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1. A mechanism for reconciling the synchronisation of Heinrich events and Dansgaard-Oeschger cycles

Author: Schannwell, Clemens, Mikolajewicz, Uwe, Kapsch, Marie-Luise, and Ziemen, Florian
Published: 2024
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2. Earth Virtualization Engines -- A Technical Perspective

Author: Hoefler, Torsten, Stevens, Bjorn, Prein, Andreas F., Baehr, Johanna, Schulthess, Thomas, Stocker, Thomas F., Taylor, John, Klocke, Daniel, Manninen, Pekka, Forster, Piers M., Kölling, Tobias, Gruber, Nicolas, Anzt, Hartwig, Frauen, Claudia, Ziemen, Florian, Klöwer, Milan, Kashinath, Karthik, Schär, Christoph, Fuhrer, Oliver, and Lawrence, Bryan N.
Subjects: Physics - Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Computer Science - Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science, Computer Science - Computers and Society, Physics - Physics and Society
Abstract: Participants of the Berlin Summit on Earth Virtualization Engines (EVEs) discussed ideas and concepts to improve our ability to cope with climate change. EVEs aim to provide interactive and accessible climate simulations and data for a wide range of users. They combine high-resolution physics-based models with machine learning techniques to improve the fidelity, efficiency, and interpretability of climate projections. At their core, EVEs offer a federated data layer that enables simple and fast access to exabyte-sized climate data through simple interfaces. In this article, we summarize the technical challenges and opportunities for developing EVEs, and argue that they are essential for addressing the consequences of climate change.
Published: 2023

3. Design and results of the ice sheet model initialisation experiments initMIP-Greenland: an ISMIP6 intercomparison.

Author: Goelzer, Heiko, Nowicki, Sophie, Edwards, Tamsin, Beckley, Matthew, Abe-Ouchi, Ayako, Aschwanden, Andy, Calov, Reinhard, Gagliardini, Olivier, Gillet-Chaulet, Fabien, Golledge, Nicholas R, Gregory, Jonathan, Greve, Ralf, Humbert, Angelika, Huybrechts, Philippe, Kennedy, Joseph H, Larour, Eric, Lipscomb, William H, Clećh, Sébastien Le, Lee, Victoria, Morlighem, Mathieu, Pattyn, Frank, Payne, Antony J, Rodehacke, Christian, Rückamp, Martin, Saito, Fuyuki, Schlegel, Nicole, Seroussi, Helene, Shepherd, Andrew, Sun, Sainan, van de Wal, Roderik, and Ziemen, Florian A
Subjects: Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences, Oceanography, Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience
Abstract: Earlier large-scale Greenland ice sheet sea-level projections (e.g., those run during the ice2sea and SeaRISE initiatives) have shown that ice sheet initial conditions have a large effect on the projections and give rise to important uncertainties. The goal of the initMIP-Greenland intercomparison exercise is to compare, evaluate and improve the initialisation techniques used in the ice sheet modelling community and to estimate the associated uncertainties in modelled mass changes. initMIP-Greenland is the first in a series of ice sheet model intercomparison activities within ISMIP6 (the Ice Sheet Model Intercomparison Project for CMIP6), which is the primary activity within the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project - phase 6 (CMIP6) focusing on the ice sheets. Two experiments for the large-scale Greenland ice sheet have been designed to allow intercomparison between participating models of 1) the initial present-day state of the ice sheet and 2) the response in two idealised forward experiments. The forward experiments serve to evaluate the initialisation in terms of model drift (forward run without additional forcing) and in response to a large perturbation (prescribed surface mass balance anomaly), and should not be interpreted as sea-level projections. We present and discuss results that highlight the diversity of data sets, boundary conditions and initialisation techniques used in the community to generate initial states of the Greenland ice sheet. We find good agreement across the ensemble for the dynamic response to surface mass balance changes in areas where the simulated ice sheets overlap, but differences arising from the initial size of the ice sheet. The model drift in the control experiment is reduced for models that participated in earlier intercomparison exercises.
Published: 2019

4. Multi-year simulations at kilometre scale with the Integrated Forecasting System coupled to FESOM2.5/NEMOv3.4

Author: Rackow, Thomas, primary, Pedruzo-Bagazgoitia, Xabier, additional, Becker, Tobias, additional, Milinski, Sebastian, additional, Sandu, Irina, additional, Aguridan, Razvan, additional, Bechtold, Peter, additional, Beyer, Sebastian, additional, Bidlot, Jean, additional, Boussetta, Souhail, additional, Diamantakis, Michail, additional, Dueben, Peter, additional, Dutra, Emanuel, additional, Forbes, Richard, additional, Goessling, Helge F., additional, Hadade, Ioan, additional, Hegewald, Jan, additional, Keeley, Sarah, additional, Kluft, Lukas, additional, Koldunov, Nikolay, additional, Koldunov, Alexei, additional, Kölling, Tobias, additional, Kousal, Josh, additional, Mogensen, Kristian, additional, Quintino, Tiago, additional, Polichtchouk, Inna, additional, Sármány, Domokos, additional, Sidorenko, Dmitry, additional, Streffing, Jan, additional, Sützl, Birgit, additional, Takasuka, Daisuke, additional, Tietsche, Steffen, additional, Valentini, Mirco, additional, Vannière, Benoît, additional, Wedi, Nils, additional, Zampieri, Lorenzo, additional, and Ziemen, Florian, additional
Published: 2024
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5. Earth Virtualization Engines (EVE)

Author: Stevens, Bjorn, Adami, Stefan, Ali, Tariq, Anzt, Hartwig, Aslan, Zafer, Attinger, Sabine, Bäck, Jaana, Baehr, Johanna, Bauer, Peter, Bernier, Natacha, Bishop, Bob, Bockelmann, Hendryk, Bony, Sandrine, Brasseur, Guy, Bresch, David N., Breyer, Sean, Brunet, Gilbert, Buttigieg, Pier Luigi, Cao, Junji, Castet, Christelle, Cheng, Yafang, Dey Choudhury, Ayantika, Coen, Deborah, Crewell, Susanne, Dabholkar, Atish, Dai, Qing, Doblas-Reyes, Francisco, Durran, Dale, El Gaidi, Ayoub, Ewen, Charlie, Exarchou, Eleftheria, Eyring, Veronika, Falkinhoff, Florencia, Farrell, David, Forster, Piers M., Frassoni, Ariane, Frauen, Claudia, Fuhrer, Oliver, Gani, Shahzad, Gerber, Edwin, Goldfarb, Debra, Grieger, Jens, Gruber, Nicolas, Hazeleger, Wilco, Herken, Rolf, Hewitt, Chris, Hoefler, Torsten, Hsu, Huang Hsiung, Jacob, Daniela, Jahn, Alexandra, Jakob, Christian, Jung, Thomas, Kadow, Christopher, Kang, In Sik, Kang, Sarah, Kashinath, Karthik, Kleinen-Von Königslöw, Katharina, Klocke, Daniel, Kloenne, Uta, Klöwer, Milan, Kodama, Chihiro, Kollet, Stefan, Kölling, Tobias, Kontkanen, Jenni, Kopp, Steve, Koran, Michal, Kulmala, Markku, Lappalainen, Hanna, Latifi, Fakhria, Lawrence, Bryan, Lee, June Yi, Lejeun, Quentin, Lessig, Christian, Li, Chao, Lippert, Thomas, Luterbacher, Jürg, Manninen, Pekka, Marotzke, Jochem, Matsouoka, Satoshi, Merchant, Charlotte, Messmer, Peter, Michel, Gero, Michielsen, Kristel, Miyakawa, Tomoki, Müller, Jens, Munir, Ramsha, Narayanasetti, Sandeep, Ndiaye, Ousmane, Nobre, Carlos, Oberg, Achim, Oki, Riko, Özkan-Haller, Tuba, Palmer, Tim, Posey, Stan, Prein, Andreas, Primus, Odessa, Pritchard, Mike, Pullen, Julie, Putrasahan, Dian, Quaas, Johannes, Raghavan, Krishnan, Ramaswamy, Venkatachalam, Rapp, Markus, Rauser, Florian, Reichstein, Markus, Revi, Aromar, Saluja, Sonakshi, Satoh, Masaki, Schemann, Vera, Schemm, Sebastian, Schnadt Poberaj, Christina, Schulthess, Thomas, Senior, Cath, Shukla, Jagadish, Singh, Manmeet, Slingo, Julia, Sobel, Adam, Solman, Silvina, Spitzer, Jenna, Stier, Philip, Stocker, Thomas, Strock, Sarah, Su, Hang, Taalas, Petteri, Taylor, John, Tegtmeier, Susann, Teutsch, Georg, Tompkins, Adrian, Ulbrich, Uwe, Vidale, Pier Luigi, Wu, Chien Ming, Xu, Hao, Zaki, Najibullah, Zanna, Laure, Zhou, Tianjun, Ziemen, Florian, Stevens, Bjorn, Adami, Stefan, Ali, Tariq, Anzt, Hartwig, Aslan, Zafer, Attinger, Sabine, Bäck, Jaana, Baehr, Johanna, Bauer, Peter, Bernier, Natacha, Bishop, Bob, Bockelmann, Hendryk, Bony, Sandrine, Brasseur, Guy, Bresch, David N., Breyer, Sean, Brunet, Gilbert, Buttigieg, Pier Luigi, Cao, Junji, Castet, Christelle, Cheng, Yafang, Dey Choudhury, Ayantika, Coen, Deborah, Crewell, Susanne, Dabholkar, Atish, Dai, Qing, Doblas-Reyes, Francisco, Durran, Dale, El Gaidi, Ayoub, Ewen, Charlie, Exarchou, Eleftheria, Eyring, Veronika, Falkinhoff, Florencia, Farrell, David, Forster, Piers M., Frassoni, Ariane, Frauen, Claudia, Fuhrer, Oliver, Gani, Shahzad, Gerber, Edwin, Goldfarb, Debra, Grieger, Jens, Gruber, Nicolas, Hazeleger, Wilco, Herken, Rolf, Hewitt, Chris, Hoefler, Torsten, Hsu, Huang Hsiung, Jacob, Daniela, Jahn, Alexandra, Jakob, Christian, Jung, Thomas, Kadow, Christopher, Kang, In Sik, Kang, Sarah, Kashinath, Karthik, Kleinen-Von Königslöw, Katharina, Klocke, Daniel, Kloenne, Uta, Klöwer, Milan, Kodama, Chihiro, Kollet, Stefan, Kölling, Tobias, Kontkanen, Jenni, Kopp, Steve, Koran, Michal, Kulmala, Markku, Lappalainen, Hanna, Latifi, Fakhria, Lawrence, Bryan, Lee, June Yi, Lejeun, Quentin, Lessig, Christian, Li, Chao, Lippert, Thomas, Luterbacher, Jürg, Manninen, Pekka, Marotzke, Jochem, Matsouoka, Satoshi, Merchant, Charlotte, Messmer, Peter, Michel, Gero, Michielsen, Kristel, Miyakawa, Tomoki, Müller, Jens, Munir, Ramsha, Narayanasetti, Sandeep, Ndiaye, Ousmane, Nobre, Carlos, Oberg, Achim, Oki, Riko, Özkan-Haller, Tuba, Palmer, Tim, Posey, Stan, Prein, Andreas, Primus, Odessa, Pritchard, Mike, Pullen, Julie, Putrasahan, Dian, Quaas, Johannes, Raghavan, Krishnan, Ramaswamy, Venkatachalam, Rapp, Markus, Rauser, Florian, Reichstein, Markus, Revi, Aromar, Saluja, Sonakshi, Satoh, Masaki, Schemann, Vera, Schemm, Sebastian, Schnadt Poberaj, Christina, Schulthess, Thomas, Senior, Cath, Shukla, Jagadish, Singh, Manmeet, Slingo, Julia, Sobel, Adam, Solman, Silvina, Spitzer, Jenna, Stier, Philip, Stocker, Thomas, Strock, Sarah, Su, Hang, Taalas, Petteri, Taylor, John, Tegtmeier, Susann, Teutsch, Georg, Tompkins, Adrian, Ulbrich, Uwe, Vidale, Pier Luigi, Wu, Chien Ming, Xu, Hao, Zaki, Najibullah, Zanna, Laure, Zhou, Tianjun, and Ziemen, Florian
Abstract: To manage Earth in the Anthropocene, new tools, new institutions, and new forms of international cooperation will be required. Earth Virtualization Engines is proposed as an international federation of centers of excellence to empower all people to respond to the immense and urgent challenges posed by climate change.
Published: 2024

6. Earth Virtualization Engines (EVE)

Author: Faculteit Geowetenschappen, Stevens, Bjorn, Adami, Stefan, Ali, Tariq, Anzt, Hartwig, Aslan, Zafer, Attinger, Sabine, Bäck, Jaana, Baehr, Johanna, Bauer, Peter, Bernier, Natacha, Bishop, Bob, Bockelmann, Hendryk, Bony, Sandrine, Brasseur, Guy, Bresch, David N., Breyer, Sean, Brunet, Gilbert, Buttigieg, Pier Luigi, Cao, Junji, Castet, Christelle, Cheng, Yafang, Dey Choudhury, Ayantika, Coen, Deborah, Crewell, Susanne, Dabholkar, Atish, Dai, Qing, Doblas-Reyes, Francisco, Durran, Dale, El Gaidi, Ayoub, Ewen, Charlie, Exarchou, Eleftheria, Eyring, Veronika, Falkinhoff, Florencia, Farrell, David, Forster, Piers M., Frassoni, Ariane, Frauen, Claudia, Fuhrer, Oliver, Gani, Shahzad, Gerber, Edwin, Goldfarb, Debra, Grieger, Jens, Gruber, Nicolas, Hazeleger, Wilco, Herken, Rolf, Hewitt, Chris, Hoefler, Torsten, Hsu, Huang Hsiung, Jacob, Daniela, Jahn, Alexandra, Jakob, Christian, Jung, Thomas, Kadow, Christopher, Kang, In Sik, Kang, Sarah, Kashinath, Karthik, Kleinen-Von Königslöw, Katharina, Klocke, Daniel, Kloenne, Uta, Klöwer, Milan, Kodama, Chihiro, Kollet, Stefan, Kölling, Tobias, Kontkanen, Jenni, Kopp, Steve, Koran, Michal, Kulmala, Markku, Lappalainen, Hanna, Latifi, Fakhria, Lawrence, Bryan, Lee, June Yi, Lejeun, Quentin, Lessig, Christian, Li, Chao, Lippert, Thomas, Luterbacher, Jürg, Manninen, Pekka, Marotzke, Jochem, Matsouoka, Satoshi, Merchant, Charlotte, Messmer, Peter, Michel, Gero, Michielsen, Kristel, Miyakawa, Tomoki, Müller, Jens, Munir, Ramsha, Narayanasetti, Sandeep, Ndiaye, Ousmane, Nobre, Carlos, Oberg, Achim, Oki, Riko, Özkan-Haller, Tuba, Palmer, Tim, Posey, Stan, Prein, Andreas, Primus, Odessa, Pritchard, Mike, Pullen, Julie, Putrasahan, Dian, Quaas, Johannes, Raghavan, Krishnan, Ramaswamy, Venkatachalam, Rapp, Markus, Rauser, Florian, Reichstein, Markus, Revi, Aromar, Saluja, Sonakshi, Satoh, Masaki, Schemann, Vera, Schemm, Sebastian, Schnadt Poberaj, Christina, Schulthess, Thomas, Senior, Cath, Shukla, Jagadish, Singh, Manmeet, Slingo, Julia, Sobel, Adam, Solman, Silvina, Spitzer, Jenna, Stier, Philip, Stocker, Thomas, Strock, Sarah, Su, Hang, Taalas, Petteri, Taylor, John, Tegtmeier, Susann, Teutsch, Georg, Tompkins, Adrian, Ulbrich, Uwe, Vidale, Pier Luigi, Wu, Chien Ming, Xu, Hao, Zaki, Najibullah, Zanna, Laure, Zhou, Tianjun, Ziemen, Florian, Faculteit Geowetenschappen, Stevens, Bjorn, Adami, Stefan, Ali, Tariq, Anzt, Hartwig, Aslan, Zafer, Attinger, Sabine, Bäck, Jaana, Baehr, Johanna, Bauer, Peter, Bernier, Natacha, Bishop, Bob, Bockelmann, Hendryk, Bony, Sandrine, Brasseur, Guy, Bresch, David N., Breyer, Sean, Brunet, Gilbert, Buttigieg, Pier Luigi, Cao, Junji, Castet, Christelle, Cheng, Yafang, Dey Choudhury, Ayantika, Coen, Deborah, Crewell, Susanne, Dabholkar, Atish, Dai, Qing, Doblas-Reyes, Francisco, Durran, Dale, El Gaidi, Ayoub, Ewen, Charlie, Exarchou, Eleftheria, Eyring, Veronika, Falkinhoff, Florencia, Farrell, David, Forster, Piers M., Frassoni, Ariane, Frauen, Claudia, Fuhrer, Oliver, Gani, Shahzad, Gerber, Edwin, Goldfarb, Debra, Grieger, Jens, Gruber, Nicolas, Hazeleger, Wilco, Herken, Rolf, Hewitt, Chris, Hoefler, Torsten, Hsu, Huang Hsiung, Jacob, Daniela, Jahn, Alexandra, Jakob, Christian, Jung, Thomas, Kadow, Christopher, Kang, In Sik, Kang, Sarah, Kashinath, Karthik, Kleinen-Von Königslöw, Katharina, Klocke, Daniel, Kloenne, Uta, Klöwer, Milan, Kodama, Chihiro, Kollet, Stefan, Kölling, Tobias, Kontkanen, Jenni, Kopp, Steve, Koran, Michal, Kulmala, Markku, Lappalainen, Hanna, Latifi, Fakhria, Lawrence, Bryan, Lee, June Yi, Lejeun, Quentin, Lessig, Christian, Li, Chao, Lippert, Thomas, Luterbacher, Jürg, Manninen, Pekka, Marotzke, Jochem, Matsouoka, Satoshi, Merchant, Charlotte, Messmer, Peter, Michel, Gero, Michielsen, Kristel, Miyakawa, Tomoki, Müller, Jens, Munir, Ramsha, Narayanasetti, Sandeep, Ndiaye, Ousmane, Nobre, Carlos, Oberg, Achim, Oki, Riko, Özkan-Haller, Tuba, Palmer, Tim, Posey, Stan, Prein, Andreas, Primus, Odessa, Pritchard, Mike, Pullen, Julie, Putrasahan, Dian, Quaas, Johannes, Raghavan, Krishnan, Ramaswamy, Venkatachalam, Rapp, Markus, Rauser, Florian, Reichstein, Markus, Revi, Aromar, Saluja, Sonakshi, Satoh, Masaki, Schemann, Vera, Schemm, Sebastian, Schnadt Poberaj, Christina, Schulthess, Thomas, Senior, Cath, Shukla, Jagadish, Singh, Manmeet, Slingo, Julia, Sobel, Adam, Solman, Silvina, Spitzer, Jenna, Stier, Philip, Stocker, Thomas, Strock, Sarah, Su, Hang, Taalas, Petteri, Taylor, John, Tegtmeier, Susann, Teutsch, Georg, Tompkins, Adrian, Ulbrich, Uwe, Vidale, Pier Luigi, Wu, Chien Ming, Xu, Hao, Zaki, Najibullah, Zanna, Laure, Zhou, Tianjun, and Ziemen, Florian
Published: 2024

7. Deglaciation and abrupt events in a coupled comprehensive atmosphere–ocean–ice sheet–solid earth model.

Author: Mikolajewicz, Uwe, Kapsch, Marie-Luise, Schannwell, Clemens, Six, Katharina D., Ziemen, Florian A., Bagge, Meike, Baudouin, Jean-Philippe, Erokhina, Olga, Gayler, Veronika, Klemann, Volker, Meccia, Virna L., Mouchet, Anne, and Riddick, Thomas
Abstract: During the last 20,000 years the climate of the earth has changed from a state much colder than today with large ice sheets in North America and Northwest Eurasia to its present state. The fully-interactive simulation of this transition represents a hitherto unsolved challenge for state-of-the-art climate models. We use a novel coupled comprehensive atmosphere–ocean–vegetation– ice sheet–solid earth model to simulate the transient climate evolution from the last glacial maximum to preindustrial times. The model considers dynamical changes of the glacier mask, land–sea mask and river routing. An ensemble of transient model simulations successfully captures the main features of the last deglaciation, as depicted by proxy estimates. In addition, our model simulates a series of abrupt climate changes, which can be attributed to different drivers. Abrupt cooling events during the glacial and the first half of the deglaciation are caused by Heinrich-event like ice-sheet surges, which are part of the model generated internal variability. We show that the timing of these surges depends on the initial state and the model parameters. Abrupt events during the second half of the deglaciation are caused by a long-term shift in the sign of the Arctic freshwater budget, changes in river routing and/or the opening of ocean passages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2024
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8. ICON-Sapphire: simulating the components of the Earth system and their interactions at kilometer and subkilometer scales

Author: Hohenegger, Cathy, Korn, Peter, Linardakis, Leonidas, Redler, René, Schnur, Reiner, Adamidis, Panagiotis, Bao, Jiawei, Bastin, Swantje, Behravesh, Milad, Bergemann, Martin, Biercamp, Joachim, Bockelmann, Hendryk, Brokopf, Renate, Brüggemann, Nils, Casaroli, Lucas, Chegini, Fatemeh, Datseris, George, Esch, Monika, Geet, George, Giorgetta, Marco, Gutjahr, Oliver, Haak, Helmuth, Hanke, Moritz, Ilyina, Tatiana, Jahns, Thomas, Jungclaus, Johann, Kern, Marcel, Klocke, Daniel, Kluft, Lukas, Kölling, Tobias, Kornblueh, Luis, Kosukhin, Sergey, Kroll, Clarissa, Lee, Junhong, Mauritsen, Thorsten, Mehlmann, Carolin, Mieslinger, Theresa, Naumann, Ann Kristin, Paccini, Laura, Peinado, Angel, Praturi, Divya Sri, Putrasahan, Dian, Rast, Sebastian, Riddick, Thomas, Roeber, Niklas, Schmidt, Hauke, Schulzweida, Uwe, Schütte, Florian, Segura, Hans, Shevchenko, Radomyra, Singh, Vikram, Specht, Mia, Stephan, Claudia Christine, von Storch, Jin-Song, Vogel, Raphaela, Wengel, Christian, Winkler, Marius, Ziemen, Florian, Marotzke, Jochem, and Stevens, Bjorn
Subjects: Ocean, Earth System Modeling, Tropics, General Medicine, Eddie Resolving, ICON-Saphire Model
Abstract: State-of-the-art Earth system models typically employ grid spacings of O(100 km), which is too coarse to explicitly resolve main drivers of the flow of energy and matter across the Earth system. In this paper, we present the new ICON-Sapphire model configuration, which targets a representation of the components of the Earth system and their interactions with a grid spacing of 10 km and finer. Through the use of selected simulation examples, we demonstrate that ICON-Sapphire can (i) be run coupled globally on seasonal timescales with a grid spacing of 5 km, on monthly timescales with a grid spacing of 2.5 km, and on daily timescales with a grid spacing of 1.25 km; (ii) resolve large eddies in the atmosphere using hectometer grid spacings on limited-area domains in atmosphere-only simulations; (iii) resolve submesoscale ocean eddies by using a global uniform grid of 1.25 km or a telescoping grid with the finest grid spacing at 530 m, the latter coupled to a uniform atmosphere; and (iv) simulate biogeochemistry in an ocean-only simulation integrated for 4 years at 10 km. Comparison of basic features of the climate system to observations reveals no obvious pitfalls, even though some observed aspects remain difficult to capture. The throughput of the coupled 5 km global simulation is 126 simulated days per day employing 21 % of the latest machine of the German Climate Computing Center. Extrapolating from these results, multi-decadal global simulations including interactive carbon are now possible, and short global simulations resolving large eddies in the atmosphere and submesoscale eddies in the ocean are within reach.
Published: 2023
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9. Sensitivity of Heinrich-type ice-sheet surge characteristics to boundary forcing perturbations

Author: Schannwell, Clemens, Mikolajewicz, Uwe, Ziemen, Florian, Kapsch, Marie-Luise, Schannwell, Clemens, Mikolajewicz, Uwe, Ziemen, Florian, and Kapsch, Marie-Luise
Abstract: Heinrich-type ice-sheet surges are one of the prominent signals of glacial climate variability. They are characterised as abrupt, quasi-periodic episodes of ice-sheet instabilities during which large numbers of icebergs are released from the Laurentide ice sheet. The mechanisms controlling the timing and occurrence of Heinrich-type ice-sheet surges remain poorly constrained to this day. Here, we use a coupled ice sheet–solid Earth model to identify and quantify the importance of boundary forcing for the surge cycle length of Heinrich-type ice-sheet surges for two prominent ice streams of the Laurentide ice sheet – the land-terminating Mackenzie ice stream and the marine-terminating Hudson ice stream. Both ice streams show responses of similar magnitude to surface mass balance and geothermal heat flux perturbations, but Mackenzie ice stream is more sensitive to ice surface temperature perturbations, a fact likely caused by the warmer climate in this region. Ocean and sea-level forcing as well as different frequencies of the same forcing have a negligible effect on the surge cycle length. The simulations also highlight the fact that only a certain parameter space exists under which ice-sheet oscillations can be maintained. Transitioning from an oscillatory state to a persistent ice streaming state can result in an ice volume loss of up to 30 % for the respective ice stream drainage basin under otherwise constant climate conditions. We show that Mackenzie ice stream is susceptible to undergoing such a transition in response to all tested positive climate perturbations. This underlines the potential of the Mackenzie region to have contributed to prominent abrupt climate change events of the last deglaciation.
Published: 2023
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10. EUREC 4 A

Author: Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Stevens, Bjorn, Bony, Sandrine, Farrell, David, Ament, Felix, Blyth, Alan, Fairall, Christopher, Karstensen, Johannes, Quinn, Patricia K., Speich, Sabrina, Acquistapace, Claudia, Aemisegger, Franziska, Albright, Anna Lea, Bellenger, Hugo, Bodenschatz, Eberhard, Caesar, Kathy-Ann, Chewitt-Lucas, Rebecca, de Boer, Gijs, Delanoë, Julien, Denby, Leif, Ewald, Florian, Fildier, Benjamin, Forde, Marvin, George, Geet, Gross, Silke, Hagen, Martin, Hausold, Andrea, Heywood, Karen J., Hirsch, Lutz, Jacob, Marek, Jansen, Friedhelm, Kinne, Stefan, Klocke, Daniel, Kölling, Tobias, Konow, Heike, Lothon, Marie, Mohr, Wiebke, Naumann, Ann Kristin, Nuijens, Louise, Olivier, Léa, Pincus, Robert, Pöhlker, Mira, Reverdin, Gilles, Roberts, Gregory, Schnitt, Sabrina, Schulz, Hauke, Siebesma, A. Pier, Stephan, Claudia Christine, Sullivan, Peter, Touzé-Peiffer, Ludovic, Vial, Jessica, Vogel, Raphaela, Zuidema, Paquita, Alexander, Nicola, Alves, Lyndon, Arixi, Sophian, Asmath, Hamish, Bagheri, Gholamhossein, Baier, Katharina, Bailey, Adriana, Baranowski, Dariusz, Baron, Alexandre, Barrau, Sébastien, Barrett, Paul A., Batier, Frédéric, Behrendt, Andreas, Bendinger, Arne, Beucher, Florent, Bigorre, Sebastien, Blades, Edmund, Blossey, Peter, Bock, Olivier, Böing, Steven, Bosser, Pierre, Bourras, Denis, Bouruet-Aubertot, Pascale, Bower, Keith, Branellec, Pierre, Branger, Hubert, Brennek, Michal, Brewer, Alan, Brilouet, Pierre-Etienne, Brügmann, Björn, Buehler, Stefan A., Burke, Elmo, Burton, Ralph, Calmer, Radiance, Canonici, Jean-Christophe, Carton, Xavier, Cato Jr., Gregory, Charles, Jude Andre, Chazette, Patrick, Chen, Yanxu, Chilinski, Michal T., Choularton, Thomas, Chuang, Patrick, Clarke, Shamal, Coe, Hugh, Cornet, Céline, Coutris, Pierre, Couvreux, Fleur, Crewell, Susanne, Cronin, Timothy, Cui, Zhiqiang, Cuypers, Yannis, Daley, Alton, Damerell, Gillian M., Dauhut, Thibaut, Deneke, Hartwig, Desbios, Jean-Philippe, Dörner, Steffen, Donner, Sebastian, Douet, Vincent, Drushka, Kyla, Dütsch, Marina, Ehrlich, André, Emanuel, Kerry, Emmanouilidis, Alexandros, Etienne, Jean-Claude, Etienne-Leblanc, Sheryl, Faure, Ghislain, Feingold, Graham, Ferrero, Luca, Fix, Andreas, Flamant, Cyrille, Flatau, Piotr Jacek, Foltz, Gregory R., Forster, Linda, Furtuna, Iulian, Gadian, Alan, Galewsky, Joseph, Gallagher, Martin, Gallimore, Peter, Gaston, Cassandra, Gentemann, Chelle, Geyskens, Nicolas, Giez, Andreas, Gollop, John, Gouirand, Isabelle, Gourbeyre, Christophe, de Graaf, Dörte, de Groot, Geiske E., Grosz, Robert, Güttler, Johannes, Gutleben, Manuel, Hall, Kashawn, Harris, George, Helfer, Kevin C., Henze, Dean, Herbert, Calvert, Holanda, Bruna, Ibanez-Landeta, Antonio, Intrieri, Janet, Iyer, Suneil, Julien, Fabrice, Kalesse, Heike, Kazil, Jan, Kellman, Alexander, Kidane, Abiel T., Kirchner, Ulrike, Klingebiel, Marcus, Körner, Mareike, Kremper, Leslie Ann, Kretzschmar, Jan, Krüger, Ovid, Kumala, Wojciech, Kurz, Armin, L'Hégaret, Pierre, Labaste, Matthieu, Lachlan-Cope, Tom, Laing, Arlene, Landschützer, Peter, Lang, Theresa, Lange, Diego, Lange, Ingo, Laplace, Clément, Lavik, Gauke, Laxenaire, Rémi, Le Bihan, Caroline, Leandro, Mason, Lefevre, Nathalie, Lena, Marius, Lenschow, Donald, Li, Qiang, Lloyd, Gary, Los, Sebastian, Losi, Niccolò, Lovell, Oscar, Luneau, Christopher, Makuch, Przemyslaw, Malinowski, Szymon, Manta, Gaston, Marinou, Eleni, Marsden, Nicholas, Masson, Sebastien, Maury, Nicolas, Mayer, Bernhard, Mayers-Als, Margarette, Mazel, Christophe, McGeary, Wayne, McWilliams, James C., Mech, Mario, Mehlmann, Melina, Meroni, Agostino Niyonkuru, Mieslinger, Theresa, Minikin, Andreas, Minnett, Peter, Möller, Gregor, Morfa Avalos, Yanmichel, Muller, Caroline, Musat, Ionela, Napoli, Anna, Neuberger, Almuth, Noisel, Christophe, Noone, David, Nordsiek, Freja, Nowak, Jakub L., Oswald, Lothar, Parker, Douglas J., Peck, Carolyn, Person, Renaud, Philippi, Miriam, Plueddemann, Albert, Pöhlker, Christopher, Pörtge, Veronika, Pöschl, Ulrich, Pologne, Lawrence, Posyniak, Michał, Prange, Marc, Quiñones Meléndez, Estefanía, Radtke, Jule, Ramage, Karim, Reimann, Jens, Renault, Lionel, Reus, Klaus, Reyes, Ashford, Ribbe, Joachim, Ringel, Maximilian, Ritschel, Markus, Rocha, Cesar B., Rochetin, Nicolas, Röttenbacher, Johannes, Rollo, Callum, Royer, Haley, Sadoulet, Pauline, Saffin, Leo, Sandiford, Sanola, Sandu, Irina, Schäfer, Michael, Schemann, Vera, Schirmacher, Imke, Schlenczek, Oliver, Schmidt, Jerome, Schröder, Marcel, Schwarzenboeck, Alfons, Sealy, Andrea, Senff, Christoph J., Serikov, Ilya, Shohan, Samkeyat, Siddle, Elizabeth, Smirnov, Alexander, Späth, Florian, Spooner, Branden, Stolla, M. Katharina, Szkółka, Wojciech, de Szoeke, Simon P., Tarot, Stéphane, Tetoni, Eleni, Thompson, Elizabeth, Thomson, Jim, Tomassini, Lorenzo, Totems, Julien, Ubele, Alma Anna, Villiger, Leonie, von Arx, Jan, Wagner, Thomas, Walther, Andi, Webber, Ben, Wendisch, Manfred, Whitehall, Shanice, Wiltshire, Anton, Wing, Allison A., Wirth, Martin, Wiskandt, Jonathan, Wolf, Kevin, Worbes, Ludwig, Wright, Ethan, Wulfmeyer, Volker, Young, Shanea, Zhang, Chidong, Zhang, Dongxiao, Ziemen, Florian, Zinner, Tobias, Zöger, Martin, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Stevens, Bjorn, Bony, Sandrine, Farrell, David, Ament, Felix, Blyth, Alan, Fairall, Christopher, Karstensen, Johannes, Quinn, Patricia K., Speich, Sabrina, Acquistapace, Claudia, Aemisegger, Franziska, Albright, Anna Lea, Bellenger, Hugo, Bodenschatz, Eberhard, Caesar, Kathy-Ann, Chewitt-Lucas, Rebecca, de Boer, Gijs, Delanoë, Julien, Denby, Leif, Ewald, Florian, Fildier, Benjamin, Forde, Marvin, George, Geet, Gross, Silke, Hagen, Martin, Hausold, Andrea, Heywood, Karen J., Hirsch, Lutz, Jacob, Marek, Jansen, Friedhelm, Kinne, Stefan, Klocke, Daniel, Kölling, Tobias, Konow, Heike, Lothon, Marie, Mohr, Wiebke, Naumann, Ann Kristin, Nuijens, Louise, Olivier, Léa, Pincus, Robert, Pöhlker, Mira, Reverdin, Gilles, Roberts, Gregory, Schnitt, Sabrina, Schulz, Hauke, Siebesma, A. Pier, Stephan, Claudia Christine, Sullivan, Peter, Touzé-Peiffer, Ludovic, Vial, Jessica, Vogel, Raphaela, Zuidema, Paquita, Alexander, Nicola, Alves, Lyndon, Arixi, Sophian, Asmath, Hamish, Bagheri, Gholamhossein, Baier, Katharina, Bailey, Adriana, Baranowski, Dariusz, Baron, Alexandre, Barrau, Sébastien, Barrett, Paul A., Batier, Frédéric, Behrendt, Andreas, Bendinger, Arne, Beucher, Florent, Bigorre, Sebastien, Blades, Edmund, Blossey, Peter, Bock, Olivier, Böing, Steven, Bosser, Pierre, Bourras, Denis, Bouruet-Aubertot, Pascale, Bower, Keith, Branellec, Pierre, Branger, Hubert, Brennek, Michal, Brewer, Alan, Brilouet, Pierre-Etienne, Brügmann, Björn, Buehler, Stefan A., Burke, Elmo, Burton, Ralph, Calmer, Radiance, Canonici, Jean-Christophe, Carton, Xavier, Cato Jr., Gregory, Charles, Jude Andre, Chazette, Patrick, Chen, Yanxu, Chilinski, Michal T., Choularton, Thomas, Chuang, Patrick, Clarke, Shamal, Coe, Hugh, Cornet, Céline, Coutris, Pierre, Couvreux, Fleur, Crewell, Susanne, Cronin, Timothy, Cui, Zhiqiang, Cuypers, Yannis, Daley, Alton, Damerell, Gillian M., Dauhut, Thibaut, Deneke, Hartwig, Desbios, Jean-Philippe, Dörner, Steffen, Donner, Sebastian, Douet, Vincent, Drushka, Kyla, Dütsch, Marina, Ehrlich, André, Emanuel, Kerry, Emmanouilidis, Alexandros, Etienne, Jean-Claude, Etienne-Leblanc, Sheryl, Faure, Ghislain, Feingold, Graham, Ferrero, Luca, Fix, Andreas, Flamant, Cyrille, Flatau, Piotr Jacek, Foltz, Gregory R., Forster, Linda, Furtuna, Iulian, Gadian, Alan, Galewsky, Joseph, Gallagher, Martin, Gallimore, Peter, Gaston, Cassandra, Gentemann, Chelle, Geyskens, Nicolas, Giez, Andreas, Gollop, John, Gouirand, Isabelle, Gourbeyre, Christophe, de Graaf, Dörte, de Groot, Geiske E., Grosz, Robert, Güttler, Johannes, Gutleben, Manuel, Hall, Kashawn, Harris, George, Helfer, Kevin C., Henze, Dean, Herbert, Calvert, Holanda, Bruna, Ibanez-Landeta, Antonio, Intrieri, Janet, Iyer, Suneil, Julien, Fabrice, Kalesse, Heike, Kazil, Jan, Kellman, Alexander, Kidane, Abiel T., Kirchner, Ulrike, Klingebiel, Marcus, Körner, Mareike, Kremper, Leslie Ann, Kretzschmar, Jan, Krüger, Ovid, Kumala, Wojciech, Kurz, Armin, L'Hégaret, Pierre, Labaste, Matthieu, Lachlan-Cope, Tom, Laing, Arlene, Landschützer, Peter, Lang, Theresa, Lange, Diego, Lange, Ingo, Laplace, Clément, Lavik, Gauke, Laxenaire, Rémi, Le Bihan, Caroline, Leandro, Mason, Lefevre, Nathalie, Lena, Marius, Lenschow, Donald, Li, Qiang, Lloyd, Gary, Los, Sebastian, Losi, Niccolò, Lovell, Oscar, Luneau, Christopher, Makuch, Przemyslaw, Malinowski, Szymon, Manta, Gaston, Marinou, Eleni, Marsden, Nicholas, Masson, Sebastien, Maury, Nicolas, Mayer, Bernhard, Mayers-Als, Margarette, Mazel, Christophe, McGeary, Wayne, McWilliams, James C., Mech, Mario, Mehlmann, Melina, Meroni, Agostino Niyonkuru, Mieslinger, Theresa, Minikin, Andreas, Minnett, Peter, Möller, Gregor, Morfa Avalos, Yanmichel, Muller, Caroline, Musat, Ionela, Napoli, Anna, Neuberger, Almuth, Noisel, Christophe, Noone, David, Nordsiek, Freja, Nowak, Jakub L., Oswald, Lothar, Parker, Douglas J., Peck, Carolyn, Person, Renaud, Philippi, Miriam, Plueddemann, Albert, Pöhlker, Christopher, Pörtge, Veronika, Pöschl, Ulrich, Pologne, Lawrence, Posyniak, Michał, Prange, Marc, Quiñones Meléndez, Estefanía, Radtke, Jule, Ramage, Karim, Reimann, Jens, Renault, Lionel, Reus, Klaus, Reyes, Ashford, Ribbe, Joachim, Ringel, Maximilian, Ritschel, Markus, Rocha, Cesar B., Rochetin, Nicolas, Röttenbacher, Johannes, Rollo, Callum, Royer, Haley, Sadoulet, Pauline, Saffin, Leo, Sandiford, Sanola, Sandu, Irina, Schäfer, Michael, Schemann, Vera, Schirmacher, Imke, Schlenczek, Oliver, Schmidt, Jerome, Schröder, Marcel, Schwarzenboeck, Alfons, Sealy, Andrea, Senff, Christoph J., Serikov, Ilya, Shohan, Samkeyat, Siddle, Elizabeth, Smirnov, Alexander, Späth, Florian, Spooner, Branden, Stolla, M. Katharina, Szkółka, Wojciech, de Szoeke, Simon P., Tarot, Stéphane, Tetoni, Eleni, Thompson, Elizabeth, Thomson, Jim, Tomassini, Lorenzo, Totems, Julien, Ubele, Alma Anna, Villiger, Leonie, von Arx, Jan, Wagner, Thomas, Walther, Andi, Webber, Ben, Wendisch, Manfred, Whitehall, Shanice, Wiltshire, Anton, Wing, Allison A., Wirth, Martin, Wiskandt, Jonathan, Wolf, Kevin, Worbes, Ludwig, Wright, Ethan, Wulfmeyer, Volker, Young, Shanea, Zhang, Chidong, Zhang, Dongxiao, Ziemen, Florian, Zinner, Tobias, and Zöger, Martin
Abstract: Abstract. The science guiding the EUREC4A campaign and its measurements is presented. EUREC4A comprised roughly 5 weeks of measurements in the downstream winter trades of the North Atlantic – eastward and southeastward of Barbados. Through its ability to characterize processes operating across a wide range of scales, EUREC4A marked a turning point in our ability to observationally study factors influencing clouds in the trades, how they will respond to warming, and their link to other components of the earth system, such as upper-ocean processes or the life cycle of particulate matter. This characterization was made possible by thousands (2500) of sondes distributed to measure circulations on meso- (200 km) and larger (500 km) scales, roughly 400 h of flight time by four heavily instrumented research aircraft; four global-class research vessels; an advanced ground-based cloud observatory; scores of autonomous observing platforms operating in the upper ocean (nearly 10 000 profiles), lower atmosphere (continuous profiling), and along the air–sea interface; a network of water stable isotopologue measurements; targeted tasking of satellite remote sensing; and modeling with a new generation of weather and climate models. In addition to providing an outline of the novel measurements and their composition into a unified and coordinated campaign, the six distinct scientific facets that EUREC4A explored – from North Brazil Current rings to turbulence-induced clustering of cloud droplets and its influence on warm-rain formation – are presented along with an overview of EUREC4A's outreach activities, environmental impact, and guidelines for scientific practice. Track data for all platforms are standardized and accessible at https://doi.org/10.25326/165 (Stevens, 2021), and a film documenting the campaign is provided as a video supplement.
Published: 2023

11. Earth Virtualization Engines: A Technical Perspective

Author: Hoefler, Torsten, primary, Stevens, Bjorn, additional, Prein, Andreas F., additional, Baehr, Johanna, additional, Schulthess, Thomas, additional, Stocker, Thomas F., additional, Taylor, John, additional, Klocke, Daniel, additional, Manninen, Pekka, additional, Forster, Piers M., additional, Kölling, Tobias, additional, Gruber, Nicolas, additional, Anzt, Hartwig, additional, Frauen, Claudia, additional, Ziemen, Florian, additional, Klöwer, Milan, additional, Kashinath, Karthik, additional, Schär, Christoph, additional, Fuhrer, Oliver, additional, and Lawrence, Bryan N., additional
Published: 2023
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12. Report on the final implementation of key selected post-processing, analytics and visualisation applications and main outcomes - Deliverable D5.3

Author: Heidmann, Oliver, Budich, Reinhard, Elia, Donatello, Palazzo, Cosimo, Scardigno, Sonia, Dreier, Nils-Arne, and Ziemen, Florian
Subjects: ESiWACE2, Centre of Excellence in Simulation of Weather and Climate in Europe Phase 2
Abstract: In the ESiWACE Center of Excellence the Earth System Data Middleware (ESDM) provides a data model that manages datasets in virtual containers with their metadata. Building on this work, a Python client has been developed for building pipelines consisting of ESDM-enabled post-processing, analytics and visualisation (PAV) applications. Among these PAV applications the key selected ones are: Ophidia, an open source solution for the analysis of multi-dimensional data, mainly targeted at climate science applications; CDO, a collection of command line operators to manipulate and analyse climate and weather data; ParaView, a widely used application for interactive 3D rendering and analysis of large data sets. The Ophidia framework has been improved in various ways, in particular with respect to parallel I/O, handling of non-regular grids and in-flight analytics. For the CDOs we have shown that a significant performance improvement can be obtained using GPUs. ParaView now supports arbitrary grids, such as those of the ICON, IFS, and FESOM models, the components of the DestinE digital twins. With the newly developed YAVIZ interface, it can also be used for online (in-transit) diagnostics and visualization with models that use the YAC coupler (currently the ICON model, we are working on YAC-support in FESOM). Furthermore, we have developed Python bindings for YAC, so now any Python based analysis (e.g. machine learning codes) can be applied as online analysis to the fields of the ICON model., ESiWACE2 stands for Centre of Excellence in Simulation of Weather and Climate in Europe Phase 2. ESiWACE2 is funded by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (H2020-INFRAEDI-2018-1 call) under grant agreement 823988.
Published: 2023
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13. Sensitivity of Heinrich events to boundary forcing perturbations in a coupled ice sheet-solid Earth model

Author: Schannwell, Clemens, primary, Mikolajewicz, Uwe, additional, Kapsch, Marie, additional, and Ziemen, Florian, additional
Published: 2023
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14. Storm- and eddy-resolving simulations with IFS-FESOM/NEMO at the kilometre scale

Author: Rackow, Thomas, primary, Pedruzo Bagazgoitia, Xabier, additional, Becker, Tobias, additional, Milinski, Sebastian, additional, Sandu, Irina, additional, Diamantakis, Michail, additional, Goessling, Helge F., additional, Hadade, Ioan, additional, Hegewald, Jan, additional, Koldunov, Nikolay, additional, Koldunov, Alexei, additional, Kölling, Tobias, additional, Mogensen, Kristian, additional, Sidorenko, Dmitry, additional, Streffing, Jan, additional, Wedi, Nils, additional, Zampieri, Lorenzo, additional, and Ziemen, Florian, additional
Published: 2023
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15. Sensitivity of Heinrich-type ice-sheet surge characteristics to boundary forcing perturbations

Author: Schannwell, Clemens, primary, Mikolajewicz, Uwe, additional, Ziemen, Florian, additional, and Kapsch, Marie-Luise, additional
Published: 2023
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16. Milestone 11: ESDM-based CDOs, data tools and visualisation applications (M5.2)

Author: Budich, Reinhard, Heidmann, Oliver, Elia, Donatello, Palazzo, Cosimo, Ziemen, Florian, and Dreier, Nils
Subjects: ESDM, HPC, data analysis, ESiWACE2, visualization
Abstract: This report linked to milestone MS11 documents the final software release of the ESDM-enabled post-processing, analytics and visualisation (PAV) applications providing links and pointers to the released code. These include: CDO, Ophidia and ParaView. The integration of ESDM with CDO, data and visualisation tools was achieved mainly by relinking or recompiling the software with the ESDM-NetCDF version developed in WP4, with minor code modifications. In the case of Ophidia a more tight integration has been evaluated by using the ESDM API. Besides the integration with ESDM, the key developments from the project included in the last release of the PAV use cases comprise: analytical kernels (GPU-based, in-flight), better support for ESiWACE2 flagship model grids, in-situ visualisation approaches, etc. The envisioned developments and improvements on the post-processing, analytics and visualisation tools have been released and included in the main software branches. Deliverable D5.3 will report more in detail the key development activities for the selected PAV applications.
Published: 2022
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17. Report on the implementation of the ESDM PAV analytical kernels for post-processing, analysis and visualisation (T5.3) - Deliverable D5.2

Author: Heidmann, Oliver, Budich, Reinhard, Elia, Donatello, Palazzo, Cosimo, and Ziemen, Florian
Subjects: ESiWACE2, Centre of Excellence in Simulation of Weather and Climate in Europe Phase 2
Abstract: The Earth System Data Middleware (ESDM) framework was developed in ESiWACE and can now serve as a platform to execute processing, analysis and visualisation (PAV) workflows in a way that is using meta data of the underlying technology and site specific storage systems on one hand and the workflows themselves on the other hand to automatically optimise data access for performance. This has the potential to remove bottlenecks in the workflows for very large data sets as they are to be expected for the upcoming Exascale systems. Analytical kernels have been developed further, rewritten and tested for the post-processing and analysis systems CDO and Ophidia to show the interplay with ESDM. For visualisation, there now is an ESDM-enabled netCDF library to accommodate direct input from ESDM into the visualisation tool ParaView. These developments and preliminary tests were successful despite the fact that ESDM currently is not used in a widely spread manor for Earth System Model (ESM) outputs. This seems to be due to the fact that so far its potential has not been shown to be useful enough to replace off-the-shelf, proven, mature systems providing the same functionalities. This document provides an overview of the analytical kernels developed for CDO and Ophidia making use of accelerated architectures (i.e., GPUs) and of streaming I/O APIs (for in-flight analytics)., ESiWACE2 stands for Centre of Excellence in Simulation of Weather and Climate in Europe Phase 2. ESiWACE2 is funded by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (H2020-INFRAEDI-2018-1 call) under grant agreement 823988.
Published: 2022
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18. ICON-Sapphire: simulating the components of the Earth System and their interactions at kilometer and subkilometer scales

Author: Hohenegger, Cathy, primary, Korn, Peter, additional, Linardakis, Leonidas, additional, Redler, René, additional, Schnur, Reiner, additional, Adamidis, Panagiotis, additional, Bao, Jiawei, additional, Bastin, Swantje, additional, Behravesh, Milad, additional, Bergemann, Martin, additional, Biercamp, Joachim, additional, Bockelmann, Hendryk, additional, Brokopf, Renate, additional, Brüggemann, Nils, additional, Casaroli, Lucas, additional, Chegini, Fatemeh, additional, Datseris, George, additional, Esch, Monika, additional, George, Geet, additional, Giorgetta, Marco, additional, Gutjahr, Oliver, additional, Haak, Helmuth, additional, Hanke, Moritz, additional, Ilyina, Tatiana, additional, Jahns, Thomas, additional, Jungclaus, Johann, additional, Kern, Marcel, additional, Klocke, Daniel, additional, Kluft, Lukas, additional, Kölling, Tobias, additional, Kornblueh, Luis, additional, Kosukhin, Sergey, additional, Kroll, Clarissa, additional, Lee, Junhong, additional, Mauritsen, Thorsten, additional, Mehlmann, Carolin, additional, Mieslinger, Theresa, additional, Naumann, Ann Kristin, additional, Paccini, Laura, additional, Peinado, Angel, additional, Praturi, Divya Sri, additional, Putrasahan, Dian, additional, Rast, Sebastian, additional, Riddick, Thomas, additional, Roeber, Niklas, additional, Schmidt, Hauke, additional, Schulzweida, Uwe, additional, Schütte, Florian, additional, Segura, Hans, additional, Shevchenko, Radomyra, additional, Singh, Vikram, additional, Specht, Mia, additional, Stephan, Claudia Christine, additional, von Storch, Jin-Song, additional, Vogel, Raphaela, additional, Wengel, Christian, additional, Winkler, Marius, additional, Ziemen, Florian, additional, Marotzke, Jochem, additional, and Stevens, Bjorn, additional
Published: 2022
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19. Atmospheric energy spectra in global kilometre-scale models

Author: Stephan, Claudia Christine, Duras, Julia, Harris, Lucas, Klocke, Daniel, Putman, William M., Taylor, Mark, Wedi, Nils P., Žagar, Nedjeljka, and Ziemen, Florian
Subjects: Atmospheric Science, Oceanography, Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics
Abstract: Eleven 40-day long integrations of five different global models with horizontal resolutions of less than 9 km are compared in terms of their global energy spectra. The method of normal-mode function decomposition is used to distinguish between balanced (Rossby wave; RW) and unbalanced (inertia-gravity wave; IGW) circulation. The simulations produce the expected canonical shape of the spectra, but their spectral slopes at mesoscales, and the zonal scale at which RW and IGW spectra intersect differ significantly. The partitioning of total wave energies into RWs an IGWs is most sensitive to the turbulence closure scheme and this partitioning is what determines the spectral crossing scale in the simulations, which differs by a factor of up to two. It implies that care must be taken when using simple spatial filtering to compare gravity wave phenomena in storm-resolving simulations, even when the model horizontal resolutions are similar. In contrast to the energy partitioning between the RWs and IGWs, changes in turbulence closure schemes do not seem to strongly affect spectral slopes, which only exhibit major differences at mesoscales. Despite their minor contribution to the global (horizontal kinetic plus potential available) energy, small scales are important for driving the global mean circulation. Our results support the conclusions of previous studies that the strength of convection is a relevant factor for explaining discrepancies in the energies at small scales. The models studied here produce the major large-scale features of tropical precipitation patterns. However, particularly at large horizontal wavenumbers, the spectra of upper tropospheric vertical velocity, which is a good indicator for the strength of deep convection, differ by factors of three or more in energy. High vertical kinetic energies at small scales are mostly found in those models that do not use any convective parameterisation.
Published: 2022
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20. Ocean Response in Transient Simulations of the Last Deglaciation Dominated by Underlying Ice‐Sheet Reconstruction and Method of Meltwater Distribution

Author: Kapsch, Marie‐Luise, Mikolajewicz, Uwe, Ziemen, Florian, Schannwell, Clemens, Kapsch, Marie‐Luise, Mikolajewicz, Uwe, Ziemen, Florian, and Schannwell, Clemens
Abstract: The last deglaciation was characterized by drastic climate changes, most prominently melting ice sheets. Melting ice sheets have a significant impact on the atmospheric and oceanic circulation, due to changes in the topography and meltwater release into the ocean. In a set of transient simulations of the last deglaciation with the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology Earth System Model we explore differences in the climate response that arise from different boundary conditions and implementations suggested within the Paleoclimate Modeling Intercomparison Project - Phase 4 (PMIP4) deglaciation protocol. The underlying ice-sheet reconstruction dominates the simulated deglacial millennial-scale climate variability in terms of timing and occurrence of observed climate events. Sensitivity experiments indicate that the location and timing of meltwater release from the ice sheets into the ocean are crucial for the ocean response. The results will allow a better interpretation of inter-model differences that arise from different implementations proposed within the PMIP4 protocol.
Published: 2022
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21. Sensitivity of Heinrich-type ice-sheet surge characteristics to boundary forcing perturbations

Author: Schannwell, Clemens, primary, Mikolajewicz, Uwe, additional, Ziemen, Florian, additional, and Kapsch, Marie-Luise, additional
Published: 2022
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22. A vision and strategy to revamp ESM workflows at DKRZ

Author: Peters-von Gehlen, Karsten, primary, Anders, Ivonne, additional, Heydebreck, Daniel, additional, Kadow, Christopher, additional, Ziemen, Florian, additional, and Thiemann, Hannes, additional
Published: 2022
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23. Sensitivity of Heinrich-type ice sheet surges and their implications for the last deglaciation

Author: Schannwell, Clemens, primary, Mikolajewicz, Uwe, additional, Ziemen, Florian, additional, and Kapsch, Marie-Luise, additional
Published: 2022
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24. Atmospheric energy spectra in global kilometre-scale models

Author: Stephan, Claudia, primary, Duras, Julia, additional, Harris, Lucas, additional, Klocke, Daniel, additional, Putman, William M., additional, Taylor, Mark, additional, Wedi, Nils P., additional, Žagar, Nedjeljka, additional, and Ziemen, Florian, additional
Published: 2022
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25. DKRZ Jahrbuch 2020-2021

Author: Böttinger, Michael, Meyer, Jana, Adamidis, Panagiotis, Behrens, Jörg, Bergemann, Martin, Berger, Katharina, Biercamp, Joachim, Bockelmann, Hendryk, Buurman, Merret, Duras, Julia, Eceiza, Etor Lucio, Frauen, Claudia, Gehlot, Swati, Heil, Angelika, Kadow, Christopher, Kindermann, Stephan, Lammert, Andrea, Müller, Ralf, Peters-von Gehlen, Karsten, Rompe, Maria, Schupfner, Martin, Thiemann, Hannes, Weigel, Tobias, and Ziemen, Florian Andreas
Subjects: Literature, Climate
Abstract: Project: Literature - Literature e.g. grey literature Summary: The "Jahrbuch 2020-2021" gives an overview of DKRZ's activities in 2020 and 2021. It summarizes the results of important completed projects and takes a look at ongoing and newly started projects. The two main topics of the Yearbook 2020-2021 are the Nobel Prize in Physics 2021 for Prof. Klaus Hasselmann and his influence on the development of DKRZ, and DKRZ's new supercomputer "Levante" (HLRE-4), which was installed at the end of 2021. The pdf documents may be freely downloaded and used. Re-use of single parts (i.e. pictures) is only permitted for non-commercial purposes - except for those pictures that are copyrighted by commercial stock photo agencies. Details can be found in the corresponding picture credits ("Bildnachweis"). For any commercial use, a written agreement of DKRZ is required. Copyright: DKRZ (Creative Commons: CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). The yearbook is also available under the following link: https://www.dkrz.de/pdfs/downloads/dkrz_jahrbuch_2020-2021_web.pdf
Published: 2022
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26. Production-mode simulation with NEMO, ICON-ESM, ECMWF, EC-Earth, IPSL model - Milestone MS2

Author: Dueben, Peter, Serradell, Kim, Castrillo, Miguel, Valcke, Sophie, Caubel, Arnaud, Meurdesoif, Yann, Duras, Julia, Frauen, Claudia, Ziemen, Florian, Adamidis, Panos, Hatfield, Sam, Budich, Reinhard, Klocke, Daniel, Bricaud, Clément, and Fladrich, Uwe
Subjects: weather, hpc, ESiWACE2, ESiWACE, climate
Abstract: We have documented the current progress during the implementation of the production mode simulations on supercomputers of the consortium in deliverable D1.1 (https://zenodo.org/record/5795991) which is submitted together with this Milestone document. The model development teams are making good progress when preparing the model configurations for the pre-exacscale EuroHPC systems. We now hope to be able to get access to those machines soon, to make the final scalability tests in 2022.
Published: 2021
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27. Ocean Response in Transient Simulations of the Last Deglaciation Dominated by Underlying Ice‐Sheet Reconstruction and Method of Meltwater Distribution

Author: Kapsch, Marie‐Luise, primary, Mikolajewicz, Uwe, additional, Ziemen, Florian, additional, and Schannwell, Clemens, additional
Published: 2022
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28. Atmospheric Energy Spectra in Global Kilometre-Scale Models

Author: Stephan, Claudia Christine, primary, Duras, Julia, additional, Harris, Lucas, additional, Klocke, Daniel, additional, Putman, William M., additional, Taylor, Mark, additional, Wedi, Nils P., additional, Žagar, Nedjeljka, additional, and Ziemen, Florian, additional
Published: 2022
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29. Outreach talk: Das Klimasystem

Author: Ziemen, Florian
Subjects: ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATION, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: Talk given at student orientation week.
Published: 2021
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30. The ICON Earth System Model Version 1.0

Author: Jungclaus, Johann H, primary, Lorenz, Stephan J., additional, Schmidt, Hauke, additional, Gutjahr, Oliver, additional, Haak, Helmuth, additional, Mehlmann, Carolin, additional, Mikolajewicz, Uwe, additional, Notz, Dirk, additional, Putrashan, Dian, additional, von Storch, Jin-Song, additional, Leonidas, Linardakis, additional, Brokvin, Victor, additional, Chegini, Fatemeh, additional, Gayler, Veronika, additional, Giorgetta, Marco A., additional, Hagemann, Stefan, additional, Ilyina, Tatiana, additional, Korn, Peter, additional, Kröger, Jürgen, additional, Müller, Wolfgang A., additional, Pohlmann, Holger, additional, Raddatz, Thomas Jürgen, additional, Ramme, Lennart, additional, Christian, Reick H., additional, Schneck, Rainer, additional, Schnur, Reiner, additional, Stevens, Bjorn, additional, Ziemen, Florian Andreas, additional, Claussen, Martin, additional, Marotzke, Jochem, additional, Wachsmann, Fabian, additional, Schupfner, Martin, additional, Riddick, Thomas, additional, Wieners, Karl-Hermann, additional, Brueggemann, Nils, additional, Redler, Rene, additional, de Vrese, Philipp, additional, Nabel, Julia Esther Marlene Sophia, additional, Sam, Teffy, additional, and Hanke, Moritz, additional
Published: 2021
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31. EUREC<sup>4</sup>A

Author: Stevens, Bjorn, primary, Bony, Sandrine, additional, Farrell, David, additional, Ament, Felix, additional, Blyth, Alan, additional, Fairall, Christopher, additional, Karstensen, Johannes, additional, Quinn, Patricia K., additional, Speich, Sabrina, additional, Acquistapace, Claudia, additional, Aemisegger, Franziska, additional, Albright, Anna Lea, additional, Bellenger, Hugo, additional, Bodenschatz, Eberhard, additional, Caesar, Kathy-Ann, additional, Chewitt-Lucas, Rebecca, additional, de Boer, Gijs, additional, Delanoë, Julien, additional, Denby, Leif, additional, Ewald, Florian, additional, Fildier, Benjamin, additional, Forde, Marvin, additional, George, Geet, additional, Gross, Silke, additional, Hagen, Martin, additional, Hausold, Andrea, additional, Heywood, Karen J., additional, Hirsch, Lutz, additional, Jacob, Marek, additional, Jansen, Friedhelm, additional, Kinne, Stefan, additional, Klocke, Daniel, additional, Kölling, Tobias, additional, Konow, Heike, additional, Lothon, Marie, additional, Mohr, Wiebke, additional, Naumann, Ann Kristin, additional, Nuijens, Louise, additional, Olivier, Léa, additional, Pincus, Robert, additional, Pöhlker, Mira, additional, Reverdin, Gilles, additional, Roberts, Gregory, additional, Schnitt, Sabrina, additional, Schulz, Hauke, additional, Siebesma, A. Pier, additional, Stephan, Claudia Christine, additional, Sullivan, Peter, additional, Touzé-Peiffer, Ludovic, additional, Vial, Jessica, additional, Vogel, Raphaela, additional, Zuidema, Paquita, additional, Alexander, Nicola, additional, Alves, Lyndon, additional, Arixi, Sophian, additional, Asmath, Hamish, additional, Bagheri, Gholamhossein, additional, Baier, Katharina, additional, Bailey, Adriana, additional, Baranowski, Dariusz, additional, Baron, Alexandre, additional, Barrau, Sébastien, additional, Barrett, Paul A., additional, Batier, Frédéric, additional, Behrendt, Andreas, additional, Bendinger, Arne, additional, Beucher, Florent, additional, Bigorre, Sebastien, additional, Blades, Edmund, additional, Blossey, Peter, additional, Bock, Olivier, additional, Böing, Steven, additional, Bosser, Pierre, additional, Bourras, Denis, additional, Bouruet-Aubertot, Pascale, additional, Bower, Keith, additional, Branellec, Pierre, additional, Branger, Hubert, additional, Brennek, Michal, additional, Brewer, Alan, additional, Brilouet, Pierre-Etienne, additional, Brügmann, Björn, additional, Buehler, Stefan A., additional, Burke, Elmo, additional, Burton, Ralph, additional, Calmer, Radiance, additional, Canonici, Jean-Christophe, additional, Carton, Xavier, additional, Cato Jr., Gregory, additional, Charles, Jude Andre, additional, Chazette, Patrick, additional, Chen, Yanxu, additional, Chilinski, Michal T., additional, Choularton, Thomas, additional, Chuang, Patrick, additional, Clarke, Shamal, additional, Coe, Hugh, additional, Cornet, Céline, additional, Coutris, Pierre, additional, Couvreux, Fleur, additional, Crewell, Susanne, additional, Cronin, Timothy, additional, Cui, Zhiqiang, additional, Cuypers, Yannis, additional, Daley, Alton, additional, Damerell, Gillian M., additional, Dauhut, Thibaut, additional, Deneke, Hartwig, additional, Desbios, Jean-Philippe, additional, Dörner, Steffen, additional, Donner, Sebastian, additional, Douet, Vincent, additional, Drushka, Kyla, additional, Dütsch, Marina, additional, Ehrlich, André, additional, Emanuel, Kerry, additional, Emmanouilidis, Alexandros, additional, Etienne, Jean-Claude, additional, Etienne-Leblanc, Sheryl, additional, Faure, Ghislain, additional, Feingold, Graham, additional, Ferrero, Luca, additional, Fix, Andreas, additional, Flamant, Cyrille, additional, Flatau, Piotr Jacek, additional, Foltz, Gregory R., additional, Forster, Linda, additional, Furtuna, Iulian, additional, Gadian, Alan, additional, Galewsky, Joseph, additional, Gallagher, Martin, additional, Gallimore, Peter, additional, Gaston, Cassandra, additional, Gentemann, Chelle, additional, Geyskens, Nicolas, additional, Giez, Andreas, additional, Gollop, John, additional, Gouirand, Isabelle, additional, Gourbeyre, Christophe, additional, de Graaf, Dörte, additional, de Groot, Geiske E., additional, Grosz, Robert, additional, Güttler, Johannes, additional, Gutleben, Manuel, additional, Hall, Kashawn, additional, Harris, George, additional, Helfer, Kevin C., additional, Henze, Dean, additional, Herbert, Calvert, additional, Holanda, Bruna, additional, Ibanez-Landeta, Antonio, additional, Intrieri, Janet, additional, Iyer, Suneil, additional, Julien, Fabrice, additional, Kalesse, Heike, additional, Kazil, Jan, additional, Kellman, Alexander, additional, Kidane, Abiel T., additional, Kirchner, Ulrike, additional, Klingebiel, Marcus, additional, Körner, Mareike, additional, Kremper, Leslie Ann, additional, Kretzschmar, Jan, additional, Krüger, Ovid, additional, Kumala, Wojciech, additional, Kurz, Armin, additional, L'Hégaret, Pierre, additional, Labaste, Matthieu, additional, Lachlan-Cope, Tom, additional, Laing, Arlene, additional, Landschützer, Peter, additional, Lang, Theresa, additional, Lange, Diego, additional, Lange, Ingo, additional, Laplace, Clément, additional, Lavik, Gauke, additional, Laxenaire, Rémi, additional, Le Bihan, Caroline, additional, Leandro, Mason, additional, Lefevre, Nathalie, additional, Lena, Marius, additional, Lenschow, Donald, additional, Li, Qiang, additional, Lloyd, Gary, additional, Los, Sebastian, additional, Losi, Niccolò, additional, Lovell, Oscar, additional, Luneau, Christopher, additional, Makuch, Przemyslaw, additional, Malinowski, Szymon, additional, Manta, Gaston, additional, Marinou, Eleni, additional, Marsden, Nicholas, additional, Masson, Sebastien, additional, Maury, Nicolas, additional, Mayer, Bernhard, additional, Mayers-Als, Margarette, additional, Mazel, Christophe, additional, McGeary, Wayne, additional, McWilliams, James C., additional, Mech, Mario, additional, Mehlmann, Melina, additional, Meroni, Agostino Niyonkuru, additional, Mieslinger, Theresa, additional, Minikin, Andreas, additional, Minnett, Peter, additional, Möller, Gregor, additional, Morfa Avalos, Yanmichel, additional, Muller, Caroline, additional, Musat, Ionela, additional, Napoli, Anna, additional, Neuberger, Almuth, additional, Noisel, Christophe, additional, Noone, David, additional, Nordsiek, Freja, additional, Nowak, Jakub L., additional, Oswald, Lothar, additional, Parker, Douglas J., additional, Peck, Carolyn, additional, Person, Renaud, additional, Philippi, Miriam, additional, Plueddemann, Albert, additional, Pöhlker, Christopher, additional, Pörtge, Veronika, additional, Pöschl, Ulrich, additional, Pologne, Lawrence, additional, Posyniak, Michał, additional, Prange, Marc, additional, Quiñones Meléndez, Estefanía, additional, Radtke, Jule, additional, Ramage, Karim, additional, Reimann, Jens, additional, Renault, Lionel, additional, Reus, Klaus, additional, Reyes, Ashford, additional, Ribbe, Joachim, additional, Ringel, Maximilian, additional, Ritschel, Markus, additional, Rocha, Cesar B., additional, Rochetin, Nicolas, additional, Röttenbacher, Johannes, additional, Rollo, Callum, additional, Royer, Haley, additional, Sadoulet, Pauline, additional, Saffin, Leo, additional, Sandiford, Sanola, additional, Sandu, Irina, additional, Schäfer, Michael, additional, Schemann, Vera, additional, Schirmacher, Imke, additional, Schlenczek, Oliver, additional, Schmidt, Jerome, additional, Schröder, Marcel, additional, Schwarzenboeck, Alfons, additional, Sealy, Andrea, additional, Senff, Christoph J., additional, Serikov, Ilya, additional, Shohan, Samkeyat, additional, Siddle, Elizabeth, additional, Smirnov, Alexander, additional, Späth, Florian, additional, Spooner, Branden, additional, Stolla, M. Katharina, additional, Szkółka, Wojciech, additional, de Szoeke, Simon P., additional, Tarot, Stéphane, additional, Tetoni, Eleni, additional, Thompson, Elizabeth, additional, Thomson, Jim, additional, Tomassini, Lorenzo, additional, Totems, Julien, additional, Ubele, Alma Anna, additional, Villiger, Leonie, additional, von Arx, Jan, additional, Wagner, Thomas, additional, Walther, Andi, additional, Webber, Ben, additional, Wendisch, Manfred, additional, Whitehall, Shanice, additional, Wiltshire, Anton, additional, Wing, Allison A., additional, Wirth, Martin, additional, Wiskandt, Jonathan, additional, Wolf, Kevin, additional, Worbes, Ludwig, additional, Wright, Ethan, additional, Wulfmeyer, Volker, additional, Young, Shanea, additional, Zhang, Chidong, additional, Zhang, Dongxiao, additional, Ziemen, Florian, additional, Zinner, Tobias, additional, and Zöger, Martin, additional
Published: 2021
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32. GrSMBMIP: Intercomparison of the modelled 1980-2012 surface mass balance over the Greenland Ice Sheet

Author: Fettweis, Xavier, Hofer, Stefan, Krebs-Kanzow, Uta, Amory, Charles, Aoki, Teruo, Berends, Constantijn J., Born, Andreas, Box, Jason E., Delhasse, Alison, Fujita, Koji, Gierz, Paul, Goelzer, Heiko, Hanna, Edward, Hashimoto, Akihiro, Huybrechts, Philippe, Kapsch, Marie Luise, King, Michalea D., Kittel, Christoph, Lang, Charlotte, Langen, Peter L., Lenaerts, Jan T.M., Liston, Glen E., Lohmann, Gerrit, Mernild, Sebastian H., Mikolajewicz, Uwe, Modali, Kameswarrao, Mottram, Ruth H., Niwano, Masashi, Noël, Brice, Ryan, Jonathan C., Smith, Amy, Streffing, Jan, Tedesco, Marco, Jan Van De Berg, Willem, Van Den Broeke, Michiel, Van De Wal, Roderik S.W., Van Kampenhout, Leo, Wilton, David, Wouters, Bert, Ziemen, Florian, Zolles, Tobias, Sub Dynamics Meteorology, Proceskunde, Sub Algemeen Marine & Atmospheric Res, and Marine and Atmospheric Research
Subjects: Water Science and Technology, Earth-Surface Processes
Abstract: Observations and models agree that the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) surface mass balance (SMB) has decreased since the end of the 1990s due to an increase in meltwater runoff and that this trend will accelerate in the future. However, large uncertainties remain, partly due to different approaches for modelling the GrIS SMB, which have to weigh physical complexity or low computing time, different spatial and temporal resolutions, different forcing fields, and different ice sheet topographies and extents, which collectively make an inter-comparison difficult. Our GrIS SMB model intercomparison project (GrSMBMIP) aims to refine these uncertainties by intercomparing 13 models of four types which were forced with the same ERA-Interim reanalysis forcing fields, except for two global models. We interpolate all modelled SMB fields onto a common ice sheet mask at 1 km horizontal resolution for the period 1980-2012 and score the outputs against (1) SMB estimates from a combination of gravimetric remote sensing data from GRACE and measured ice discharge; (2) ice cores, snow pits and in situ SMB observations; and (3) remotely sensed bare ice extent from MODerate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). Spatially, the largest spread among models can be found around the margins of the ice sheet, highlighting model deficiencies in an accurate representation of the GrIS ablation zone extent and processes related to surface melt and runoff. Overall, polar regional climate models (RCMs) perform the best compared to observations, in particular for simulating precipitation patterns. However, other simpler and faster models have biases of the same order as RCMs compared with observations and therefore remain useful tools for long-term simulations or coupling with ice sheet models. Finally, it is interesting to note that the ensemble mean of the 13 models produces the best estimate of the present-day SMB relative to observations, suggesting that biases are not systematic among models and that this ensemble estimate can be used as a reference for current climate when carrying out future model developments. However, a higher density of in situ SMB observations is required, especially in the south-east accumulation zone, where the model spread can reach 2 m w.e. yr-1 due to large discrepancies in modelled snowfall accumulation.
Published: 2020

33. Initial Release of ESDM-PAV runtime

Author: Elia, Donatello, Palazzo, Cosimo, Fiore, Sandro, D'Anca, Alessandro, Kunkel, Julian, Röber, Niklas, and Ziemen, Florian
Abstract: This report provides a summary of the development activities carried out for the first software release of the ESDM-PAV runtime in the context of WP5 in the ESiWACE2 project.
Published: 2020
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34. ESiWACE HPC services for Weather and Climate models

Author: Raffin, Erwan, van Werkhoven, Ben, and Ziemen, Florian
Abstract: Poster about the HPC user services provided within the framework of project ESiWACE2, which was presented at the Digital ISC 2020 that took place on June 22 – 25, 2020.
Published: 2020
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35. EUREC4A

Author: Stevens, Bjorn, Bony, Sandrine, Farrell, David, Ament, Felix, Blyth, Alan, Fairall, Christopher, Karstensen, Johannes, Quinn, Patricia K., Speich, Sabrina, Acquistapace, Claudia, Aemisegger, Franziska, Albright, Anna Lea, Bellenger, Hugo, Bodenschatz, Eberhard, Caesar, Kathy-ann, Chewitt-lucas, Rebecca, De Boer, Gijs, Delanoe, Julien, Denby, Leif, Ewald, Florian, Fildier, Benjamin, Forde, Marvin, George, Geet, Gross, Silke, Hagen, Martin, Hausold, Andrea, Heywood, Karen J., Hirsch, Lutz, Jacob, Marek, Jansen, Friedhelm, Kinne, Stefan, Klocke, Daniel, Kolling, Tobias, Konow, Heike, Lothon, Marie, Mohr, Wiebke, Naumann, Ann Kristin, Nuijens, Louise, Olivier, Lea, Pincus, Robert, Pohlker, Mira, Reverdin, Gilles, Roberts, Gregory, Schnitt, Sabrina, Schulz, Hauke, Siebesma, A. Pier, Stephan, Claudia Christine, Sullivan, Peter, Touze-peiffer, Ludovic, Vial, Jessica, Vogel, Raphaela, Zuidema, Paquita, Alexander, Nicola, Alves, Lyndon, Arixi, Sophian, Asmath, Hamish, Bagheri, Gholamhossein, Baier, Katharina, Bailey, Adriana, Baranowski, Dariusz, Baron, Alexandre, Barrau, Sebastien, Barrett, Paul A., Batier, Frederic, Behrendt, Andreas, Bendinger, Arne, Beucher, Florent, Bigorre, Sebastien, Blades, Edmund, Blossey, Peter, Bock, Olivier, Boing, Steven, Bosser, Pierre, Bourras, Denis, Bouruet-aubertot, Pascale, Bower, Keith, Branellec, Pierre, Branger, Hubert, Brennek, Michal, Brewer, Alan, Brilouet, Pierre Etienne, Brugmann, Bjorn, Buehler, Stefan A., Burke, Elmo, Burton, Ralph, Calmer, Radiance, Canonici, Jean-christophe, Carton, Xavier, Cato, Gregory, Jr., Charles, Jude Andre, Chazette, Patrick, Chen, Yanxu, Chilinski, Michal T., Choularton, Thomas, Chuang, Patrick, Clarke, Shamal, Coe, Hugh, Cornet, Celine, Coutris, Pierre, Couvreux, Fleur, Crewell, Susanne, Cronin, Timothy, Cui, Zhiqiang, Cuypers, Yannis, Daley, Alton, Damerell, Gillian M., Dauhut, Thibaut, Deneke, Hartwig, Desbios, Jean-philippe, Dorner, Steffen, Donner, Sebastian, Douet, Vincent, Drushka, Kyla, Dutsch, Marina, Ehrlich, Andre, Emanuel, Kerry, Emmanouilidis, Alexandros, Etienne, Jean-claude, Etienne-leblanc, Sheryl, Faure, Ghislain, Feingold, Graham, Ferrero, Luca, Fix, Andreas, Flamant, Cyrille, Flatau, Piotr Jacek, Foltz, Gregory R., Forster, Linda, Furtuna, Iulian, Gadian, Alan, Galewsky, Joseph, Gallagher, Martin, Gallimore, Peter, Gaston, Cassandra, Gentemann, Chelle, Geyskens, Nicolas, Giez, Andreas, Gollop, John, Gouirand, Isabelle, Gourbeyre, Christophe, De Graaf, Dorte, De Groot, Geiske E., Grosz, Robert, Guttler, Johannes, Gutleben, Manuel, Hall, Kashawn, Harris, George, Helfer, Kevin C., Henze, Dean, Herbert, Calvert, Holanda, Bruna, Ibanez-landeta, Antonio, Intrieri, Janet, Iyer, Suneil, Julien, Fabrice, Kalesse, Heike, Kazil, Jan, Kellman, Alexander, Kidane, Abiel T., Kirchner, Ulrike, Klingebiel, Marcus, Korner, Mareike, Kremper, Leslie Ann, Kretzschmar, Jan, Kruger, Ovid, Kumala, Wojciech, Kurz, Armin, L'Hegaret, Pierre, Labaste, Matthieu, Lachlan-cope, Tom, Laing, Arlene, Landschutzer, Peter, Lang, Theresa, Lange, Diego, Lange, Ingo, Laplace, Clement, Lavik, Gauke, Laxenaire, Remi, Le Bihan, Caroline, Leandro, Mason, Lefevre, Nathalie, Lena, Marius, Lenschow, Donald, Li, Qiang, Lloyd, Gary, Los, Sebastian, Losi, Niccolo, Lovell, Oscar, Luneau, Christopher, Makuch, Przemyslaw, Malinowski, Szymon, Manta, Gaston, Marinou, Eleni, Marsden, Nicholas, Masson, Sebastien, Maury, Nicolas, Mayer, Bernhard, Mayers-als, Margarette, Mazel, Christophe, Mcgeary, Wayne, Mcwilliams, James C., Mech, Mario, Mehlmann, Melina, Meroni, Agostino Niyonkuru, Mieslinger, Theresa, Minikin, Andreas, Minnett, Peter, Moller, Gregor, Avalos, Yanmichel Morfa, Muller, Caroline, Musat, Ionela, Napoli, Anna, Neuberger, Almuth, Noisel, Christophe, Noone, David, Nordsiek, Freja, Nowak, Jakub L., Oswald, Lothar, Parker, Douglas J., Peck, Carolyn, Person, Renaud, Philippi, Miriam, Plueddemann, Albert, Pohlker, Christopher, Portge, Veronika, Poschl, Ulrich, Pologne, Lawrence, Posyniak, Michal, Prange, Marc, Melendez, Estefania Quinones, Radtke, Jule, Ramage, Karim, Reimann, Jens, Renault, Lionel, Reus, Klaus, Reyes, Ashford, Ribbe, Joachim, Ringel, Maximilian, Ritschel, Markus, Rocha, Cesar B., Rochetin, Nicolas, Rottenbacher, Johannes, Rollo, Callum, Royer, Haley, Sadoulet, Pauline, Saffin, Leo, Sandiford, Sanola, Sandu, Irina, Schafer, Michael, Schemann, Vera, Schirmacher, Imke, Schlenczek, Oliver, Schmidt, Jerome, Schroder, Marcel, Schwarzenboeck, Alfons, Sealy, Andrea, Senff, Christoph J., Serikov, Ilya, Shohan, Samkeyat, Siddle, Elizabeth, Smirnov, Alexander, Spath, Florian, Spooner, Branden, Stolla, M. Katharina, Szkolka, Wojciech, De Szoeke, Simon P., Tarot, Stephane, Tetoni, Eleni, Thompson, Elizabeth, Thomson, Jim, Tomassini, Lorenzo, Totems, Julien, Ubele, Alma Anna, Villiger, Leonie, Von Arx, Jan, Wagner, Thomas, Walther, Andi, Webber, Ben, Wendisch, Manfred, Whitehall, Shanice, Wiltshire, Anton, Wing, Allison A., Wirth, Martin, Wiskandt, Jonathan, Wolf, Kevin, Worbes, Ludwig, Wright, Ethan, Wulfmeyer, Volker, Young, Shanea, Zhang, Chidong, Zhang, Dongxiao, Ziemen, Florian, Zinner, Tobias, Zoger, Martin, Stevens, Bjorn, Bony, Sandrine, Farrell, David, Ament, Felix, Blyth, Alan, Fairall, Christopher, Karstensen, Johannes, Quinn, Patricia K., Speich, Sabrina, Acquistapace, Claudia, Aemisegger, Franziska, Albright, Anna Lea, Bellenger, Hugo, Bodenschatz, Eberhard, Caesar, Kathy-ann, Chewitt-lucas, Rebecca, De Boer, Gijs, Delanoe, Julien, Denby, Leif, Ewald, Florian, Fildier, Benjamin, Forde, Marvin, George, Geet, Gross, Silke, Hagen, Martin, Hausold, Andrea, Heywood, Karen J., Hirsch, Lutz, Jacob, Marek, Jansen, Friedhelm, Kinne, Stefan, Klocke, Daniel, Kolling, Tobias, Konow, Heike, Lothon, Marie, Mohr, Wiebke, Naumann, Ann Kristin, Nuijens, Louise, Olivier, Lea, Pincus, Robert, Pohlker, Mira, Reverdin, Gilles, Roberts, Gregory, Schnitt, Sabrina, Schulz, Hauke, Siebesma, A. Pier, Stephan, Claudia Christine, Sullivan, Peter, Touze-peiffer, Ludovic, Vial, Jessica, Vogel, Raphaela, Zuidema, Paquita, Alexander, Nicola, Alves, Lyndon, Arixi, Sophian, Asmath, Hamish, Bagheri, Gholamhossein, Baier, Katharina, Bailey, Adriana, Baranowski, Dariusz, Baron, Alexandre, Barrau, Sebastien, Barrett, Paul A., Batier, Frederic, Behrendt, Andreas, Bendinger, Arne, Beucher, Florent, Bigorre, Sebastien, Blades, Edmund, Blossey, Peter, Bock, Olivier, Boing, Steven, Bosser, Pierre, Bourras, Denis, Bouruet-aubertot, Pascale, Bower, Keith, Branellec, Pierre, Branger, Hubert, Brennek, Michal, Brewer, Alan, Brilouet, Pierre Etienne, Brugmann, Bjorn, Buehler, Stefan A., Burke, Elmo, Burton, Ralph, Calmer, Radiance, Canonici, Jean-christophe, Carton, Xavier, Cato, Gregory, Jr., Charles, Jude Andre, Chazette, Patrick, Chen, Yanxu, Chilinski, Michal T., Choularton, Thomas, Chuang, Patrick, Clarke, Shamal, Coe, Hugh, Cornet, Celine, Coutris, Pierre, Couvreux, Fleur, Crewell, Susanne, Cronin, Timothy, Cui, Zhiqiang, Cuypers, Yannis, Daley, Alton, Damerell, Gillian M., Dauhut, Thibaut, Deneke, Hartwig, Desbios, Jean-philippe, Dorner, Steffen, Donner, Sebastian, Douet, Vincent, Drushka, Kyla, Dutsch, Marina, Ehrlich, Andre, Emanuel, Kerry, Emmanouilidis, Alexandros, Etienne, Jean-claude, Etienne-leblanc, Sheryl, Faure, Ghislain, Feingold, Graham, Ferrero, Luca, Fix, Andreas, Flamant, Cyrille, Flatau, Piotr Jacek, Foltz, Gregory R., Forster, Linda, Furtuna, Iulian, Gadian, Alan, Galewsky, Joseph, Gallagher, Martin, Gallimore, Peter, Gaston, Cassandra, Gentemann, Chelle, Geyskens, Nicolas, Giez, Andreas, Gollop, John, Gouirand, Isabelle, Gourbeyre, Christophe, De Graaf, Dorte, De Groot, Geiske E., Grosz, Robert, Guttler, Johannes, Gutleben, Manuel, Hall, Kashawn, Harris, George, Helfer, Kevin C., Henze, Dean, Herbert, Calvert, Holanda, Bruna, Ibanez-landeta, Antonio, Intrieri, Janet, Iyer, Suneil, Julien, Fabrice, Kalesse, Heike, Kazil, Jan, Kellman, Alexander, Kidane, Abiel T., Kirchner, Ulrike, Klingebiel, Marcus, Korner, Mareike, Kremper, Leslie Ann, Kretzschmar, Jan, Kruger, Ovid, Kumala, Wojciech, Kurz, Armin, L'Hegaret, Pierre, Labaste, Matthieu, Lachlan-cope, Tom, Laing, Arlene, Landschutzer, Peter, Lang, Theresa, Lange, Diego, Lange, Ingo, Laplace, Clement, Lavik, Gauke, Laxenaire, Remi, Le Bihan, Caroline, Leandro, Mason, Lefevre, Nathalie, Lena, Marius, Lenschow, Donald, Li, Qiang, Lloyd, Gary, Los, Sebastian, Losi, Niccolo, Lovell, Oscar, Luneau, Christopher, Makuch, Przemyslaw, Malinowski, Szymon, Manta, Gaston, Marinou, Eleni, Marsden, Nicholas, Masson, Sebastien, Maury, Nicolas, Mayer, Bernhard, Mayers-als, Margarette, Mazel, Christophe, Mcgeary, Wayne, Mcwilliams, James C., Mech, Mario, Mehlmann, Melina, Meroni, Agostino Niyonkuru, Mieslinger, Theresa, Minikin, Andreas, Minnett, Peter, Moller, Gregor, Avalos, Yanmichel Morfa, Muller, Caroline, Musat, Ionela, Napoli, Anna, Neuberger, Almuth, Noisel, Christophe, Noone, David, Nordsiek, Freja, Nowak, Jakub L., Oswald, Lothar, Parker, Douglas J., Peck, Carolyn, Person, Renaud, Philippi, Miriam, Plueddemann, Albert, Pohlker, Christopher, Portge, Veronika, Poschl, Ulrich, Pologne, Lawrence, Posyniak, Michal, Prange, Marc, Melendez, Estefania Quinones, Radtke, Jule, Ramage, Karim, Reimann, Jens, Renault, Lionel, Reus, Klaus, Reyes, Ashford, Ribbe, Joachim, Ringel, Maximilian, Ritschel, Markus, Rocha, Cesar B., Rochetin, Nicolas, Rottenbacher, Johannes, Rollo, Callum, Royer, Haley, Sadoulet, Pauline, Saffin, Leo, Sandiford, Sanola, Sandu, Irina, Schafer, Michael, Schemann, Vera, Schirmacher, Imke, Schlenczek, Oliver, Schmidt, Jerome, Schroder, Marcel, Schwarzenboeck, Alfons, Sealy, Andrea, Senff, Christoph J., Serikov, Ilya, Shohan, Samkeyat, Siddle, Elizabeth, Smirnov, Alexander, Spath, Florian, Spooner, Branden, Stolla, M. Katharina, Szkolka, Wojciech, De Szoeke, Simon P., Tarot, Stephane, Tetoni, Eleni, Thompson, Elizabeth, Thomson, Jim, Tomassini, Lorenzo, Totems, Julien, Ubele, Alma Anna, Villiger, Leonie, Von Arx, Jan, Wagner, Thomas, Walther, Andi, Webber, Ben, Wendisch, Manfred, Whitehall, Shanice, Wiltshire, Anton, Wing, Allison A., Wirth, Martin, Wiskandt, Jonathan, Wolf, Kevin, Worbes, Ludwig, Wright, Ethan, Wulfmeyer, Volker, Young, Shanea, Zhang, Chidong, Zhang, Dongxiao, Ziemen, Florian, Zinner, Tobias, and Zoger, Martin
Abstract: The science guiding the \EURECA campaign and its measurements are presented. \EURECA comprised roughly five weeks of measurements in the downstream winter trades of the North Atlantic — eastward and south-eastward of Barbados. Through its ability to characterize processes operating across a wide range of scales, \EURECA marked a turning point in our ability to observationally study factors influencing clouds in the trades, how they will respond to warming, and their link to other components of the earth system, such as upper-ocean processes or, or the life-cycle of particulate matter. This characterization was made possible by thousands (2500) of sondes distributed to measure circulations on meso (200 km) and larger (500 km) scales, roughly four hundred hours of flight time by four heavily instrumented research aircraft, four global-ocean class research vessels, an advanced ground-based cloud observatory, a flotilla of autonomous or tethered measurement devices operating in the upper ocean (nearly 10000 profiles), lower atmosphere (continuous profiling), and along the air-sea interface, a network of water stable isotopologue measurements, complemented by special programmes of satellite remote sensing and modeling with a new generation of weather/climate models. In addition to providing an outline of the novel measurements and their composition into a unified and coordinated campaign, the six distinct scientific facets that \EURECA explored — from Brazil Ring Current Eddies to turbulence induced clustering of cloud droplets and its influence on warm-rain formation — are presented along with an overview \EURECA’s outreach activities, environmental impact, and guidelines for scientific practice.
Published: 2021
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36. Massive deposition of Sahelian dust on the Canary Island Lanzarote during North Atlantic Heinrich Events

Author: Heinrich, Hartmut, Schmidt, Christoph, Ziemen, Florian, Mikolajewicz, Uwe, Roettig, Christopher-Bastian, Heinrich, Hartmut, Schmidt, Christoph, Ziemen, Florian, Mikolajewicz, Uwe, and Roettig, Christopher-Bastian
Abstract: New IRSL ages of eolianites close to Muñique (Lanzarote) demonstrate the influence of millennial scale climatic variability on the sedimentary dynamics on the Canary Islands during the last glacial cycle. The repetitive succession of interstadial and stadial climatic conditions formed multiple sequences of eolian deposits, each in general comprising three depositional types. DepoType 1 and DepoType 2 consist mainly of marine biogenic carbonate detritus with small amounts of dust from the Sahara representing interstadial conditions. DepoType 2 compared to DepoType 1 is characterized by larger amounts of land snails and calcified brood cells. A DepoType 3 rich in dust from African subtropical/tropical Latisols terminates a sequence. IRSL dating on DepoType 3 type deposits clearly shows that these were deposited during Heinrich Events under stadial conditions. The stadial cooling of the North Atlantic Ocean caused a southern shift of climate zones that culminated during Heinrich Events when the arctic climate reaches its most southerly extent. As a consequence, atmospheric changes led to massive dust supply from the then-dry Sahel. The increase in dust and precipitation from the dry DepoTypes 1 to the more humid DepoTypes 3 originates from a modified atmospheric dynamic during a millennial cycle.
Published: 2021

37. Analysis of the Surface Mass Balance for Deglacial Climate Simulations

Author: Kapsch, Marie-Luise, Mikolajewicz, Uwe, Ziemen, Florian Andreas, Rodehacke, Christian B., Schannwell, Clemens, Kapsch, Marie-Luise, Mikolajewicz, Uwe, Ziemen, Florian Andreas, Rodehacke, Christian B., and Schannwell, Clemens
Abstract: Most studies analyzing changes in the surface mass balance (SMB) of the Greenland ice sheet are limited to the last century, due to the availability of observations and the computational limitations of regional climate modeling. Using transient simulations with a comprehensive Earth System Model (ESM) we extend previous research and study changes in the SMB and equilibrium line altitude (ELA) for deglacial climate conditions. An energy balance model (EBM) is used to downscale atmospheric processes. It determines the SMB on higher spatial resolution and allows to resolve SMB variations due to topographic gradients not resolved by the ESM. An evaluation for historical climate conditions (1980–2010) shows that derived SMBs compare well with SMBs from regional modeling. Throughout the deglaciation changes in insolation dominate the Greenland SMB: 1) The increase in insolation and associated warming early in the deglaciation result in an ELA and SMB increase. The SMB increase is caused by compensating effects of melt and accumulation, as a warmer atmosphere precipitates more. After 13 ka before present (BP) melt begins to dominate and the SMB decreases. 2) The decline in insolation after 9 ka BP leads to an increasing SMB and decreasing ELA. Superimposed on these long-term changes are episodes of significant SMB/ELA decreases, related to slowdowns of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) that lead to cooling over most of the Northern Hemisphere. To study associated changes in the ice sheet geometry, the SMB data set is made available to the ice sheet modeling community.
Published: 2021
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38. Identifying drivers controlling the synchronicity of Heinrich-type ice sheet surges from the European and North American ice sheets

Author: Schannwell, Clemens, primary, Kapsch, Marie-Luise, additional, Mikolajewicz, Uwe, additional, and Ziemen, Florian, additional
Published: 2021
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39. Analysis of the surface mass balance for deglacial climate simulations

Author: Kapsch, Marie-Luise, primary, Mikolajewicz, Uwe, additional, Ziemen, Florian A., additional, Rodehacke, Christian B., additional, and Schannwell, Clemens, additional
Published: 2021
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40. The last deglaciation simulated with a coupled atmosphere/ocean/ice sheet/solid earth model

Author: Mikolajewicz, Uwe, primary, Erokhina, Olga, additional, Kapsch, Marie-Luise, additional, Schannwell, Clemens, additional, and Ziemen, Florian, additional
Published: 2021
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41. The DYAMOND Winter data collection

Author: Duras, Julia, primary, Ziemen, Florian, additional, and Klocke, Daniel, additional
Published: 2021
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42. Massive deposition of Sahelian dust on the Canary Island Lanzarote during North Atlantic Heinrich Events

Author: Heinrich, Hartmut, primary, Schmidt, Christoph, additional, Ziemen, Florian, additional, Mikolajewicz, Uwe, additional, and Roettig, Christopher-Bastian, additional
Published: 2021
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43. Tropical Cyclones in Global Storm-Resolving Models

Author: JUDT, Falko, primary, KLOCKE, Daniel, additional, RIOS-BERRIOS, Rosimar, additional, VANNIERE, Benoit, additional, ZIEMEN, Florian, additional, AUGER, Ludovic, additional, BIERCAMP, Joachim, additional, BRETHERTON, Christopher, additional, CHEN, Xi, additional, DÜBEN, Peter, additional, HOHENEGGER, Cathy, additional, KHAIROUTDINOV, Marat, additional, KODAMA, Chihiro, additional, KORNBLUEH, Luis, additional, LIN, Shian-Jiann, additional, NAKANO, Masuo, additional, NEUMANN, Philipp, additional, PUTMAN, William, additional, RÖBER, Niklas, additional, ROBERTS, Malcolm, additional, SATOH, Masaki, additional, SHIBUYA, Ryosuke, additional, STEVENS, Bjorn, additional, VIDALE, Pier Luigi, additional, WEDI, Nils, additional, and ZHOU, Linjiong, additional
Published: 2021
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44. EUREC4A

Author: Stevens, Bjorn, primary, Bony, Sandrine, additional, Farrell, David, additional, Ament, Felix, additional, Blyth, Alan M., additional, Fairall, Christopher W., additional, Karstensen, Johannes, additional, Quinn, Patricia K., additional, Speich, Sabrina, additional, Acquistapace, Claudia, additional, Aemisegger, Franziska, additional, Albright, Anna Lea, additional, Bellenger, Hugo, additional, Bodenschatz, Eberhard, additional, Caesar, Kathy-Ann, additional, Chewitt-Lucas, Rebecca, additional, de Boer, Gijs, additional, Delanoë, Julien, additional, Denby, Leif Christopher, additional, Ewald, Florian, additional, Fildier, Benjamin, additional, Forde, Marvin, additional, George, Geet, additional, Gross, Silke, additional, Hagen, Martin, additional, Hausold, Andrea, additional, Heywood, Karen J., additional, Hirsch, Lutz, additional, Jacob, Marek, additional, Jansen, Friedhelm, additional, Kinne, Stefan, additional, Klocke, Daniel, additional, Kölling, Tobias, additional, Konow, Heike, additional, Lothon, Marie, additional, Mohr, Wiebke, additional, Naumann, Ann Kristin, additional, Nuijens, Louise, additional, Olivier, Léa, additional, Pincus, Robert, additional, Pöhlker, Mira L., additional, Reverdin, Gilles, additional, Roberts, Gregory, additional, Schnitt, Sabrina, additional, Schulz, Hauke, additional, Siebesma, Pier, additional, Stephan, Claudia Christine, additional, Sullivan, Peter P, additional, Touzé-Peiffer, Ludovic, additional, Vial, Jessica, additional, Vogel, Raphaela, additional, Zuidema, Paquita, additional, Alexander, Nicola, additional, Alves, Lyndon, additional, Arixi, Sophian, additional, Asmath, Hamish, additional, Bagheri, Gholamhossein, additional, Baier, Katharina, additional, Bailey, Adriana, additional, Baranowski, Dariusz B., additional, Baron, Alexandre, additional, Barrau, Sébastien, additional, Barrett, Paul Alan, additional, Batier, Frédéric, additional, Behrendt, Andreas, additional, Bendinger, Arne, additional, Beucher, Florent, additional, Bigorre, Sebastien, additional, Blades, Edmund, additional, Bock, Olivier, additional, Boeing, Steven J, additional, Bosser, Pierre, additional, Bourras, Denis, additional, Bouruet-Aubertot, Pascale, additional, Bower, Keith, additional, Branellec, Pierre, additional, Branger, Hubert, additional, Brennek, Michal, additional, Brewer, Alan, additional, Brilouet, Pierre-Etienne, additional, Brügmann, Björn, additional, Buehler, Stefan Alexander, additional, Burke, Elmo, additional, Burton, Ralph, additional, Calmer, Radiance, additional, Canonici, Jean-Christophe, additional, Carton, Xavier J., additional, Cato, Gregory, additional, Charles, Jude Andre, additional, Chazette, Patrick, additional, Chen, Yanxu, additional, Chiliński, Michał T, additional, Choularton, Tom, additional, Chuang, Patrick Y., additional, Clarke, Shamal, additional, Coe, Hugh, additional, Cornet, Céline, additional, Coutris, Pierre, additional, Couvreux, Fleur, additional, Crewell, Susanne, additional, Cronin, Timothy Wallace, additional, Cui, Zhiqiang, additional, Cuypers, Yannis, additional, Daley, Alton, additional, Damerell, Gillian Mary, additional, Dauhut, Thibaut, additional, Deneke, Hartwig M, additional, Desbios, Jean-Philippe, additional, Dörner, Steffen, additional, Donner, Sebastian, additional, Douet, Vincent, additional, Drushka, Kyla, additional, Dütsch, Marina, additional, Ehrlich, André, additional, Emanual, Kerry, additional, Emmanouilidis, Alexandros, additional, Etienne, Jean-Claude, additional, Etienne-Leblanc, Sheryl, additional, Faure, Ghislain, additional, Feingold, Graham, additional, Ferrero, Luca, additional, Fix, Andreas, additional, Flamant, Cyrille, additional, Flatau, Piotr J., additional, Foltz, Gregory R., additional, Forster, Linda, additional, Furtuna, Iulian, additional, Gadian, Alan, additional, Galewsky, Joseph, additional, Gallagher, Martin, additional, Gallimore, Peter, additional, Gaston, Cassandra J., additional, Gentemann, Chelle, additional, Geyskens, Nicolas, additional, Giez, Andreas, additional, Gollop, John, additional, Gouirand, Isabelle, additional, Gourbeyre, Christophe, additional, de Graaf, Dörte, additional, de Groot, Geiske E., additional, Grosz, Robert, additional, Güttler, Johannes, additional, Gutleben, Manuel, additional, Hall, Kashawn, additional, Harris, George, additional, Helfer, Kevin Christopher, additional, Henze, Dean, additional, Herbert, Calvert, additional, Holanda, Bruna, additional, Ibanez-Landeta, Antonio, additional, Intrieri, Janet M., additional, Iyer, Suneil, additional, Julien, Fabrice, additional, Kalesse, Heike, additional, Kazil, Jan, additional, Kellman, Alexander, additional, Kidane, Abiel T., additional, Kirchner, Ulrike, additional, Klingebiel, Marcus, additional, Körner, Mareike, additional, Kremper, Leslie Ann, additional, Kretzschmar, Jan, additional, Krüger, Ovid, additional, Kumala, Wojciech, additional, Kurz, Armin, additional, L'Hégaret, Pierre, additional, Labaste, Matthieu, additional, Lachlan-Cope, Tom A., additional, Laing, Arlene, additional, Landschützer, Peter, additional, Lang, Theresa, additional, Lange Vega, Diego, additional, Lange, Ingo, additional, Laplace, Clément, additional, Lavik, Gaute, additional, LAXENAIRE, Rémi, additional, Le Bihan, Caroline, additional, Leandro, Mason, additional, Lefèvre, Nathalie, additional, Lena, Marius, additional, Leschow, Donald, additional, Li, Qiang, additional, Lloyd, Gary, additional, Los, Sebastian, additional, Losi, Niccolò, additional, Lovell, Oscar, additional, Luneau, Christopher, additional, Makuch, Przemysław, additional, Malinowski, Szymon P, additional, Manta, Gaston, additional, Marinou, Eleni, additional, Marsden, Nicholas, additional, Masson, Sebastien, additional, Maury, Nicolas, additional, Mayer, Bernhard, additional, Mayers-Als, Margarette, additional, Mazel, Christophe, additional, McGeary, Wayne, additional, McWilliams, James C., additional, Mech, Mario, additional, Mehlmann, Melina, additional, Meroni, Agostino Niyonkuru, additional, Mieslinger, Theresa, additional, Minikin, Andreas, additional, Minnett, Peter, additional, Möller, Gregor, additional, Morfa Avalos, Yanmichel, additional, Muller, Caroline, additional, Musat, Ionela, additional, Napoli, Anna, additional, Neuberger, Almuth, additional, Noisel, Christophe, additional, Noone, David C, additional, Nordsiek, Freja, additional, Nowak, Jakub L, additional, Oswald, Lothar, additional, Parker, Douglas J., additional, Peck, Carolyn, additional, Person, Renaud, additional, Philippi, Miriam, additional, Plueddemann, Albert J., additional, Pöhlker, Christopher, additional, Pörtge, Veronika, additional, Pöschl, Ulrich, additional, Pologne, Lawrence, additional, Posyniak, Michal, additional, Prange, Marc, additional, Quiñones Meléndez, Estefanía, additional, Radtke, Jule, additional, Ramage, Karim, additional, Reimann, Jens, additional, Renault, Lionel, additional, Reus, Klaus, additional, Reyes, Ashford, additional, Ribbe, Joachim, additional, Ringel, Maximilian, additional, Ritschel, Markus, additional, Rocha, Cesar Barbedo, additional, Rochetin, Nicolas, additional, Röttenbacher, Johannes, additional, Rollo, Callum, additional, Royer, Haley, additional, Sadoulet, Pauline, additional, Saffin, Leo, additional, Sandiford, Sanola, additional, Sandu, Irina, additional, Schäfer, Michael, additional, Schemann, Vera, additional, Schirmacher, Imke, additional, Schlenczek, Oliver, additional, Schmidt, Jerome, additional, Schröder, Marcel, additional, Schwarzenboeck, Alfons, additional, Sealy, Andrea, additional, Senff, Christoph J, additional, Serikov, Ilya, additional, Shohan, Samkeyat, additional, Siddle, Elizabeth, additional, Smirnov, Alexander, additional, Späth, Florian, additional, Spooner, Branden, additional, Stolla, M. Katharina, additional, Szkółka, Wojciech, additional, de Szoeke, Simon P., additional, Tarot, Stéphane, additional, Tetoni, Eleni, additional, Thompson, Elizabeth J, additional, Thomson, Jim, additional, Tomassini, Lorenzo, additional, Totems, Julien, additional, Ubele, Alma Anna, additional, Villiger, Leonie, additional, von Arx, Jan, additional, Wagner, Thomas, additional, Walther, Andi, additional, Webber, Benjamin G. M., additional, Wendisch, Manfred, additional, Whitehall, Shanice, additional, Wiltshire, Anton, additional, Wing, Allison A., additional, Wirth, Martin, additional, Wiskandt, Jonathan, additional, Wolf, Kevin, additional, Worbes, Ludwig, additional, Wright, Ethan, additional, Wulfmeyer, Volker, additional, Young, Shanea, additional, Zhang, Chidong, additional, Zhang, Dongxiao, additional, Ziemen, Florian, additional, Zinner, Tobias, additional, and Zöger, Martin, additional
Published: 2020
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45. Analysis of the Surface Mass Balance for Deglacial Climate Simulations

Author: Kapsch, Marie-Luise, primary, Mikolajewicz, Uwe, additional, Ziemen, Florian Andreas, additional, Rodehacke, Christian B., additional, and Schannwell, Clemens, additional
Published: 2020
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46. Visualization of high-resolution climate model output in a Visualization dome

Author: Ziemen, Florian, primary, Röber, Niklas, additional, Spickermann, Dela, additional, and Böttinger, Michael, additional
Published: 2020
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47. Sensitivity of Heinrich-type ice-sheet surge characteristics to boundary forcing perturbations.

Author: Schannwell, Clemens, Mikolajewicz, Uwe, Ziemen, Florian, and Kapsch, Marie-Luise
Subjects: ICE sheets, OCEAN circulation, MASS budget (Geophysics), GLACIAL melting, CLIMATE change
Abstract: Heinrich-type ice-sheet surges are one of the dominant signals of glacial climate variability. They are characterised as abrupt, quasi-periodic episodes of ice-sheet instabilities during which large amounts of ice are discharged from ice sheets into the ocean. The occurence of ice-sheet surges strongly influences the global climate evolution by altering the ocean circulation through the addition of freshwater and the atmospheric circulation through changes in ice-sheet height. The mechanisms controlling the timing and occurence of Heinrich-type ice-sheet surges remain poorly constrained to this day. Here, we use a coupled ice sheet-solid earth model to identify and quantify the importance of boundary forcing for the surge cycle length of Heinrich-type ice-sheet surges for two prominent ice streams of the Laurentide ice sheet - the land-terminating Mackenzie ice stream and the marine-terminating Hudson ice stream. We show that surface mass balance perturbations have the largest effect on the surge cycle length. Pertubations to the ice surface temperature and geothermal heatflux also influence the surge cycle length, but to a lesser degree. Ocean and sea-level forcing as well as different frequencies of the same forcing have a negligible effect on the surge cycle length. The simulations also highlight that only a certain parameter space exists under which ice-sheet oscillations can be maintained. Transitioning from an oscillatory state to a persistent ice streaming state, can result in an ice volume loss of up to 26% for the respective ice stream drainage basin under otherwise constant climate conditions. We show that Mackenzie ice stream is susceptible to undergoing such a transition in response to all tested positive climate perturbations. This underlines the potential of the Mackenzie region to have contributed to prominent abrupt climate change events of the last deglaciation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

48. Target configuration for coupled systems (ICON-ESM, ECMWF, EC-Earth, IPSL-CM) (MS1.1)

Author: Düben, Peter, Serradell, Kim, Ziemen, Florian Andreas, Biercamp, Joachim, Dubos, Thomas, Wedi, Nils, Budich, Reinhard, and Fladrich, Uwe
Subjects: Climate Modelling, HPC, ESiWACE2, ESiWACE
Abstract: ESiWACE2 will push resolution towards unprecedented levels for coupled simulations in production mode that show a performance that would allow operational weather and climate predictions (at least 1 SYPD) with realistic model output with a resolution that is as high as possible. Four coupled models have been chosen for this exercise. The model configurations that are developed within WP1 of ESiWACE2 will be ported to the European pre-exascale EuroHPC systems planned for 2021. The scaling behaviour of the models will be diagnosed and documented. To achieve this goal towards Deliverable D1.1 and D1.3, this Milestone is specifying the model configurations that will be used for the four models that will be run in production mode. Three of the models are aiming for the model output requirements of the 2nd phase of the DYAMOND intercomparison to define a realistic model output for production simulations. https://www.esiwace.eu/services/dyamond/dyamond-2nd-phase-the-winter-experimental-protocol/view
Published: 2020
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49. Analysis of the Surface Mass Balance for Deglacial Climate Simulations

Author: Kapsch, Marie-Luise, Mikolajewicz, Uwe, Ziemen, Florian Andreas, Rodehacke, Christian B., Schannwell, Clemens, Kapsch, Marie-Luise, Mikolajewicz, Uwe, Ziemen, Florian Andreas, Rodehacke, Christian B., and Schannwell, Clemens
Abstract: Most studies analyzing changes in the surface mass balance (SMB) of the Greenland ice sheet are limited to the last century, due to the availability of observations and the computational limitations of regional climate modeling. Using transient simulations with a comprehensive Earth System Model (ESM) we extend previous research and study changes in the SMB and equilibrium line altitude (ELA) for deglacial climate conditions. An energy balance model (EBM) is used to downscale atmospheric processes. It determines the SMB on higher spatial resolution and allows to resolve SMB variations due to topographic gradients not resolved by the ESM. An evaluation for historical climate conditions (1980–2010) shows that derived SMBs compare well with SMBs from regional modeling. Throughout the deglaciation changes in insolation dominate the Greenland SMB: 1) The increase in insolation and associated warming early in the deglaciation result in an ELA and SMB increase. The SMB increase is caused by compensating effects of melt and accumulation, as a warmer atmosphere precipitates more. After 13 ka before present (BP) melt begins to dominate and the SMB decreases. 2) The decline in insolation after 9 ka BP leads to an increasing SMB and decreasing ELA. Superimposed on these long-term changes are episodes of significant SMB/ELA decreases, related to slowdowns of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) that lead to cooling over most of the Northern Hemisphere. To study associated changes in the ice sheet geometry, the SMB data set is made available to the ice sheet modeling community.
Published: 2020

50. GrSMBMIP: Intercomparison of the modelled 1980-2012 surface mass balance over the Greenland Ice Sheet

Author: Sub Dynamics Meteorology, Proceskunde, Sub Algemeen Marine & Atmospheric Res, Marine and Atmospheric Research, Fettweis, Xavier, Hofer, Stefan, Krebs-Kanzow, Uta, Amory, Charles, Aoki, Teruo, Berends, Constantijn J., Born, Andreas, Box, Jason E., Delhasse, Alison, Fujita, Koji, Gierz, Paul, Goelzer, Heiko, Hanna, Edward, Hashimoto, Akihiro, Huybrechts, Philippe, Kapsch, Marie Luise, King, Michalea D., Kittel, Christoph, Lang, Charlotte, Langen, Peter L., Lenaerts, Jan T.M., Liston, Glen E., Lohmann, Gerrit, Mernild, Sebastian H., Mikolajewicz, Uwe, Modali, Kameswarrao, Mottram, Ruth H., Niwano, Masashi, Noël, Brice, Ryan, Jonathan C., Smith, Amy, Streffing, Jan, Tedesco, Marco, Jan Van De Berg, Willem, Van Den Broeke, Michiel, Van De Wal, Roderik S.W., Van Kampenhout, Leo, Wilton, David, Wouters, Bert, Ziemen, Florian, Zolles, Tobias, Sub Dynamics Meteorology, Proceskunde, Sub Algemeen Marine & Atmospheric Res, Marine and Atmospheric Research, Fettweis, Xavier, Hofer, Stefan, Krebs-Kanzow, Uta, Amory, Charles, Aoki, Teruo, Berends, Constantijn J., Born, Andreas, Box, Jason E., Delhasse, Alison, Fujita, Koji, Gierz, Paul, Goelzer, Heiko, Hanna, Edward, Hashimoto, Akihiro, Huybrechts, Philippe, Kapsch, Marie Luise, King, Michalea D., Kittel, Christoph, Lang, Charlotte, Langen, Peter L., Lenaerts, Jan T.M., Liston, Glen E., Lohmann, Gerrit, Mernild, Sebastian H., Mikolajewicz, Uwe, Modali, Kameswarrao, Mottram, Ruth H., Niwano, Masashi, Noël, Brice, Ryan, Jonathan C., Smith, Amy, Streffing, Jan, Tedesco, Marco, Jan Van De Berg, Willem, Van Den Broeke, Michiel, Van De Wal, Roderik S.W., Van Kampenhout, Leo, Wilton, David, Wouters, Bert, Ziemen, Florian, and Zolles, Tobias
Published: 2020

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