Search

Abstract The Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), is one of the most harmful pests of maize in Asia. It poses a significant threat to maize production, causing economic losses due to its strong ecological adaptation. In this study, we compared and analyzed the hemolymph proteome between freezing and resistance-freezing O. furnacalis strains using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis to gain insights into the mechanisms of cold resistance. The results revealed that 300–400 hemolymph protein spots were common, with 24 spots showing differences between the two strains. Spectrometry analysis revealed 21 protein spots, including 17 upregulated spots and 4 downregulated ones. The expression of upregulation/downregulation proteins plays a crucial role in the metabolism, energy supply, and defense reaction of insects. Proteomics research not only provides a method for investigating protein expression patterns but also identifies numerous attractive candidates for further exploration.

The complete mitogenome of Corythoxestis sunosei (GenBank accession number MT611524) is 15,511 bp in length, and harbors 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs), two ribosomal RNA genes, and an A + T-rich region. The overall base composition is A (40.04%), C (10.64%), G (7.62%), and T (41.70%), showing AT-rich feature (81.74%). ATG, ATT, CGA were initiation codons and TAA and T were termination codons. All the 22 tRNAs displayed a common cloverleaf secondary structure, except for trnS1 which lacked the dihydrouracil (DHU) arm. Phylogenetic tree based on 13 PCGs showed that C. sunosei has a close phylogenetic relationship with Gibbovalva kobusi and Cameraria ohridella and belongs to Gracillariidae.

The complete mitogenome of Gunungidia aurantiifasciata (GenBank accession number MT012904) is 15,472 bp in length, and contains 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs), two ribosomal RNA genes, and a putative control region. The overall base composition is A (40.01%), C (11.93%), G (10.63%) and T (37.43%), demonstrating an obvious bias of high AT content (77.44%). ATG, ATA, ATT, TTG were initiation codons and TAA, TAG, and T were termination codons. All 22 tRNAs have the typical cloverleaf secondary structure, with an exception for trnS1 (AGN). The phylogenetic relationship based on neighbor-joining method showed that G. aurantiifasciata is clustered with two Typhlocybinae species, which agree with the conventional taxonomy.

The complete mitochondrial genome of Pealius machili (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) is determined to be 15,736 bp in length, comprising 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs), 2 ribosomal RNA genes, and a putative control region. The overall base composition is 34.60% for A, 10.87% for C, 12.16% for G, and 42.37% for T, with a high AT bias of 76.97%. Eleven reading frame overlaps and 16 intergenic regions were found in the mitogenome of P. machili. The trnS1 and trnS2 lost the dihydrouracil (DHU) arm, while trnL1 lacked the TΨC arm stem. The phylogenetic tree was constructed based on the 13 concatenated PCGs using neighbor-joining method and showed that P. machili is closely related to Aleurochiton aceris, which is in accordance with the traditional classification.

The nonmigratory grasshopper Oedaleus infernalis Saussure (Orthoptera : Acridoidea) is an agricultural pest to crops and forage grasses over a wide natural geographical distribution in China. The genetic diversity and genetic variation among 10 geographically separated populations of O. infernalis was assessed using polymerase chain reaction-based molecular markers, including the intersimple sequence repeat and mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase sequences. A high level of genetic diversity was detected among these populations from the intersimple sequence repeat (H: 0.2628, I: 0.4129, Hs: 0.2130) and cytochrome oxidase analyses (Hd: 0.653). There was no obvious geographical structure based on an unweighted pair group method analysis and median-joining network. The values of FST, θII, and Gst estimated in this study are low, and the gene flow is high (Nm>4). Analysis of the molecular variance suggested that most of the genetic variation occurs within populations, whereas only a small variation takes place between populations. No significant correlation was found between the genetic distance and geographical distance. Overall, our results suggest that the geographical distance plays an unimpeded role in the gene flow among O. infernalis populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: E-commerce''s constant development has caused great changes to the enterprises’ logistics and the operation of supply chain. This change is embodied in the management of supply chain based on the electronic commerce characterized by Informatization and integration. The paper analyzes the insufficiency of traditional performance evaluation method which exists in the supply chain, discusses the supply chain management under the electronic commerce environment, and at the end of the paper, the author proposes system structure of the management performance evaluation of supply chain. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]