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In recent years, with the improvement of computers, automation, and communication technologies, autonomous driving has developed rapidly and has become a research hotspot in transportation. In order to optimize the existing autonomous driving scheme, this paper investigates the key technologies in 5G-based Telematics autonomous driving, mainly including the millimeter wave communication method and automatic obstacle avoidance strategy design, and tests and analyzes them through simulation experiments. In the simulation experiment, the synchronization rate of rear vehicle 1 of lane X1 is 97.56%, that of rear vehicle X2 is 98.43%, and that of rear vehicle X3 is 97.82%, with an average synchronization rate of 97.94%. The synchronization rates of rear vehicle Y1, Y2 and Y3 of lane 2 are 98.27%, 97.84%, and 96.89%, respectively, with an average synchronization rate of 97.67%. For the local observation latency in Telematics, the 5G Big Data-based scheme reduces 10.22% on average compared to the F-DDQL scheme and 9.76% on average compared to the IF-DDQL scheme. Regarding system latency, the 5G Big Data-based scheme reduces 8.67% and 9.21% on average compared to the other two schemes, respectively. The 5G Big Data-based Telematics autopilot can significantly improve the synchronization rate of vehicles and effectively reduce network latency. The research on the key technologies of 5G big data-based connected vehicle autonomous driving in this paper can overcome the shortcomings of traditional autonomous driving technology with unstable networking and help reduce the reliance on high-precision sensors, thus further improving autonomous driving performance.

Abstract: Aim of the study: Lubricating gut pill (LGP), a traditional Chinese formula, had been conformed to improve the loperamide-induced rat constipation by stimulation of Cl− secretion, but its mechanism has not been fully explored. Thus, the purpose of this study was to identify the action sites of LGP-stimulated Cl− secretion across rat distal colonic mucosa. Materials and methods: Rat distal colonic mucosa was mounted in Ussing chambers and short circuit current (I SC), apical Cl− current and basolateral K+ current were recorded. Intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) content and protein kinase A (PKA) activity were determined with ELISA kit and the non-radioactive PepTag test, respectively. Results: LGP at 800μg/ml elicited a sustained increase in Cl− secretory response, which was inhibited by CFTRinh172, a cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) inhibitor. Permeabilizing apical membrane with nystatin revealed that LGP-stimulated basolateral K+ current was significantly inhibited by KCNQ1 K+ channel inhibitor chromanol 293B. LGP-stimulated I SC was markedly reduced by pretreatment with cis-N-[2-phenylcyclopentyl]-azacyclotridec-1-en-2amine (MDL-12,330A) and N-[2-(p-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl]-5-isoquinolinesulfonamide (H-89), but not with inhibitors of Ca2+-dependent signaling pathway. Treatment of tissue with LGP resulted in an increase in intracellular cAMP level and the activation in protein kinase A. The E-prostanoid4 (EP)4 receptor antagonist L-161,982 completely eliminated LGP-induced response. Conclusions: The results showed that LGP enhances Cl− and fluid secretion via prostanoid receptor signaling and also cAMP and protein kinase A pathway, subsequently triggering the activation of apical Cl− channels mostly CFTR and basolateral cAMP-dependent K+ channel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim of the study: Lubricating gut pill (LGP), a traditional Chinese formula, was widely used for the treatment of chronic constipation, especially in the elderly, in China. However, it is unclear whether LGP-induced laxative and/or lubricating effect is involved in water and electrolytes transport in distal colonic epithelium. Materials and methods: The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of LGP on Cl− secretion across rat distal colonic epithelium mounted in Ussing chambers, and on a rat constipation model induced by loperamide, respectively. Results: Application of LGP in the apical side elicited a sustained increase in short circuit current (I SC) response in a concentration-dependent manner. Evidence that LGP-stimulated I SC was due to Cl− secretion is based on inhibition of current by (a) a Na+–K+–2Cl− cotransporter inhibitor bumetanide, (b) removal of Cl− ions in bath solution, and (c) the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) Cl− channel blocker DPC, suggesting that a apical cAMP-dependent Cl− channel was activated. LGP-stimulated I SC was also strongly inhibited by pretreatment with clotrimazole, indicating that the basolateral K+ channel was also involved in maintaining this cAMP-dependent Cl− secretion. Pretreatment of tissues with indomethacin, but not atropine, tetrodotoxin or hexamethonium, inhibited LGP-induced response. In a rat constipation model, oral administration with LGP was significantly restored number of fecal pellets, water content and mucus secretion compared with loperamide-treated group alone. Conclusions: LGP enhances Cl− secretion that is mostly mediated through the release of cyclooxygenase metabolites, by which provided an osmotic force for the subsequent laxative action observed in the rat constipation model. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Objective: To investigate the effect of astragaloside IV (As IV) on the activation of rennin-angiotensin system in rats with pressure-overload induced cardiac hypertrophy., Method: Left ventricle hypertrophy was induced by abdominal aorta banding between bilateral renal aortas for 12 weeks. Rats were given astragaloside IV 1.0 mg x kg(-1) and 3.3 mg x kg(-1) for 12 weeks, respectively. After treatment, the left ventricular mass index (LVMI)was calculated by morphometry methods. Plasma and cardiac tissue angiotensin II, and plasma aldosterone were measured by ELISA method. Gene expressions of ACE, AT1 and AT2 in cardiac tissue were detected by real time PCR. Protein expressions of AT1 and AT2 in cardiac tissue were detected by Western blot., Result: Compared with model rats, LVMI was decreased by astragaloside IV treatment. Biochemical results indicated that the contents of angiotensin II in plasma and cardiac tissue as well as aldosterone in plasma were all increased in abdominal aorta banding rats comparing with sham-operated rats, then, decreased by astragaloside IV treatment. Gene expressions of cardiac ACE was downregulated by astragaloside IV, however, gene and protein expressions of cardiac AT2 were upregulated by astragaloside IV. Both elevated gene and protein expressions of AT1 were not attenuated by astragaloside IV., Conclusion: Excessive activated rennin-angiotensin system in rats with pressure-overload induced cardiac hypertrophy is inhibited by astragaloside IV treatment.

Objective: To search for immunocompetent position in Rabdosia amethystoieds (Benth.) Hara., Methods: Spleen cells of mice were stimulated by mitogen concannvalin A (ConA), and proliferation of lymphocytes were measured with tetrazolium salts (MTT) in vitro. With such immunopharmacological experiment, immunocompetent position of Rabdosia amethystoieds (Benth.) Hara directively were separated., Results: FA and FC could promote proliferation, but FB and FD had stimulative and inhibitory effect respectively at different concentration. FB-1 and FB-2 had promotive effect but FB-3 and FB-4 had suppressive effect mainly., Conclusion: There are immunocomponents in Rabdosia amethystoieds (Benth.) Hara.