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Herein, the electrodeposition of paracetamol oxide (PA ox) for the intelligent portable ratiometric detection of nicotine (NIC) and ethyl vanillin β- D -glucoside (EVG) is reported. PA ox electrodeposited on a screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) was used as a new fixed state ratiometric reference probe. A portable electrochemical workstation combined with a smart phone was applied as an intelligent portable electrochemical sensing platform. The sensor was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometry (FT-IR), ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry (UV-vis), theoretical calculation, chronoamperometry, cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and square wave voltammetry (SWV). Under optimized conditions, the detection range of NIC is 10–200 μmol L−1, and the detection limit is 0.256 μmol L−1. The detection range of EVG was 10–180 μmol L−1, and the detection limit was 0.058 μmol L−1. The sensor can realize the real-time detection of NIC and EVG concentration in cigarette samples quickly and accurately, and has good anti-interference, repeatability and stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Colorectal cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer-related death, and its main site of metastasis is the liver. The surgical method used for metastases of colorectal cancer in the liver varies according to the lobe affected, as does the prognosis. However, there is a lack of relevant basic research. Therefore, a good animal model is needed for basic studies of metastases from colorectal cancer to the different lobes of the liver. Methods: A CT26 colon cancer cell line transfected with a virus expressing green fluorescent protein was inoculated into BALB/C mice via the spleen. Tumor formation in the liver lobes was observed under a fluorescence microscope according to which portal vein branch was ligated and according to clamping time. The differential formation of metastatic lesions in the different lobes was then compared with physical anatomy. Serum samples were used to detect the changes in liver function postoperatively. Results: Ligation and resection of the spleen 1 min after injection of the CT26 cells and release of the vessel clamp 1 min after splenectomy created an ideal tumor-bearing mouse model with little effect on liver function. Selective clamping of each portal vein branch and splenic injection of a CT26 cell line successfully established a selective liver lobe tumor-bearing model of colorectal cancer with distinct characteristics. Conclusion: This model provides an opportunity for investigation of the mechanisms of metastasis of colorectal cancer to different lobes of the liver and may provide a basis for clinical treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The photocatalyzed synthesis of silanols from tertiary si-lanes has been carried out using eosin Y under air. This is a metal-free method that uses a low catalyst loading, atmospheric oxygen as the oxidant, and visible-light conditions (blue light). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hydration water greatly impacts the color of inorganic crystals, but it is still unknown whether hydration water can be utilized to systematically manipulate the emission color of organic luminescent groups. Now, metal ions with different hydration ability allow fine‐tuning the emission color of a fluorescent group displaying aggregation induced emission (AIE). Because the hydration water can be removed easily by gentle heating or mechanical grinding and re‐gained by solvent fuming, rewritable materials can be fabricated both in the hot‐writing and cold‐writing modes. This hydration‐facilitated strategy will open up a new vista in fine‐tuning the emission color of AIE molecules based on one synthesis and in the design of smart luminescent devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Resistance to chemotherapy is associated with dismal prognosis in patients with gallbladder cancer. Cyclin‑dependent kinase 10 (CDK10) influences the chemosensitivity of gallbladder cancer cells, and cyclin M is the activating factor and binding partner of CDK10. To determine the effect of CDK10 or cyclin M overexpression on chemosensitivity, gemcitabine‑resistant (GR) subclones were established from CDK10 or cyclin M stable transfectants. Stable overexpression of CDK10 increased the sensitivity to gemcitabine in non‑resistant cells and did not further increase the sensitivity to gemcitabine in the GR subclones. GR subclones exhibited a significantly decreased expression of cyclin M while maintaining the expression levels of CDK10, compared with the non‑resistant cells. MicroRNA (miR)‑433 was identified as a candidate factor involved in the mechanism of the downregulation of M cyclin in GR subclones. Luciferase assays confirmed the interaction between miR‑433 and the 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) of cyclin M. Additionally, ectopic expression of miR‑433 significantly decreased the expression of cyclin M. Finally, increased expression of circulating miR‑433 was associated with poor outcome of chemotherapy. The results of the present study suggest that miR‑433 is a potential biomarker for evaluating chemosensitivity in gallbladder cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose:Using transrenal DNA to detect KRAS mutations in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the study addressed the clinical impact for longitudinal monitoring and prognostic value for disease outcome. Methods:Digital droplet PCR was used to detect the mutant DNA. A total of 200 NSCLC patients were recruited with varying molecular profiles. To ascertain the specificity of transrenal DNA to accurately profile the disease, primary tissues were compared. Subsequently, serial samplings were performed at different treatment cycles to gauge the predictive value. Results:Transrenal DNA was successfully detected in all 200 patients. Overall concordance rate for mutant KRAS DNA within urine specimens and primary tissue biopsies was 95% (k = 0.87; 95% CI: 0.82–0.95). Patients with positive results at baseline had lower median overall survival (OS) than the wildtype group. More importantly, longitudinal monitoring of urine specimens showed an increase in the quantity of transrenal DNA, which were highly associated with disease progression and outcome. Conclusions:Our study showed a highly associative link to the patient’s tumor KRAS profile. Monitoring its variations aided in stratifying patients with worse outcome. Urinary specimens that can be extracted non-invasively presents new opportunities to track patients with KRAS mutation undergoing therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]