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Herein, the tribological behavior of 316L stainless steel (SS) fabricated using metal extrusion additive manufacturing (MEAM) is investigated both under dry and simulated body fluid (SBF)‐lubricated conditions. The results and mechanisms are compared with those of 316L SS fabricated via selective laser melting (SLM) and hot rolling (HR). Under dry‐friction conditions, the 316L SS fabricated via MEAM shows inferior tribological performance compared with those fabricated via SLM and HR, primarily because of its lower initial hardness and better plasticity, which increase both abrasive and adhesive wear. Under SBF‐lubricated conditions, the tribological performance of the 316L SS fabricated via MEAM is comparable to that fabricated via HR and superior to that fabricated via SLM. The wear rate of the MEAM‐fabricated 316L SS is 16.8% and 3.2% lower than SLM‐ and HR‐fabricated, respectively. The numerous pores on 316L SS serve as traps for wear particles, which contribute to the reduction of three‐body wear. In terms of wear under SBF‐lubricated conditions, MEAM technology appears to be a promising method for the fabrication of customized 316L orthopedic implants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The application of superamphiphobic coatings improves the surface's ability to repel fluids, thereby greatly enhancing its various functions, including anti-fouling, anti-corrosion, anti-icing, anti-bacterial, and self-cleaning properties. This maximizes the material's potential for industrial applications. This work utilized the agglomeration phenomenon exhibited by nano-spherical titanium dioxide (TiO2) particles to fabricate 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane (PFDTES) modified TiO2 (TiO2@fluoroPOS) fillers with low surface energy. This was achieved through the in-situ formation of protective armor on the surface of the agglomerates using the sol-gel method and fluorination modification. Polyvinylidene fluoride-tetrafluoropropylene (PVDF-HFP) and TiO2@fluoroPOS fillers were combined using a spraying technique to prepare P/TiO2@fluoroPOS coatings with superamphiphobicity. Relying on the abundance of papillae, micropores, and other tiny spaces on the surface, the coating can capture a stable air film and reject a variety of liquids. When the coatings were immersed in solutions of 2 mol/L HCl, NaCl, and NaOH for a duration of 12 h, they retained their exceptional superamphiphobic properties. Owing to the combined influence of the armor structure and the organic binder, the coating exhibited good liquid repellency during water jetting and sandpaper abrasion tests. Furthermore, the coating has shown exceptional efficacy in terms of its ability to be anti-icing, anti-waxing, and self-cleaning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coal dust particles adhering to a camera lens reduce its light transmittance, which deteriorates the performance of the camera and may lead to serious problems with mining equipment that requires visual ability. Aiming at improving coal dust removal and cleaning technologies, the adhesion behavior of coal dust with fused silica is studied here. Experiments were conducted from microscopic and statistical points of view. The adhesion force between a single coal dust particle and fused silica is tested using atomic force microscopy (AFM), and the number and size distribution of large amounts of coal dust particles on fused silica are tested using a home-made adhesion experimental platform and image processing method. The results show that the adhesion force increases at high relative humidity (RH); it is dominated by van der Waals forces at low RH and capillary forces at high RH. The fused silica glass surface is predominantly covered by small-sized coal dust particles, and the total number of particles as well as the proportion of large-sized particles increases with RH. The theoretical values of van der Waals and capillary forces are significantly larger than the experimental values, owing to the irregular shape and roughness of the surface of the coal dust. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lilium brownii var. viridulum (BB) and L. davidii var. unicolor (AdAd) are grown for edible in China, but their breeding lags far more than other ornamental lily breeding. To improve the situation, F1 BA hybrids were used as seed parents to cross with AdAd and other diploid Asiatic lilies (AA). The results showed that the F1 BA hybrids could produce BC1 progenies. The average seedlings obtained from the combinations per fruit were very variable from 1.7 to 22.5, indicating that their compatibilities were different depending on their males. Among the 18 progenies with genomic in situ hybridization (GISH), ten of them were diploid (2n = 2x = 24), two are aneuploid-near diploid (2n = 2x ± 1), and other six were allotriploid (2n = 3x = 36); and all of them contain much more recombinant chromosomes and breakpoints than other distant lily hybrids. We concluded that F1 LA hybrids produced much more n functional egg cells than 2n functional egg cells and this would pay a new way to realize lily ingression breeding at diploid ploidy level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]