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The reversible phase transition with luminescence switching can be realized by simply laying hands on the (TMS)2MnBr4 powder. Furthermore, it exhibits promising potentials in portable anti-counterfeiting, thermal imaging, and rewritable PL paper.

Glass is a group of materials with appealing qualities, including simplicity in fabrication, durability, and high transparency, and they play a crucial role in the optics field. In this paper, a new organic-inorganic metal halide luminescent glass exhibiting78% transmittance at 550-800 nm range together with a high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of 28.5% is reported through a low-temperature melt-quenched approach of pre-synthesized (HTPP)2MnBr4 (HTPP = hexyltriphenylphosphonium) single crystal. Temperature-dependent X-ray diffraction, polarizing microscopy, and molecular dynamics simulations were combined to investigate the glass-crystalline interconversion process, revealing the disordered nature of the glassy state. Benefiting from the transparent nature, (HTPP)2MnBr4 glass yields an outstanding spatial resolution of 10 lp/mm for X-ray imaging. The superb optical properties and facility of large-scale fabrication distinguish the organic-inorganic metal halide glass as a highly promising class of materials for optical devices.

Low-dimensional organic-inorganic metal halides have recently emerged as a class of promising luminescent materials. However, the intrinsic toxicity of lead would strongly hamper future application. Herein, we synthesized a new type of lead-free zero-dimensional (0D) antimony-based organic-inorganic metal halide single crystals, (PPZ)

A smartphone augmented reality (AR) application (app) was explored for clinical use in presurgical planning and lesion scalp localization. We programmed an AR App on a smartphone. The accuracy of the AR app was tested on a 3D-printed head model, using the Euclidean distance of displacement of virtual objects. For clinical validation, 14 patients with brain tumors were included in the study. Preoperative MRI images were used to generate 3D models for AR contents. The 3D models were then transferred to the smartphone AR app. Tumor scalp localization was marked, and a surgical corridor was planned on the patient’s head by viewing AR images on the smartphone screen. Standard neuronavigation was applied to evaluate the accuracy of the smartphone. Max-margin distance (MMD) and area overlap ratio (AOR) were measured to quantitatively validate the clinical accuracy of the smartphone AR technique. In model validation, the total mean Euclidean distance of virtual object displacement using the smartphone AR app was 4.7 ± 2.3 mm. In clinical validation, the mean duration of AR app usage was 168.5 ± 73.9 s. The total mean MMD was 6.7 ± 3.7 mm, and total mean AOR was 79%. The smartphone AR app provides a new way of experience to observe intracranial anatomy in situ, and it makes surgical planning more intuitive and efficient. Localization accuracy is satisfactory with lesions larger than 15 mm.

To explore the water resistance properties of lime soil ground, the physical and mechanical properties of lime soil with 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% lime content after long-term water immersion were studied by conducting unconfined compressive tests, density tests and water absorption tests. The results show that the stress–strain relationship curves of the lime soil during immersion are of the strain-softening type. The curves are multistage and nonlinear with evident peak values, and the lime soil achieves ductility and toughness with an increase in immersion time. The failure modes of the lime soil samples mainly include single slope shear failures, brittle splitting failures and conjugate shear failures, which are mainly affected by the lime content and immersion time. The strength of the lime soil decreases sharply in a short time while interacting with water. The strength slowly increases to 50.07–69.15% of the initial strength after immersion for a long time, i.e., still far less than the initial strength without immersion. Under long-term immersion, the water absorption of the lime soil increases gradually at the initial stage of immersion and then increases to a stable value of 16.76–21.67%. The change law of the wet density is essentially controlled by the water absorption. The strength of lime soil decreases significantly, and the water resistance capacity is poor after soaking; lime soil with 15% lime content has better engineering properties. It is recommended to apply lime soil with 15% lime content in practical engineering with a volume ratio of lime to soil of 3:7 and to avoid using lime soil materials in immersed or other dry-humid environments.

BACKGROUND There are many morphometric studies on Chiari malformation type I (CMI) patients, most of which focus on the posterior cranial fossa (PCF). Less attention has been paid to the atlanto-occipital joint. In this study, we aim to evaluate the morphological characteristics of the atlanto-occipital joint in CMI patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS The cervical CT imaging data of adult patients diagnosed with CMI but without any bony malformation in craniovertebral junction (CVJ) who were treated by the authors between January 2014 and December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. The equal number of sex and age-matched healthy individuals were included as the control group. The morphometric analysis was performed by measuring the length and depth of the atlanto-occipital joint, and the depth/length ratio was calculated to evaluate the curvature of the joint. RESULTS A total of 47 patients (15 males and 32 females) were included. The mean age of patients was 47.49 ± 9.01 years (range 19-62 years). The mean depth/length ratio of the atlanto-occipital joint in CMI patients was 0.141 ± 0.065 (range 0.027 - 0.274), which was smaller than that of control individuals (0.228 ± 0.057, range 0.069 - 0.379). And the difference was statistically significant (p

Network virtualization enables cloud service providers sharing various substrate resources and serving end users with heterogeneous virtual network (VN) applications. As more and more Internet applications migrate to the cloud, the survivability of VNs, particularly for disaster survivability, has become a crucial issue. In this article, we study the VN survivability problem and propose an early-warning-time-based VN live evacuation (EVLE) scheme to combat against disaster threats. Aiming at an upcoming disaster destruction, EVLE tries to evacuate as many VNs as possible from the disaster risk zone (DRZ) before the given deadline, while sustaining their online services. The evacuation mainly includes two processes, viz. , VN reconfiguration and virtual machine (VM) live migration. For a threatened VN, EVLE first remaps it at the outside of the DRZ with minimal resource cost, then exploits the postcopy technique to migrate the impacted VM to the corresponding reconfigured virtual node. During the VM migration process, the operations of basic bandwidth deployment and bandwidth upgradation are implemented, so as to encourage parallel migrations and maximize the resource utilization within the period of early-warning time. In our simulations, the EVLE and a baseline scheme, as well as a counterpart named as best-effort VN live evacuation (BVLE), are tested with different disaster scenarios. Numerical results illustrate that the EVLE, even if with a longer average evacuation time, can outperform the baseline scheme and BVLE in terms of the evacuation completion ratio under different early-warning times, and particularly can achieve distinct dominance under small early-warning times.

Aim In radiogenomics, certain MRI features have been recently associated to predict genetic alterations. We analyzed certain MRI features as well as six major genetic biomarkers, investigated their associations, and evaluated their prognostic roles in glioblastomas (GBMs). Material and methods Strict criteria included newly diagnosed GBM with optimal treatments. Simple manual imaging characteristics (tumor side, location, enhancement, diameter, depth, radiographic necrosis, and edema) were obtained from preoperative conventional MRI. Furthermore, all the status of the MGMT promoter, Chromosome 1p and 19q, IDH, TERT, and BRAF in tumor tissues were detected. Results Among 126 inpatients, 60 cases were selected and enrolled in the study. The status of the MGMT promoter was significantly associated with the grade of radiographic necrosis (p = 0.033). The rate of 19q deletion was significantly higher in tumors with the ring-shaped peritumoral edema (PTE) (p = 0.035) and in tumors with the ring-enhanced trait (p = 0.023). Univariate analysis showed that a low PTE index and MGMT promoter methylation were both unfavorable prognostic factors. While the PTE index statistically dropped out, the status of the MGMT promoter and the depth of the tumor were observed to be independent prognostic factors in multivariate analysis. Conclusion Based on simple neuroimaging metrics, novel connections between features of preoperative conventional MRI and status of major genetic biomarkers were observed, especially for the MGMT promoter and 19q.

BACKGROUND Cardiogenic shock (CS) secondary to acute myocardial infarction (AMI) complicates management of the condition, and often leads to poor prognosis. Prompt and accurate monitoring of cardiovascular and accompanying hemodynamic changes is crucial in achieving adequate management of the condition. Advances in technology has availed procedures such as pulse index continuous cardiac output (PiCCO), which can offer precise monitoring of cardiovascular functions and hemodynamic parameters. In this study, PiCCO is evaluated for its potential utility in improving management and clinical outcomes among elderly patients with AMI complicated by CS. AIM To assess whether use of the PiCCO system can improve clinical outcomes in elderly patients with AMI complicated by CS. METHODS Patients from emergency intensive care units (EICU) or coronary care units (CCU) were randomized to receive PiCCO monitoring or not. The APACHE II score, SOFA score, hs-TnI, NT-proBNP, PaO2/FiO2 ratio and lactate levels on day 1, 3 and 7 after treatment were compared. The infusion and urine volume at 0-24 h, 24-48 h and 48-72 h were recorded, as were the cardiac index (CI), extravascular lung water index (EVLWI), intrathoracic blood volume index (ITBVI) and global end diastolic volume index (GEDVI) at similar time intervals. RESULTS Sixty patients with AMI complicated by CS were included in the study. The PiCCO group had a significantly lower APACHE II score, SOFA score, hs-TnI and NT-proBNP levels on day 1, 3 and 7 after treatment. The infusion and urine volume during 0-24 h in the PiCCO group were significantly greater, and this group also showed significantly higher ADL scores. Furthermore, the PiCCO group spent lesser days on vasoactive agents, mechanical ventilation, and had a reduced length of stay in EICU/CCU. Additionally, the CI was significantly higher at 48 h and 72 h in the PiCCO group compared with that at 24 h, and the EVLWI, ITBVI and GEDVI were significantly decreased at 48 h and 72 h. CONCLUSION Applying the PiCCO system could improve the clinical outcomes of elderly patients with AMI complicated by CS.

Objective: To study LRG-1 expression in tongue cancer tissue and the effect of targeted inhibition of LRG-1 by siRNA on tongue cancer viability. Methods: Tongue cancer tissue and para-carcinoma tissue were collected to determine LRG-1 expression; tongue cancer cell lines Tca8113 were cultured and transfected with negative control siRNA (NC-siRNA group) and LRG1-targeted siRNA (LRG1-siRNA group) respectively, and the cell viability as well as the expression levels of angiogenesis molecules, apoptosis molecules and autophagy molecules were determined. Results: LRG-1 expression level in tongue cancer tissue was significantly higher than that in para-carcinoma tissue; after siRNA transfection, cell OD value of NC-siRNA group showed increasing trend, cell OD value of LRG1-siRNA group showed decreasing trend, cell OD values of LRG1-siRNA group at all points in time after transfection were significantly lower than those of NC-siRNA group; 24h after transfection, angiogenesisrelated molecules HIF-1α, PI3K, Akt and VEGF as well as anti-apoptotic molecules Bcl-2, Bmi-1 and Survivin expression levels in cells of LRG1-siRNA group were significantly lower than those of NC-siRNA group, pro-apoptotic molecules p53 and Caspase-3 as well as autophagy molecules Beclin-1 and LC3II expression levels were significantly higher than those of NC-siRNA group, and LC3I expression level was not significantly different from that of NC-siRNA group. Conclusions: LRG-1 shows a trend of high expression in tongue cancer tissue, and targeted inhibition of LRG-1 expression can reduce tongue cancer cell viability, inhibit angiogenesis and promote cell apoptosis and autophagy process.

The IOT paradigm promises to revolutionize the way we perceive the world which unites the physical world into Internet of Things (IOT) world. This paper discussed the IOT Architecture on the dynamic condition and information isolated island. Thus a novel Four-layer IOT architecture(FLIOTA) was proposed, which consists of Core Layer (CL), Security and Application Layer (SIL), Application Layer (AL) and Sensor and Actuator Layer (SAL), and is better to settle down the problem of the ignorance of dynamics of adaptability and the information isolated island.

The processes of electric ion extraction from plasma induced by pulse lasers are simulated by particle-in-cell (PIC) method and hybrid-PIC method. A new calculation scheme named preprocessing hybrid-PIC is presented because neither of the two methods above is omnipotent, especially under the circumstance of high initial plasma density. The new scheme provides credible results with less computational consumption than PIC method in both one- and two-dimensional simulations, except for Π-type electrode configuration. The simulation results show that the M-type performs best in all electrode configurations in both high-density and low-density plasma conditions.

Virtualization facilitates heterogeneous cloud applications to share the same physical infrastructure with admirable flexibility, while resource efficiency and survivability are critical concerns for virtual network embedding (VNE). In this paper, we study two-stage coordinated survivable VNE (SVNE) problem and propose an adaptive path splitting based SVNE (APSS) scheme for elastic optical networks (EONs). For APSS, we first develop a concise anchor node strategy to balance the node resource utilization and restrict the solution space of the candidate substrate nodes, which coordinates node mapping with link mapping to limit the distance spans of the virtual links. Then, we employ an adaptive path splitting policy to provide full protection against single-link failures with partial backup resource, and design an agile frequency slot windows choosing mechanism to mitigate the spectrum fragmentation for link resource efficiency. We evaluate the proposed APSS scheme and compare its performances with some counterpart schemes. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed APSS scheme can achieve satisfactory performance in terms of spectrum utilization and blocking ratio, even if with higher backup redundancy ratio.

It is difficult to repair knee deep burn wounds in elderly patients. In this study, we observed the therapeutic effects of descending genicular artery-saphenous artery perforator flaps on knee deep burn wounds in elderly patients. Between December 2013 and February 2018, we repaired knee third-degree burn wounds using descending genicular artery-saphenous artery perforator flaps of 20 × 12 cm to 23 × 13 cm in 56 elderly patients. For the patella and patellar ligament with complete necrosis, the patella and patellar ligament were completely removed, whereas for the patella and patellar ligament with partial necrosis, necrotic parts were removed first. The donor area was repaired using intermediate thickness free skin graft. The 56 patients were 76- to 85 years’ old and all had unilateral knee burn. All flaps survived in the 56 patients. After the follow-up of 2 to 36 months, the flaps were excellent in texture and appearance, and exhibited sensory recovery. In the 8 patients with completely necrotic patella and patellar ligament as well as open knee joint, the weight-bearing function of knee joint was retained, which met patients’ requirements of limb salvage and weight-bearing function. In the other 48 patients with partially necrotic patella and patellar ligament as well as open joint capsule, the postoperative flexion and extension of the knee joint were good. In elderly patients, it is an effective method to repair knee deep burn wounds using the descending genicular artery-saphenous artery perforator flaps.

Firstly, this paper introduces the overall framework and design ideas of LTE big data platform. Secondly, it describes the principles of decrypting encrypted data. In view of the distribution characters of keys required by NAS layer decryption, a decryption scheme for analysis and implementation based on the data structure of hash bucket is proposed. Finally, this scheme is validated and analyzed. Aiming to studying decryption scheme of NAS date, applying this scheme to analyze the LTE big data platform and implementing the function of encrypt the NAS PDU in LTE big data platform. The scheme has a good application value in the field of network testing and a great signification to the operation and maintenance of LTE big data platform.

In view of the poor portability, low efficiency of this interface existing monitoring scheme, the paper studies the protocol specification, signaling processes related S6a interface in the LTE (Long Term Evolution, Long Term Evolution) network, etc., then brings forth a synthetic scheme related with the Diameter protocol association. After passing through the current network data test, a relatively accurate method to reproduce S6a interface signaling processes, the scheme verifies the correctness and feasibility of the program, and provides a reliable guarantee basis for monitoring the interface.

In this paper, the networking architecture for 5G system to WLAN interworking is studied. Firstly, the demands of 5G system to WLAN interworking were introduced. Then we elaborate 5G and HEW network which mainly refers to the network architecture. After summarizing the evolution of two networks, we propose the proactive networking architecture.

In order to achieve decoding monitoring program in SGs interface, the paper analyzes the fundamental concept, network architecture and the advantages of CSFB in LTE network at first, then introduces the significance of SGs interface in CSFB. Using traversal method to decode the message of SGs interface and to achieve the monitoring of signaling messages in the playback platform, and lay a foundation for the further CDR synthesis at the same time. Finally, combined with the current network data, it’s verified the usability and operability of this scheme. It’s confirmed that the test result is correct, and the effect is good.

Based on telecom operators increasingly urgent demand for intelligent pipeline, this paper has proposed a kind of implementing scheme of traffic recognition system in LTE network. Aiming at the traditional monitoring system with poor user perception and insufficient statistical capacity, we achieved a self - learning refining identification system of application layer services, and further analyzed the characteristic of user behavior in mobile network which relying on the traditional monitoring system and applying current prevailing Internet behavior analysis technologies-deep packet inspection (DPI) technique and focused crawler technology.

The terminal uses data acquisition module to collect antenna parameters of the base station, data is processed by S3C2440 core module and transmitted to management system by wireless communication module. This introduces hardware and software design solution of the terminal. The intelligent terminal can measure coordinates, altitude, azimuth and tilt of base station.

Aiming at the problem that the dynamic arrival of the virtual network requests in the wireless network environment leads to the unbalanced allocation of the substrate network resources and the low acceptance rate of the subsequent requests, a topology-aware wireless virtual network embedding algorithm (WVNEA-TA) is proposed. By analyzing the dynamic topological attributes of the virtual network and the substrate network from local and global perspective, the algorithm sorts the mapping priority of the nodes in embedding process. In addition, considering the substrate link interference and the link load, the algorithm could select substrate bearer path with lower interference and well-resourced. The simulation results show that WVNEA-TA algorithm improves the acceptance rate, and increases the network R/C ratio.

In view of the existing decoding scheme of poor portability and low efficiency, the article analyzes the basic concepts, functions and message structure of the Diameter protocol in LTE (Long Term Evolution) network, then puts forward innovative decoding solutions by using dictionary method to resolve Diameter protocol. After testing by the current network data, the scheme has been verified to be correct and feasible, and effectively solves the decoding issue of Diameter protocol different message types in the LTE network.

According to the functional requirements of LTE tester, research on signaling and service processes on S5/S8/S4/S11 interfaces of LTE network, and the analysis of GTPV2 protocol, this paper proposes a Hash enhanced dynamic synthetic algorithm aiming to improving the efficiency of CDR synthesis in gtpv2 protocol stack, which analyzes the principle of the CDR synthesis and related algorithms. The scheme has been applied to the network monitoring system. It works efficiently with existing network data testing.

As the size and the complexity of optical mesh networks grow, double-link failures become more probable. To protect against double-link failures, we generally have to provision more backup resources with respect to single-link failures. To improve the resource efficiency, it is important to reduce backup resources used for surviving double-link failures. In this paper, we investigate some representative sharing schemes and propose an enhanced resource sharing scheme with resource contention resolution for double-link failures in survivable optical mesh networks. By fully taking into account the temporal and spatial factors, our scheme can accommodate reasonable contention for sharing resources and minimize backup resources for reservation with 100% protection guarantee. Simulation results show that this enhanced resource sharing scheme can achieve satisfactory performance in terms of resource utilization ratio and blocking probability.

As the Internet continues to grow, the power consumption of telecommunication networks is rising at a considerable speed, which seriously increases the operational expenditure and greenhouse gas emission. Since optical Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) networks are currently the most promising network infrastructures, power saving issue on these networks has received more attention in recent years. In traditional optical WDM networks, a large amount of power is drained by the redundant idle resources and reserved backup resources although these powered on resources do not carry traffic in most of the time. In order to reduce the network power consumption, turning off the corresponding network components or switching them to a low-power, standby state (or called sleep mode) is a promising greening approach. In this paper, we study the power-aware provisioning strategies and propose a sleep mode based Power-Aware Shared Path Protection (PASPP) heuristic algorithm to achieve the power efficiency of optical WDM networks. By jointly utilizing link-cost and fiber-cost in path routing, resource assignment, and resource release, PASPP makes working paths and backup paths converge on different fibers as much as possible, and switch idle and backup components to sleep mode to realize power saving. Simulation results show that our PASPP can obtain notable power saving and achieve satisfactory tradeoff between power efficiency and blocking probability with respect to Power-Unaware Shared Path Protection (PUSPP).

In order to find out the kiln of some articles unearthed at Fancui tomb of Northern Dynasty, we use the article samples to track to a kiln site near Cao village, Linzhang town, Hebei province. By compare and contrast of Cao village kiln samples with Northern Dynasty tomb articles, we conclude that Cao village kiln are of Northern Dynasty. We measure the physical properties and the chemical composition of the samples using energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF), and identify the samples are of lead glaze pottery, Fuzzy cluster analysis of the samples shows that Cao village kiln body samples raw materials come from 3~4 batches, while the glaze samples raw material come from 3 batches. It also shows that the body raw materials and the glaze raw materials of the sample supporting pins are the same as those of Cao Village kiln.

This paper reviews multi-channel media access control (MAC) protocols based on IEEE 802.11 in wireless Mesh networks (WMNs). Several key issues in multi-channel IEEE 802.11-based WMNs are introduced and typical solutions proposed in recent years are classified and discussed in detail. The experiments are performed by network simulator version 2 (NS2) to evaluate four representative algorithms compared with traditional IEEE 802.11. Simulation results indicate that using multiple channels can substantially improve the performance of WMNs in single-hop scenario and each node equipped with multiple interfaces can substantially improve the performance of WMNs in multi-hop scenario.

As the size and the complexity of optical mesh networks are continuing to grow and the severe natural disasters are occurring more frequently in recent years, multiple failures (link failures or node failures) become increasing probable. Protection strategies against these failures generally provision backup paths for working paths based on link-disjointness or node-disjointness. Compared with link-disjoint protection, node-disjoint protection means higher degree of risk isolation and can accommodate both link failures and node failures. This motivates us to propose a hybrid node-disjoint protection, named Segment and Path Shared Protection (SPSP), to provide 100% protection against arbitrary simultaneous double-node failures (the worst double-failure case). For each service connection request, SPSP first provisions backup segments for the working segments, respectively, as the primary backup resources, then provisions a single backup path for the whole working path as the second backup resource. In addition to its complete protection capability and flexible scalability for double failures, SPSP can also obtain better network load balance and resource sharing degree by dynamic link-cost adjustment and reserved backup resource sharing. Simulation results show that SPSP can achieve a shorter average recovery time than path shared protection (PSP) and higher resource utilization and lower blocking probability than segment shared protection (SSP).

BACKGROUND There are few studies on the arterial compliance of noise exposure. The purpose of this study was to understand the relationship between hearing loss, blood pressure and arterial compliance of female workers who exposed to occupational noise in a textile mill. METHODS The noise levels in the workplace were measured with a HS6288 sound level meter. Cumulated noise exposure (CNE) was calculated according to the noise intensity and the exposure period. Hearing ability and arterial compliance were measured in 618 noise exposed workers. The database was set up with EpiData and the statistical analysis was performed with SAS software 9.1.3. RESULTS The noise levels were 80.1dB (A) to 113.5dB (A), of which the levels at 92.5% of the noise monitoring sites were over the national standard. The incidence of high frequency hearing loss (HFHL) was 24.43% and language frequency hearing impairment (LFHI) was 0.81%. The incidence of hypertension was 7.93%. Both systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in the high frequency hearing loss group were significantly higher than those in the normal hearing group (P < 0.05), while C(1) (large artery compliance) and C(2) (small artery compliance) were significantly lower (P < 0.05). The high frequency hearing threshold (HFHT) of the hypertension group was significantly higher than in the normal blood pressure group (P < 0.05), while C(1) and C(2) were significantly lower (P < 0.05). C(1) and C(2) had a negative correlation with HFHT, SBP, DBP, mean of arterial pressure (MAP), pulse pressure (PP) and pulse rate (PR) (P < 0.05). The multiple regression analyses showed that blood pressure and PR were the main influencing factors on C(1) and C(2). LFHT was an influence on C(2) and HFHT on C(1). CONCLUSIONS Textile mill noise pollution is very serious and has an obvious influence on worker's auditory function. The female workers with low artery compliance or with high blood pressure might be suffering from hearing loss; those with noise induced hearing loss might be suffering from hypertension if she is constantly exposed to loud industrial noise.

In the IEEE 802.17 standard, bridging is suggested to connect multiple resilient packet rings (RPRs). However, the inherent bridging technology may not be a feasible solution because too many resources and too much overhead would be occupied or needed to transmit packets across multiple RPR networks. Therefore, extended definitions of a standard RPR frame, transmission technology, and multi-ring based auto- topology discovery are described and analyzed in this paper. These extensions and new mechanisms particularly support interconnected resilient packet rings (IRPRs), and although different, they are compatible with the standard RPR. We show that the proposed solution can overcome the shortcomings of connecting multiple RPRs by a new technology, and thus facilitate the RPR technology to match WAN applications.

A method of estimating the kinetic parameters and the critical rate of temperature rise in the thermal explosion for the autocatalytic decomposition of 3,4-bis(4′-nitrofurazan-3′-yl)-2-oxofurazan (BNFOF) with non-isothermal differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was presented. The rate equation for the decomposition of BNFOF was established, and information was obtained on the rate of temperature increase in BNFOF when the empiric-order autocatalytic decomposition was converted into thermal explosion.

Taking the northeastern Fujian area as an example, we provide some new technological ideas and contents for the historical earthquake investigation of significant engineering construction sites. ① Make sure the integrity of earthquake materials with reference to the regional histories of culture and disasters; ② Evaluate the influence of historical earthquakes on the basis of actual records, review and identify the epicenter location and magnitude of destructive earthquakes. The research by the new technological ideas will endue the investigation of historical earthquakes with new meanings in the cultural phylogeny and credible time domain, so as to make the results of historical earthquake research more scientific. The aim of the paper is to improve the level of historical earthquake investigation for a better service to the engineering construction.

The calibration of tiltmeter’s scale value is very important. Without a correct calibration, the observation is of little application significance. At present, a ‘direct calibration’ method (ZHU, 1993) is used, which gives a known displacement value on the instrument and then measures the output signals of the instrument under such a condition. However, the known displacement value must be very accurate. We believe that the calibration by bulging plate can meet the accuracy, but the following factors should be noted.

A novel, simple and controllable bandwidth allocation scheme, called bandwidth on Demand (BoD), is proposed for optical burst-switched networks in this paper. It assures every service class to consume bandwidth no more than its granted percentage by examining the bandwidth usage of each class every time when assigning wavelengths to bursts. The burst loss ratios under arbitrary input loads are theoretically analyzed as well as numerically simulated for the first time. The theoretical descriptions agree very well with the simulated results. This scheme can be used for effective bandwidth allocation and management.

The objective of this study is to evaluate whether high-dose chemotherapy is more efficacious than standard-dose chemotherapy in the treatment of primary well-differentiated osteosarcoma. The Cochrane systematic evaluation method was adopted. A database search was conducted in MEDLINE, Embase, OVID, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials database and the Chinese Biomedical Literature CD-ROM Database. The quality of the included studies was jointly evaluated by two reviewers, and homogeneous studies were included for meta-analysis. A total of five studies were included in this meta-analysis, with 1,415 subjects with primary, nonmetastatic, well-differentiated osteosarcoma in the limbs. No statistically significant differences were found between the high-dose chemotherapy group and the low-dose group in 5-year event-free survival [RR 1.04, 95 %CI (0.95, 1.13)], 5-year overall survival [RR 1.02, 95 %CI (0.95, 1.10)], local recurrence rate [RR 0.90, 95 %CI (0.59, 1.39)], proportion of subjects with good histological response [RR 0.93, 95 %CI (0.81, 1.07)], or limb salvage rate [RR 0.97, 95 %CI (0.92, 1.02)]. A statistically significant difference was observed in the 5-year event-free survival between the subjects with good histological response to preoperative chemotherapy and the subjects with poor histological response [RR 1.55, 95 %CI (1.19, 2.00), P < 0.001]. High-dose chemotherapy did not show superior efficacy to low-dose chemotherapy in the treatment of primary well-differentiated osteosarcoma. Further high-quality randomized controlled trials are needed to provide additional reliable evidence for our observation.

In this paper, thermal analysis, X-ray photoelectric spectroscopy (XPS), etc. were used to investigate the thermal stability of potassium dinitramide (KDN). It was found that the thermal decomposition of KDN crystal conformed to the topochemistry. The decomposition product, KNO 3 , formed eutectic system with KDN and decreased the liquefaction temperature of KDN.