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The study of Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs)-based treatment is still unmet needs topic in recent years, especially focusing on the therapeutic effects of genetically modified BMSCs. IFN-β acts as a critical mediator in the occurrence and progress of prostate cancer. Additionally, its related signal transduction pathways affect malignancies. This study aims to discussion the mechanism of IFN-β-modified BMSCs in impeding the metastatic tropism of prostate cancer. A total of 40 male mice (SPF) with a clean grade were randomized into 4 groups (10 mice per group) as follows: control group, BMSCs group, IFN-β modified BMSCs group and TGF-beta/Smads inhibitor group. The following indicators were investigated: the expression level of IFN-β in IFN-β-modified BMSCs, in vitro metastatic tropism of prostate cancer cells, quantification of TGF-beta and Smads protein, along with the targeting of IFN-β and TGF-beta/Smads. The expression of IFN-β level was significantly increased denoted in the modified BMSCs (1.82±0.42) in comparison with those unmodified BMSCs (P < 0.05). After 48- and 72-hour culture, the proportion of migrating cells in the IFN-β-modified BMSCs group was significantly decreased than those in other groups (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, cells in the TGF-beta/Smads inhibitor group exhibited a significantly weaker tendency to migrate in comparison with those in the control group and BMSCs group, but still showed more migrating cells compared to cells in the IFN-β-modified BMSCs group (P < 0.05). Moreover, a significant reduction of migrated cells was denoted in the BMSCs group after 48- and 72-hour culture in comparison with the control group (P < 0.05). The weakest expression of TGF-beta/Smads proteins was denoted in the IFN-β-modified BMSCs group, followed by the TGF-beta/Smads inhibitor group, BMSCs group and control group (P < 0.05). The TGF-beta/Smads inhibitor group exhibited significantly decreased levels of TGF-beta/Smads proteins in comparison with the control group and BMSCs group (P < 0.05). Moreover, a significant decline of TGF-beta/Smads proteins was denoted in the BMSCs group in comparison with the control group (P < 0.05). The IFN-β gene was incubated separately with wild-type and mutant plasmids in the dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. The results indicated that the expression of IFN-β was stronger in the mutant plasmids (P < 0.05) IFN-β-modified BMSCs can boost the entrance of IFN-β into prostate cancer cells, thereby enhancing their expression of IFN-β, which resulted in the expression impediment of TGF-beta/Smads signals, leading to an inhibited metastatic tropism of prostate cancer cells. Its mechanism was mainly related to the TGF-beta/Smads signal transduction pathway.

Comprehensive quality evaluation strategy was established for Rana chensinensis ovum based on analytical chemistry and chemometrics.

Nanotechnology-based drug-free therapeutic systems utilizing external stimuli can avoid the inherent side effects of drugs and become an attractive therapeutic strategy. However, the cellular stress responses (CSR) are activated encounter with external stimuli, which greatly weaken the efficacy of the drug-free antitumor. Thus, we proposed a CSR regulation strategy and synthesized the glucose oxidase (GOx)-modified Cu

A taocode is a kind of specially coded text-link on taobao.com (the world's biggest online shopping website), through which users can share messages about products with each other. Analyzing taocodes can potentially facilitate understanding of the social relationships between users and, more excitingly, their online purchasing behaviors under the influence of taocode diffusion. This paper innovatively investigates the problem of online purchasing predictions from an information diffusion perspective, with taocode as a case study. Specifically, we conduct profound observational studies on a large-scale real-world dataset from Taobao, containing over 100M Taocode sharing records. Inspired by our observations, we propose InfNet, a dynamic GNN-based framework that models the information diffusion across Taocode. We then apply InfNet to item purchasing predictions. Extensive experiments on real-world datasets validate the effectiveness of InfNet compared with νmofbaseline~ state-of-the-art baselines.

With the aim of identifying the active components of Xueshuan Xinmaining Tablet (XXT) and discussing the potential mechanism involved, the relationship between HPLC fingerprints and its blood-activating effect were established by multivariate statistical analysis, including gray relational analysis (GRA) and partial least squares regression analysis (PLSR). Network pharmacology was used to predict the potential mechanism based on the identified active components. GRA and PLSR analysis showed close correlation between the HPLC fingerprints and blood-activating activity, and peaks P1, P3, P11, P15, P22, P34, P36, P38 and P39 might be potential anti-blood stasis components of XXT. The pharmacological verification showed that salvianic acid A (P1), rutin (P3), ginsenoside Rg1 (P11) and Rb1 (P22), cinobufagin (P36), and tanshinone I (P38) and IIA (P39) had significant blood-activating effects. Based on these seven active compounds, network pharmacology analysis indicated that the anti-blood stasis effect of XXT might be closely related to TNF, PI3K-Akt and NF-κB signaling pathways. The spectrum–effect relationship of XXT was successfully established in this study. The blood-activating components and the anti-blood stasis mechanism were revealed and predicted. These findings could also be beneficial for an exploration of the active components of TCM.

This work was dedicated to evaluating the drying methods (freeze drying, spray drying, and vacuum drying) of food Rana chensinensis ovum protein isolate (RCOPI) based on comparison of the physicochemical and functional properties. The characterization and evaluation were conducted using scanning electron microscopy, surface hydrophobicity, SDS-PAGE, amino acid composition and nutritional parameters, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and autofluorescence spectroscopy. The results showed the protein structure and conformation of RCOPI were greatly affected by drying techniques, leading to different physicochemical and functional properties. RCOPI possessed four main subunit bands distributed around 110, 90, 35 and 32 kDa. Seven essential amino acids were detected, accounting for 43.27-43.65% of total amino acids. Freeze drying RCOPI (FD-RCOPI) showed superior functional features, including solubility, water holding capacity, oil holding capacity, stabilization of Pickering emulsion and antioxidant capacity. FD-RCOPI exhibited applicability for the manufacture of viscous foods, bakery products and Pickering emulsions.

In this study, the chemical composition of different tissues of Rana temporaria chensinensis David derived from the same individual was analyzed by comparative approach. First, pre-column derivatization combined with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was established to determine the content of 1-methyl hydantoin in samples, which used S1–S5 samples. The results indicated that 1-methyl hydantoin was determined in Oviductus Ranae (OR), Rana chensinensis ovum (RCO), Rana chensinensis meat (RCM), and Rana chensinensis skin (RCS), except for Rana chensinensis bone (RCB). Moreover, the content of it in RCS was the highest. In addition, the contents of six polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in different tissues of Rana chensinensis were measured by HPLC, including eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), α-linolenic acid (ALA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), arachidonic acid (ARA), linoleic acid (LA) and oleic acid (OA). The results indicated that OR, RCO, RCM, RCS, and RCB all contained the above six PUFAs. With the aid of chemometrics methods, the results of principal component analysis (PCA), hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) combined with the sequencing results of the total PUFAs content of each sample, showed that different tissues of Rana chensinensis could be divided into four categories, and the RCO sample was divided into one category because of the highest PUFAs content, which was a good source of PUFA. For comparison, OR and other tissue from the perspective of PUFAs, we also established OPLS-DA models of them. It could be found that the RCM was the most similar to the OR in the diversity and content of PUFAs. This study provided a theoretical basis for the further development and utilization of RCO, RCM, RCS, and RCB as by-products of OR.

Acanthopanax senticosus leaves (SCL) and Acanthopanax sessiliflorus leaves (SFL), which are usually made into functional teas, possess similar pharmacological activities. With the aim of revealing their chemical compositions and evaluating their sedative-hypnotic effects, comprehensive metabolite profiling analysis based on ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q/TOF-MS) and high-performance liquid chromatography with evaporative light scattering detection (HPLC-ELSD) as well as bioassay studies in mice were performed for the first time. Firstly, a total of 75 compounds (including 69 shared components) were identified or briefly characterized. Results indicated that the leaves of the two species were both rich in phytochemicals and contained similar structural types. Secondly, 20 and 7 chemical markers were identified from SCL and SFL, respectively. Five oleanane-type triterpene saponins (ciwujianoside C1, C3, D2, E and saniculoside N) and two lupine-type triterpene saponins (1-deoxychiisanoside and 24-hydroxychiisanoside) may be used for rapid identification of SCL and SFL. Thirdly, the contents of rutin, hederacoside D, ciwujianoside B, -C3, -E and ursolic acid in SCL (0.308%, 0.024%, 0.042%, 0.131%, 0.038%, and 0.255%, respectively) were higher than in SFL (0.067%, 0.005%, 0.012%, 0.015%, 0.002%, and 0.087%, respectively). Fourthly, an in vivo bioassay verified that both SCL and SFL could inhibit autonomous activity, shorten sleep latency and prolong sleep duration in a dose-dependent manner. To a certain degree, SCL showed a higher and more stable effect. The hypnotic effect could be inhibited by flumazenil (FLU). The two leaves not only had an obvious antagonism action of p-chlorophenoxyacetic acid (pCPA) but also showed a synergistic hypnotic effect with 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP). The beneficial bioactivity may be mediated by 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Finally, network pharmacology analysis showed that the undifferentiated and differentiated compounds were the material basis for the similar and the different activities of two leaves. Some typical chemical markers (such as saniculoside N, hederacoside D, ciwujianoside C3, -E and ursolic acid, 24-hydroxychiisanoside and 1-deoxyisochiisanoside) were the potential active compounds and could be used as quality markers in the future. The present study furnished a basis for the further development and utilization of the leaves of these two Acanthopanax species.

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the polymorphisms of SLC6A4 gene affect the occurrence of lifelong premature ejaculation (LPE). In this case-control study, Agena MassARRAY was used to genotype SLC6A4 polymorphisms of 91 LPE patients and 362 controls. Then, genetic model and haplotype analysis were utilised to explore the correlation between SLC6A4 polymorphisms and LPE risk. The results showed that allele T, genotype T/T and C/T-T/T of rs9303628 were significantly correlated with a decreased risk of LPE in allele (p = .009), co-dominant (p = .025) and dominant (p = .014) model respectively. Allele T and genotype C/T-T/T of rs2054847 reduced the risk of LPE in co-dominant (p = .015) and dominant (p = .030) models respectively. Furthermore, there was a significant correlation between Ars9303628 Crs2054847 haplotype and the decreased the risk of LPE (p = .010). In conclusion, this study firstly proved that the presence of rs9303628 and rs2054847 in SLC6A4 gene was a protective factor for the occurrence of LPE in the Chinese Han population.

A carbene-catalyzed enantioselective addition of enals to five-membered cyclic imines is developed. The reaction gives chiral quaternary α-amino phosphonates bearing tetrasubstituted carbon centers with excellent enantioselectivities. The imine substrates can be generated in situ from the corresponding amines under an oxidative condition that is compatible with the carbene catalysis. Thus, a one-pot cross-dehydrogenative-coupling (CDC) reaction between enals and amines is also realized with high enantioselectivity remaining. The method provides quick enantioselective access to amino phosphonates with potential applications in medicines and pesticides. NRF (Natl Research Foundation, S’pore) ASTAR (Agency for Sci., Tech. and Research, S’pore) MOE (Min. of Education, S’pore) Accepted version

Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) is a rare histiocytic disorder of unclear etiology, which commonly presented with the enlargement of lymph nodes of the neck and the head. Here, we report an unusual case of 77-year-old male patient presenting with left kidney lesion with several small enlarged lymph nodes around the abdominal aorta. The diagnosis of left kidney cancer was suspected and the patient underwent left laparoscopic exploration and lymph node biopsy. Only saponification of the renal surrounding fat and enlargement of the left renal pedicle and 5 abdominal aortic lymph nodes were found; no kidney cancer was found. Surrenalectomy and lymphadenectomy dissection were then performed and the left kidney was retained. Intraoperative frozen and postoperative pathology indicates Rosai-Dorfman disease. RDD with kidney involvement is uncommon, and its x-ray imaging appearances are atypical, and often resemble kidney cancer leading to kidney loss. A systematic literature review was also performed to investigate the x-ray imaging and treatment features of this disease.

In order to provide data and scientific basis for clarifying the contents of protein in ginseng, the determination of protein was carried out. The dried ginseng was taken as the test sample. The Coomassie brilliant blue method was used to assay the total protein based on ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry at 595 nm. The bovine serum albumin was used as the reference substance. The calibration curve of bovine serum albumin was produced by plotting the absorbance against concentration. The correlation coefficient was greater than 0.99 with the linear range between 0.021 and 0.147 mg. The results showed that the ginseng of different ages ranked in decreasing order based on the contents of protein was: 6-year-old ginseng, 5-year-old ginseng, and 4-year-old ginseng. It could be concluded that the contents of protein accumulated with the increasing cultivation ages.

Four previously undescribed ginsenosides, along with five known analogues were isolated from wild ginseng by a UPLC-QTOF-MS-guided fractionation procedure. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic and spectrometric data (1D and 2D NMR, HR-ESI-MS). The isolated compounds could significantly inhibit the cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-induced inflammatory reaction in A549 cells. The HDAC2 pathway might be involved in the protective effect against the CSE-mediated inflammatory response in A549 cells.

The last couple of decades have witnessed tremendous development within N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) organocatalysis. NHCs have been used as powerful organic catalysts in asymmetric synthesis. Although great achievements have been made in asymmetric NHC catalysis, their applications in kinetic resolution (KR), dynamic kinetic resolution (DKR), and desymmetrization processes have been relatively less developed. Moreover, limited activation modes have been involved in these processes. This review provides an overview of the NHC-organocatalyzed KR, DKR, and desymmetrization reactions in the preparation of chiral functional molecules. The aim is to highlight both the importance and elegance of these methods in the construction of challenging chiral compounds and to provide our own perspective on future development in this direction.

A carbene-catalyzed enantioselective [4+2] cycloaddition reaction between a,b-unsaturated aldehydes and a-ketophosphonates is developed. The reaction affords chiral 2-pyranylphosphonates with excellent enantioselectivities. The optically enriched phosphonate products bear multiple functional groups, including unsaturated lactone and phosphonate moieties that often lead to unique bio-activities. Preliminary studies show that the products from our reactions exhibit anti-bacterial (X. oryzae pv. oryzae) and anti-viral (Tobacco Mosaic Virus) activities for potential use in plant protection. NRF (Natl Research Foundation, S’pore) ASTAR (Agency for Sci., Tech. and Research, S’pore) MOE (Min. of Education, S’pore) Accepted version

Rock mass structures are key factors that control and influence the stability of foundation engineering, underground engineering, and slope engineering. Based on the traditional plane block theory, a new approach of three-dimensional (3D) surface block identification and analysis is put forward. The 3D rock mass model integrated geological structures with stochastic rock structural network planes were first built according to the given mathematical definition of surface blocks. Then, subject to the four principles of closure, completeness, uniqueness, and validity, the proposed method can search, identify, and analyze key free blocks and constraint blocks. This approach was applied to study the rock blocks of a developed hydropower project and offers a new measure for rock mass stability analysis and control.

Let H be a complex, separable, infinite dimensional Hilbert space.L (H) denotes the set of all bounded linear operators acting on H.

A new phenanthroimidazole-based material named 4,4'-bis(1-(4-cyano-phenyl)-1H-phenanthro[9,10-d]imidazol-2-yl)biphenyl (CN-BPPI) was prepared by simple one-pot chemical reaction. Its structure and its photophysical, electrochemical and mobility properties were carefully studied. CN-BPPI exhibited similar absorption and emission spectra to BPPI, while the thermal stability and photoluminescence quantum yield were enhanced. More balanced carrier mobility was realized in CN-BPPI due to the substitution of cyano, which was proved by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and single-carriers measurements. The electroluminescence (EL) properties of a blue emitting CN-BPPI device were researched and the EL performances were much better than those for BPPI.