q( n) for AR(1) model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we introduce a class of Gaussian processes , the so called bifractional Brownian motion with the indexes H = (H1, • • •,HN) and α. We consider the (N, d,H,α) Gaussian random field [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we establish some limit theorems on the increments of anlp-valued multi-parameter Gaussian process under weaker conditions than those of Csörgo-Shao theorems published in Ann. Probab. (1993). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]