Search

Objective To observe the clinical value of early application of tirofiban in patients with non-macrovascular occlusive ischemic stroke beyond time window. Methods Clinical data of 90 patients with non - macrovascular occlusive ischemic stroke treated beyond time window from April 2017 to April 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. According to different treatment, they were divided into 2 groups, one group given tirofiban combined with double antibody treatment (treatment group, 50 cases) and another group given double antibody treatment only (control group, 40 cases). National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) was used to evaluate the neurological status of patients on the 1st, 3rd and 7th day of treatment. On the day of admission and 3 months after treatment, modified Rankin Scale (mRS) and Activities of Daily Living Scale (ADL) were used to evaluate the neurological recovery and activities of daily living. The occurrence of bleeding and severe thrombocytopenia (platelet count < 100 x 109/L) during the treatment was also recorded in 2 groups. Results Differences in NIHSS scores between 2 groups at different time points after treatment were statistically significant (P = 0.000). On the 7th day of treatment in the control group, the NIHSS scores were lower than those on the 1st day (P = 0.000) and on the 3rd day (P = 0.000), which suggested that the degree of neurological deficits had improved. The NIHSS scores on the 1st, 3rd and 7th day after treatment showed a gradual downward trend (P = 0.000, for all), and was significantly lower than the control group (P = 0.000). After 3 months of treatment in 2 groups, the mRS score was lower than that before treatment (P = 0.000), while the ADL score was higher than that before treatment (P = 0.000). The mRS score in the treatment group was lower than control group (P = 0.000), and the ADL score was higher than control group (P = 0.003). There was no significant difference in the incidence of bleeding and severe thrombocytopenia between the treatment group and the control group [26% (13/50) vs. 35% (14/40); χ² = 0.483, P = 0.439]. Conclusions The early application of tirofiban in patients with non-macrovascular occlusive ischemic stroke beyond time window can significantly improve the patient's neurological function, improve the quality of life and activities of daily living. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, with the significant increase in urban development, it has become necessary to optimize the current air monitoring stations to reflect the quality of air in the environment. Highlighting the spatial representation of some air monitoring stations using Beijing's regional air monitoring station data from 2012 to 2014, the monthly mean particulate matter concentration (PM10) in the region was calculated and through the IDW interpolation method and spatial grid statistical method using GIS, the spatial distribution of PM10 concentration in the whole region was deduced. The spatial distribution variation of districts in Beijing using the gridding model was performed, and through the 3-year spatial analysis, PM10 concentration data including the variation and spatial overlay (1.5 km × 1.5 km cell resolution grid), the spatial distribution result obtained showed that the total PM10 concentration frequency variation exceeded the standard. It is very important to optimize the layout of the existing air monitoring stations by combining the concentration distribution of air pollutants with the spatial region using GIS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the toxicity effects on circulatory system and respiratory system, and the acute toxicity test of recombinant neorudin (EPR-hirudin, EH) in cynomolgus monkeys were evaluated to provide reference information for clinical studies. Eighteen cynomolgus monkeys were randomly divided into three groups for single intravenous administration of 3, 30 mg/kg EH and normal saline, respectively. The changes of respiratory frequency, respiratory intensity, blood pressure and electrocardiogram before and after administration were recorded. In acute toxicity test, six cynomolgus monkeys were intravenously received EH at a single dose of 171, 257, 385, 578, 867 and 1300 mg/kg respectively. The vital signs, hematology, serum biochemistry, coagulation indexes and electrocardiogram indexes of the animals were determined before administration and on the 7th and 14th day after administration. As the results showed that there were no significant abnormal changes in respiratory frequency, respiratory intensity, blood pressure or electrocardiogram in cynomolgus monkeys after receiving EH at 3 mg/kg and 30 mg/kg, and there was no statistical difference between the treated groups and normal saline group. In the acute toxicity test, no significant abnormalities were observed in vital signs, hematology, serum biochemistry, coagulation indexes and electrocardiogram indexes of six cynomolgus monkeys at day 7 and 14 after EH administration. Furthermore, autopsies of all cynomolgus monkeys showed no abnormalities. The results of toxicokinetics showed that AUClast of the drug increased in proportion to the EH dose in the range of 171-578 mg/kg, and increased in over proportion to the EH dose in the range of 578-1300 mg/kg. The variation of Cmax was basically consistent with AUClast. In a sum, A single intravenous injection of 3 and 30 mg/kg of EH did not affect the circulatory system and respiratory system in cynomolgus monkeys and the maximum tolerated dose of EH in cynomolgus monkey is over 1300 mg/kg (equivalent to 619-1300 times of the proposed clinical equivalent dose).