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To explore the incidence and risk factors of readmission of elderly patients with hip fracture after hip hemiarthroplasty.A retrospective analysis of 237 elderly hip fracture patients who underwent hip hemiarthroplasty from February 2015 to October 2020 were performed. According to the readmission status of the patients at 3 months postoperatively, the patients were divided into readmission group (39 cases)and non-readmission group(198 cases). In readmission group, there were 7 males and 32 females with an average age of(84.59±4.34) years old, respectively, there were 34 males and 164 females with average age of (84.65±4.17) years old in non-readmission group. The general information, surgical status, hip Harris score and complications of patients in two groups were included in univariate analysis, and multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze independent risk factors of patients' readmission.The proportion of complications(cerebral infarction and coronary heart disease) in readmission group was significantly higher than that of non-readmission group (The complications of the elderly patients who were readmission after hip hemiarthroplasty for hip fractures were significantly higher than those who were non-readmission. Cerebral infarction, infection, delirium, dislocation, anemia and venous thrombosis are risk factors that lead to patient readmission. Corresponding intervention measures can be taken clinically based on these risk factors to reduce the incidence of patient readmissions.

In this study, a novel hybrid surface plasmon waveguide structure based on CdS nanowires and metal ridges was designed. The waveguide structure was simulated and analysed at a working wavelength of 490 nm based on the finite element method. The electric field distribution, mode characteristics, transmission length and quality factor of the waveguide were studied with geometric parameters. Results show that the comprehensive performance of the waveguide can be significantly optimised by appropriately adjusting the geometric parameters of the structure. Through the optimal parameter design, the effective mode field area reaches 0.008 λ 2 , the transmission length is 21,289 nm, and the quality factor is 702.12. This waveguide structure has great potential in the fields of optoelectronic communication and optical sensing technology.

As a typical representative of Lepidopteran insects, the silkworm, Bombyx mori, has numerous advantages, such as simple husbandry,highly prolific nature, short generation time, easily handled to be operated with moderate body size, clear genetic background and abundant mutation resources. Silkworm has not only been studied by the geneticists, but also been used as a new laboratory animal model of human disease and drug screening. There is a plenty of genetic resources in silkworm, some of which could be used as models of human genetic diseases, such as Phenylketonuria, Parkinson’s disease, Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome and so on. Silkworm has also played a significant role in the study of pathogenesis of human pathogenic microorganisms. Moreover, silkworm could be used to evaluate the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamics properties and safety of a new drug comprehensively and systematically. At the same time, it can be used in the high throughput drug screening assays to shorten the period of the new drug research and development. This review summarizes that the silkworm is an excellent model in the drug screening assays, and has a potential in application to the large-scale drug screening.

It has been proposed that anoxic and iron-rich (ferruginous) marine conditions were common through most of Earth history. This view represents a major shift in our understanding of the evolution of marine chemistry. However, thus far, evidence for ferruginous conditions comes predominantly from Fe-speciation data. Given debate over these records, new evidence for Fe-rich marine conditions is a requisite if we are to shift our view regarding evolution of the marine redox landscape. Here we present strong evidence for ferruginous conditions by describing a suite of Fe-rich chemical sedimentary rocks—banded iron formation (BIF)—-deposited during the Early Cambrian in western China. Specifically, we provide new U-Pb geochronological data that confirm a depositional age of ca. 527 Ma for this unit, as well as rare earth element (REE) data are consistent with anoxic deposition. Similar to many Algoma-type Precambrian iron formations, these Early Cambrian sediments precipitated in a back-arc rift basin setting, where hydrothermally sourced iron drove the deposition of a BIF-like protolith, the youngest ever reported of regional extent without direct links to volcanogenic massive sulphide (VMS) deposits. Their presence indicates that marine environments were still characterized by chemical- and redox-stratification, thus supporting the view that—despite a dearth of modern marine analogues—ferruginous conditions continued to locally be a feature of early Phanerozoic seawater.

Based on inverted surface plasmon resonance (ISPR) a novel biosensor consisting of Ge₂₀Ga₅Sb₁₀S₆₅-palladium-graphene layer-biomolecule layer is proposed. The refractive index of biomolecule layer alters as biomolecule experience interactions, thus leading to a shift of ISPR angle. On this basis, the spectrum output of sensor is derived by transfer matrix method. The sensitivity, the resolution, the dynamic detection range and the signal to noise ratio of the presented sensor are discussed and compared with the performance of traditional sensors. Moreover, the influences of grapheme layer thickness on sensors are analyzed with comparative study. Finally, near infrared is used as the incident light of the presented sensor. The results show that, the best thickness of grapheme layer is monolayer; the peak intensity of the ISPR reflection is about 80%~90% of intensity of incident light, guaranteeing a high signal to noise ratio; In the visible light, when λ = 632.8 nm, the presented sensor is 1.9 times the resolution of the sensor based on SiO₂ coupling inverted surface plasmon resonance, is 3. 5 times the resolution of the sensor based on surface plasmon resonance(SPR), and is 2 times the dynamic detection range of pre-existing biosensor based on SPR. The application of Ge₂₀Ga₅Sb₁₀S65 prism extends the detection light wavelength from the visible region to the near infrared region. When λ = 1,000 nm, the sensor is 3-4 times of the sensor in visible region. The research greatly contributes to the realization and application of biosensor based on inverted surface plasmon resonance.

Most algorithms for the high-dimensional data clustering are not intuitive and the clustering results are difficult to explain. To solve these problems, a new method based on the interactive visualization technology was proposed in this paper. First, the entropy-weight was adopted to determine the main attributes and how to arrange them. Every data was described in an improved radar chart in which polar radius stood by attribute values and polar angles stood by the attribute weights. Then the points in the radar chart were clustered through applying an improved k-means algorithm. The number of clusters was not given before. And initial centers were optimized according to the point density and their distance. Finally, the experiment showed that the improved radar chart reflected the distribution of the data better and that the improved k-means algorithm was more efficient and accuracy.

Numerical simulation and experimental analysis for a magnetic circuit model of a damper were carried out by adjusting the size of the auxiliary gap to obtain greater magnetic field strength and wider adjustable multiples of the damping force. Results of experiment indicate that there is a specific ratio of sizes between the auxiliary gap and the working gap; this gap ratio is 3:1. The adjustable multiple and gap ratio is validated by the results of the experiment. The largest value for the magnetic induction in the working gap can reach 80–90% of the maximum; the least value is close to zero, and the adjustable multiple of the magnetic induction is near about a factor of 7. Experimental data also indicate that the law of the magnetic flux leakage is affected by the size of auxiliary gap as well as the intensity and direction of the current. Performance testing of the real optimal damper reveals that the maximum damping force of the damper is 195.7 kN, which is ~92.7 percent of the theoretical maximum value, at a gap ratio of 1:2.5.

An aircraft cable fault location method based on detection model is proposed to solve the problem of being difficult to inspect the fault for the civil aviation maintenance. In response to the condition of the experimental installation, the reference signal is designed. The fault of the cable can be located according to the reflected waveform. An aircraft cable fault location system is designed and the experimental results show that the method is rational and effective.

Previous work has demonstrated that 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) induces apoptosis in PC12 cells. The goal of the present study was to investigate the mechanisms underlying the protection by neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) against 6-OHDA-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells. Treatment of PC12 cells with 6-OHDA resulted in activation of caspase-3 and subsequent apoptosis, as detected by TUNEL staining. In addition, Akt phosphorylation was decreased following 6-OHDA treatment. Pretreatment with NT-3 reduced the percentage of apoptotic cells and caspase-3 activity induced by 6-OHDA and suppressed the cleavage of caspase-3 and Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) with a significant decrease in cell viability. Moreover, Akt phosphorylation was enhanced and 6-OHDA-induced chromatin condensation was suppressed by NT-3. Such NT-3-evoked suppression in chromatin condensation was reversed by anti-TrkA antibody receptor blockade. Further study revealed that LY294002, an inhibitor of PI3-kinase (a molecule upstream of Akt), enhanced 6-OHDA-induced apoptosis. These data indicate that NT-3 prevents 6-OHDA-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells via activation of PI3-kinase/Akt pathway.

Green cocoons in silkworm, Bombyx mori, are caused by flavonoids accumulation in the silk proteins, fibroin and sericin. Despite the economic value of natural green cocoon and medical value of flavonoids, there is limited understanding of the molecular mechanism regulating flavonoids uptake in silkworm, which is tightly associated with the trait of green cocoon. The purpose of this study is to perform a comprehensive analysis to understand the molecular mechanisms of flavonoids uptake in silkworm based on microarray analyses. The study subject was the New Green Cocoon from the silkworm strains, G200 and N100, a new spontaneous dominant green cocoon trait identified in the 2000s. The genes regulating this trait are independent of other green cocoon genes previously reported. Genome-wide gene expression was compared between the New Green Cocoon producing silkworm strains, G200 and N100, and the control sample, which is the white cocoon producing strain 872B. Among these strains, N100 and 872B are near-isogenic lines. The results showed that 130 genes have consistently changing expression patterns in the green cocoon strains when compared with the white cocoon strain. Among these, we focused on the genes related to flavonoids metabolism and absorption, such as sugar transporter genes and UDP-glucosyltransferase genes. Based on our findings, we propose the potential mechanisms for flavonoids absorption and metabolism in silkworm. Our results imply that silkworm might be used as an underlying model for flavonoids in pharmaceutical research.

In this paper, we set up a sensing model of PSMs (porous silicon microcavities) by applying the Bruggeman effective medium approximation theory and the transfer matrix method. In addition, we explain in detail the adsorption characteristics of porous silicon. Finally, using an experimental setup to measure the reflectivity spectrum of PSMs when the sensor is exposed to different organic vapors, the experimental results prove that it is a feasible optical sensor for the detection of organic species. Resolution of the PSMs sensor is high, response time and resume time is short and repetition is good.

Temperature is a very important parameter in scientific research, production and life. Almost all the properties of materials are related to temperature. The precise measurement of the temperature is a very important task, so the temperature sensor is widely used as a core part in the temperature measuring instrument. A novel surface plasmon micro-ring sensor suitable for humidity sensing is presented in this paper. The sensor uses a multi-layered surface plasmon waveguide structure and choosing Polyimide (Polyimide, PI) as the moisture material. We get the transfer function of surface plasmon micro-ring sensor by using transfer matrix method. Refractive indexes of Polyimide and the multilayer waveguide structure change as environment relative humidity changes, thus leading to an obvious peak drift of output spectrum. The paper mainly discusses the influence of the changes of the refractive index of humidity-sensing parts on the output spectrum, and the transmission characteristics of multilayer waveguide structure. Through the finite element method and the theoretical simulation of Matlab, We can draw: When the length between the two coupling points of the U-shaped waveguide is an integer multiple of circumference of the micro-ring, an obvious drift in the horizontal direction appears, the free spectral range (FSR) doubled and the sensitivity is 0.0005 μm/%RH; When the external environment relative humidity RH changes from 10% to 100% RH, scatter is change between including (including 0.005 m to 0.005 m, compared to other humidity sensor, the Sensitivity of sensor improves 10~50 times and the transmission is very stable. Results show that the design of surface plasma micro ring sensors has better sensitivity, stable performance and can be used in the humidity measurement, achieving a high sensitivity in the sense of humidity when the wide range of filter frequency selection is taken into account, and providing a theoretical basis for the preparation of micro-optics.

Calcium phosphate cement (CPC) porous scaffold is widely used as a suitable bone substitute to repair bone defect, but the optimal pore size is unclear yet. The current study aimed to evaluate the effect of different pore sizes on the processing of bone formation in repairing segmental bone defect of rabbits using CPC porous scaffolds. Three kinds of CPC porous scaffolds with 5 mm diameters and 12 mm length were prepared with the same porosity but different pore sizes (Group A: 200-300 µm, Group B: 300-450 µm, Group C: 450-600 µm, respectively). Twelve millimeter segmental bone defects were created in the middle of the radius bone and filled with different kinds of CPC cylindrical scaffolds. After 4, 12, and 24 weeks, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), histological assessment, and mechanical properties evaluation were performed in all three groups. After 4 weeks, ALP activity increased in all groups but was highest in Group A with smallest pore size. The new bone formation within the scaffolds was not obvious in all groups. After 12 weeks, the new bone formation within the scaffolds was obvious in each group and highest in Group A. At 24 weeks, no significant difference in new bone formation was observed among different groups. Besides the osteoconductive effect, Group A with smallest pore size also had the best mechanical properties in vivo at 12 weeks. We demonstrate that pore size has a significant effect on the osteoconductivity and mechanical properties of calcium phosphate cement porous scaffold in vivo. Small pore size favors the bone formation in the early stage and may be more suitable for repairing segmental bone defect in vivo.

The paper proposes a novel high sensitivity humidity sensor based on a U-shaped waveguide-coupled single micro-ring, Polyimide is used as the wet material, the refractive index of humidity-sensing part changes as relative humidity changes, thus leading to a obvious peak drift. The transfer function of the structure is derived basing on transfer matrix method and the paper mainly discusses the influence on the output spectrum with different humidity-sensing parts. Through the theoretical simulation of Matlab, the whole structure of U-shaped waveguide coupled single micro-ring is proved to be the best humidity-sensing part. The free spectral range (FSR) will be doubled compared to the traditional single micro ring structure while the length between the two coupling points of the U-shaped waveguide is an integer multiple of circumference of the micro-ring. When the relative humidity of external environment changes from 10% RH to 100% RH, the output spectrum appears a obvious drift from 0.027 to 0.191 microm and the sensitivity reaches up to 0.0018 microm/% RH. Compared to FBG humidity sensor with high sensitivity, the sensitivity in this article is increased by 10 to 100 times, achieving a high sensitivity in the sense of humidity when the wide range of filter frequency selection is taken into account.

A structure of an optical accelerometer based on an optical single ring resonator located onto the cantilever is proposed to meet the requirements of microminiaturization and economical applications in the present paper. The spectra of out port are obtained using transfer matrix method and theory of coupled modes. According to the measurement of intensity of drop port at the same wavelength, the influences of different structure parameters on the sensitivity of the whole acceleration sensor are analyzed. The results show that the cantilever length and thickness and the ring resonator position are all key factors which can influence the sensing property of acceleration sensor. Hence the sensitivity can be effectively improved by adjusting the factors mentioned above. The sensitivity reaches up to 2.112 g(-1) and the limit of detection can achieve 1.421 x 10(-3) at 1.515 μm with a cantilever of 180 μm in length and 3 in thickness for a 30 dB signal-noise system. Such structure has great potential to develop low-cost and easy made high sensitive acceleration meter.

In this paper, a micro jet impingement structure is proposed to realize effectively heat transfer of high power integrated LED array. Based on water cooling technology with double inlets and outlets, an 800W power lighting system structure model is established by using Engineering Fluid Dynamics (EFD) software, the maximum working temperature of the model is lower than 42.3455°C when the shell structure, fluid water velocity and system power are optimized. It proves that the water cooling system is effective to high power LED array.

In this paper, a system identification method based on BP-network is proposed to realize the study of dynamic characteristics of high power LED luminaire. LED input-output characteristic relations are obtained according to the lighting system structure, and response curves are received using the method of input isolation. A Back Propagation network model is established to simulate input and output relationships of actual system using the approximation ability to nonlinear mapping which multi-layer network has. The neural network is trained to make the input and output of network infinitely close to that of the practical system, and make the network characteristics approximately same to the actual lamps. The research provides the theory basis to establish feedback control system of the LED lighting luminaire.

A new structure of tunable single micro-ring with three coupling points was proposed in the present paper based on the theory of coupled modes and transmission matrix. Also, the output optical spectrum was simulated by the aid of Matlab. In this new structure, we use silicon-on-insulator (SOI) as its material, so the output optical spectrum can be tuned when the length or temperature is changed in feedback waveguide. According to the outcome of simulation, when the coupling coefficient k is 0.018, the free spectral range (FSR) approaches 43.8 nm and the quality factor is 1.25 x 10(5). This resonator not only has narrow bandwidth, high quality factor and large FSR, but also can achieve the tunable output optical spectrum through modulating the properties of feedback waveguide. The corresponding curve was presented in this paper as well.

To discuss the clinical features, management, pregnancy outcome and prognosis of obstetric mirror syndrome.The clinical data of 12 cases with obstetric mirror syndrome at Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital from April 2008 to December 2010 were collected to retrospectively analyze the clinical features, management, pregnancy outcome and prognosis.(1) ETIOLOGY: 12 cases with obstetric mirror syndrome included 9 cases of Bart's hydrops fetalis, 2 cases with fetal complicated congenital cardiac anomalies, and 1 case of unknown etiology. (2) Gestational age at diagnosis and at delivery: gestational age at diagnosis ranged from 28 to 36 weeks [mean (31.5 ± 4.7) weeks], and gestational age at delivery ranged from 28(+3) to 38 weeks [mean (32.9 ± 2.9) weeks]. There were no significant differences between the gestational age at diagnosis and at delivery in consistence with severe preeclampsia group and mild preeclampsia group [(31.8 ± 2.3) weeks vs. (30.9 ± 7.2) weeks, (32.5 ± 2.3) weeks vs. (33.5 ± 3.9) weeks, P0.05]. (3) The patients with obstetric mirror syndrome can present a preeclampsia-like syndrome: maternal extremity edema in 12 cases, headache and visual disturbance in 1 case, proteinuria in 11 cases, elevated blood pressure in 5 cases, elevated uric acid in 9 cases, hypoproteinemia in 12 cases, elevated creatinine in 3 case, elevated liver enzyme in 1 case, thrombocytopenia in 2 cases. The major complications included 1 case of HELLP syndrome, acute pulmonary edema, placental abruption, amnionic fluid embolism, DIC respectively, 3 cases of acute kidney failure and 6 cases of postpartum hemorrhage. (4) Sonographic findings: 1) Hydrops fetalis: fetal ultrasound revealed pleural fluid, fetal ascites, skin edema, scalp edema, encephalocolele enlargement, hydropericardium and increased cardio-chest ratio. 2) Placenta megaly: the placental pathological examination revealed edematous and large in 12 cases. Placental thickness was beyond 4 cm in all cases [(6.3 ± 1.9) cm]. 3) Hydramnios: hydramnios could be found in 11 cases [amniotic fluid index (19.7 ± 3.1) cm]. (5) Postnatal conditions:all blood pressure and laboratory findings including urine protein normalized within 5 to 7 days after delivery. (6) Pregnancy outcome:all 12 patients survived, however the perinatal mortality rate was 100%. Two of 12 cases with mirror syndrome underwent cesarean section, and 10 were vaginal delivery, of which 1 need uterine artery embolisom due to postpartum hemorrhage.Obstetric mirror syndrome seems to simulate preeclampsia although there are distinguishing features, such as hemodilution, placental edema, and polyhydramnios. When the specific cause of obstetric mirror syndrome can not be identified and corrected, the decision for delivery should be made as soon as possibly.

Serum cystatin C (Cys-C) is known to reflect the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) more precisely in native kidney diseases and renal dysfunctions secondary to other diseases. This study investigated the serum Cys-C in estimating the renal function in preeclamptic women.A total of 96 patients with normal pregnancy (controls) and 48 cases of severe preeclampsia were recruited in this study. We measured the 24-hour creatinine clearance (CrCl), serum creatinine, Cys-C, uric acid (UA), and beta trace protein (BTP) concentrations on all the pregnant women in the second trimester and third trimester and in the postpartum of the patients with severe preeclampsia. Multiple comparisons and correlation analysis were used to analyze the indexes estimating the GFR.In the normal pregnancies, the concentrations of serum creatinine, UA, and BTP were significantly higher in the third trimester compared to the second trimester, however with no significant differences in the serum Cys-C levels. Comparison between the second and third trimester in patients with severe preeclampsia indicated that significant difference existed in the serum Cys-C, with higher concentration in third trimester. Correlation analyses demonstrated that significant negative correlations could be detected between Cys-C and 24-hour CrCl in the second trimester and third trimester of all the 144 pregnant women and in the postpartum of the patients with severe preeclampsia, and better correlations in normal participants than in participants with preeclampsia.Serum Cys-C seems to reflect the GFR precisely in women with severe preeclampsia and can be a good marker to monitor the renal function from antepartum to postpartum.

In the nonlinear optical fiber, soliton is a pulse envelop that formed under the balance of group velocity dispersion(GVD) and self-phase modulation(SPM). It has the transmission characteristic that the pulse shape and amplitude are steady. The GVD causes the pulse stretch, but the SPM induces the high frequency elements to accumulate step by step, and the soliton pulse change steep. The two kind of opposition factors unit in together, mutually balances can maintain the pulse shape stabilization invariable. Along with the soliton research, it extends from picosecond (ps) to femesecond (fs). High order dispersion, in particular the third order dispersion (TOD) influences the soliton transmission very large. The high order dispersion is studied by the split step Fourier method (SSFM) numerical analysis the modified high order nonlinear Schrodinger equation(HNLSE). The results indicate that the TOD and the fourth order dispersion(FOD) can all affect the quality of the telecommunication. And the TOD plays the main role. It causes the pulse bottom vibration in one side, causes the pulse to stretch and to form vibration belt. The FOD causes the soliton bottom vibration in two sides, it causes the pulse stretch and the spectrum appears side lobe.

To Construct the one-dimensional three sects photonic crystal with symmetrical structure in the form of ( AB ) N 1 ( BA ) N 2 , a numerical calculation is conducted using the transfer matrix method of photonic crystal. It is found that in the main prohibitive bands of transmission spectrum there are extremely narrow single transmission peaks. The changing laws of the transmission peak position λ with the changes of the period quantities N i (i=1,2), the refractive rate n j (j=1,2,3) and the thickness a, b and c are analyzed. It is concluded that they can be approximately considered as linear in a small range and N 1 = N 2 = 7 is the optimal period quantities in theory. Based on these characteristics, through the adjustment of the parameters, the light needed is distilled in the mixing light in the range of 2280~2396 nm. The result is satisfactory.

The distributed optical fiber temperature sensor is set up by using the technique of optic time-domain reflection (OTDR) to get temperature information, and the way of getting the mean by the accumulating time-domain signal to improve the ratio of signal to noise. Base on the theory of Optical Time Domain Reflectometer, Raman scattering distributed optical fiber system for Multi-point temperature measurement is established. A new demodulation method is proposed, that is circulation demodulation method. The OTDR temperature curve of the next point to be measured is demodulated by the current OTDR temperature curve. The experiment validated that the theoretical analysis is correct, and the system can inhibit the calculation of temperature noise and prevent Rayleigh back scattering light from harassing anti-Stokes back scattering light. The spatial resolving power is less than 3m, the temperature resolving power is about ±3°C, and time resolving power is not more than 3min.

To construct Tetracycline(tet) inducible recombinant adenovirus vectors containing human neurotrophin 3(NT3) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF) genes, respectively and perform PCR and restrictive enzyme digestion analysis.Full length NT3 and BDNF cDNAs were subcloned into pIND vector, followed by being cloned into pTRE-shuttle2 vector. The NT3 and BDNF gene fragments resulted from the pTRE-shuttle2-NT3 and pTRE-shuttle2-BDNF digested with I-Ceu I and PI-Sce I were linked to the linear adeno-X virus DNA. The recombinant adenovirus vectors were confirmed by PCR and restriction enzyme digestion analysis.The PCR identification showed that a given band with 312 bp, and predictive fragments proved by restriction enzyme digestion analysis were exhibited. All the above results indicated that human NT3 and BDNF genes had been connected with pAdeno-X vectors correctly.Tet inducible recombinant adenovirus vector of Human NT3 and BDNF genes have been constructed successfully, which upon packaged in HEK293 cells, will be used to introduce the target genes into Schwann's cells in-vitro or in-vivo.