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Polymer gel systems have been widely applied to control excessive water and improve oil recovery (IOR) in petroleum reservoirs. They are usually divided into two main types, in-situ cross-linked polymer gels, and pre-formed polymer gels. In recent years, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technology has been gradually applied to the research of polymer gel systems due to its unique analysis advantages. This paper is intent to review these works systematically. For in-situ cross-linked polymer gel systems, NMR can be used to characterize the chemical structure changes of the polymer, the cross-linker, and the auxiliary agent in the formulation of the polymer gel systems. Moreover, the gelation time and the gel strength of the in-situ cross-linked polymer gel systems can also be measured by NMR. For pre-formed polymer gels, NMR can be employed to detect the chemical structure of the designed products. Last, the NMR method can evaluate the plugging, water control, and oil improvement performance of the polymer gels in porous media without using dopants. This review can help readers build a more systematic understanding of the application of NMR technology in polymer gel systems for IOR and help researchers to more deeply study the performance of polymer gel systems.

The conjugation of bridging bis(diphenylphosphine oxide) alkane or arene ligands was found to control the structural dimensionality and the emission color of complexes from reactions with SmIII(hfac)3(H2O)2 (hfac− = hexafluoroacetylacetonato) while retaining the Sm⋯Sm distances. Bis(diphenylphosphine oxide)-1,4-butane (L1) affords a one-dimensional (1D) ribbon {Sm(hfac)3(L1)}∞ (1) that emits red color, while bis(diphenyl-phosphinoyl)-1,4-benzene (L2) results in a two-dimensional (2D) network {Sm(hfac)2(CF3COO)(L2)3}∞ (2) and near-white emission, but bis(diphenyl-phosphinoyl)-9,10-anthracene (L3) forms a zero-dimensional (0D) cyclic structure {Sm(hfac)3(L3)}2 (3) with strong π⋯π interactions that emit green color. Noticeably, the conjugation change is accompanied by a configurational change of coordination from trans for 1 and 2 to cis for 3. The color change is associated with the superposition of ligand and Sm based electronic band energies and their intensities. Such white light emission by a single compound having contributions from different building components is quite rare.

The conjugation of bridging bis(diphenylphosphine oxide) alkane or arene ligands was found to control the structural dimensionality and the emission color of complexes from reactions with SmIII(hfac)3(H2O)2 (hfac- = hexafluoroacetylacetonato) while retaining the SmSm distances. Bis(diphenylphosphine oxide)-1,4-butane (L1) affords a one-dimensional (1D) ribbon {Sm(hfac)3(L1)}∞ (1) that emits red color, while bis(diphenyl-phosphinoyl)-1,4-benzene (L2) results in a two-dimensional (2D) network {Sm(hfac)2(CF3COO)(L2)3}∞ (2) and near-white emission, but bis(diphenyl-phosphinoyl)-9,10-anthracene (L3) forms a zero-dimensional (0D) cyclic structure {Sm(hfac)3(L3)}2 (3) with strong ππ interactions that emit green color. Noticeably, the conjugation change is accompanied by a configurational change of coordination from trans for 1 and 2 to cis for 3. The color change is associated with the superposition of ligand and Sm based electronic band energies and their intensities. Such white light emission by a single compound having contributions from different building components is quite rare.

The newly synthesized ionic triple salt Ru–Er, {[RuII(bpy)2(dbim)][ErIII(hfac)4][CF3COO]·H2O} (bpy = 2,2′-bipyridine; hfac− = hexafluoroacetylacetonate; dbim = 2,2′-dibenzimidazole) exhibits near-infrared (NIR) emission at 1535 nm by intermolecular Ru → Er (d → f) energy transfer across supramolecular interactions when pumped within the Ru(II) 3MLCT band. It is the first such observation for a transition metal–lanthanide ionic pair.

Servant leadership perception in China Mainland has extensive and profound practical foundation. The paper carries out the empirical research of relationship between servant leadership and job satisfaction, organizational citizenship behavior, workplace deviance based on 315 questionnaires data with SPSS17.0 and LISREL8.70. The results show that servant leadership is significant positive influence on employee's job satisfaction and organizational citizenship behaviors and negative impact on workplace deviance. So, servant leadership behavior can directly improve employees' job satisfaction and organizational citizenship behavior (positive behavior) and reduce its workplace deviance behavior (negative behavior).The results indicate that servant leadership seems to be a effective leadership style in the enterprises in Mainland China.

The environmental post evaluation index system is proposed to evaluate the cascade hydropower project`s post environmental impact assessment. We also constructed an evaluation method based on Matter-element and Analytic-hierarchy coupling model (FME-AHP) to apply to the environmental impact assessment of Yuan Shui cascade hydropower stations. It can test the index system and evaluation method is scientific and validity or not. We hope we can provide some experience and reference for the environmental impact assessment of the hydropower exploitation in key river basin both in China and abroad.

This paper takes cascade hydropower station project as the research object. It puts forward an economic post project evaluation of hydropower station`s analysis framework -- "static analysis and comprehensive evaluation" based on building the evaluation index set and data envelopment analysis. This paper takes economic post project evaluation of Yuanshui cascade hydropower station as an example to verify the science and effectiveness of the analysis framework and model. The results enrich the theory and model technique of economic post project evaluation of hydropower stations.

To observe targeted expression of recombinant lentivirus-mediated (Lv)-hTERTp-TK and Lv-hTERTp-tumstatin in HepG2 cells, and explore the inhibitory effect of their combination on HepG2 cells both in vitro and in vivo.Lv-hTERTp-TK and Lv-hTERTptumstatin were used to infect HepG2 and L02 cells at different MOIs. Transfection efficiency was observed by fluorescence microscopy. Expression of TK and tumstatin mRNA was detected by reverse-transcriptase PCR. Proliferation and apoptosis were detected by MTT and flow cytometry, respectively. The HepG2 cells were examined by real time-PCR and western blotting to determine expression level of bcl-2 and VEGF mRNA and protein.A murine hepatocellular carcinoma model was established by injecting 1 * 10(7) HepG2 cells into 30 BALB/c nude mice. The modeled mice were randomly divided into a control group, mock group, Lv-hTERTp-tumstatin group, Lv-hTERTp-TK group, and combination group for four weeks of injections at regular intervals of PBS, Lv-hTERTp-null, Lv-hTERTp-tumstatin, Lv-hTERTp-TK, and Lv-hTERTp-tumstatin plus Lv-hTERTp-TK, respectively.Changes in tumor volume and weight, and cell morphology of tumor and major organs, were assessed by hematoxylin-eosin staining.Microvascular density of tumor tissue and cell apoptosis were assessed by immunohistochemical and TUNEL staining, respectively.The Lv-infected HepG2 cells, and not the Lv-infected L02 cells, expressed TK and tumstatin. Lv-hTERTp-TK and Lv-hTERTp-tumstatin, alone or in combination, inhibited proliferation and increased apoptosis of the HepG2 cells, but the combination was more effective than either alone (P less than 0.05). None of the treatments affected proliferation or apoptosis of the L02 cells (P more than 0.05). The combination also led to a greater reduction of bcl-2 and VEGF than either alone (all, P less than 0.05). Tumor growth was significantly inhibited by the combination (P less than 0.05). In vivo, the combination treatment induced the greatest amount of apoptosis of the HepG2 cells. Cell morphology of major organs such as liver, spleen and kidney were similar to the control group. The combination also produced the most significant effect on tumor microvascular density (P less than 0.05) and the highest apoptosis index (P less than 0.05).The HTERT promoter can induce targeted expression of TK and tumstatin in HepG2 cells. Lv-hTERTp-TK combined with Lv-hTERTp-tumstatin can significantly inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis of human HepG2 cells in vitro and in vivo, which may be related to down-regulation ofbcl-2 and VEGF.

The urgency of renovation the water mains from Malong Chemical Limited Company is analyzed. And the operation process with high density polyethylene pipe linings is described in this paper. The commentary on their respective advantages and the costs will be presented. It has been proved that the HDPE linings renovation technology has many advantages including shorter operation time, higher efficiency and lower cost with smaller and simpler operating equipments over conventional trenchless and replace pipe technology.

This article provides an overview about the microbes selecting, types of bioreactors, the treatment condition, etc. which influence the odors abatement effect. In the recent past, many highly efficiency microorganisms on the actual governance of malodorous gases have been selected and trained. Among different bioreactor configurations, biofilters, biotrickling filters and bioscrubbers are most common ones. The membrane bioreactor and the three phase fluidised bed bioreactor as new bioreactors have broad development prospects. Finally, this review also provides how to insights into future R&D needs in this area.

In this paper, we proposed an efficient information collection system which adopts parallel mode to accelerate the system's speed of information collection. Compared to similar systems, the system shows obvious advantages in its practical applicability and high speed.

This goal of this study was to compare the outcomes of conventional intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI; control group, n = 53 couples) and a modified ICSI technique using zona pellucida (ZP)-bound sperm for injection of oocytes (test group, n = 53 couples). The proportion of high-quality embryos (grades 1 and 2) and implantation rate were significantly higher in the test group than in the control group, but the difference in fetal heart pregnancy rate was not significant despite seven more pregnancies being obtained in the test group (26 pregnancies) versus the control group (19 pregnancies) following fresh embryo transfers.

To evaluate the safety and efficacy of drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation in selective patients with left main coronary artery disease.From October 2002 to November 2007, 44 consecutive patients underwent percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) on left main coronary artery lesions, including 5 patients with concurrent left ventricular dysfunction (ejection fraction40%), 2 with chronic respiratory dysfunction and 5 with chronic renal failure. The findings in coronary angiography, procedural success rate, severe complications and the follow-up results of the patients were analyzed.The immediate procedural success rate was 100% in these patients without any severe complications. No non-fatal acute myocardial infarction or emergency coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) was performed and death occurred in none of the cases during hospitalization. In the follow-up period for 14.2-/+9.3 (6-65) months after PCI, no subacute or late thromboses were found. One patient died from heart failure 4 months after PCI, and 6 patients (13.6%) experienced recurrent angina. Thirty-seven patients (84.1%) were free of any major cardiovascular events (MACE) after the procedure. A repeat coronary angiography was performed in 35 patients (79.5%) within 6 months after PCI, and 3 (8.6%) of them were confirmed to have restenosis, including 1 patient with distal bifurcation restenosis who were subsequently treated with CABG and two patients with side-branch ostium restenosis managed with cutting balloon dilation.Implantation of drug-eluting stents is safe and effective for management of left main coronary artery disease with good immediate and long-term outcomes.

To observe the targeted therapeutic effects of plasmid AF-pGL3-hTERT-TK on HepG2 cells.HepG2 cells were cultured and pGL3-hTERT-TK and AF-liposome were constructed. HepG2 and L02 cells were transfected with AF-pGL3-hTERT-TK. The growth, apoptosis of the cells and the bystander effects were studied using liquid scintillation analysis and tunnel and flow cytometry.After the suicide gene was inserted into the downstream of hTERT, TK was effectively driven by the hTERT promoter, making the TK highly expressed in the HepG2 cells. The AF made the therapeutic gene enter the HepG2 cells more easily by recognizing and combining the ASGPR receptor protein on the HepG2 cell surfaces and induced their apoptosis and suicide with bystander effect. The apoptosis rate was 85%+/-3% in the HepG2 cells whereas in the normal L02 hepatic cells it was 16%+/-2%.AF-pGL3-hTERT-TK can target and attack HepG2 cells and has almost no influence on normal L02 hepatic cells. AF-pGL3-hTERT-TK has a potential in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinomas.

To observe the effects of puerarin on activity of dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase (DDAH) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) cultured with oxidized free radical (OFR), to explore the effect of puerarin on metabolic mechanism of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA).HUVECs of the 3rd - 6th passage cultured with modified Jaffe's method were divided into 4 groups, the blank control group cultured with DMEM medium, the OFR group cultured with DMEM medium containing 0.1 mmol of OFR per liter, the puerarin group 1 and 2 cultured with DMEM medium containing 0.1 mmol of OFR per liter as well as 0.5 mg/ml and 1.0 mg/ml of puerarin respectively. After being incubated for 24 h, activity of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), contents of nitric oxide (NO), ADMA, endothelin (ET), and L-citrulline (L-cit) in the supernate were measured, and DDAH protein expression in the lysate was detected by Western blotting.Compared with those in the blank control group, ADMA and ET contents were higher, while the levels of NO and L-cit and the activity of NOS were lower markedly, but the DDAH expression changed insignificantly in the OFR group. These abnormalities were restored significantly in the puerarin groups.The increase of ADMA in OFR injured HUVECs was correlated with the reduction of DDAH activity and irrelevant to DDAH expression. Puerarin could promote ADMA metabolism through increasing DDAH activity, and improve NOS activity, thus to reduce the impairing of OFR on endothelial function.