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In order to explore the design strategy of participatory design approach in the design of external human-machine interface (eHMI), this paper at the theoretical level researches the relevant literature and typical interfaces of eHMIs, and sorts out the basic concepts of explicit human-vehicle interaction features theory. Through the user participatory design method, we summarized the key design points of the eHMI and produced a design prototype, and optimized the prototype according to the participatory design experimental results and actual needs to obtain a design solution. The design was tested and evaluated at the practical level, and a strategy for user participation in the design of the external human-machine interface was concluded. The results show that the participatory design approach can improve the usability and acceptance of eHMIs, reduce the cognitive differences in the presentation of interface content, and provide a reference for the design of out-of-vehicle HCI in future work.

In order to use image recognition for the three-dimensional reconstruction of target objects faster and more conveniently, with the help of various machine vision technologies such as mathematical algorithms and machine learning algorithms, it aims to help engineers complete the three-dimensional reconstruction of cone-like aggregate piles. First, under the method based on a genetic algorithm, the proposed method can be used to identify the most common contour segments to deal with the contour recognition of aggregate piles and complete the work of region segmentation. The common fragment illustrates the particular logic contained in the outline. Then, this paper shows that the explicit representation of shape contour contributes to shaping representation and object recognition. Multiple two-dimensional virtual slices are used to divide the target object in the field of view of the binocular camera into multiple cross-sectional areas, so that an appropriate ellipse of the material pile contour curve similar to a cone is obtained to approximately express these cross-sectional areas. Finally, the three-dimensional reconstruction of the surface of the three-dimensional target object is completed by many two-dimensional elliptical slices. Experiments show that the method of three-dimensional reconstruction of images in a rapid and straightforward ability to prove its feasibility of the method.

For attribute-based zero-shot learning (ZSL), the attribute classifiers learned previously on the training images may not be usable for the testing images due to that the training and testing images may follow different data distributions. Since domain adaptation learning can effectively perform knowledge transfer under the circumstance of different data distributions, we proposed a novel ZSL method, referred to as multisource domain attribute adaptation based on adaptive multikernel alignment learning (A-MKAL), from the point of view of classifier adaptation. Considering there may be a large difference between object classes, we adopt the clustering method to group the training images according to the class–class correlation measured by the whitened cosine similarity, thus multiple source domains are created. The created multiple source domains are then combined into one weighted source domain to participate in the distribution discrepancy match across domains. In order to adapt the attribute classifier learned on the well-defined source domains to the target domain (the training image set), we designed the A-MKAL by applying the centered kernel alignment to align the attribute kernel matrix and the kernel function of adaptive multiple kernel learning. Experiments on Shoes, OSR, and AWA datasets show that, compared with state-of-the-art methods, our proposed method yields more accurate classification.

In this paper, adaptive quantized state estimation fusion is deeply studied. To approach the model mismatching problem induced by random quantization, some quantized Kalman filters have been presented in the previous work, such as the quantized Kalman filter with strong tracking filtering (QKF-STF), the variational Bayesian adaptive quantized Kalman filter (VB-AQKF), and a centralized fusion frame-based complex quantized filter called variational Bayesian adaptive QKF-STF (VB-AQKF-STF). Based on the previous work for the single sensor system, a distributed complex quantized filter is designed in this paper. A novel quantized Kalman filter based on multiple-method fusion scheme (QKF-MMF) is proposed. Similar to the VB-AQKF-STF, the QKF-MMF can also realize joint estimation on the state and the quantization error covariance under the distributed fusion frame. Furthermore, it extends the single sensor results to multisensor tracking systems by using centralized and distributed fusion frames. Two multisensor quantized fusion estimators are proposed for a parallel structure with main-secondary processors in the fusion center. The weighted fusion and embedded integration ways are deeply applied to design the multisensor quantized fusion methods. The proposed work can perfect the quantized estimation algorithms and provide different choices for practical engineering applications.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a main cause of dementia and exhibits abnormality in cognitive behaviors. Here, we probed into the role of p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) in cognitive dysfunction in AD. Primarily, C57BL/6 mouse and neuroblastoma cells were treated by amyloid-beta1-42 (Aβ

It has become more convenient to take photographs in our daily life. However, without sufficient skills, we often produce poor photographs with low contrast and unclear details under various imperfect illumination conditions. Although plenty of image enhancing models have been developed, most of them impose a uniform enhancing strength to the whole image region, and thus tend to generate over-enhancement effects for regions with originally-satisfying illumination. To address this issue, we propose a novel contrast enhancing model, which is a simple linear fusion process based on an original image and its initial enhancement. As the key of our model, we construct a lightness map that estimates the scene lightness, which is aware of the image structure at pixel-wise level. In the fusion process, this map dynamically weighs between the initially enhanced image and the original image, and thus ensures a seamless fusion result. In our experiments, we validate our model on images with various illumination conditions, such as strong back light, imbalanced light, and low light. The results empirically show that our model performs well on simultaneously improving image contrast and keeping its naturalness.

Micro-blog texts contain complex and abundant sentiments which reflect user’s standpoints or opinions on a given topic. However, the existing classification method of sentiments cannot facilitate micro-blog topic monitoring. To solve this problem, this paper presents a sentiment analysis method for Chinese micro-blog text based on the sentiment dictionary to support network regulators’ work better. First, the sentiment dictionary can be extended by extraction and construction of degree adverb dictionary, network word dictionary, negative word dictionary and other related dictionaries. Second, the sentiment value of a micro-blog text can be obtained through the calculation of the weight. Finally, micro-blog texts on a topic can be classified as positive, negative and neutral. Experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed method.

For decades, image segmentation is a hot research direction in computer vision because of its extensive and practical applications. In this work, we propose a method of image segmentation based on auto-encoders and hierarchical clustering algorithm, aiming at dealing with the segmentation problem in an unsupervised way. More specifically, this proposed method consists of two stages: training and segmenting. In training stage, we divide sample images into non-overlapped patches and extract deep-level feature representations from the patches using Stacked Denoising Auto-encoder (SDA), then we perform unsupervised and hierarchical K-means clustering on these feature representations and build an indexing tree structure. In segmenting stage, we achieve segmentation of an arbitrary image based on the indexing tree structure. This unsupervised methodology is demonstrated to be an improvement over traditional unsupervised segmentation methods owing to the introduction of sample images. Experimental evaluations on several benchmark datasets indicate that our algorithm outperforms several other methods in both time efficiency and accuracy.

More recently, remote sensing image classification has been moving from pixel-level interpretation to scene-level semantic understanding, which aims to label each scene image with a specific semantic class. While significant efforts have been made in developing various methods for remote sensing image scene classification, most of them rely on handcrafted features. In this letter, we propose a novel feature representation method for scene classification, named bag of convolutional features (BoCF). Different from the traditional bag of visual words-based methods in which the visual words are usually obtained by using handcrafted feature descriptors, the proposed BoCF generates visual words from deep convolutional features using off-the-shelf convolutional neural networks. Extensive evaluations on a publicly available remote sensing image scene classification benchmark and comparison with the state-of-the-art methods demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed BoCF method for remote sensing image scene classification.

Main factors affecting electronic equipment mounting base fatigue and measures to improve fatigue life were discussed systematically. Based on it, the mounting base fatigue life problem happened in an electronic equipment mounting base was analyzed, and determined that the right angle and machining fault at the bottom of the rid were the main factors caused to fatigue failure by using FEA simulation. Measures of changing the local structure and applying pretension stress were adopted, and verified the effectiveness of design improvement by impact, functional and durable random vibration experiments, results showed that all measures adopted were right and effective.

In the cabin design, the cabin layout is claimed tight and optimizes work environment. The cabin is a narrow space, and there are many equipment in the cabin. It will produce impact influence for the operation comfort and security. Therefore, the cabin design should sufficiently use space, and it is a security and useful environment for people. It is an important ensure, during which it is a long time and efficient [1]. The cabin design has many traits, such as the subsystem and discipline’s coverage wide, many design targets, complicated limit condition. Between design, task target’s independence is poor. They exist on mutual contradiction and restriction, and it will take repeated design. Therefore, the cabin layout valuation is a very necessity.

The solution to the low frequency noise control by active noise reduction is discussed, and the effects of vibration control of structure acoustic through the analysis of the principle of active noise reduction and the active vibration control measures of structure acoustic are described in this paper. The structural plate is taking as an example to study the degree of noise radiation reduction in the case of adding a secondary vibration source based on simulation, which can explore new solutions for noise control.

In this paper, a comparison of antenna correlation between a uniform linear array (ULA) and a uniform circular array (UCA) topological Massive MIMO (Multiple-input multiple-output) system is presented. We conduct a measurement campaign at a building hall scenario with bandwidth of 100MHz at 6GHz and extract the spatial correlation parameter. It is shown that antenna elements are deeply correlated and the envelope correlation coefficients show negative exponential down-trend with the increasing of antenna spacing in Massive MIMO systems. Furthermore, we investigate the system capacity. And then impact of spatial correlation on capacity is graphically presented, which is compared with simulation results of Rayleigh independent and identically distributed channel. Measurement campaign verifies the antenna correlation real exists, which decreased the system capacity.

Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) is a potential candidate key technology for the fifth generation of wireless communication systems. In research to date, many investigations are based on theoretical channels with independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) Rayleigh channels. In this paper, we focus on how a massive MIMO system performs in real propagation environments, specifically on channel performance of a realistic indoor scenario using large linear and circular antenna arrays. With massive MIMO, as the number of antennas increases and becomes much larger than the number of users, we get smaller singular value spreads and better orthogonality between user channels, what's more, the singular value spreads become more stable over channel realizations. The stability of singular value spread implies that bad channel conditions can be largely avoided. By analyzing the singular value spread of a massive MIMO system, it shows the measured channel can achieve performance close to the i.i.d. Rayleigh channel. So it can be conclude that the theoretical advantages of massive MIMO can also be harvest in real channel.

The dehazing algorithm for image processing is widely used to improve image quality, which aims to reduce the impact of hazy weather. The typical dehazing algorithm using dark channel prior (DCP) can carry out image dehazing efficiently. However, the processed image only by using DCP will lead to the low lightness and the weak colour of the image, which cannot meet the visual characteristics of the human eye in some extent. To solve this problem, this paper proposes an image fusion dehazing algorithm based on DCP and retinex. First, the original image is processed by the DCP dehazing algorithm to get the dehazed image. Then, the dehazed image is processed by using the retinex algorithm to get the enhanced image. Finally, the dehazed image and the enhanced image are fused using a linear fusion method, which is expected to improve the lightness and colour of the image after dehazing. Experimental results show that the algorithm proposed in this paper not only achieves good results for image dehazing, but also enhances its lightness and colour.

The optimization design of special vehicle cabin layout is a non-deterministic Polynomial problem. The design experience of the past has not been able to meet the design requirements of the layout of modern special vehicle compartments. Through a number of typical compartments of the layout of the comparative analysis, we can see that there are many existing layout options to be optimized. Therefore, this paper proposes an optimization design method based on genetic algorithm. By setting the objective function and the constraint condition, an improved cabin layout scheme is obtained. And the operation domain and visual field of the operator were analyzed by three-dimensional human body simulation software, and the ergonomic evaluation of the cabin layout was carried out. The results of the study can provide some technical basis for the design of special vehicle compartments.

This paper tested and analyzed the vibration of a special vehicle’s crew seat, collected the vehicle cabin vibration signal under different road environment, and at certain speed, it studied the effect of vehicle vibration on crew, and as the basis of vehicle seat retrofit design. The analysis results show that the maximum vibration acceleration value was on the longitudinal of the driver and other crew’s position, and in the later, design improvements should mainly focus on the longitudinal vibration reduction. At the same time in the process of vehicle test under different grade road crew’s comfort, all performed well; this shows that design in a certain velocity of anti-vibration meets the requirements of ergonomics. This paper provides suitable personnel vibration fatigue monitoring test method for special vehicle crew; the data obtained from this method are significant and can be effectively applied to the practical test, and it has important reference value on the seat of the vehicle vibration reduction design and the crew comfort evaluation.

Compared with the fixed fusion structure, the flexible fusion structure with mixed fusion methods has better adjustment performance for the complex air task network systems, and it can effectively help the system to achieve the goal under the given constraints. Because of the time-varying situation of the task network system induced by moving nodes and non-cooperative target, and limitations such as communication bandwidth and measurement distance, it is necessary to dynamically adjust the system fusion structure including sensors and fusion methods in a given adjustment period. Aiming at this, this paper studies the design of a flexible fusion algorithm by using an optimization learning technology. The purpose is to dynamically determine the sensors' numbers and the associated sensors to take part in the centralized and distributed fusion processes, respectively, herein termed sensor subsets selection. Firstly, two system performance indexes are introduced. Especially, the survivability index is presented and defined. Secondly, based on the two indexes and considering other conditions such as communication bandwidth and measurement distance, optimization models for both single target tracking and multi-target tracking are established. Correspondingly, solution steps are given for the two optimization models in detail. Simulation examples are demonstrated to validate the proposed algorithms.

Take a certain engineering vehicle as an example, use the application of the finite element analysis method, establish the finite element of the vehicle and passenger compartment cavity model, comparative stiffness calculation results, and test results verify the accuracy of the model. Focuses on the application of modal analysis method and acoustic mode, establish the acoustic-structural coupled finite element model, calculating modal participation factors, and the plate body structure contribution, structure analysis of sensitivity, noise source identification of main vehicle. The main noise source to take corresponding improvement measures, can effectively restrain the noise, to verify the correctness of the analysis method.

In order to investigate the factors that affect a certain type of special vehicle crewman’s basic cognitive ability, this paper starts from the basic connotation of basic cognitive ability, to determine the test content that affects the cognitive ability including depth perception, spatial perception, sound/light simple reaction time, attention span, attention focus ability, etc. About 107 subjects participate in the static environment test, the variance analysis method is used to deal with test results. The analysis result shows that: the crewman’s basic cognitive ability is greatly influenced by individual operating mode and external environmental factors, while different ages, educational background, and region have no obvious effect on the basic cognitive ability in the crewman. These conclusions have a certain reference value for the design of this special vehicle.

To identify susceptibility variants for hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), we conducted a genome-wide association study by genotyping 440,794 SNPs in 355 chronic HBV carriers with HCC and 360 chronic HBV carriers without HCC, all of Chinese ancestry. We identified one intronic SNP (rs17401966) in KIF1B on chromosome 1p36.22 that was highly associated with HBV-related HCC and confirmed this association in five additional independent samples, consisting of 1,962 individuals with HCC, 1,430 control subjects and 159 family trios. Across the six studies, the association with rs17401966 was highly statistically significant (joint odds ratio = 0.61, P = 1.7 x 10(-18)). In addition to KIF1B, the association region tagged two other plausible causative genes, UBE4B and PGD. Our findings provide evidence that the 1p36.22 locus confers susceptibility to HBV-related HCC, and suggest that KIF1B-, UBE4B- or PGD-related pathways might be involved in the pathogenesis of this malignancy.

Accurately determining the age of the Tuchengzi Formation has direct influence on confirming the boundary between the Jurassic and the Cretaceous systems in northern Hebei-western Liaoning, and on related geological problems in China. However, the Tuchengzi Formation mainly consists of sedimentary rocks, with a poor fossil record and especially lack of index fossils. The Tuchengzi Formation is also lack of the type of volcanic rocks that can provide an isotopic age. Therefore, the age of the Tuchengzi Formation has been uncertain. Based on our systematic dating of the tuff interbedded in the Tuchengzi Formation of Chengde and Jinlingsi-Yangshan basins in northern Hebei-western Liaoning, combined with the dating results of previous researchers, here we suggest that the age range of the Tuchengzi Formation in northern Hebei-western Liaoning is from 147 Ma to 136 Ma. It implied that the Tuchengzi Formation was mainly formed in the Early Cretaceous.

The Vehicle man–machine environment simulator is a professional testing simulation system that specifically for man–machine environment engineering’s research. The simulation platform mainly simulates the vehicle’s bumpy, vibration and shock caused by driving and manipulation on the various typical road surfaces, it provides a realistic motion environment for man-in-the-loop simulation. Vortex dynamics simulation software is an important tool to complete real-time dynamics calculation of the man–machine environmental simulator. The paper first briefly introduces the multi-body dynamics simulation software Vortex and then introduces the vehicle dynamics modeling approaches based on Vortex. Vehicle dynamics real-time simulation experiments are completed by setting up contact properties between vehicles and the ground. Results show that the Vortex has higher accuracy and good real time in the dynamics calculation.

The virtual prototype technology is a comprehensive technology and Virtools is a tool used for virtual reality, which has a user-friendly graphical interface and a powerful 3D engine. This paper introduced the characteristic advantages of virtual prototype technology and tried to build a virtual prototype of the cockpit. With the help of Virtools and multimedia technology, all modules’ functions in cockpit were demonstrated and exhibited. All the work was applied in a multi-channel virtual reality system. To build a virtual prototype, cockpit based on Virtools is helpful to improve the efficiency of scientific research and to reduce the cost and the difficulty of assess.

Modulation of urinary excretion of green tea polyphenols (GTPs) and oxidative DNA damage biomarker, 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), were assessed in urine samples collected from a randomized, double-blinded and placebo-controlled phase IIa chemoprevention trial with GTP in 124 individuals. These individuals were sero-positive for both HBsAg and aflatoxin-albumin adducts, and took GTP capsules daily at doses of 500 mg, 1000 mg or a placebo for 3 months. Twenty-four hour urine samples were collected before the intervention and at the first and third month of the study. Urinary excretion of 8-OHdG and GTP components was measured by HPLC-CoulArray electrochemical detection. The baseline levels of 8-OHdG and GTP components among the three groups showed homogeneity (P > 0.70), and a non-significant fluctuation was observed in the placebo group over the 3 months (P > 0.30). In GTP-treated groups, epigallocatechin (EGC) and epicatechin (EC) levels displayed significant and dose-dependent increases in both the 500 mg group and 1000 mg group (P < 0.05). The 8-OHdG levels did not differ between the three groups at the 1 month collection, with medians of 1.83, 2.08 and 1.86 ng/mg-creatinine for placebo, 500 and 1000 mg group, respectively (P = 0.999). At the end of the 3 months' intervention, 8-OHdG levels decreased significantly in both GTP-treated groups, with medians of 2.02, 1.03 and 1.15 ng/mg-creatinine for placebo, 500 mg and 1000 mg group, respectively (P = 0.007). These results suggest that urinary excretions of EGC and EC can serve as practical biomarkers for green tea consumption in human populations. The results also suggest that chemoprevention with GTP is effective in diminishing oxidative DNA damage.

In this paper, the dynamic simulation system for special vehicles is established rapidly on the basis of the vehicle dynamic study with the combined mode of PRO/E, 3DS MAX, and Virtools, realizing the highly reusing of the model. Engineering design and simulation was carried out at the same time, so the efficiency was improved and the design cycle was shortened. Some main contents for this thesis are as the follows: (1) imports data from PRO/E; (2) creates the 3D virtual scene with 3DSMAX; (3) processes and interacts on this model with Virtools Dev. It is showed by practice that it can make the developments of virtual simulation system more simplification, and can improve the efficiency, the facility, and the interaction, etc. At last, a summary and a prospect are made in this thesis.

In the virtual environment, persons are going to design, evaluate, revise, and validate. So, virtual simulation technical was rapid developed. Using the technical method, the combination of the act capture system and simulate software is carried on human-computer interaction interface design, evaluate, revise, validate, and excel the old one for vehicle. In the virtual environment, persons are operating. The designer may intuitional discern matter of human-computer interaction interface. The designer can timely revise. It is create human-computer interaction interface of comfort, safety, shortcut for person. In this paper, it describes design processes that use the virtual simulation technical. By the virtual simulation technique, the time and cost, which makes to design process, has to lower and raise the human-machine environment design level of the whole vehicle.

A certain engineering vehicle is taken as an example to build up the three-dimensional and full-floating cab 3D model and establish the vibration response model in the Adams platform. The vibration decoupling theory is applied to optimize the vibration stiffness of suspension and arrangement angle. The basic vibration isolation theory is used in the frequency domain for the analysis and calculation of transmission. Optimization results of the suspension system are verified, and the cab suspension system dynamics model of vehicle is created on the RecurDyn platform. The cab suspension system is placed in the vehicle for the comfort simulation to improve the comfort of the driver. NVH performance is improved with satisfactory results.

Objective HJURP (Holliday Junction-Recognizing Protein) plays dual roles in DNA repair and in accurate chromosome segregation during mitosis. We examined whether the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of HJURP were associated with the risk of occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) among chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) carriers from well-known high-risk regions for HCC in China. Methods Twenty-four haplotype-tagging SNPs across HJURP were selected from HapMap data using the Haploview software. We genotyped these 24 SNPs using the using Sequenom's iPLEX assay in the Fusui population, consisting of 348 patients with HCC and 359 cancer-free controls, and further investigated the significantly associated SNP using the TaqMan assay in the Haimen population, consisting of 100 cases and 103 controls. The genetic associations with the risk of HCC were analyzed by logistic regression. Results We observed an increased occurrence of HCC consistently associated with A/C or C/C genotypes of the non-synonymous SNP rs3771333 compared with the A/A genotype in both the Fusui and Haimen populations, with a pooled odds ratio 1.82 (95% confidence interval, 1.33–2.49; P = 1.9 × 10−4). Case-only analysis further indicated that carriers of the at-risk C allele were younger than those carrying the A/A genotype (P = 0.0016). In addition, the expression levels of HJURP in C allele carriers were lower than that in A/A genotype carriers (P = 0.0078 and 0.0010, for mRNA and protein levels, respectively). Conclusion Our findings suggest that rs3771333 in HJURP may play a role in mediating the susceptibility to HCC among Chinese.

OBJECTIVES Aflatoxin B1 exposure is one of the major risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). CYP1A2 is a cytochrome P450 isoenzyme that plays an important role in the bioactivation of AFB1 to its carcinogenic metabolite. The study was designed to assess whether genetic polymorphisms in CYP1A2 are associated with HCC susceptibility in a high-risk region. METHODS A case-control study of 431 HCC cases and 550 cancer-free controls recruited from an HCC endemic region in China was carried out. Three single nucleotide polymorphisms, namely -3860G > A (CYP1A2*1C), -3113G > A, and 5347T > C (CYP1A2*1B) were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism methods. RESULTS Homozygous carriers of the major haplotype -3860G/-3113G/5347C were associated with increased HCC susceptibility in the overall population (odds ratio [OR] = 1.65, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.11-2.46, P = 0.014), in HBsAg seronegative individuals (OR = 2.69, 95% CI: 1.43-5.06, P = 0.002), and in heavy smokers (OR = 2.14, 95% CI: 1.21-3.80, P=0.009). In addition, individuals carrying at least one CYP1A2*1C allele showed significantly decreased HCC risk (OR = 0.49, 95% CI: Q0.27-0.86, P = 0.013) in the HBsAg seronegative subpopulation. Furthermore, as compared with HBsAg seropositive patients, wild-type homozygotes of the CYP1A2*1C polymorphism were significantly over-represented in HBsAg seronegative patients (P = 0.024). No significant association between CYP1A2 genetic polymorphisms and HCC risk was observed in either HBsAg seropositive individuals or non-smokers. CONCLUSIONS CYP1A2 genetic polymorphisms are associated with HCC susceptibility in smokers and HBsAg seronegative individuals in the Fusui endemic region.