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A major type of serious mood disorder, depression is currently a widespread and easily overlooked psychological illness. With the low side effects of natural products in the treatment of diseases becoming the pursuit of new antidepressants, natural Chinese medicine products have been paid more and more attention for their unique efficacy in improving depression. In a view from the current study, the positive antidepressant effects of berberine are encouraging. There is a lot of work that needs to be done to accurately elucidate the efficacy and mechanism of berberine in depression. In this review, the relevant literature reports on the treatment of depression and anxiety by berberine are updated, and the potential pharmacological mechanism of berberine in relieving depression has also been discussed.

Cost-effective reefs improve the yield of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicas cultured in ponds. The reaction to reef models was studied in laboratory experiments regarding selectivity and fitness-related behaviors (crawling, feeding and defecation) in different roughness (rough and smooth), angles (30°, 60° and 90°) and heights (3.5, 7, 10.5 and 14 cm). The present study found that significantly more sea cucumbers selected the rough model, with significantly better crawling frequency, tentacles activity frequency and defecation behavior compared with those on the smooth model. This indicates that rough materials in artificial reefs are appropriate for the fitness-related behaviors of sea cucumbers. Regarding the angles, the 30° model attracted significantly more sea cucumbers than those of 60° and 90°. Among the three angles, sea cucumbers in the 30° model showed significantly better defecation behavior, while showed higher frequencies of crawling and tentacles activity in comparison with the 90° model. In other words, the models of 30° and 60° serve as the "toilet" and the "kitchen" of sea cucumbers better in defecation and food intake. No significant difference was found in the number of sea cucumbers selecting any model of three heights. The 7-cm model sees significantly higher frequencies of crawling and tentacles activity than the ones of 3.5 and 14 cm. These results indicate that the higher reef may not necessarily be valuable in the pond culture and a shorter one may help boost the feeding efficiency of sea cucumbers.

Sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus intermedius) is an economically important mariculture species in Asia, and its gonads are the only edible part. The efficiency of genetic breeding in sea urchins is hampered due to the inability to distinguish gender by appearance. In this study, we first identified a sex-associated single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) by combining type IIB endonuclease restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (2b-RAD-seq) and genome survey. Importantly, this SNP is located within spata4, a gene specifically expressed in male. Knocking down of spata4 by RNA interference (RNAi) in male individuals led to the downregulation of other conserved testis differentiation-related genes and germ cell marker genes. We also revealed that sex ratio in this validated culture population of S. intermedius is not 1:1. Moreover, after a 58-day feeding experiment with estradiol, the expression levels of several conserved genes that are related to testis differentiation, ovary differentiation, and estrogen metabolism were dynamically changed. Taken together, our results will contribute toward improving breeding efficiency, developing sex-controlled breeding, and providing a solid base for understanding sex determination mechanisms in sea urchins.

Sea urchin (Mesocentrotus nudus) is an important economically mariculture species in several Asian countries, and gonads are the sole edible parts for people. In addition to commercial value, it is an excellent model for studying gonadal development, sex determination and sex differentiation. Identify sex-related genes is an effective way to reveal the molecular mechanism of gonadal development. In the present study, the foxl2 homologous gene was identified in M. nudus. Foxl2 is not a maternal factor, and is detected for the first time in two-arm stages. Additionally, the expression of foxl2 in the testis is higher than in the ovaries at the same developmental stages. The foxl2 transcripts were specifically enriched in the cytoplasm of germ cellsboth in the ovary and testis, but their proteins were more concentrated in the area near the oocyte nucleus. Overall, this study contributes to our understanding of the dynamic and sexually dimorphic expression pattern of foxl2 and provide a useful germ cell marker during gametogenesis in sea urchin.

Sex-specific markers play an important role in revealing sex-determination mechanism. Sea urchin (Mesocentrotus nudus) is an economically important mariculture species in several Asian countries and its gonads are the sole edible parts for people. However, growth rate and immunocompetence differ by sex in this species, sex-specific markers have not been identified, and the sex-determination mechanism of sea urchin remains undetermined. In this study, type IIB endonuclease restriction-site associated DNA sequencing (2b-RAD-seq) and a genome survey of M. nudus were performed, and three female-specific markers and three female heterogametic single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci were identified. We validated these sex-specific markers via PCR amplification in a large number of individuals, including wild and artificially bred populations. Several open reading frames (ORFs) were predicted, although there are no potential genes known for sex determination and sex differentiation within the scaffold in which the sex-specific markers are located. Importantly, the female-specific sequences and female heterozygous SNP loci indicate that a female heterogametic and male homogametic ZW/ZZ sex-determination system should exist in M. nudus. The results provide a solid basis for revealing the sex-determination mechanism of this species, and open up new possibilities for developing sex-control breeding in sea urchin.

Objective: To investigate the clinical effect of rituximab combined with CVAD regimen in patients with primary gastrointestinal B-cell lymphoma and serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and β2 microglobulin (β2-MG) The impact of the level. Methods: Eighty-four patients with primary gastrointestinal B-cell lymphoma treated from May 2014 to December 2015 were enrolled. Based on the random number table, all the patients were divided into a control group (n=42) and an observation group (n=42). The control group was treated with CVAD. The observation group was treated with rituximab on the basis of the control group. The effect of the patients was evaluated after 3 courses of treatment. The patients were followed up for 3 years after treatment. US RECIST 1.1 was used to evaluate the short-term efficacy on the patients; VEGF, TNF receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) and B-cell lymphoma factor-6 (Bcl-6) levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay;β2-MG level test was implemented to compare the short-term efficacy, biochemical indicators, incidence of toxic side effects and long-term survival rate of the two groups. Results: The short-term efficacy rate of the observation group was 76.19%, which was higher than that of the control group (50.00%) (P0.05); The 1-year long-term survival rate after treatment was not statistically significant (P>0.05). The long-term survival rate of the observation group was higher than that of the control group at 2 and 3 years after treatment (P

The edible sea urchin, Mesocentrotus nudus, is both an economically important mariculture species and an excellent model for studying reproductive development. The gonads are the only edible parts of sea urchins and increasing market demand for high-quality gonads has prompted increasing amounts of research into the molecular mechanisms of reproduction. Using a high-throughput sequencing technology, we performed transcriptome sequencing on the gonads of females and males, sampled before the spawning season, to identify genes involved in sex determination, sex differentiation and gametogenesis. Through a de novo transcriptome assembly approach, we obtained 104,039 unigenes, of which 40,471 (38.90%) showed homologies with known proteins in public databases. By comparing the expression levels of these unigenes in females and males, 15,368 differentially-expressed unigenes (DEGs) were identified. Compared with males, 9473 were up-regulated and 5895 were down-regulated in females. Multiple candidate genes were identified that may play important roles in spermatogenesis, oogenesis, and germ cell development. Furthermore, we identified and characterized several genes involved in sex determination and sex differentiation, such as dmrt1 and foxl2. The current study provides valuable molecular resources for studying the underlying mechanisms of reproduction in sea urchins.

Sea urchin (Mseocentrotus nudus) is an economically important mariculture species in several Asian countries. The growth rate and immunocompetence differ by sex in this species. However, the mechanisms of sex determination in M. nudus have remain unclear. In the present study, we focus on the dmrt1 gene of M. nudus (Mndmrt1) to investigate its dynamic expression pattern during different developmental stages. Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) revealed that Mndmrt1 exhibits testis-specific expression and undetectable during the whole embryogenesis. With the development of ontogenetic, Mndmrt1 transcripts are first detected at 9 months post-fertilization (mpf). In addition, both the transcripts and protein of Mndmrt1 gene were specifically expressed in spermatogonia and spermatocytes, indicating that it might be a male germ cells marker in sea urchin. Significantly, the 1441 bp promoter sequence of Mndmrt1 gene was obtained by DNA walking, and one positive regulatory region at −1197/ −968 in the promoter, as well as one negative regulatory region at −1441/ −1198 have been identified by promoter activity analysis. Moreover, two regulatory regions contain multiple putative binding sites for transcription factors, including Sp1, Egr1, Sox5, CEBP, GATA and SRY. These findings suggest that Mndmrt1 may be related to testis differentiation and spermatogenesis in sea urchin and will provide an insight into understanding the regulatory mechanism of the dmrt1 gene.

Sea cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus) is an important mariculture species in China. To date, the mechanisms of sex determination and differentiation in sea cucumber remain unclear. Identifying sex-specific molecular markers is an effective method for revealing the genetic basis of sex determination and sex differentiation. In this study, foxl2 and nodal homologous genes were identified in A. japonicus. Foxl2 exhibited dynamic and sexually dimorphic expression patterns in the gonads, with prominent expression in the ovaries and minimal expression in the testis according to real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) study. As nodal was specifically expressed in the ovary, it could serve as an ovary-specific marker in sea cucumber. Additionally, knockdown of foxl2 or nodal using RNA interference (RNAi) led to the down-regulation of piwi, germ cell-less, and dmrt1, suggesting that foxl2 and nodal may play important roles in gonad maintenance of sea cucumber. Overall, this study adds to our understanding of the roles of foxl2 and nodal in the gonadal development of A. japonicus, which provides further insight into the mechanisms of sea cucumber sex determination and differentiation.

To study the effect of Lactobacillus E6-1 on proliferation and apoptosis of human oral cancer cell line Cal-27 in vitro.MTT assay was carried out by different concentrations of Lactobacillus E6-1 on Cal-27 to detect the inhibitory effect on cell proliferation, and the effect on DNA was detected by agarose gel electrophoresis. The expression levels of cyt-c, caspase-9 and caspase-3 in each group was detected by Western blot. The data were analyzed with SPSS 21.0 software package.The results of MTT assay showed that E6-1 had obvious inhibitory effect on Cal-27 in a dose-dependent manner. DNA ladder in Cal-27 cells was induced by different concentrations of E6-1 (10, 20, 40 mg/mL). Compared with blank control group, Western blot results showed that the expression of cyt-c, caspase-9 and caspase-3 increased significantly(P0.05).Lactobacillus E6-1 can inhibit the proliferation of Cal-27 and effectively induce apoptosis of tumor cells In vitro.

Identification of sex-specific markers has important implications for genetic breeding and sex control breeding in aquaculture. Sea cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus) is one of the most important mariculture species in China. Although a substantial difference in immunocompetence has been observed between male and female sea cucumbers, the sex-specific marker remains unclear. Moreover, there is no reliable method for genetic sex identification in sea cucumbers. In this study, we first applied a 2b-RAD-seq method and identified two male-specific 2b-RAD-tags. This includes a 313 bp male-specific fragment that was mapped to scaffold MRZV01000576.1 of the male genome of A. japonicus. Several genes associated with the centromere, such as tesin-a-like gene, centromere-associated gene, reverse transcriptase gene, were also annotated within this scaffold. By designing three different sex-specific primers, we characterized genetic sex of sea cucumbers in different culture populations and the wild population. Using a fast and low-cost alkaline lysis method for DNA extraction, a reliable PCR amplification-mediated genetic sex identification method was developed. Hence, the sex-specific markers provide a solid basis to reveal the sex determination mechanism and the origin of sex-determining regions in sea cucumber. Furthermore, this study will improve the efficiency of genetic and sex control breeding in sea cucumbers.

Dead end (dnd), vertebrate-specific germ cell marker, had been demonstrated to be essential for primordial germ cell (PGC) migration and survival, and the link between PGC number and sex change had been revealed in some teleost species, but little is known about dnd in hermaphroditic vertebrates. In the present study, a protogynous hermaphroditic orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides) dnd homologue (Ecdnd) was identified and characterized. Quantitative real-time PCR and in situ hybridization analysis revealed a dynamic and sexually dimorphic expression pattern in PGCs and germ cells of gonads. During sex changing, the Ecdnd transcript sharply increased in early transitional gonad, reached the highest level at late transitional gonad stage, and decreased after testis maturation. Visualization of zebrafish PGCs by injecting with RFP-Ecdnd-3'UTR RNA and GFP-zfnanos3-3'UTR RNA confirmed importance of Ecdnd 3'UTR for the PGC distribution. In addition, knockdown of EcDnd by using antisense morpholinos (MO) caused the ablation of PGCs in orange-spotted grouper. Therefore, the current data indicate that Ecdnd is essential for PGCs survival and may serve as a useful germ cell marker during gametogenesis in hermaphroditic grouper.

Sea urchin (Mesocentrotus nudus) is an economically important mariculture species in China and the gonads are the solely edible parts to human. The molecular mechanisms of gonad development have attracted increasing attention in recent years. Although the nanos2 gene has been identified as a germ cell marker in several invertebrates, little is known about nanos2 in adult sea urchins. Hereinto, we report the characterization of Mnnano2, an M. nudus nanos2 homology gene. Mnnanos2 is a maternal factor and can be detected continuously during embryogenesis and early ontogeny. Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and section in situ hybridization (ISH) analysis revealed a dynamic and sexually dimorphic expression pattern of Mnnano2 in the gonads. Its expression reached the maximal level at Stage 2 along with the gonad development in both ovary and testis. In the ovary, Mnnanos2 is specifically expressed in germ cells. In contrast, Mnnanos2 is expressed in both nutritive phagocytes (NP) cells and male germ cells in testis. Moreover, knocking down of Mnnanos2 by means of RNA interference (RNAi) reduced nanos2 and boule expression but conversely increased the expression of foxl2. Therefore, our data suggest that Mnnanos2 may serve as a female germ cell marker during gametogenesis and provide chances to uncover its function in adult sea urchin.

Nowadays, more and more infants are getting allergic to cow's milk protein, so it is urgent to search for infant formula powder with milk protein alternatives. In the present work, soy protein hydrolysate (SPH) was added to protein-free infant formula powder and the effects of SPH addition on proliferation and metabolism of Streptococcus thermophilus were studied. Compared with commercially available infant formula powder (CK) and protein-free milk powder (BK), the infant formula powder with 20% SPH significantly enhanced the proliferation of S. thermophilus in MRS medium, resulting in a higher cell density and greater viable counts. Moreover, the influence of SPH on the metabolism of S. thermophilus was investigated by analyzing the content of seven organic acids and H2O2 in the medium. The higher content of organic acids and H2O2 is consistent with the stronger antibacterial activity to Escherichia coli. As a consequence, the addition of SPH to infant formula powder can effectively promote the growth of probiotics and SPH may be a promising protein alternative in the infant formula powder.

The sea cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus) is an economically important mariculture species in Asia. However, the genetic breeding of sea cucumbers is difficult because the sexes cannot be identified by appearance. Therefore, studies on sex-related genes are helpful in revealing the mechanisms of sex determination and differentiation in sea cucumbers. P-element induced wimpy testis (piwi) is a germ cell marker involved in gametogenesis in vertebrates; however, the expression pattern and function during gametogenesis remain unclear in sea cucumbers. In this study, we identified a piwi homolog gene in A. japonicus (Ajpiwi1) and investigated its expression pattern, and function. Ajpiwi1 is a maternal factor and is ubiquitously expressed in adult tissues, including the ovary and testis. Ajpiwi1 expression is strong in early oocytes, spermatocytes, and spermatogonia; weak in mature oocytes; and undetected in spermatids and intra-gonadal somatic cells. The knockdown of Ajpiwi1 by RNA interference (RNAi) led to the downregulation of other conserved sex-related genes such as dmrt1, foxl2, and germ cell-less. Therefore, Ajpiwi1 might play a critical role during gametogenesis in A. japonicus. This study creates new possibilities for studying sex-related gene functions in the sea cucumber and builds a gene function research platform based on RNAi for the first time.

To compare the dentin bonding strength evaluation between adult permanent teeth and youth permanent teeth after treatment for different durations by universal adhesives.Ten adult permanent teeth and ten youth permanent teeth were selected for this study. The occlusal enamel layer was removed, and each tooth was cut into three pieces along the long axis. In total, 30 pieces of adult and youth teeth were prepared. The adult and youth teeth pieces were randomly divided into three groups and treated by universal adhesives for 10, 20, and 30 s. In this study, Scotchbond Universal (SBU) was selected as the universal adhesive. Slabs were treated by dual-cure resin cements. The specimens were tested by microshear strength test through a universal testing machine. Fracture modes were observed by a stereomicroscope. Other adult teeth and youth teeth were selected, two for each type, and treated and grouped in the same manner. Fluorescein (0.1% Rhodamine B) was dissolved in SBU adhesive, and the specimens were treated by the adhesives for 10, 20, and 30 s. Micromorphology of the resin protrusions on the adhesive surface was observed by laser confocal microscopy (CLSM).For the adult teeth, the highest micro-shear bonding strength was observed in the 20 and 30 s groups, and the values were higher than that of the 10 s group (P0.05). For the youth teeth, the highest micro-shear bonding strength was observed in the 10 and 20 s groups, and the values were higher than that of the 30 s group (P0.05). The micro-shear bonding strength in the 10 s youth teeth group was higher than that of the 10 s adult teeth (P0.05) and was same as the adult teeth treated for 20 s (recommendation time of material instructions) (P0.05). The main break patterns in different groups comprised adhesive failure fractures and several mixed failure fractures. No resin fracture mode was observed. CLSM revealed very few short resin protrusions in 10 s adult teeth group, whereas the number and length of resin protrusions significantly increased in the 20 s adult teeth group. The resin protrusions of the 30 s group were shorter than those of the 20 s adult teeth group. In different durations, the bonding interface in different youth teeth groups presented the same trend of change as the adult teeth. However, the number and length of resin protrusions in the 10 s group of youth teeth were all higher than those of the 10 s adult teeth group.In clinical practice, the bonding agent treatment duration shall be shortened appropriately for youth permanent teeth, and that for adult permanent teeth shall not be shortened to less than 20 s. On the whole, the bond strength of youth permanent teeth can achieve no significant difference with the adult permanent teeth.目的 应用通用型粘接剂Scotchbond Universal（SBU），比较在不同处理时间下对成熟恒牙与年轻恒牙牙本质粘接的粘接强度，探讨其应用于年轻恒牙的效果。方法 收集成熟恒牙与年轻恒牙各10颗，去除面釉质层，平行于牙体长轴将牙齿切为3块，获得成熟恒牙30块，年轻恒牙30块，各随机分为3组，自凝树脂包埋，分别采用通用型粘接剂SBU处理10、20、30 s，粘接后采用万能试验机检测其微剪切粘接强度，并在体视显微镜下观察粘接断面，确定断裂模式。另取成熟恒牙与年轻恒牙各2颗，同样方法分组，荧光素0.1% Rhodamine B溶解于SBU粘接剂中，分别处理10、20、30 s，粘接后采用激光共聚焦显微镜（CLSM）观察各组粘接面树脂突的微观形态。结果 成熟恒牙：20 s组及30 s组微剪切强度最大，二者间差异无统计学意义（P0.05），但均显著高于10 s组（P0.05）。年轻恒牙：10 s组及20 s组微剪切强度最大，显著高于30 s组（P0.05）。年轻恒牙10 s组微剪切强度高于成熟恒牙10 s组（P0.05），与成熟恒牙20 s组（材料说明书推荐时间）间的差异无统计学意义（P0.05）。成熟恒牙20 s组与年轻恒牙20 s组间差异无统计学意义（P0.05），而成熟恒牙30 s组粘接强度显著高于年轻恒牙30 s组（P0.05）。各组主要的断裂模式均为粘接材料断裂，极少数为混合断裂，未观察到树脂断裂模式。CLSM观察可见，成熟恒牙处理10 s后，牙本质表层处形成极少极短的树脂突；处理20 s，树脂突数量及长度显著增加；处理30 s，树脂突长度相对20 s有所减短。年轻恒牙在不同处理时间下，3组牙本质表层树脂突变化情况与成熟恒牙大致相同，但年轻恒牙处理10 s组较成熟恒牙处理10 s组树脂突数量及长度均有增加。结论 临床使用SBU时，年轻恒牙可适当缩短粘接剂处理时间，而成熟恒牙的处理时间不低于20 s。.

Chemokine receptor Cxcr4 evolved two paralogs in the teleost lineage. However, cxcr4a and cxcr4b have been characterized only in a few species. In this study, we identified two cxcr4 paralogs from the orange-spotted grouper, Epinephelus coioides. The phylogenetic relationship and gene structure and synteny suggest that the duplicated cxcr4a/b should result from the teleost-specific genome duplication (Ts3R). The teleost cxcr4 gene clusters in two paralogous chromosomes exhibit a complementary gene loss/retention pattern. Ec_cxcr4a and Ec_cxcr4b show differential and biased expression patterns in grouper adult tissue, gonads, and embryos at different stages. During embryogenesis, Ec_cxcr4a/b are abundantly transcribed from the neurula stage and mainly expressed in the neural plate and sensory organs, indicating their roles in neurogenesis. Ec_Cxcr4a and Ec_Cxcr4b possess different chemotactic migratory abilities from the human SDF-1α, Ec_Cxcl12a, and Ec_Cxcl12b. Moreover, we uncovered the N-terminus and TM5 domain as the key elements for specific ligand–receptor recognition of Ec_Cxcr4a-Ec_Cxcl12b and Ec_Cxcr4b-Ec_Cxcl12a. Based on the biased and divergent expression patterns of Eccxcr4a/b, and specific ligand–receptor recognition of Ec_Cxcl12a/b–Ec_Cxcr4b/a, the current study provides a paradigm of sub-functionalization of two teleost paralogs after Ts3R.

The variation and dynamics of fat, fatty acid value and dissolution rate of protein of soybean under four storage temperatures conditions were studied. Dynamical model between the value of fatty acid and storage time, storage temperature was build according to the first-order kinetic equation which could predict and control the quality changes of soybeans during storage. The results showed that fat content of soybean and solubility ratio of protein were decreased with the extension of storage but the fatty acid value was increased. The shelf life was predicted according to the change of value of fatty acid during storage. Shelf life prediction model of any temperature between 5~35°C was established used Arrhenius equation and Q10 model and the error rate is less than 10%.

The structure of the micro vibration filling device was designed for tablets and double piezoelectric wafer was used as driving element. Vibration model was established and optimal working parameters were determined. ANSYS was used for modal analysis and the natural frequency was determined. Through experimental analysis the rationality was validated which could meet the filling requirements.

Doping different concentration of ZrO2in Mn:Fe:LiNbO3crystals, a series of Zr:Mn:Fe:LiNbO3crystals were grown by the Czochralski method. The infrared transmission spectra and the photo-damage resistant ability of the crystals were measured. The OH-absorption peak of Zr (2mol%):Mn:Fe:LiNbO3crystal shifts to ultraviolet. The photo-damage resistant ability of Zr (3mol%):Mn:Fe:LiNbO3crystal is about three orders of magnitude higher than that of Mn:Fe:LiNbO3crystals. The diffraction efficiency, response time of Zr:Mn:Fe:LiNbO3crystals were measured by two-wave coupling experiment. The response time of Zr (3mol%):Mn:Fe:LiNbO3crystal is only one tenth of that of Mn:Fe:LiNbO3. The mechanism of OH-absorption peak shifting and improvement of holographic storage properties was discussed.

The composite SiOx/polymer films are deposited as a top-coatings onto the paper substrates by radio frequency (RF) reactive magnetron co-sputtered two targets, silica and dicyclopentadiene dioxide cured with maleic anhydride (DCPD/MA).The samples prepared by changing PSiO2/PDCPD/MA, the ratio of RF powers density delivered to the individual target from 0.1 to 10 so as to prepare different SiOxcontent coatings. The wettability, mechanical properties, color reproduction printability, chemical characterization of the coatings are discussed in this paper, using contact angle measurements, electronic tensile testing machine, off-set printing test and FTIR. The static contact angle of water ranges from 129.7 to 90.7 o and tensile performance has improved significantly as the ratio of RF powers density change from 0.1 to 10. The ink density and depth of color during off-set printing are visually improved by using papers with hydrophobic surfaces coated composite films.

Multiple nanos genes have been characterized in several fishes, but the functional implications of their various expression patterns remain unclear. In this study, we identified and characterized four nanos genes from a hermaphroditic fish orange-spotted grouper, Epinephelus coioides. Ecnanos1a and Ecnanos1b show divergent expression patterns, and the dynamic expression change of Ecnanos1a in pituitaries during sex change is associated with testis differentiation and spermatogenesis. Ecnanos2 and Ecnanos3 might be germline stem cells (GSCs) and primordial germ cells (PGCs)-specific markers, respectively. Significantly, Ecnanos3 3'-untranslated region (UTR) is necessary for PGC specific expression, where a non-canonical "GCACGTTT" sequence is required for miR-430-mediated repression of Ecnanos3 RNA. Furthermore, grouper Dead end (Dnd) can relieve miR-430 repression in PGCs by associating with a 23 bp U-rich region (URR) in Ecnanos3 3'-UTR. The current study revealed the functional association of multiple nanos genes with PGC formation and germ cell development in orange-spotted grouper, and opened up new possibilities for developing biotechnologies through utilizing the associations between Ecnanos3 and PGCs or between Ecnanos2 and GSCs in the hermaphroditic fish.

Inhibition of β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) to prevent brain β-amyloid (Aβ) peptide’s formation is a potential effective approach to treat Alzheimer’s disease. In this report we described a structure-based optimization of a series of BACE1 inhibitors derived from an iminopyrimidinone scaffold W-41 (IC50 = 7.1 μM) by Wyeth, which had good selectivity and brain permeability but low activity. The results showed that occupying the S3 cavity of BACE1 enzyme could be an effective strategy to increase the biological activity, and five compounds exhibited stronger inhibitory activity and higher liposolubility than W-41, with L-5 was the most potent inhibitor against BACE1 (IC50 = 0.12 μM, logP = 2.49).

The packaging machine of injectable powder is the equipment in pharmaceutical industry. Its lack of market competitiveness because it cant reach the advanced level in measuring speed, accuracy, adaptability of dose changes, the long developing cycle of new product and the design methods are backward. Therefore, the modern design method of virtual prototype was used to design the structure and working parameters has realistic significance.

This paper introduced each function module and the main function of Cape Pack software.Optimization methods of milk transportation packaging based on Cape Pack were proposed.The process of optimum design was demonstrated through an example.Two loading plans were compared.The utilization of trays floorage and the utilization of the space are the same,but one plans loading quantity and the utilization of the trucks floorage and space of the tray are higher than another.This paper put forward a new idea for practical application of milk transportation packaging optimization.

Content of residue bisphenol A from polycarbonate (PC) was measured used the technology of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Dichloromethane was used as solvent and methanol was used as precipitating agent. The solution was rotary evaporation after the polymer was filtered. The simple, rapid, sensitive and accurate method of external standard which linear range is 0.05-200.0mg/L, standard addition recoveries is 90.8% ~94.2% and RSD is 3.2% -4.5% was used to quantitative analysis. The influence of repeated using to the migration of bisphenol A was also studied in this experiment. The results show that with the reusing times increased, the migration content of bisphenol A was gradually reduced which reduced to 0.75mg/L at the sixth time from 2.4mg/L at the first time.

Vacuum coating technology in the decoration, block, electromagnetic, sunlight, etc all have advantages, is widely used in various fields. Plastic vacuum coating technology can improve the surface quality of the plastics , It has the unique function of both plastics and metals. Introduced the plastic vacuum coating equipment, coating of paint and plastic vacuum coating in glass, foam, electromagnetic shielding and other aspects of the application of the latest research situation.

This paper introduces the hardware components of the straightening force measuring system for the pre-stress straightening machine firstly. Then finite element analysis is made for the frame of pre-stress straightening machine based on ANSYS Workbench. Relationship between the straightening force and relative strain on the column neutral layer is obtained by using polynomial fit. And this relationship is used to obtain straightening force in the DAQ software. Then the straightening force DAQ software is developed based on LabVIEW. Structure and development process of the software are introduced in details at last.

A way of using flexible spiral blade as the executive part for spiral transportion was proposed, the mathematical model of its transportation resistance torque was set up, and the impact of structure parameter of flexible spiral blades on transportation power was analyzed. A experiment set-up was rigged, and tests were made to verify the theoretical model. The results of the experiment are in good agreement with the theoretical analysis. The research has enlightened the the parameter design of flexible spiral blades

In this paper, the force, deformation and other factors of vane hydraulic damp dynamic seal are researched, which is used of theoretical, simulation about the lip seals sealing damping performance factors. In order to improve sealing performance vane hydraulic damp life, dynamic lip seal design, optimization and performance study is to provide the basis for the theory and engineering applications. The factors influencing sealing performance are considered, such as initial compressibility, sealing sping stiffness. The finite element analysis method can be effectively used to solve nonlinear material and sealing failure problem for the seal design, optimization and performance analysis, which provide a new approach and theoretical guidance to the rubber seal research.

Background Diabetic hearts are vulnerable to ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Pretreatment with exogenous calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) exerts a cardioprotective effect against myocardial I/R injury. Our previous study found that the CGRP level was decreased in diabetic hearts. This study aimed to investigate whether up-regulation of CGRP could reduce I/R injury in diabetic hearts. Methods and results Adenovirus encoding the CGRP gene (Ad-CGRP) was injected intramyocardially in mice with or without streptozotocin (STZ) treatment. Three days after injection, the hearts were subjected to in vivo and in vitro I/R. Myocardial infarct size, cardiac function, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level in plasma and effluents, and cell mitochondrial function were measured. After ischemia (30min) and reperfusion (24h) in vivo , diabetes mellitus (DM) mice had greater myocardial infarct size than their nondiabetic counterparts, and released more LDH in plasma. However, CGRP gene transfer reduced myocardial infarct size and plasma LDH level in both non-DM and DM hearts. After 30min global ischemia and 40min reperfusion in vitro , the DM hearts demonstrated increased left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) and effluent LDH level, and decreased left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP), coronary flow (CF), as well as cell mitochondrial function, when compared with the non-DM hearts. Again, CGRP gene transfer could protect against I/R injury in both non-DM and DM hearts. Conclusions Adenovirus-mediated up-regulation of CGRP gene expression protects diabetic hearts against I/R injury.

Based on the performance of Vane hydraulic damp O-ring seal ,simulation about the O-ring seal was applied by nonlinear finite element analysis method. The factors influencing sealing performance are considered, such as initial compressibility, sealing materials. Applying the method, the seal structure was designed and optimized. At the same time, the sealing performance was improved, and the contract pressure was increased. The finite element analysis method can be effectively used to solve nonlinear material and sealing failure problem for the seal design, optimization and performance analysis, which provide a new approach and theoretical guidance to the rubber seal research. The seal material and compression ratio are both great influence on the sealing performance , which should be based on working conditions to select the appropriate sealing materials.

Analyze the dynamic characteristics of long tooth height gear transmission system by using transfer-matrix method. Firstly, set up a calculation model of level 2 transmission system for long tooth height gear and master gear and construct the transfer equation and transfer matrix of all components, then calculate the rigidity and rotational inertia of the system and know the natural frequency and dominant mode of the whole system through the computer, at last, analyze and compare two systems and prove the superiority of long tooth height gear for reducing vibration and lowering noise.

This article aimed at the main problems which appeared in process of transport and storage of rice, analyzed the physical characters, chemical component，storage characteristic and the relation between them and the fresh- keeping effect of rice. Our experimentation took the rice in market of northwest as the research object, took the different thickness plastic film as packaging material, emphasized analyzed the effect on the quantity change of water content, fatty acid, reductive sugar and viscosity and the aging mechanism of rice in different thickness of plastic film.