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Objective To study the value of artificial intelligence (AI) systems and Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TI-RADS) in the diagnosis of benign and malignant thyroid tumors. Methods An AI system was developed, and a retrospective analysis was conducted on 500 patients who underwent thyroid surgery at Xuzhou Central Hospital from January 2020 to December 2021. Patient demographics, surgical information, AI grading indicators, TI-RADS classifications, and postoperative pathological findings were collected. The accuracy of AI and TI-RADS in predicting thyroid cancer was compared. Results Among the 500 patients, 390 were diagnosed with thyroid cancer and 110 were benign nodules. The AI achieved an accuracy of 88.5% in predicting thyroid cancer and 87.3% in predicting benign tumors, with an overall accuracy of 88.2%. The TI-RADS had a predictive accuracy of 80.3% for thyroid cancer and 80.9% for benign tumors, with an overall predictive accuracy of 80.4%. The AI group had higher accuracy rates for malignancy and overall prediction compared to the TI-RADS group (P＜0.05). The AI system had a higher accuracy rate for predicting papillary carcinoma compared to the TI-RADS (89.9% vs 81.2%, χ2=10.525，P＜0.05), while no statistically significant differences were found in predicting follicular carcinoma, medullary carcinoma, and undifferentiated carcinoma compared to TI-RADS (P＞0.05). Conclusion Both the AI system and TI-RADS have significant value in the diagnosis of thyroid cancer. The AI system demonstrates higher accuracy compared to the TI-RADS grading system, and similar results are observed in different subtypes of thyroid cancer.

High‐entropy single‐phase rare earth titanates (RE0.2Gd0.2Ho0.2Er0.2Yb0.2)2Ti2O7 (RE = Sm, Y, Lu) were designed and synthesized successfully, in which their lattice distortion was quantitatively described by mass disorder and size disorder. It is worth mentioning that (Y0.2Gd0.2Ho0.2Er0.2Yb0.2)2Ti2O7 could obtain the low thermal conductivity (1.51 W·m−1·K−1, 1500°C), high thermal expansion coefficient (average, 11.69×10−6 K−1, RT ∼1500°C) and excellent high‐temperature stability. In addition, the relationship between the microstructure and thermal transport behaviors has been studied at the atomic scale. Due to the disorder of A‐site ions, severe lattice distortion occurred in specific crystal planes, and the large mass difference between Y3+ and other RE3+ further causes mass fluctuation and results in lower thermal conductivity. Compared with YSZ, the high‐entropy rare earth titanate (Y0.2Gd0.2Ho0.2Er0.2Yb0.2)2Ti2O7 has lower thermal conductivity, higher thermal expansion coefficient, and excellent high‐temperature stability, which has great potential for application in the thermal protection field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is extensively utilized in psychiatric disorder diagnosis. However, the high-dimensional nature of the data poses challenges in network training. We propose a classification approach leveraging autoencoder and multilayer perceptron techniques. Initially, a convolutional autoencoder is designed to reduce the dimensionality and extract features from the input feature map using its encoder component. Subsequently, the extracted features are fed into the designed multilayer perceptron for training and testing, enabling joint classification based on dual features. Finally, we apply this method to classify attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and the experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach in significantly enhancing the accuracy of ADHD classification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study was undertaken to investigate cold-sensitive fruits' cold resistance at low temperatures. Squash and cucumber were two typical kinds of cold-sensitive fruits, and they were very sensitive to low temperatures and easily suffered from chilling injury for inappropriate cold storage. Therefore, the research took squash, Jinyou cucumber and Shenqing cucumber as samples, and analyzed the changes of electrolyte leakage rate at different low temperatures (2, 8, 12 and 20°C) for different days (2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 d). Because the changes in cell membrane permeability were significantly earlier than other chilling injury symptoms, such as the index of internal browning, but the changes between different varieties of cold-sensitive fruits were not always the same. That was the reason why the research took two different kinds of cucumbers as samples. The electrolyte leakage rate was often taken to identify cold-sensitive fruit's cold resistance. In addition, it has achieved some progress and breakthroughs at home and abroad in resent years. The electrolyte leakage rate was tested and documented every two days. Storage temperature and time, maturity, penetration time, measurement unit were considered as major influential factors on the research for electrolyte leakage rate. Among all the factors, penetration time and measurement unit were the most innovative and unique ones. Semi-lethal temperatures were determined by the logistic equation and they were taken as the important basis to judge whether cold-sensitive fruits suffered from chilling injury or not and the order of cold resistance. The result showed that the electrolyte leakage rate achieved stable when penetration time reached 90 minutes. At the same storage temperature, for the growth of the electrolyte leakage rate, there was little difference between the two varieties. With the extension of the storage time, the growth of the electrolyte leakage rate increased and showed significant difference (P<0.05). At the end of the storage time, the growth of the electrolyte leakage rate became stabilized, indicating that the cell membrane permeability had been completely destroyed at this moment. That was to say, the lower the storage temperature, the longer the storage time, the higher the electrolyte leakage rate, the worse the fruits' quality. Meanwhile, semi-lethal temperature of squash was between 5.37-6.56°C, Jinyou cucumber was between 6.69-7.86°C and Shenqing cucumber was between 8.04-8.96°C. That was to say, these cold-sensitive fruits would have maintained a high quality when they were stored at this temperature range. They were confirmed individually and accurately. The tendency of the electrolyte leakage rate followed the Logistic equation and had a linear relationship with semi-lethal temperature. The result of semi-lethal temperature showed significant difference between different varieties, with the extension of duration time at low temperatures, the value of semi-lethal temperature increased and had a positive correlation with the duration time (P<0.05). The order of cold-sensitive fruit's cold resistance from high to low was squash, Jinyou cucumber, Shenqing cucumber and it had no significant relationship with fruits' maturity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]