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In the case of emergency evacuation of large places, the rapid evacuation of pedestrians has always been a matter of great concern. However, research on pre-movement behavior and decision-making fatigue behavior of pedestrians in emergency evacuation situations is limited. In order to study how to improve evacuation efficiency under the introduction of exit-choice system, this paper uses the cellular automata model to simulate different exit arrangements and exit numbers at different time intervals of information update by the system. It is found that there is an optimal time interval of information update when three exits of a room have different widths, and the evacuation time significantly reduces compared to real-time update. The potential mechanism of the optimal time interval of information update is that the evacuees can be reasonably allocated to each exit, so that the passage capacity of each exit can be maximized, and the evacuation time is significantly reduced. Sensitivity analysis shows that the change of exit location has an important influence on the evacuation time. The different pre-movement times of pedestrians have a certain degree of influence on the evacuation time of real-time update. The different distance parameters and flow parameters had a significant impact on the evacuation time in the real-time update case. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When on-ramp bottlenecks are activated, road capacity on the mainline drops sharply. This paper presents a method of adding white solid lines between lanes of the mainline in the on-ramp area to prohibit lane-changing behaviour. The interference of on-ramp vehicles on mainline vehicles can be reduced, to improve traffic efficiency. By 2D-IDM car-following model and MOBIL lane-changing model, the simulation scene of an on-ramp bottleneck is built. In the case of a high inflow rate on the mainline, a solid line between the second and third lanes upstream of the merging area can reduce the travel time. Compared to no solid line, the density of the first and second lanes is lower, the speed is higher, and the frequency of stop-and-go waves decreases. An extra solid line between the first and second lanes cannot further improve traffic efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Synchronization is a collective behavior that occurs spontaneously, describing the coherence of a collection of dynamic units of a system. The competitive and cooperative behavior of the synchronization process as the simplest synergistic behaviors can promote or inhibit each other, which has been widely investigated for its practical significance in recent years. Here, we report that the synchronization phase transition type can be tuned by adjusting the balance between the two oscillator types and the communication radius of the dynamical network in a population dynamical network with uniformly distributed competitive and cooperative oscillators. Agents of both cooperative and competitive oscillators move and interact only with their neighbors in a system. By numerical simulations, we demonstrate a rich process of synchronous transitions, especially that the transition can be regulated between continuous and explosive by adjusting the balance between the two oscillator types under a specific dynamic network. Moreover, the communication radius of the network and the number of oscillators determine both the density of oscillators in the system, thus changing the connectivity and the synchronization characteristics of the network. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Synchronization is a ubiquitous phenomenon in engineering and natural ecosystems. While the dynamics of synchronization modeled by the Kuramoto model are commonly studied in two dimensions and the state of dynamic units is characterized by a scalar angle variable, we studied the Kuramoto model generalized to D dimensions in the framework of a complex network and utilized the local synchronous order parameter between the agent and its neighbors as the controllable variable to adjust the coupling strength. Here, we reported that average connectivity of networks affects the time-dependent, rhythmic, cyclic state. Importantly, we found that the level of heterogeneity of networks governs the rhythmic state in the transition process. The analytical treatment for observed scenarios in a D-dimensional Kuramoto model at D = 3 was provided. These results offered a platform for a better understanding of time-dependent swarming and flocking dynamics in nature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Our previous work investigated the synchronous dynamics of moving phase oscillators in a two-dimensional plane with periodic boundaries. A mobile phase oscillator can only couple to adjacent oscillators located within its communication radius. In our earlier research, we assumed that the agents' movement direction is identical to the oscillators' phase. However, in our current study, we have made a different assumption: the direction of an agent's movement conforms to a power function of the phase of an oscillator. By configuring various power functions, we can restrict the maximum angle at which the agents can navigate, thereby controlling the agent's range of movement. To explore this new assumption, we performed numerical simulations and analyzed both macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of collective dynamics among locally connected oscillators for various power exponents. Our findings revealed a novel phenomenon of cyclic oscillation during the phase transition to synchronization at the macroscopic level. On a microscopic level, initially formed three clusters gradually merge into a single cluster which eventually achieves full synchronization as coupling strength increases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lots of studies on synchronization focus on networks with static topologies, but ignore the synchronization in time-varying networks. We study the synchronization of the system in which agents carrying phase oscillators move in two-dimensional lattice with periodic boundary conditions and only interact with their neighbors. In particular, we assume that the direction of movement of an agent is positively correlated to the phase of the oscillator. By numerical simulations, we find cyclic oscillations in the phase transition to synchronization. Remarkably, the oscillators cluster spatially toward the oscillators with higher natural frequency to form groups. And the groups will collapse from the center, as coupling strength exceeds the critical value. In addition, we investigate the effect of moving speed on synchronization and find that the cyclic oscillation during synchronization will disappear with the increment of moving speed. • The direction of the moving Kuramoto oscillator was correlated with its phase. • The cyclic oscillation of order parameter will emerge for a larger coupling strength. • The oscillators' frequency distribution will affect the formation of the final groups. • The cyclic oscillations will disappear as the speed of movement increases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to better study dynamic traffic, experiment and modeling are two common methods. Through experiments, some interesting phenomena and conclusions can be found. In the experiment of Jiang et al., (2014), the standard deviations of speeds of cars show a concave tendency. The amplitudes of car accelerations become larger along the car platoon. However, the simulation results by the inertia model and 2D-inertia model cannot be consistent with the experimental ones quantitatively. To this end, we put forward an improved 2D-inertial model, in which different mechanisms of acceleration and deceleration are considered. As a result, both the speed standard deviation and acceleration tendency in simulation can match to the experimental ones. Moreover, the fundamental relationship between flow rate, density and speed has been analyzed. There are different traffic dynamics at the high density from homogeneous/mega-jam initial configuration. • Concave tendency of speed standard deviations. • Increasing fluctuation of acceleration. • Different mechanisms of acceleration and deceleration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]