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Let V be an n-dimensional vector space over the finite field F q and let V k q denote the family of all k-dimensional subspaces of V. A family F ⊆ V k q is called intersecting if for all F, F ′ ∈ F , we have dim (F ∩ F ′) ≥ 1. A family F ⊆ V k q is called almost intersecting if for every F ∈ F there is at most one element F ′ ∈ F satisfying dim (F ∩ F ′) = 0. In this paper we investigate almost intersecting families in the vector space V. Firstly, for large n, we determine the maximum size of an almost intersecting family in V k q , which is the same as that of an intersecting family. Secondly, we characterize the structures of all maximum almost intersecting families under the condition that they are not intersecting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A large set LOD(v) $\text{LOD}(v)$ is a partition of all ordered triples of a v $v$‐set into v−2 $v-2$ disjoint ordered designs of order v $v$. In this paper, we generalize the large set LOD(v) $\text{LOD}(v)$ with v=gt $v=gt$ to the notion of POT(gt) $\text{POT}({g}^{t})$, representing a partition of all ordered triples of a gt $gt$‐set into disjoint uniform holely ordered designs HOD(gt) $\text{HOD}({g}^{t})$s. We show that a POT(gt) $\text{POT}({g}^{t})$ exists if and only if g=1,2 $g=1,2$ and t≥3 $t\ge 3$, except for (g,t)=(1,6) $(g,t)=(1,6)$. Moreover, we study the existence of a POT(gt) $\text{POT}({g}^{t})$ with every member HOD(gt) $\text{HOD}({g}^{t})$ having a kind of resolution. We show that a resolvable POT(gt) $\text{POT}({g}^{t})$ exists if and only if g=1,2 $g=1,2$, t≥3 $t\ge 3$, (g,t)≠(1,6) $(g,t)\ne (1,6)$, with 27 possible exceptions. For almost resolvable POT(2t) $\text{POT}({2}^{t})$s, we prove the asymptotic existence and present a few infinite families. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A t-spontaneous emission error design, denoted by t-(v, k; m) SEED or t-SEED in short, is a system B of k-subsets of a v-set V with a partition B 1 , B 2 , … , B m of B satisfying | { B ∈ B i : E ⊆ B } | | B i | = μ E for any 1 ≤ i ≤ m and E ⊆ V , | E | ≤ t , where μ E is a constant depending only on E. A t-(v, k; m) SEED is an important combinatorial object with applications in quantum jump codes. The number m is called the dimension of the t-SEED and this corresponds to the number of orthogonal basis states in a quantum jump code. For given v, k and t, a t-(v, k; m) SEED is called optimal when m achieves the largest possible dimension. When k ∣ v , an optimal 1-(v, k; m) SEED has dimension v - 1 k - 1 and can be constructed by Baranyai’s Theorem. This note investigates optimal 1-(v, k; m) SEEDs with k ∤ v , in which a generalization of Baranyai’s Theorem plays a significant role. To be specific, we construct an optimal 1-(v, k; m) SEED for all positive integers v, k, s with v ≡ - s (mod k), k ≥ s + 1 and v ≥ max { 2 k , s (2 k - 1) } . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nanotechnology has great theoretical and application value. Nanomaterials have the characteristics of radiation, absorption, sterilization, and adsorption. Numerous studies have shown that nanotechnology plays an important role in protecting and planning public green spaces. In recent years, with the continuous improvement of Macau's status as an international city, the development of tourism has led to the northward shift of the centre under the "spillover effect" of the residential space in the historical city. As a typical high-density community, the Macau Peninsula has a serious shortage of public green space. This paper selects Macau's community public green spaces as research objects, takes environmental perception as the evaluation perspective, takes the supply capacity of public green space and the degree of demand of urban residents as evaluation indicators, as well as the subjective and objective factors that affect the layout of public green space, combined with relevant theories to construct A complete set of comprehensive index system. Based on the analysis results, from the attractiveness and utilization rate of public green space, the layout of public green space, urban road traffic network, land use planning, nanotechnology materials, etc., to explore effective ways to promote the sustainable development of high-density cities in Macau. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the occurrence and development of gastric mucosal atrophic lesions and their histopathological characteristics. Methods: Histopathological diagnosis and immunohistochemical staining using the EnVision two-step method were conducted on 1969 gastric mucosal atrophic lesions obtained from gastroscopic biopsy specimens. A total of 48-month three-stage endoscopic biopsy follow-ups were performed. Results: When the gastric mucosal epithelium was affected by infection, chemical irritation, or immune or genetic factors, the gastric mucosal epithelium glands atrophied, the mucosa became thinner, the number of glands decreased, the intestinal epithelium progressed to metaplasia and smooth muscle fibre became hyperplasia. Such changes may lead to the proliferation and dysplasia of epithelial cells of the gastric mucosa and neoplastic hyperplasia in nature; this is referred to as gastric mucosal atrophic lesions in this study. According to this definition, the present study divided gastric mucosal atrophy into four types: (1) glandular atrophy of the lamina propria; (2) compensatory proliferative atrophy; (3) intestinal metaplasia atrophy; and (4) smooth muscle proliferative atrophy. The incidence rates of the above were 40.1% (789/1969), 14.3% (281/1969), 27.8% (547/1969) and 17.9% (352/1969), respectively. One- to 4-year follow-ups found that the changes were not significant and that the percentages of patients with disease exacerbation were 85.7% (1688/1969) and 9.8% (192/1969). The percentages of patients who developed low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia and high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia were 2.8% (55/1969) and 1.1% (21/1969), respectively; 0.7% (13/1969) of patients developed intramucosal cancer. Conclusion: Gastric mucosal atrophic lesions and histopathological staging are based on the morphological characteristics of gastric mucosal atrophy and the hypothesis of malignant transformation of cells during the occurrence and development of mucosal atrophy. Mastering pathological staging is beneficial to clinicians for enacting precise treatment and is important for reducing the incidence of gastric cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For distributed storage based on data replication, an optimal data placement is vital to minimize the variance of the number of available files. Well-balanced triple systems and nearly well-balanced triple systems (NWBTSs) were proposed to produce optimal data placements for triple replication. This article concentrates on the existence of NWBTSs. By constructing candelabra systems with various desirable partitions, many new constructions for NWBTSs are developed. The main result of this paper is that there always exist optimal data placements for triple replication on a v-set for all positive integers v possibly except when v ≡ 4 (mod 24) or v = 50 , 74 . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Public art (PA) is a powerful tool for enhancing the environment in public spaces since it not only relieves the oppression caused by urban architecture but also enhances and beautifies urban public spaces. As DT (digital technology) develops so quickly nowadays, it offers PA significant technological assistance to achieve new functions, and changes in modern people's aesthetic preferences and psychological makeup also present new demands for PA. This essay explores the use of PA design in the creation of urban landscapes from the viewpoint of DT. In order to do this, this paper suggests a method for measuring the environmental impact of urban landscapes that combines landscape measurement and semantic assessment. Full-connection algorithm and greedy algorithm are introduced to identify urban functional types with high-dimensional characteristics for the boundary tree classification model of high-dimensional feature classification. The findings indicate that the public service area's producer and user accuracy are, respectively, 0.8783 and 0.7833. It offers a fresh concept for the identification of urban functional zones while solving the issues of low identification efficiency and poor accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tang and Ding [IEEE IT 67 (2021) 244-254] studied the class of BCH codes $\mathcal {C}_{(q,q+1,4,1)}$ and their dual codes with $q=2^{m}$ and established that the codewords of the minimum (or the second minimum) weight in these codes support 4-designs or 3-designs. Motivated by this, we further investigate the codewords of the next adjacent weight in such codes and discover more infinite classes of $t$ -designs with $t=3,4$. In particular, we prove that codewords of weight 7 in $\mathcal {C}_{(q,q+1,4,1)}$ support 4-designs for odd $m \geqslant 5$ and they support 3-designs for even $m \geqslant 4$ , which provide infinite classes of simple $t$ -designs with new parameters. Another significant class of $t$ -designs we produce in this paper has complementary designs with parameters 4- $(2^{2s+1}+ 1,5,5)$ ; these designs have the smallest index among all the known simple 4- $(q+1,5,\lambda)$ designs derived from codes for prime powers $q$ ; and they are further proved to be isomorphic to the 4-designs admitting the projective general linear group PGL $(2,2^{2s+1})$ as the automorphism group constructed by Alltop in 1969. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Studying the changes in the landscape pattern of coastal cities and analyzing their land use conditions are conducive to understanding the internal structure of the city and in-depth analysis of the law of urban development, so as to propose governance measures and improvement methods in the aspects of economy, people's livelihood, and environment. Based on geographic information system and machine learning technology, this paper analyzes the internal mechanism, temporal and spatial characteristics and change laws of the intensive use of sea areas. The selection of research scale is in the exploratory stage, which is based on the research scale of land intensive use. Moreover, this paper combines landscape ecology to construct a coastal city landscape image simulation system and uses remote sensing technology to analyze the system model. Finally, this paper analyzes the performance of the coastal city landscape image simulation system constructed in this paper through experimental analysis. From the research results, the system constructed in this paper basically meets the needs of coastal city landscape image simulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A set system (V,F) with uniform block size k is t‐balanced if any t‐subset of V is contained in λ or λ+1 blocks of F for some nonnegative integer λ. (V,F) is well‐balanced if it is t‐balanced for any positive integer t≤k. In this paper, we establish the necessary conditions for the existence of a t‐balanced set system, which is closely related with packing numbers Dλ(v,k,t) and covering numbers Cλ(v,k,t). Then we concentrate on well‐balanced quadruple systems (with block size k=4). For t=2,3, define the well‐balanced packing number WD(v,4,t) to be the maximum number of blocks in any well‐balanced t‐(v,4,1) packing. Similarly, the well‐balanced covering number WC(v,4,t) denotes the minimum number of blocks in any well‐balanced t‐(v,4,1) covering. The exact values of WD(v,4,2) and WC(v,4,2) are completely determined in this paper and the determinations of WD(v,4,3) and WC(v,4,3) are reduced to WC(v,4,3) where v≡6,7(mod12). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Serum FGF23 levels increased with gestational age in normal pregnant women. • Preeclampsia group had lower FGF23 levels than control group in the third trimester. • FGF23 promoted cell migration, invasion and tube formation abilities in vitro. • FGF23 stimulated placental VEGF-A expression via ERK1/2-EGR-1 pathway. • This study provides a potential mechanism involved in progression of preeclampsia. This study aimed to investigate the expression of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) in pregnant women with preeclampsia and elucidate its role in promoting placental angiogenesis through the ERK1/2-EGR-1 signaling pathway. Serum FGF23 levels were measured by ELISA in healthy pregnant women and patients with preeclampsia during the first, second, and third trimesters of pregnancy. Wound healing, Transwell, and tube formation assays were performed to investigate the effects of FGF23 on cell migration, invasion and tube formation. The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) and its upstream signaling molecules, p-ERK, and EGR-1, in placental tissues was detected by RT-qPCR and western blotting. Additionally, the effect of FGF23 on VEGF-A, p-ERK, and EGR-1 expression was further explored in vitro. Serum FGF23 levels increased with gestational age. During the third trimester, the control group exhibited a more pronounced increase in FGF23 levels than the preeclampsia group. Administering exogenous FGF23 promoted trophoblast cell migration, invasion and enhanced tube formation in vascular endothelial cells. The expression levels of VEGF-A, p-ERK, and EGR-1 in the placental tissues were significantly lower in the preeclampsia group than in the control group. In vitro experiments confirmed that FGF23 up-regulated VEGF-A expression through the p-ERK/EGR-1 signaling pathway. The serum level of FGF23 decreased in pregnant women with preeclampsia, inhibiting the ERK1/2-EGR-1 pathway and resulting in decreased expression of VEGF-A, thereby inhibiting placental angiogenesis. This could be a potential mechanism involved in the progression of preeclampsia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we investigate combinatorial constructions for w‐cyclic holey group divisible packings with block size three (3‐HGDPs). For any positive integers u,v,w with u≡0,1 (mod3), the exact number of base blocks of a maximum w‐cyclic 3‐HGDP of type (u,wv) is determined. This result is used to determine the exact number of codewords in a maximum three‐dimensional (u×v×w,3,1) optical orthogonal code with at most one optical pulse per spatial plane and per wavelength plane. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High activity is an important manifestation of the stable development of urban social economy. Quantitative research on urban development based on the geographical label perception of urban vitality is a new technical means and way to study urban vitality. In this paper, points of interest and Weibo check-in geographic markers are used to analyze urban vitality indicators and urban vitality distribution patterns. Through the application of different indexes, the ordinary linear regression and spatial autoregressive models between urban vitality and built environment are established to explore the factors that affect urban vitality. Results of the research show that interest points and social media check-in data can better indicate urban vitality. The urban vitality of the Macao Special Administrative Region is mainly affected by the density of land use, buildings, and public transportation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Taking the living space of the Historic Centre of Macao as an example, by field measurement of the midweek and weekend data of people and traffic flow in major blocks with remote sensors technology, this paper comprehensively analyzes the association and impact of multi-level spatial networks on the urban vitality of historic blocks, evaluate and verify the close correlation and goodness of fit between the analysis of spatial syntax and the field test data. This paper selects three levels: metropolitan level, block level and neighborhood level, and uses information sensors to conduct correlation analysis on the number of standardized stores and spatial syntactic parameters for the living space in the Historic Centre of Macao, verifying the role and effect of integration and through a degree in analyzing multi-level spatial time and space. In the subsequent development of the Historic Centre, the service sector with a small radius should be protected and renewed, and the guidelines and orientation for street renewal and revitalization should also be enhanced with the help of information actuators. • The paper analyzes the association and impact of multi-level spatial networks on city. • Analyze standardized stores and spatial syntactic parameters of living space of Macao. • Guidelines and orientation for street renewal and revitalization should be enhanced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research on orthogonal Steiner systems S (t , k , v) was initiated in 1968. For (t , k) ∈ { (2 , 3) , (3 , 4) } , this corresponds to orthogonal Steiner triple systems (STSs) and Steiner quadruple systems (SQSs), respectively. The existence problem of a pair of orthogonal STSs or SQSs was settled completely thirty years ago. However, for Steiner systems with t ≥ 3 and k ≥ 5 , only two small examples of orthogonal pairs were known to exist before this work. An infinite family of orthogonal Steiner systems S (3 , 5 , v) is constructed in this paper. In particular, the existence of a pair of orthogonal Steiner systems S (3 , 5 , 4 m + 1) is established for any even m ≥ 2 ; additionally a pair of orthogonal G-designs G ( 4 m + 1 5 , 5 , 5 , 3) is displayed for any odd m ≥ 3. The construction is based on the Steiner systems admitting 3-transitive automorphism groups supported by elementary symmetric polynomials. Moreover, 50 mutually orthogonal Steiner systems S (5 , 8 , 24) are shown to exist. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An oriented tetrahedron defined on four vertices is a set of four cyclic triples with the property that any ordered pair of vertices is contained in exactly one of the cyclic triples. A tetrahedral quadruple system of order n with index λ, denoted by TQSλ(n), is a pair (X,ℬ), where X is an n‐set and ℬ is a set of oriented tetrahedra (blocks) such that every cyclic triple on X is contained in exactly λ members of ℬ. A TQSλ(n) is pure if there do not exist two blocks with the same vertex set. When λ=1, the spectrum of a pure TQS(n) has been completely determined by Ji. In this paper, we show that there exists a pure TQS2(n) if and only if n≡1,2(mod 3) and n≥7. A corollary is that a simple QS4(n) also exists if and only if n≡1,2(mod 3) and n≥7. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Let D(n) be the number of pairwise disjoint Steiner quadruple systems (SQS) of order n. A simple counting argument shows that D(n)≤n−3 and a set of n−3 such systems is called a large set. No nontrivial large set was constructed yet, although it is known that they exist if n≡2 or 4(mod6) is large enough. When n≥7 and n≡1 or 5(mod6), we present a recursive construction and prove a recursive formula on D(4n), as follows: D(4n)≥2n+min{D(2n),2n−7}. The related construction has a few advantages over some of the previously known constructions for pairwise disjoint SQSs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Experimental investigations and density functional theory (DFT) calculations were carried out to study the comprehensive effect of different 3,5-heptanedioldibenzoate (HDDB) optical isomers as the internal electron donor on the catalytic performance of Ziegler−Natta catalysts. The experimental catalytic activity of HDDB has a positive correlation with the relative content of the mesomer incorporated during catalyst preparation, while the hydrogen response of HDDB displayed a negative correlation with the relative content of the mesomer. In order to apply the DFT calculation results to the macroscopic activity of the catalyst, the content of the active centers of the catalyst was analyzed. Assuming that the content of the active centers is proportional to the internal electron donor content of the catalyst, binary linear regression was carried out, which showed a good linear correlation between experimental activity data and internal electron donor content. Furthermore, the fitted activity of the single active centers aligned well with the calculated activation energies. These results revealed that the catalytic activity of polypropylene (PP) catalysts is dependent on both the active center content and the catalytic activity of an individual active center. Additionally, the lower hydrogen response of HDDB leads to a higher molecular weight of polypropylene obtained from the RS-containing catalyst compared to the SS-containing catalyst. Further study reveals that the hydrogen transfer reactions of 2,4-pentanediol dibenzoate (PDDB)/HDDB are influenced by the orientation of the methyl/ethyl groups in different isomers, which affect the activation energy differences between the hydrogen transfer reaction and the propylene insertion reaction, and finally influence the molecular weight of PP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Let V be an n -dimensional vector space over the finite field F q , and let L (V) = ⋃ 0 ≤ k ≤ n [ V k ] be the set of all subspaces of V. A family of subspaces F ⊆ L (V) is s -union if dim (F + F ′) ≤ s holds for all F , F ′ ∈ F. A family F ⊆ L (V) is an antichain if F ≰ F ′ holds for any two distinct F , F ′ ∈ F. An s -union family (resp. s -union antichain) with the largest possible size is called optimal. The optimal s -union families in L (V) have been determined by Frankl and Tokushige in 2013. An upper bound on cardinalities of s -union (s < n) antichains in L (V) has been established by Frankl recently, while the structures of optimal ones have not been displayed. The largest s -union families (resp. s -union antichains) that are not contained in any optimal one are called suboptimal. The present paper determines all suboptimal s -union families for vector spaces and then investigates s -union antichains. For s = n or s = 2 d < n , we determine all optimal and suboptimal s -union antichains completely. For s = 2 d + 1 < n , we prove that an optimal antichain is either [ V d ] or contained in [ V d ] ∪ [ V d + 1 ] and satisfies an equation related to shadows. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract The combinatorial object named t -spontaneous emission error design (t -SEED) was proposed by Beth et al. in 2003 in order to correct errors caused by quantum jumps. The newly rising category of t -SEEDs has been studied extensively in recent years. Especially, the maximal possible dimensions for 2-SEEDs with block size 3 were determined completely; lower bounds on 2-SEEDs were established by applying affine groups. In this paper we utilize the action of twisted affine groups on finite fields and obtain new lower bounds on the dimensions of 2- (q 2 , k ; m) SEEDs, some of which outperform the known ones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract The combinatorial object named t -spontaneous emission error design (t -SEED) was proposed by Beth et al. in 2003 to correct errors caused by quantum jumps. The newly rising category of t -SEEDs contains the classical problem of large sets as a subbranch at the extremal optimal situation. In this article we study carefully the necessary conditions for the existence of a 3- (v , 4 ; m) SEED where v ≡ 5 (mod 6), v ≥ 23 and m = v − 7 (the largest possible dimension). By considering the derived designs we determine all possible degeneracy graphs to twenty types (including the empty graph). Then we define triad graphs to investigate these degeneracy graphs. Finally we rule out eighteen of them and reduce the leave of the putative optimal 3-SEED to three concrete types. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A t-spontaneous emission error design, denoted by t- [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines Chinese consumers’ acceptance and price willingness to pay for organic fluid milk. We used questionnaire data gathered in 2014 to analyze the impact of price and milk knowledge, as well as consumer age, gender, education and income on organic milk choice. The results indicate that: 1) young females with a strong educational background have shown the strongest consumption desire for organic milk; 2) those who shop for the family tend to support organic milk and are willing to pay more for the milk; 3) shoppers with more disposable income are willing to pay a premium price for organic milk. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Quantum jump codes are quantum error-correcting codes which correct errors caused by quantum jumps. A t-spontaneous emission error design ( t-SEED) was introduced by Beth et al. in 2003 [T. Beth, C. Charnes, M. Grassl, G. Alber, A. Delgado, and M. Mussinger, A new class of designs which protect against quantum jumps, Des Codes Cryptogr 29 (2003), 51-70.] to construct quantum jump codes. The number of designs (dimension) in a t-SEED corresponds to the number of orthogonal basis states in a quantum jump code. A nondegenerate t-SEED is optimal if it has the largest possible dimension. In this paper, we investigate the bounds on the dimensions of 2-SEEDs systematically. The exact dimensions of optimal 2- [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Quantum jump codes are quantum codes that correct errors caused by quantum jumps. A spontaneous emission error design (SEED) was introduced by Beth et al. in 2003 to construct quantum jump codes. In this paper, we study the existence of 3-SEEDs from PSL(2, q) or PGL(2, q). By doing this, a large number of 3- [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nickel oxide (NiO) has great application prospects as a counter electrode in electrochromic devices, such as smart windows and displays. However, the cycle stability and electrochromic properties of pure NiO films are rather poor in lithium ion based non-aqueous electrolyte. To improve these properties, Li–Ti co-doped NiO films were prepared by sol–gel spin coating technique. Compared with undoped NiO films, Li and Ti doping deteriorate the symmetry of NiO cubic phase, increase lattice disorder and change the valence state of nickel in the films. The investigations of NiO-based films in LiClO 4 /PC electrolyte reveal enhancement of electrochromic properties and cycle stability with Li–Ti co-doping. Finally, electrochromic devices assembled with poly(3,4-(2,2-dimethylpropylenedioxy)thiophene) and Li–Ti–NiO films exhibit rapid color change within 1 s, excellent optical variation for about 56% at 580 nm and high stability up to 1,000,000 cycles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vanadium pentoxide (V 2 O 5 ) is a promising material for constructing electrochromic devices, due to its outstanding properties of lithium ion intercalation/deintercalation. However, its poor cyclic stability limits practical applications. We report here that V 2 O 5 films gain significantly improved cyclic stability by doping with titanium (Ti) and perform well in WO 3 -based electrochromic devices. V 2 O 5 films were fabricated by spin coating with a vanadium triisopropoxy oxide solution followed by heat treatment. X-ray diffraction studies reveal that introducing the Ti element reduces the crystallinity of a V 2 O 5 film and distorts its layer structure. The cyclic stability of the V 2 O 5 films increases as the doped Ti content increases. The electrochromic device assembled with an optimized V 2 O 5 electrode (V:Ti = 2:1) has lasted 200,000 cyclic switching times between the lowest (2%) and highest (62%) transmittance with no significant degradation of performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Sylvester’s problem, i.e., the problem of the existence of large sets of Kirkman triple systems (LKTSs), is one of the most challenging problems in combinatorial design theory. Most recursive constructions for LKTSs impose resolvable restrictions on the ingredient designs, making the recursions difficult to apply. In this note we provide necessary small designs by using spherical geometries and a direct construction. Finally, we prove the existence of LKTS for all positive integers . A new result on overlarge sets of Kirkman triple systems is also produced. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: An LRMTS is a large set consisting of pairwise disjoint resolvable Mendelsohn triple systems defined over the same -element set. In this paper a new product construction for LRMTS is displayed by using generalized LR-designs. As well, several new existence families of LRMTS are constructed via 3-wise balanced designs. Finally the existence result of LRMTS is expanded by combining all the known constructions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Motivated by the application to three-dimensional optical orthogonal codes, we consider the construction for a w -cyclic holey group divisible packing of type (u , w v) with block size three (3-HGDP for short). A maximum w -cyclic 3-HGDP of type (u , w v) contains the largest possible number of base blocks. When u ≡ 0 , 1 (mod 3) , the exact size of maximum w -cyclic 3-HGDP of type (u , w v) has been determined in our previous work. Based on recursive constructions, in this paper we establish a framework to construct maximum w -cyclic 3-HGDPs of type (u , w v) where u ≡ 2 (mod 3). In the process, direct constructions on several key auxiliary designs are displayed by choosing appropriate automorphism groups. Eventually, the sizes of maximum w -cyclic 3-HGDPs of type (u , w v) are determined for all positive integers u , v and w , only leaving a small fraction of possible exceptions unresolved. Furthermore, application of our results to three-dimensional optical orthogonal codes is presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Impulse radio sequences (IRSs) were introduced by Chu and Colbourn to study sequence or signal design for ultrawideband radio with unmodulated time-hopping. The central researches on IRSs lie in the determination of the value , i.e., the largest possible number of sequences in an -IRS. When , Chang and Wang have determined the value of . As far as the authors know, there has been no study on the case of . So we in this paper focus on this case with . We will determine the exact value of for any positive integers and . We also calculate the exact value of for and . [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

This paper concentrates on mutually disjoint 2-chromatic Steiner quadruple systems of order v (briefly by SQS(v)s), meaning that the SQS(v)s are mutually disjoint and they are mutually 2-chromatic having the same two color classes. Following Phelps and Rosa's work, we study maximum sets of mutually disjoint 2-chromatic SQS(v)s by applying direct constructions for suitable collections of triple representatives of V q by utilizing automorphism groups of affine transformations in the finite fields F q for prime powers q. Our main result presents many new maximum sets of mutually disjoint 2-chromatic SQS(v)s. We also improve the lower bounds on the number of mutually disjoint SQS(v)s as a by-product. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The problem of the existence of large sets of Kirkman triple systems (LKTS) is one of the most celebrated open problems in design theory. Only a few sparsely distributed infinite classes have been determined, although LKTS have been investigated by many authors. The purpose of this paper is to survey constructions and results on LKTS and related designs. A systematic account of this work is provided. Most of the known constructions are unified and generalized; the approaches to LKTS are enriched; a couple of new constructions for related designs are also displayed. In particular, a new existence class of LKTS is demonstrated and some new results of overlarge sets of Kirkman triple systems are also produced. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: An () over a -set is a collection of pairwise disjoint resolvable (almost resolvable) Mendelsohn triple systems of order . In this paper several direct construction methods for OLRMTSs and OLARMTSs are presented and then applied to produce some new orders; the smallest unknown for , the smallest unknown for , and some other small designs are displayed; a few new existence families are also obtained by known recursive constructions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

An idempotent Latin square of order v is called resolvable and denoted by RILS( v) if the [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: An idempotent Latin square of order is called resolvable and denoted by RILS if the off-diagonal cells can be resolved into disjoint transversals. A large set of resolvable idempotent Latin squares of order , briefly LRILS, is a collection of RILSs pairwise agreeing on only the main diagonal. In this paper we display some recursive and direct constructions for LRILSs. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The concept of good large set of Steiner triple systems (or GLS in short) was introduced by Lu in his paper “on large sets of disjoint Steiner triple systems”, [J. Lu, On large sets of disjoint Steiner triple systems, I–III, J. Combin. Theory (A) 34 (1983) 140-182]. In this paper a doubling construction for GLSs is displayed and some existence results are obtained. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: An is a collection of disjoint pure Mendelsohn triple systems on the same set of elements. In this paper, the concept of t-purely partitionable Mendelsohn candelabra system (or t-PPMCS in short) is introduced for constructing . A powerful recursive construction for t-PPMCSs is also displayed by utilizing s-fan designs. Together with direct constructions, the existence of an for and is established. For odd integer , a special construction from both and to is set up. Finally, the existence of an is completely determined to be the set . [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

A Mendelsohn triple system MTS (v , b) is a collection of b cyclic triples (blocks) on a set of v points. It is j -balanced for j = 1 , 2 , 3 when any two points, ordered pairs, or cyclic triples (resp.) are contained in the same or almost the same number of blocks (difference at most one). A (2 , 3) -balanced Mendelsohn triple system is an MTS (v , b) that is both 2-balanced and 3-balanced. Employing large sets of Mendelsohn triple systems and partitionable Mendelsohn candelabra systems, we completely determine the spectrum for which a 2-balanced Mendelsohn triple system exists. Meanwhile, we determine the existence spectrum for a (2 , 3) -balanced Mendelsohn triple system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An r‐golf design of order v, briefly by r‐G(v), is a large set of idempotent Latin squares of order v (ILS(v)s) which contains r symmetric ILS(v)s and v−r−22 transposed pairs of ILS(v)s. In this paper, we mainly consider the existence problem of r‐G(v)s. We present several recursive constructions and also display some direct constructions. As an application, several infinite classes of r‐G(v)s are determined, including the existence of 0‐G(v)s for more than half of admissible parameters and the existence of r‐G(v)s where v≡11(mod24) and r is any admissible integer (r odd and 1≤r≤v−2). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the study was to compare the clinical efficacy and safety of ticagrelor and clopidogrel in patients with coronary heart disease one year after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), and to explore their association with the CYP2C19 gene polymorphism. A total of 971 patients with coronary heart disease who were hospitalized and underwent PCI from April 2016 to May 2017 were studied. All 971 patients were divided into three subgroups according to CYP2C19 gene types as fast metabolizing, slow metabolizing and very slow metabolizing type. Patients were also classified according to the oral antiplatelet aggregation drugs they received: clopidogrel group and ticagrelor group. The incidence of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) and bleeding events in the clopidogrel-treated and ticagrelor-treated groups and in patients with fast, slow, and very slow CYP2C19 metabolisms were compared. Binary logistic regression analysis was carried out to analyze the risk factors associated with MACEs and hemorrhagic events. Patients on ticagrelor had a greater number of bleeding complications compared to those on clopidogrel (P<0.001), with no difference in MACE between the two groups (P=0.399). The incidence of MACE was significantly higher in very slow metabolizing patients receiving clopidogrel (P<0.001) while the incidence of bleeding complications was significantly higher in fast metabolizing patients receiving ticagrelor (P<0.001). The regression analysis revealed that the CYP2C19 gene mutation, a dual-antiplatelet therapy, and a stroke history were all significantly associated with MACE. By contrast, a dual-antiplatelet therapy and a stroke history were significantly associated with bleeding events. Findings of the present study indicated that clopidogrel and ticagrelor were equally efficacious post-PCI. Efficacy of clopidogrel was reduced in patients with very slow CYP2C19 genotype while bleeding complications were higher in patients with fast CYP2C19 genotype receiving ticagrelor. CYP2C19 genotyping may be used to provide guidance to optimize individual antiplatelet treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hollow polyethylene spheres were achieved from solution-based ɑ-diimine nickel catalyst system with morphological controllable one-step synthesis. • Homogenous ɑ- diimine nickel complexes often produce bulk viscous polyethylene. • Spherical hollow polyethylene produced by coordination dispersion polymerization. • Tri-nuclear nickel complex show high activity for ethylene polymerization. In this paper, ɑ-diimine nickel catalyst without immobilization was successfully used for one-step synthesis of spherical hollow polyethylene particles at mild condition (1.0 MPa, 25 °C) by conducting coordination dispersion polymerization. It was found 2-methyl-2-pentanol (MP) played a key role in the formation of the unusual hollow particular morphology. By varying the addition amount of MP, changing the bulky groups of alkyl aluminum, and adjusting the concentration of nickel catalyst, the particle size was finely tuned. A plausible mechanism was proposed to interpret the formation of these polyethylene hollow particles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we mainly consider the existence problem of a group divisible design GDD(3,4,n+s) of type 1ns1. We present two recursive constructions for this configuration using candelabra systems and construct explicitly a few small examples admitting given automorphism groups. As an application, several new infinite classes of GDD(3,4,n+s)s of type 1ns1 are produced. Meanwhile a few new infinite families on candelabra quadruple systems with group sizes being odd and stem size greater than one are also obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The concept of a partial geometric difference set (or 1 1 2 -difference set) was introduced by Olmez in 2014. Recently, Nowak, Olmez and Song introduced the notion of a partial geometric difference family, which generalizes both the classical difference family and the partial geometric difference set. It was shown that partial geometric difference sets and partial difference families give rise to partial geometric designs. In this paper, a number of new infinite families of partial geometric difference sets and partial geometric difference families are constructed. From these partial geometric difference sets and difference families, we generate a list of infinite families of partial geometric designs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Let X be a ( 2 n + 4 )‐set and G be a partition of X into n groups of size 2 and one group G0 of size 4. A large‐set‐plus denoted by LS + ( 2 n 4 1 ) is a partition of all G‐transverse triples of X into 2 ( n − 1 ) block sets of 3‐GDD(2n41)s with group set G, and two block sets of 3‐GDD(2n)s with group set G ∖ { G 0 }. In this paper, we study the existence problem of LS + ( 2 n 4 1 )s and give a nearly complete solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This Mendelian randomization (MR) study aimed to investigate the relationships between type 1 diabetes (T1D), type 2 diabetes (T2D), and glycemic traits, including fasting insulin, fasting glucose, and HbA1c, with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). We selected genetic instruments for predisposition to T1D, T2D, fasting insulin, fasting glucose, and HbA1c based on published genome-wide association studies. Using a 2-Sample MR approach, we assessed associations with 12 common CVDs sourced from the FinnGen and UK Biobank studies, along with stroke subtypes obtained from the GIGASTROKE and MEGASTROKE Consortium. T1D was associated with SVS. T2D showed associations with AIS, LAA, CES, SVS, coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction, pulmonary embolism, DVT of lower extremities, peripheral vascular diseases. Genetically predicted higher HbA1c levels were associated with eight CVDs. The results of MVMR aligned with the primary findings for T1D and T2D. T1D and T2D exhibit different genetic predisposition to CVDs. BMI, LDL, and HDL play intermediary roles in connecting TID and T2D to specific types of CVDs, providing insights into the potential underlying pathways and mechanisms involved in these relationships. Strategies aimed at achieving sustained reductions in HbA1c levels may offer potential for reducing the risk of various CVDs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of a -GDD of type have been established by Colbourn et al. In this paper, the existence of a -GDD of type for any is investigated. Finally, its existence spectrum is completely determined. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Induction of autophagy promotes cardiomyocyte survival and confers a cardioprotective effect on acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Our previous study showed that knockdown of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) attenuated myocardial apoptosis in mouse AMI. Herein, this study further investigated whether the mechanisms by which MALAT1 enhanced cardiomyocyte apoptosis involved the autophagy regulation. To address this, cardiomyocytes were isolated from neonatal mice and then stimulated with hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury to mimic AMI. The cell apoptosis was evaluated using TUNEL staining and Western blot analysis of apoptosis-related proteins. The autophagy level was assessed using GFP-LC3 immunofluorescence and Western blot analysis of autophagy-related proteins. The results showed that H/R injury increased MALAT1 expression. Furthermore, MALAT1 overexpression significantly enhanced apoptosis and regulated autophagy of cardiomyocytes, whereas MALAT1 knockdown exerted the opposite effect. Moreover, rapamycin (an autophagy activator) effectively attenuated the MALAT1-mediated enhancement of cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Overall, our findings demonstrated that the increased MALAT1 expression induced by H/R injury enhances cardiomyocyte apoptosis, at least in part, through autophagy modulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. The role of protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2) in the analgesic effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on visceral hypersensitivity (VH) in postinfectious irritable bowel syndrome (PI-IBS) has yet to be elucidated. Aim. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying the analgesic effect of EA in a rat model of PI-IBS. Methods. Visceral hypersensitivity was evaluated by the abdominal withdrawal reflex test before and after administration of the PAR2 agonist, PAR2-AP, and/or EA. The protein expression and mRNA levels of PAR2, CGRP, SP, and TPSP in colon tissues were measured by immunofluorescence, western blot, and RT-PCR. Results. We found that EA could alleviate VH and significantly decrease protein and mRNA levels of PAR2, TPSP, CGRP, and SP in PI-IBS rats. The analgesic effect of EA on VH was slightly reduced in the presence of PAR2-AP. Conclusions. These results suggest that EA alleviates VH symptoms through downregulation of the levels of the TPSP/PAR2/SP/CGRP signaling axis in colon tissues in PI-IBS rats. Together, our data suggests that PAR2 plays a critical role in the analgesic effect of EA on VH in PI-IBS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]