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Optical communication technology based on the wavelength, time, polarization, and complex amplitude of light is approaching a bottleneck, while the spatial dimension is relatively unexplored. Orbital angular momentum (OAM) beams are an important group of spatial light beams that are promising for increasing the optical communication capacity based on their orthogonality. To effectively utilize this spatial dimension of light, broadband and low-crosstalk OAM mode de/multiplexing devices are indispensable. In this work, by exploiting an optical diffraction neural network, a low-crosstalk OAM de/multiplexer operating in the full C+L band is developed and demonstrated. The device can support 16 OAM modes (l=±1 to ±8) with 5 phase plates (8-level phase), and the designed insertion loss and average intermode crosstalk are better than -2.8 and -30.9 dB, respectively. In particular, multiplexing and demultiplexing are experimentally performed on the same device. The measured average insertion loss in mutltiplexing and demulteplexing is -6.1 to -5.4 and -6.8 to -5.8 dB, respectively, and the corresponding average intermode crosstalk is -27.2 to -22.7 and -26.5 to -22.4 dB. The results in this work have great application prospects for the design of mode de/multiplexers and mode division multiplexing communication systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Carbon fiber-reinforced silicon carbide matrix (C/SiC) composites are typical difficult-to-cut materials due to high hardness and brittleness. Aiming at the problem of the serious high cutting force and poor surface quality in conventional milling (CM) C/SiC composite process, ultrasonic vibration-assisted milling (UVAM) and conventional milling tests with a diamond-coated milling cutter were conducted. The results showed that reducing the feed per tooth, cutting depth, or increasing the cutting speed can reduce the average cutting force, and increasing the ultrasonic amplitude, the average cutting force decreases first and then increases. With the assistance of ultrasonic vibration, the maximum reduction rates of average cutting forces Fx, Fy, and Fz were 43.7%, 29.16%, and 68.09%.The ultrasonic vibration assisting effect does not significantly improve the damage of materials such as fiber breakage during processing. The ultrasonic vibration assisting effect improves the quality of processing edges. It is found that reducing feed per tooth, cutting depth, or increasing cutting speed can reduce surface roughness and increasing the ultrasonic amplitude reduces the surface roughness first and then increases. On the whole, the surface roughness of C/SiC ultrasonic vibration milling is slightly smaller than that of conventional machining. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we develop a modified gradient based algorithm for solving matrix equations AXB + CXTD = F. Different from the gradient based method introduced by Xie et al., 2010, the information generated in the first half-iterative step is fully exploited and used to construct the approximate solution. Theoretical analysis shows that the new method converges under certain assumptions. Numerical results are given to verify the efficiency of the new method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We consider the following inverse eigenvalue problem: to construct a special kind of matrix (real symmetric doubly arrow matrix) from the minimal and maximal eigenvalues of all its leading principal submatrices. The necessary and sufficient condition for the solvability of the problem is derived. Our results are constructive and they generate algorithmic procedures to construct such matrices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present several matrix Kantorovich-type inequalities, which improve the results obtained in Liu and Neudecker (1996). Elementary methods suffice to prove the inequalities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The initial characteristics of the surface layer following the quenching and tempering treatment of ultra-high-strength steel play a significant role in determining the subsequent precision machining. This study focus on investigating the influence of machining processes on the quenching and tempering surface layer. The machining processes affect both the oxidation of the quenching and tempering treatment and the development of a distinct preferred grain orientation. Gradual diminishment of surface abrasions leads to the transformation of the needle-like oxidation pattern into a layered oxidation structure. The preferred orientation of the grains prevents the grains from shear sliding, thereby enhancing the Taylor effect. Formation mechanisms of the microhardness and residual stress of the quenching and tempering surface layer induced by machining processes were also discussed and completely revealed. The microhardness is mainly attributed to the dynamic Hall-Petch effect, while plastic strain, dislocation energy storage, and phase transformation contribute to the residual stress changes. • Formation mechanisms of the quenching and tempering surface layer induced by machining processes were revealed. • Machined surface morphology affects preferred grain orientation preference and austenitization characteristics. • Microhardness of the surface layer induced by machining processes is mainly attributed to the dynamic Hall-Petch effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chatter is undesirable self-excited vibrations, which always lead to adverse effects during milling process. Selecting a reasonable combination of cutting parameters is an effective way to avoid chatter. Based on the mathematical model of milling process and the Floquet theory, the stable cutting area can be determined. The stability lobe diagrams (SLD) could be obtained by different interpolationmethods. To study the effect of higher order interpolation methods on the accuracy and efficiency of milling stability prediction, the state item, the time-delayed item, and the periodic-coefficient item of the state-space equation are approximated by different higher order interpolation methods, respectively. The calculations show that when the state item is approximated by the third-order Hermite interpolation polynomial, third-order Newton interpolation of the time-delayed item can improve the accuracy of SLD, while higher order interpolation of periodic-coefficient item has negative effect on improving effectiveness and efficiency compared to high-order interpolation of the state item and the time-delayed item. In order to obtain the SLD of milling process more accurately, an updated full-discretization milling stability prediction method which based on the third-order Hermite-Newton interpolation polynomial approximation is proposed in this paper. By dividing the tooth passing period equally into a finite set of time intervals, the third-order Hermite interpolation polynomial and the third-order Newton interpolation polynomial are utilized in each time interval to estimate the state item and the time-delayed item, respectively. The comparison of convergence rate of the critical eigenvalues and the SLD of the proposed method between the existing methods is carried out. The results indicate that the proposed method show a faster convergence rate than that of other methods, and its SLD is more close to the ideal ones with small number of time intervals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• This article introduced the stiffness characteristics of the joint surface between the mechanical connection structures of the spindle-tool holder, tool holder-spring clamp, and spring clamp-tool of the spindle system in the robot machining system into the prediction of machining stability. • This paper proposed a method for establishing a tool tip frequency response prediction model for robot milling systems, which improves the accuracy of theoretical prediction of the tool tip dynamic characteristics of robot milling systems under different postures, Compared to the method of obtaining tool tip frequency response of robot milling system through experiments to support milling stability prediction, the method proposed in this paper effectively improves the efficiency of robot milling stability prediction. • The prediction results of the proposed tool tip frequency response prediction model were imported, and a two-degree-of-freedom chatter prediction model considering the regenerative effect is established, and the robot milling chatter is predicted considering redundant degrees of freedom. The accuracy of prediction results is verified by milling experiment. The change of tool tip frequency response caused by the posture dependence of robot dynamic is one of the key problems that make it difficult to accurately predict the milling stability of robot. In this paper, a tool tip frequency response prediction method considering the interface stiffness characteristics of spindle-tool system is proposed for stability prediction of robotic milling under the condition of posture variation. Firstly, the interface stiffness models of spindle-toolholder, toolholder-spring clip and spring clip-tool are established based on Yoshimura's unit area method. Then, The dynamics model for the robot body and the interface stiffness models for spindle-tool system are imported into the finite element analysis model of the spindle system, so that the prediction of the tool tip frequency response is realized by harmonic response analysis. Compared with the experimental results, the maximum error of the natural frequency was not more than 2 %, and the maximum error of the amplitude was not more than 12 %. Finally, the 2 DOF robot milling stability prediction model is established. Then the robot milling chatter is predicted considering redundant degrees of freedom from the perspective of regenerative chatter prediction theory, and the accuracy of prediction results is verified by milling experiment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To further understand the effects of LSP on large components of high strength steel and provide improved solutions, this paper conducts research on effects of surface integrity on fatigue life in the LSP process with absorbent coating (LSPC), without absorbent coating (LSPN), without absorbent coating but with axial polishing (LSPP) respectively. The research also put a baseline specimens (BSL) before LSP for a comparison. Results show that average fatigue life in the LSPN process is 47.8% shorter than that of baseline specimens, and crack site area presents an obvious splitting-like tearing step. In the LSPC process, fatigue life is 31.7% longer than that of baseline specimens, and crack initiation site develops from surface to subsurface. In the LSPP process, the specimens show the longest fatigue life of 2.53 × 105cycles, with multiple fine microcracks developing simultaneously. Axial polishing removes ablative layer and tensile residual stress in the LSPN process and reduces dislocation pile-ups and refines grains in the LSPC process, resulting in a surface roughness of R a 0.61 μm, surface residual stress of −531MPa and microhardness of 405HV 0.025.Thus, the fatigue performances were found to be significantly affected by multiple surface integrity indicators induced by different LSP processes. In this paper, the effect of LSP on surface integrity on the subface and its influence on crack initiation and propagation have also been discussed, the crack initiation mechanisms in different processes were explained by using Murakami's K max equation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]