Search

Low anterior resection (LAR) with total mesorectal excision has been considered a standard treatment for patients with rectal cancer. However, the functional outcome and life quality of laparoscopic LAR (LLAR) in Chinese patients remain unclear. A cohort of 51 Chinese patients (22 men and 29 women) who had undergone LLAR was included in this study. Anorectal manometry combined with the Wexner scores questionnaire were applied to assess functional outcome preoperatively (1 week) and postoperatively (at 3, 6 and 9 months). The validated Chinese versions of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer QLQ-C30 and QLQ-CR38 questionnaires were also used to assess the patients' quality of life at the indicated time points. The results demonstrated that the manometric parameters exhibited a temporary decrease at 3 months postoperatively, but a gradual increase at 6 and 9 months, while the Wexner scores exhibited an opposite trend. Furthermore, patients with high anastomoses had significantly higher manometric parameters, a lower frequency of incontinence and lower Wexner scores compared with those with low anastomoses at 9 months (all P

The acrylic emulsion adhesive was modified by D4 and KH570 with chemical process, and we can get the modified product successfully via the best technology parameter which was confirmed by orthogonal experiment. The structure of acrylic was characterized by FTIR, while there was a comparative study on the macroscopic properties and thermal stability of the unmodified and modified product. The results showed that when m(D4):m(KH570) was 2:1, the dosage of emulsifier was 3.0%, the dosage of KPS was 4.0%, the monomer(soft and hard) ratio was 1:1, the stability of the acrylic emulsion adhesive modified by double siloxane was good, and its viscosity, water resistance, heat resistance were improved greatly.

The waterborne polyurethane (WPU) modified by epoxy resin was synthesized by using isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), poly propylene glycol (PPG-1000), 2,2-dimethylol propionic acid (DMPA) and epoxy resin as the main raw materials. The WPU properties were characterized by TGA, FTIR, and so on. The study shows that whennNCO/nOH=1.4, the mount of DMPA is 5.0%, the emulsifying property of WPU which is modified epoxy resin with high epoxy value is well. And when the mounts of E-20, E-44 are 2.0%, 4.0% respectively, the synthesized emulsion with small size has well stability. The modified WPU which possesses high hardness, low water absorption, good heat resistance and anticorrosion, has a well combination property.

The epoxy acrylate emulsion was made by hybrid emulsion polymerization. This method has simple technology, none solvent and friend to the environment. The epoxy acrylate hybrid emulsion was prepared by using core-shell emulsion polymerization technology. The factors, such as epoxy resin, emulsifier ,initiator and functional monomer, were investigated by the orthogonal experiment. The relation of interactional factors was confirmed, and one kind of steady emulsion was made. The best formulation condition of modified emulsion could be obtained when N-MA was 1%, MAA was 2%, emulsifier was 3%, epoxy resin was 6%, initiator was 0.6%. The structure of modified styrene acrylic hybrid emulsion was characterized by FT-IR, the peaks at 915cm-1 and 1251cm-1 correspond respectively to the motion of epoxy group and phenylate, so the graft polymer was confirmed.

Transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) has been suggested as a minimally invasive procedure of low morbidity for rectal villous adenomas and early anorectal adenocarcinomas. It has been used clinically in many areas outside of China for more than 20 years, but it began in mainland China only about 2 years ago. Some articles have reported excellent results with regard to morbidity and relapse rate with TEM, but there are no studies addressing its functional results in China until now. The aim of the present study was to analyze the effect of TEM on the manometric results.Thirty-seven patients (16 females, 21 males) underwent TEM and were followed for more than 6 months. Anorectal manometry and an incontinence questionnaire were administered 1 week preoperatively, 2 weeks postoperatively, 3 and 6 months postoperatively.Of the 37 patients, 24 had villous adenomas and 13 had adenocarcinomas (11 uT1 and 2 uT2). Anorectal manometric values showed the mean anal resting pressure (ARP) decrease from 45 +/- 6 mmHg to 29 +/- 4 mmHg (p0.05) and the maximum tolerable volume (MTV) decrease from 175 +/- 21 ml to 90 +/- 15 ml (p0.05) at the third month after TEM. Maximal squeeze pressure (MSP) decreased from 181 +/- 20 mmHg to 92 +/- 14 mmHg (p0.05) at second week after operation and returned to normal value by the third postoperative month. The ARP and MTV were 45 +/- 5 mmHg and 177 +/- 21 ml, respectively, at 6 months after TEM, near the normal value (p0.05). Rectoanal inhibitory reflex (RAIR) was absent preoperatively in two patients; it was also absent in 10 patients 3 months postoperatively and in three patients 6 months postoperatively. Endosonography demonstrated internal anal sphincter (IAS) rupture in five patients, and full integrity of the external anal sphincter (EAS) in all patients. Of the five patients with IAS rupture, four had temporary incontinence to flatus normalized up to three postoperative months. Most patients had more times of stools per day and relative higher Wexner scores in a short period after TEM. All these patients were followed for 6-20 months with no incidence of relapse.Anorectal function was preserved well after TEM, although some anorectal manometric parameters changed over time. Thus TEM is safe, in terms of anorectal function, for the cure of benign and early malignant tumors of the rectum.

Establishment of an instant, reproducible, and reliable rat model of a refined 3-cuff technique for performing orthotopic intestinal transplantation is reported, and the surgical skills required to perform modified surgical procedure are discussed.A retrospective analysis was used to study 270 rat cases subject to orthotopic intestinal transplantation (OIT) performed in our transplantation center from March 2006 to March 2008. After establishing the portal vein cuff method, a conventional hand-sewn anastomosis method combination, with porto-to-portal re-establishment by cuffed anastomosis technique, was used in group 1 (n = 140), and the modified 3-cuff anastomosis method was applied in group 2 (n = 130). Statistical comparison was made between the 2 groups.In group 1, 97 of 140 (69.3%) recipients survived7 days, and 69 (49.3%) survived30 days, whereas in group 2, respective survival was 110 of 130 (84.6%) and 86 of 130 (66.2%). Average cold ischemic times in the 2 groups were 48.5 +/- 5.1 minutes and 31 +/- 3.0 minutes, respectively. There was a significant difference between the 2 groups (P.05). In most cases, the average volume of bleeding during recipient surgery was1 mL using the simplified 3-cuff anastomosis technique. There was shorter graft revascularization time with the new model of sutureless microanastomosis using cuff apparatus for OIT in rats compared with the control group. The method adopted in group 2 was much easier, more stable, and more feasible than that in group 1. Sixty-three rats died in 7 days, and autopsy verified the causative factors leading to death, which are summarized in the text. The results obtained were acceptable and satisfactory. Overall, there was a comparative lower incidence of complications associated with the procedure used in group 2.The modified 3-cuff anastomosis technique for rat OIT models has several obvious advantages, which can be summarized as follows: vascular anastomosis is stable and simplified, and blood loss is significantly decreased; natural anatomic physiologic portal graft drainage is maintained; and intraoperative mortality and postsurgical morbidity are minimized. Furthermore, technical refinement of rat OIT models established by our research team can be carried out without a microscope and can be easily implemented in the laboratory by 1 trainee with acceptable success after a short period of training. We regard it as one of the best available orthotopic small-bowel transplantation methods in rat.

Aims: To investigate the clinical significance of Tbx3 in colorectal cancer (CRC) and the possible association between Tbx3 expression and Epithelial- Transition Mesenchymal (EMT) phenotype. Methods: Quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blotting were employed to evaluate the expression of Tbx3 in 30 fresh CRC and matched normal tissues. Using immunochemistry, protein level of Tbx3 and EMT markers (E-cadherin and N-cadherin) were identified in 150 pairs of paraffin-embedded specimen. Results: The results of qRT-PCR and western blotting showed that Tbx3 expression was higher in CRC tissues than in corresponding normal tissues. The statistical analysis based on immunohistochemical evaluation suggested that Tbx3 aberrant expression was significantly associated with tumor size (P=0.049), differentiation (P=0.032), invasion (P=0.019), lymph node metastasis (P=0.049) and TNM stage (P=0.018). Patients who displayed high expression of Tbx3 may achieve a poorer overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS), compared to those with low expression of Tbx3. This tendency was also observed in patients with intermediate levels of disease (II and III stage). The multivariate analysis indicated Tbx3 expression could independently predict the outcome of CRC patients. Interestingly, correlation analysis suggested Tbx3 expression was negatively correlated with E-cadherin expression, but positively correlated with N-cadherin expression. Conclusion: Tbx3 may promote CRC progression by involving EMT program and has the potential to be an effective prognostic predictor for CRC patients.

A “visual” barrel system has been developed to promote the understanding of polymer behavior in a reciprocating screw injection molding machine. This system allows the dynamic status of the polymer inside the injection barrel to be conveniently visualized though photography and video recording, and the corresponding material conditions can be measured via a computerized data acquisition system. High density polyethylene (HDPE), a commonly used thermoplastic, is chosen to demonstrate the polymer melting behavior in injection molding. Effects of processing conditions on the melting behavior are analyzed, suggesting that the modeling of the plastication phase should not be treated simply as an extrusion process. The system, therefore, can not only assist in the understanding of the process but also can be used to verify quantitatively the modeling and optimization of an injection molding system.

Y‑box binding protein‑1 (YB‑1) has been identified as an oncoprotein in various malignancies. The aim of this study was to investigate the biological role of YB‑1 and its association with epithelial‑to‑mesenchymal transition (EMT) in colorectal cancer (CRC). The expression of YB‑1 and three EMT‑related proteins (E‑cadherin, N‑cadherin and vimentin) was analyzed in 80 CRC and matched normal tissue samples, by immunohistochemistry. The results indicated that the expression of YB‑1 was higher in CRC tissue samples than that in matched normal controls and was significantly correlated with tumor differentiation, tumor invasion, lymph node metastasis and distant metastases. Furthermore, analysis showed that YB‑1 expression was negatively correlated with E‑cadherin and positively correlated with N‑cadherin and vimentin expression. In vitro assays showed that knockdown of YB‑1 inhibited the proliferation, apoptosis resistance, invasion and migration of the HT‑29 CRC cell line. Of note, following knockdown of YB‑1, E‑cadherin expression was elevated whereas N‑cadherin and vimentin expression was reduced. Taken together, these results suggest that YB‑1 promotes the malignant progression of CRC in part through the induction of EMT, and YB‑1 may therefore be a potential novel target for CRC treatment.

To observe the efficacy and side effects of the combination therapy of oxaliplatin and S-1 in treating postoperative colorectal cancer patients.54 postoperative colorectal cancer patients received the combination therapy of oxaliplatin and S-1 regimen, repeated every 3 weeks, and evaluate the efficacy after 3 cycles.All of the 54 patients but 2 (changed the chemotherapy regimen after the first cycle because of economic reason) finished 6 cycles of the chemotherapy treatment. There were 6 cases (11.5%) with complete response (CR), 28 cases (53.8%) with partial response (PR), and the overall response rate was 65.4%. Major adverse effects were hematological toxicities, gastrointestinal disturbance, neurosensory toxicity. There were no chemotherapy-related deaths.Oxaliplatin combined with S-1 is an effective and better tolerated chemotherapy treatment for postoperative colorectal cancer patients, with no serious side effects for liver and kidney. Therefore, it can be used as an alternative chemotherapy regimen for postoperative colorectal cancer patients.

The crystal structure of the title compound consists of discrete C27H44O8 and H2O mol­ecules, linked by hydrogen bonding.

To investigate the effect of CD8(+)CD28(-) suppressor T cells(Ts) induced by dendritic cell(DC) with major histocompatibility complex 1(MHC-1) expression RNA interference on immune tolerance in rat intestinal transplantation.The expression level of CD8(+)CD28(-)Ts were successfully induced by DC with MHC-1 expression interfered by RNA interference technique under the stimulator of allograft antigen. Orthotopic intestinal transplantation was performed in 36 rats by modified three cuffs method. The recipients were randomly divided into three groups(12 rats in each group):group A was experimental group with CD8(+)CD28(-) Ts being administrated, mixed T cells were injected in group B, while in group C, NS were administrated. On the first day and the seventh day posttransplant, the 36 rats of the 3 groups were administrated through vena dorsalis penis respectively. Six rats were selected randomly from each group and the animals were sacrificed on the 14 th day postoperatively, serum levels of TGF-beta, IFN-gamma and the values of Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase activity of the intestinal graft were assayed and the intestinal pathologic morphology, intestinal allograft survival were observed concerning the remainders.On the 14 th day after operation, the expression levels of TGF-beta and IFN-gamma in group A were significantly up-regulated as compared with those in group B and group C(P0.05). Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase activity in group A was(6.3+/-1.0) kU/g, much higher than the levels of group B(3.6+/-0.9)kU/g and group C(2.9+/-1.3) kU/g and the differences were significant(P0.05). The data suggested preliminarily that pathological scores of intestinal graft in group A were lower than those in group B and group C. The survival time of the recipients in group A was 32.0 days, much longer than that in group B (17.5 days, P0.05) and group C(21.0 days, P0.05).CD8(+)CD28(-) Ts induced by DC with MHC-1 expression RNA interference can alleviate acute rejection and lead to immune tolerance in rat intestinal transplantation.

To investigate operative techniques, treatment and precaution of common complications of orthotopic intestinal transplantation in the rats.Orthotopic intestinal transplantation was performed in 120 rats by modified three cuffs method. The causes, treatment and precaution of common complications were analyzed retrospectively.The 7-day survival rate of recipients was 82.5% and the 30-day survival rate was 68.3%. The average volume of bleeding in the recipient operation was less than 1 ml. The result obtained from the above 99 recipients was satisfactory. The main reasons of final failure and death were as follows: anastomotic bleeding(5 rats), portal vein thrombus(2 rats), arterial thrombus(4 rats), air embolism(1 rat), infection of abdominal cavity(4 rats), aspiration pneumonitis (2 rats), anesthetic accident(2 rats) and kinking of graft intestine(1 rat).The sophisticated surgical technique and the delicate surgical manipulation are the prerequisite of preventing operational complication. Improving operative techniques and being familiar with the common complications can reduce the occurrence of complications and increase operative successful rate.

To study the relationship of mesorectum with fasciae and nerves in the pelvic cavity and to specify the proper planes of dissection in total mesorectal excision.Twenty-four pelvises (12 males and 12 females) harvested from cadavers were studied by dissection.There were three planes surrounding the rectum as the visceral fascia, vesicohypogastric fascia and parietal fascia. The pelvic plexus and its branches situated between the visceral fascia and the vesicohypogastric fascia. Pelvic splanchnic nerves and hypogastric nerves were observed between the visceral fascia and the parietal fascia.The posterior plane of total mesorectal excision lies between the visceral fascia and the parietal fascia. The lateral dissection should be conducted in a plane between the visceral fascia and the vesicohypogastric fascia. The proper planes for posterior and lateral resection can be identified by the hypogastric nerve and the pelvic plexus respectively.