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Photooxidation is the major physiological performance of the Lagerstroemia indica chlorosis mutant gl1 under field conditions. The mechanisms of the progressive symptoms of oxidative damage from the lower older leaves to the upper mature leaves are complicated and still unclear. The aim of this work was to investigate the physiological mechanisms of oxidative stress from the perspective of the photosynthetic metabolites. The phytosynthetic metabolites of gl1 mutant changed significantly compared to wild type (WT) L. indica, such as by increasing phenolics, decreasing soluble sugar, protein and ascorbate, and redistributing antioxidant enzyme activities. The co-accumulation of phenolics and guaiacol-POD in gl1 mutant promote the removal of H

Increasing studies have revealed that a subset of circular RNAs (circRNAs) harbor an open reading frame and can act as protein-coding templates to generate functional proteins that are closely associated with multiple physiological and disease-relevant processes, and thus proper regulation of synthesis of these circRNA-derived proteins is a fundamental cellular process required for homeostasis maintenance. However, how circRNA translation initiation is coordinated by different trans-acting factors remains poorly understood. In particular, the impact of different eukaryotic translation initiation factors (eIFs) on circRNA translation and the physiological relevance of this distinct regulation have not yet been characterized. In this study, we screened all 43 Drosophila eIFs and revealed the conflicting functions of eIF3 subunits in the translational control of the translatable circRNA circSfl: eIF3 is indispensable for circSfl translation, while the eIF3-associated factor eIF3j is the most potent inhibitor. Mechanistically, the binding of eIF3j to circSfl promotes the disassociation of eIF3. The C-terminus of eIF3j and an RNA regulon within the circSfl untranslated region (UTR) are essential for the inhibitory effect of eIF3j. Moreover, we revealed the physiological relevance of eIF3j-mediated circSfl translation repression in response to heat shock. Finally, additional translatable circRNAs were identified to be similarly regulated in an eIF3j-dependent manner. Altogether, our study provides a significant insight into the field of cap-independent translational regulation and undiscovered functions of eIF3.

Metal-induced genes are usually transcribed at relatively low levels under normal conditions and are rapidly activated by heavy metal stress. Many of these genes respond preferentially to specific metal-stressed conditions. However, the mechanism by which the general transcription machinery discriminates metal stress from normal conditions and the regulation of MTF-1-meditated metal discrimination are poorly characterized. Using a focused RNAi screening in Drosophila Schneider 2 (S2) cells, we identified a novel activator, the Drosophila gawky, of metal-responsive genes. Depletion of gawky has almost no effect on the basal transcription of the metallothionein (MT) genes, but impairs the metal-induced transcription by inducing the dissociation of MTF-1 from the MT promoters and the deficient nuclear import of MTF-1 under metal-stressed conditions. This suggests that gawky serves as a ‘checkpoint’ for metal stress and metal-induced transcription. In fact, regular mRNAs are converted into gawky-controlled transcripts if expressed under the control of a metal-responsive promoter, suggesting that whether transcription undergoes gawky-mediated regulation is encrypted therein. Additionally, lack of gawky eliminates the DNA binding bias of MTF-1 and the transcription preference of metal-specific genes. This suggests a combinatorial control of metal discrimination by gawky, MTF-1, and MTF-1 binding sites.

Acidic ionic liquids are widely utilized as catalysts in acid-catalyzed reactions. The acidity of SO3H-functionalized Bronsted acidic ionic liquids (S-BAILs) in aqueous solutions was systematically...

On account of the mechanical disturbance of external chest pressing to electrocardiogram(ECG)signal,the ECG rhythm cannot be identified reliably during the cardio-pulmonary resuscitation period.Whereas the possibility of successful resuscitation will be lowered due to interrupted external chest pressing,a new filtering algorithm,enhanced leastmean-square(eLMS)algorithm,was proposed and developed in our laboratory.The algorithm can filter the disturbance of external chest pressing without the support of hardware reference signal and correctly identify ventricular fibrillation(VF)rhythm and normal sinus rhythm in case of uninterrupted external chest pressing.Without other reference signals,this algorithm realizes filtering only through the interrupted electrocardiograma(cECG)signal.It was verified with ECG signal and disturbance signal under different signal to noise ratios and contrasted with other mature algorithms.The verification results showed that the identification effect of eLMS was superior to those of others under different signal to noise ratios.Furthermore,ECG rhythm can be correctly identified only through cECG signal.This algorithm not only reduces the research and development(RD)costs of automated external defibrillator but also raises the identification accuracy of ECG rhythm and the possibility of successful resuscitation.

This report describes a project which creates an upgraded topology based on the Internet service provider (ISP) environment. In the current service provider network, reliability, availability and management have become issues which need to be considered. Many technologies have been presented to solve these issues. This project is based on the virtual environment finished by simulators which are tools necessary to accomplish the project. In this project, two simulators are applied. One simulator creates a network topology which can be used to simulate real architecture, check all the protocols and process packets exchange. The second simulator deals with traffic. In the virtual environment, the simulated traffic will be created, collected and analysed. From this operation, a report about the advantages and disadvantages in both the current and the upgraded network environments will be generated. Detailed results are then compared, explained and clearly presented using data format.

Highly uniform polyaniline-Ag nanocable arrays (NCAs) had been electrodeposited into the anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) template for supercapacitor studies. Each nanocable has the average values dimensions, with approximately length of 20 μm and diameter of 100 nm. The supercapacitor using PANI-Ag nanocable arrays as electrode showed excellent stability over a long cycle-life by cyclic voltammogram tests. The capacitance value of the electrode was as high as 850 Fg −1 at 10 mVs −1 sweep rate, and there was a decrease in capacitance with an increase of current density. These interesting results indicated that PANI-Ag NCAs could be an ideal alternative to carbon based electrodes, regular conducting polymers and metal oxides for the fabrication of supercapacitor.

Highly uniform Co/Cu multilayer nanowire arrays had been electrodeposited into the nanochannels of porous anodic aluminum oxide template. X-ray diffraction pattern showed that Co and Cu grow in their HCP and FCC structures, respectively. Each nanowire had the same length with 20 μm and the diameter with 50 nm. The thickness of Co was 50 nm and Cu layer was about 5 nm. Magnetic measurements of the nanowire arrays showed that the magnetic coercivity for the applied field parallel to the nanowires is larger than that perpendicular to the anowires. The magnetic coercivity of Co multilayer nanowire arrays is smaller than that of the Co/Cu nanowire arrays and the crystal direction of Co layers were not obviously affected by Cu layer. The Co/Cu nanowire arrays exhibited excellent Giant Magneto Resistive ratio of about 75%.