Search

Different types of hailstorm in Midwestern Guizhou Province have been analyzed by combining multi-source detection data such as three-dimensional lightning location data, radar data, sounding data, the results show that: Strong independent convection cells and super cells are more prone to large hail; The ratio of lightning in-cloud(IC) and cloud-to-ground(CG)is a good indicator of the stage of the hailstorm, the hail weather process does show a high positive flash ratio, but the positive flash frequency doesn’t significantly increased before the hail fall compared with the results of other regions; The lightning frequency of every 5 min has a certain regularity on the hail fall, in most processes, it increases before the hail fall, the peak of the total positive flash ratio and the positive CG ratio have a certain early indication, and the total positive flash is more effective. Overall, lightning is more active during hail weather with heavy precipitation; It is found that the charge structure of the cloud is obviously reversed after the hail fall, the positive charge is in the middle or the upper part before the hail fall,but at the bottom after the hail fall. The maximum intensity of radar echo reaches 60dBz, the development height of 45dBz intensity echo reaches −20□ layer, and especially when vertical liquid water content reaches 40kg/m2 has certain indication effect on the occurrence of hail,but not all have obvious echo-specific forms; When the water vapor distribution tends to upper dry and the lower wet, the intrusion of dry and cold air in the middle and upper levels, Large CAPE, obvious vertical wind shear, both are conducive to the production of large hail, especially when vertical liquid water content and echo top height is at a relatively high value, while the vertical liquid water content density is at a relatively low value(but still keep more than 40g/m3), the probability of corresponding large hailstone is higher, the dry intrusion greatly reduced the height of the hail melting layer.

By using time shifting technology and mathematical statistics method, the evolution process of the formation and development of Hail Cloud monomer and thunderstorm cloud monomer on both sides of Dalou mountain in Guizhou Province on April 30th, 2015 was comparing analyzed. The radar echo characteristic quantity commonly used to identify thunderstorm cloud and hailstorm cloud were selected as the physical quantity for time and trend consistency comparative analysis about typical characteristics of two kinds of radar echo belonging to different precipitation properties of Strong convection monomers. The results show that: (1) The strong convective weather process is composed of two thunderstorm clouds and two hail clouds, which have great consistency on duration and strength characteristics; (2)The time consistency analysis shows that, the two monomers’ echo intensity and the vertical liquid water content have a good consistency on fluctuation, and the trend of synchronization jet lag is about 12 mins;(3)The expected value and correlation coefficient of echo intensity and vertical accumulated liquid water content about two monomers are improved significantly by using the technology called time shifting, and the variation trend of time series has better consistency and correlation; (4) From the perspective of geometric characteristics analysis of the two monomers’ vertical sections, the heights corresponding to the area with high echo intensity are consistent of both, and the vertical profile shape of echo intensity is basically consistent. (5) It is concluded that there is a good similarity between the formation and development of multi-monomer convective weather under the same atmospheric environment conditions. This conclusion can be used as the basis for the selection of physical inspection examples of artificial flood control operations.

Using X band dual line polarization radar data, atmospheric electric field data and VLF/LF three-dimensional lightning localization data, the electrical characteristic of a thunderstorm process occurring in the platform of the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau were analyzed in detail, and the precipitation particles in the cloud were inverted based on the fuzzy logic hydrometeor classification(FHC). The results show that: (1) The thunderstorm was tripole charge structure in the development and maturity stage, and there was a certain range of positive charge region at the bottom of thunderstorm cloud. The height of the positive cloud flash was between 1.66˜24.7 km, and the height of the negative cloud flash was between 1.0˜17.12km.The cloud flash mainly occured between the lower positive charge region and the middle negative charge region,.The vertical distribution of the thunderstorm charge structure can be understood by the height distribution of the cloud flash radiation source polarity. (2) In the development and maturity stage of thunderstorm, there were some differences in the number and distribution height of different particles in thunderstorm cloud. The evolution characteristic of graupel particles and ice crystals were consistent with the development and maturity stages of thunderstorm. Combined with atmospheric electric field and lightning location data, the evolution of graupel particle and ice crystal particle was closely related to the electrification of thunderstorm. (3) It can be observed from the vertical distribution characteristic of different particles that the strength of the positive charge region in the lower part of the thunderstorm cloud was most likely determined by the number of graupel particle. The graupel-ice charging mechanism can better interpret the formation of the tripole charge structure of thunderstorm. (4) The cloud flash source information detected by the VLF./LF three-dimensional lightning location system has a certain indication on the general distribution of the thunderstorm cloud charge region. It is necessary to dig deep into the cloud flash information in the future to provide support for the thunderstorm charge structure research

The importance of atmospheric electricity research has been increasingly recognized in recent decades. Research on atmospheric electricity has been actively conducted since the 1980s in China. Lightning physics and its effects, as important branches of atmospheric electricity, have received more attention because of their significance both in scientific research and lightning protection applications. This paper reviews atmospheric electricity research based primarily on ground-based field experiments at different regions in China in the last decade. The results described in this review include physics and effects of lightning, rocket-triggered lightning and its physical processes of discharge, thunderstorm electricity on the Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding areas, lightning activity associated with severe convective storms, the effect and response of lightning to climate change, numerical simulation of thunderstorm electrification and lightning discharge, lightning detection and location techniques, and transient luminous events above thunderstorms.