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1. The VLT/ERIS vortex coronagraph: design, pointing control, and on-sky performance

Author: de Xivry, Gilles Orban, Absil, Olivier, De Rosa, Robert J., Bonse, Markus J., Dannert, Felix, Hayoz, Jean, Grani, Paolo, Puglisi, Alfio, Baruffolo, Andrea, Salasnich, Bernardo, Davies, Ric, Glauser, Adrian M., Huby, Elsa, Kenworthy, Matthew, Quanz, Sascha P., Taylor, William, and Zins, Gérard
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: The Enhanced Resolution Imager and Spectrograph (ERIS) is the new near-infrared instrument at the VLT-UT4. ERIS replaces and extends the observational capabilities formerly provided by SINFONI and NACO: integral field spectroscopy at 1 - 2.5 $\mu$m, imaging at 1 - 5 $\mu$m with several options for high-contrast imaging, and long-slit spectroscopy. In particular, a vortex coronagraph is now available for high contrast observations at L and M band. It is implemented using annular groove (or vortex) phase masks (one for each of the L and M bands) in a focal plane, and a Lyot stop in a downstream pupil plane. The vortex coronagraph has a discovery space starting already at $\sim$1$\lambda/D$, and works well in broadbands. However, to reach its optimal performance, it is critical to correct for slow pointing errors onto the vortex phase mask, which mandates a dedicated pointing control strategy. To do so, a control loop based on the QACITS algorithm has been developed and commissioned for ERIS. Good pointing stability is now regularly achieved with errors between 0.01 and 0.02 $\lambda/D$ and a correction rate of 0.2 Hz. In this contribution, we first review the design of the ERIS vortex coronagraph. We then detail the implementation of the QACITS algorithm describing the entire observing sequence, including the calibration steps, the initial centering, and the stabilization during the observing template. We then discuss performance based on commissioning data in terms of pointing accuracy and stability. Finally, we present post-processed contrast curves obtained during commissioning and compare them with NACO vortex data, showing a significant improvement of about 1 mag at all separations., Comment: 15 pages, 13 figures, paper presented at SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation 2024
Published: 2024

2. NIRPS first light and early science: breaking the 1 m/s RV precision barrier at infrared wavelengths

Author: Artigau, Étienne, Bouchy, François, Doyon, René, Baron, Frédérique, Malo, Lison, Wildi, François, Pepe, Franceso, Cook, Neil J., Thibault, Simon, Reshetov, Vladimir, Dumusque, Xavier, Lovis, Christophe, Sosnowska, Danuta, Martins, Bruno L. Canto, De Medeiros, Jose Renan, Delfosse, Xavier, Santos, Nuno, Rebolo, Rafael, Abreu, Manuel, Allain, Guillaume, Allart, Romain, Auger, Hugues, Barros, Susana, Bazinet, Luc, Blind, Nicolas, Boisse, Isabelle, Bonfils, Xavier, Bourrier, Vincent, Bovay, Sébastien, Broeg, Christopher, Brousseau, Denis, Bruniquel, Vincent, Cabral, Alexandre, Cadieux, Charles, Carmona, Andres, Carteret, Yann, Challita, Zalpha, Chazelas, Bruno, Cloutier, Ryan, Coelho, João, Cointepas, Marion, Conod, Uriel, Cowan, Nicolas, Cristo, Eduardo, da Silva, João Gomes, Dauplaise, Laurie, Gomes, Roseane de Lima, Delgado-Mena, Elisa, Ehrenreich, David, Faria, João, Figueira, Pedro, Forveille, Thierry, Frensch, Yolanda, Gagné, Jonathan, Genest, Frédéric, Genolet, Ludovic, Hernández, Jonay I. González, Témich, Félix Gracia, Grieves, Nolan, Hernandez, Olivier, Hobson, Melissa J., Hoeijmakers, Jens, Kerley, Dan, Krishnamurthy, Vigneshwaran, Lafrenière, David, Lamontagne, Pierrot, Larue, Pierre, Leaf, Henry, Leão, Izan C., Lim, Olivia, Curto, Gaspare Lo, Martins, Allan M., Melo, Claudio, Messias, Yuri S., Mignon, Lucile, Moranta, Leslie, Mordasini, Christoph, Moulla, Khaled Al, Mounzer, Dany, L'Heureux, Alexandrine, Nari, Nicola, Nielsen, Louise, Osborn, Ares, Parc, Léna, Pasquini, Luca, Passegger, Vera M., Pelletier, Stefan, Peroux, Céline, Piaulet, Caroline, Plotnykov, Mykhaylo, Poulin-Girard, Anne-Sophie, Rasilla, José Luis, Saint-Antoine, Jonathan, Sarajlic, Mirsad, Segovia, Alex, Seidel, Julia, Ségransan, Damien, Silva, Ana Rita Costa, Srivastava, Avidaan, Stefanov, Atanas K., Mascareño, Alejandro Suárez, Sordet, Michael, Teixeira, Márcio A., Udry, Stéphane, Valencia, Diana, Vallée, Philippe, Vandal, Thomas, Vaulato, Valentina, Wade, Gregg, Wardenier, Joost P., Wehbé, Bachar, Weisserman, Drew, Wevers, Ivan, and Zins, Gérard
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: The Near-InfraRed Planet Searcher or NIRPS is a precision radial velocity spectrograph developed through collaborative efforts among laboratories in Switzerland, Canada, Brazil, France, Portugal and Spain. NIRPS extends to the 0.98-1.8 $\mu$m domain of the pioneering HARPS instrument at the La Silla 3.6-m telescope in Chile and it has achieved unparalleled precision, measuring stellar radial velocities in the infrared with accuracy better than 1 m/s. NIRPS can be used either stand-alone or simultaneously with HARPS. Commissioned in late 2022 and early 2023, NIRPS embarked on a 5-year Guaranteed Time Observation (GTO) program in April 2023, spanning 720 observing nights. This program focuses on planetary systems around M dwarfs, encompassing both the immediate solar vicinity and transit follow-ups, alongside transit and emission spectroscopy observations. We highlight NIRPS's current performances and the insights gained during its deployment at the telescope. The lessons learned and successes achieved contribute to the ongoing advancement of precision radial velocity measurements and high spectral fidelity, further solidifying NIRPS' role in the forefront of the field of exoplanets., Comment: Proceeding at the SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation conference [Yokohama,Japan; June 2024]
Published: 2024

3. The beta Pictoris system: Setting constraints on the planet and the disk structures at mid-IR wavelengths with NEAR

Author: Skaf, Nour, Boccaletti, Anthony, Pantin, Eric, Thebault, Philippe, Kral, Quentin, Danielski, Camilla, Galicher, Raphael, Milli, Julien, Lagrange, Anne-Marie, Baruteau, Clement, Kenworthy, Matthew, Absil, Olivier, Langlois, Maud, Olofsson, Johan, Chauvin, Gael, Huelamo, Nuria, Delorme, Philippe, Charnay, Benjamin, Guyon, Olivier, Bonnefoy, Michael, Cantalloube, Faustine, Hoeijmakers, H. Jens, Käufl, Ulli, Kasper, Markus, Maire, Anne-Lise, Mâlin, Mathilde, Siebenmorgen, Ralf, Snellen, Ignas, and Zins, Gerard
Subjects: Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: [abridged] We analyzed mid-infrared high-contrast coronagraphic images of the beta Pictoris system, taking advantage of the NEAR experiment using the VLT/VISIR instrument. The goal of our analysis is to investigate both the detection of the planet beta Pictoris b and of the disk features at mid-IR wavelengths. In addition, by combining several epochs of observation, we expect to constrain the position of the known clumps and improve our knowledge on the dynamics of the disk. To evaluate the planet b flux contribution, we extracted the photometry and compared it to the flux published in the literature. In addition, we used previous data from T-ReCS and VISIR, to study the evolution of the position of the southwest clump that was initially observed in the planetary disk back in 2003. While we did not detect the planet b, we were able to put constraints on the presence of circumplanetary material, ruling out the equivalent of a Saturn-like planetary ring around the planet. The disk presents several noticeable structures, including the known southwest clump. Using a 16-year baseline, sampled with five epochs of observations, we were able to examine the evolution of the clump: the clump orbits in a Keplerian motion with an sma of 56.1+-0.4 au. In addition to the known clump, the images clearly show the presence of a second clump on the northeast side of the disk and fainter and closer structures that are yet to be confirmed. We found correlations between the CO clumps detected with ALMA and the mid-IR images. If the circumplanetary material were located at the Roche radius, the maximum amount of dust determined from the flux upper limit around beta Pictoris b would correspond to the mass of an asteroid of 5 km in diameter. Finally, the Keplerian motion of the southwestern clump is possibly indicative of a yet-to-be-detected planet or signals the presence of a vortex., Comment: Accepted in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Published: 2023
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4. The GRAVITY+ Project: Towards All-sky, Faint-Science, High-Contrast Near-Infrared Interferometry at the VLTI

Author: Collaboration, GRAVITY, Abuter, Roberto, Alarcon, Patricio, Allouche, Fatme, Amorim, Antonio, Bailet, Christophe, Bedigan, Helen, Berdeu, Anthony, Berger, Jean-Philippe, Berio, Philippe, Bigioli, Azzurra, Blaho, Richard, Boebion, Olivier, Bolzer, Marie-Lena, Bonnet, Henri, Bourdarot, Guillaume, Bourget, Pierre, Brandner, Wolfgang, Cardenas, Cesar, Conzelmann, Ralf, Comin, Mauro, Clénet, Yann, Courtney-Barrer, Benjamin, Dallilar, Yigit, Davies, Ric, Defrère, Denis, Delboulbé, Alain, Delplancke-Ströbele, Françoise, Dembet, Roderick, de Zeeuw, Tim, Drescher, Antonia, Eckart, Andreas, Édouard, Clemence, Eisenhauer, Frank, Fabricius, Maximilian, Feuchtgruber, Helmut, Finger, Gert, Schreiber, Natascha M. Förster, Fuenteseca, Eloy, Garcia, Enrique, Garcia, Paulo, Gao, Feng, Gendron, Eric, Genzel, Reinhard, Gil, Juan Pablo, Gillessen, Stefan, Gomes, Tiago, Gonté, Frédéric, Gouvret, Carole, Guajardo, Patricia, Guidolin, Ivan, Guieu, Sylvain, Guzmann, Ronald, Hackenberg, Wolfgang, Haddad, Nicolas, Hartl, Michael, Haubois, Xavier, Haußmann, Frank, Heißel, Gernot, Henning, Thomas, Hippler, Stefan, Hönig, Sebastian, Horrobin, Matthew, Hubin, Norbert, Jacqmart, Estelle, Jocou, Laurent, Kaufer, Andreas, Kervella, Pierre, Kirchbauer, Jean-Paul, Kolb, Johan, Korhonen, Heidi, Kreidberg, Laura, Krempl, Peter, Lacour, Sylvestre, Lagarde, Stephane, Lai, Olivier, Lapeyrère, Vincent, Laugier, Romain, Bouquin, Jean-Baptiste Le, Leftley, James, Léna, Pierre, Lewis, Steffan, Lutz, Dieter, Magnard, Yves, Mang, Felix, Marcotto, Aurelie, Maurel, Didier, Mérand, Antoine, Millour, Florentin, More, Nikhil, Nowack, Hugo, Nowak, Matthias, Oberti, Sylvain, Olivares, Francisco, Ott, Thomas, Pallanca, Laurent, Paumard, Thibaut, Perraut, Karine, Perrin, Guy, Petrov, Romain, Pfuhl, Oliver, Pourré, Nicolas, Rabien, Sebastian, Rau, Christian, Riquelme, Miguel, Robbe-Dubois, Sylvie, Rochat, Sylvain, Salman, Muhammad, Scherbarth, Malte, Schöller, Markus, Schubert, Joseph, Schuhler, Nicolas, Shangguan, Jinyi, Shchekaturov, Pavel, Shimizu, Taro, Scheithauer, Silvia, Sevin, Arnaud, Soenke, Christian, Soulez, Ferreol, Spang, Alain, Stadler, Eric, Straubmeier, Christian, Sturm, Eckhard, Sykes, Calvin, Tacconi, Linda, Tischer, Helmut, Tristram, Konrad, Vincent, Frédéric, von Fellenberg, Sebastiano, Uysal, Sinem, Widmann, Felix, Wieprecht, Ekkehard, Wiezorrek, Erich, Woillez, Julien, Yazıcı, Şenol, and Zins, Gérard
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: The GRAVITY instrument has been revolutionary for near-infrared interferometry by pushing sensitivity and precision to previously unknown limits. With the upgrade of GRAVITY and the Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI) in GRAVITY+, these limits will be pushed even further, with vastly improved sky coverage, as well as faint-science and high-contrast capabilities. This upgrade includes the implementation of wide-field off-axis fringe-tracking, new adaptive optics systems on all Unit Telescopes, and laser guide stars in an upgraded facility. GRAVITY+ will open up the sky to the measurement of black hole masses across cosmic time in hundreds of active galactic nuclei, use the faint stars in the Galactic centre to probe General Relativity, and enable the characterisation of dozens of young exoplanets to study their formation, bearing the promise of another scientific revolution to come at the VLTI., Comment: Published in the ESO Messenger
Published: 2023
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5. Thermal imaging of dust hiding the black hole in the Active Galaxy NGC 1068

Author: Rosas, Violeta Gamez, Isbell, Jacob W., Jaffe, Walter, Petrov, Romain G., Leftley, James H., Hofmann, Karl-Heinz, Millour, Florentin, Burtscher, Leonard, Meisenheimer, Klaus, Meilland, Anthony, Waters, Laurens B. F. M., Lopez, Bruno, Lagarde, Stephane, Weigelt, Gerd, Berio, Philippe, Allouche, Fatme, Robbe-Dubois, Sylvie, Cruzalebes, Pierre, Bettonvil, Felix, Henning, Thomas, Augereau, Jean-Charles, Antonelli, Pierre, Beckmann, Udo, van Boekel, Roy, Bendjoya, Philippe, Danchi, William C., Dominik, Carsten, Drevon, Julien, Gallimore, Jack F., Graser, Uwe, Heininger, Matthias, Hocde, Vincent, Hogerheijde, Michiel, Hron1, Josef, Impellizzeri, Caterina M. V., Klarmann, Lucia, Kokoulina, Elena, Labadie, Lucas, Lehmitz, Michael, Matter, Alexis, Paladini, Claudia, Pantin, Eric, Pott, Jorg-Uwe, Schert, Dieter, Soulain, Anthony, Stee, Philippe, Tristram, Konrad, Varga, Jozsef, Woillez, Julien, Wolf, Sebastian, Yoffe, Gideon, and Zins, Gerard
Subjects: Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract: In the widely accepted 'Unified Model' solution of the classification puzzle of Active Galactic Nuclei, the orientation of a dusty accretion torus around the central black hole dominates their appearance. In 'type-1' systems, the bright nucleus is visible at the centre of a face-on torus. In 'type-2' systems the thick, nearly edge-on torus hides the central engine. Later studies suggested evolutionary effects and added dusty clumps and polar winds but left the basic picture intact. However, recent high-resolution images of the archetypal type-2 galaxy NGC 1068 suggested a more radical revision. They displayed a ring-like emission feature which the authors advocated to be hot dust surrounding the black hole at the radius where the radiation from the central engine evaporates the dust. That ring is too thin and too far tilted from edge-on to hide the central engine, and ad hoc foreground extinction is needed to explain the type-2 classification. These images quickly generated reinterpretations of the type 1-2 dichotomy. Here we present new multi-band mid-infrared images of NGC1068 that detail the dust temperature distribution and reaffirm the original model. Combined with radio data, our maps locate the central engine below the previously reported ring and obscured by a thick, nearly edge-on disk, as predicted by the Unified Model. We also identify emission from polar flows and absorbing dust that is mineralogically distinct from that towards the Milky Way centre., Comment: In press at Nature
Published: 2021
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6. Infrared wavefront sensing for adaptive optics assisted Galactic Center observations with the VLT interferometer and GRAVITY: operation and results

Author: Hippler, Stefan, Brandner, Wolfgang, Scheithauer, Silvia, Kulas, Martin, Panduro, Johana, Bizenberger, Peter, Bonnet, Henry, Deen, Casey, Delplancke-Ströbele, Françoise, Eisenhauer, Frank, Finger, Gert, Hubert, Zoltan, Kolb, Johann, Müller, Eric, Pallanca, Laurent, Woillez, Julien, Zins, Gérard, and Collaboration, GRAVITY
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: This article describes the operation of the near-infrared wavefront sensing based Adaptive Optics (AO) system CIAO. The Coud\'e Infrared Adaptive Optics (CIAO) system is a central auxiliary component of the Very Large Telescope (VLT) interferometer (VLTI). It enables in particular the observations of the Galactic Center (GC) using the GRAVITY instrument. GRAVITY is a highly specialized beam combiner, a device that coherently combines the light of the four 8-m telescopes and finally records interferometric measurements in the K-band on 6 baselines simultaneously. CIAO compensates for phase disturbances caused by atmospheric turbulence, which all four 8 m Unit Telescopes (UT) experience during observation. Each of the four CIAO units generates an almost diffraction-limited image quality at its UT, which ensures that maximum flux of the observed stellar object enters the fibers of the GRAVITY beam combiner. We present CIAO performance data obtained in the first 3 years of operation as a function of weather conditions. We describe how CIAO is configured and used for observations with GRAVITY. In addition, we focus on the outstanding features of the near-infrared sensitive Saphira detector, which is used for the first time on Paranal, and show how it works as a wavefront sensor detector., Comment: 12 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in Instruments (open access journal from mdpi)
Published: 2020

7. Multiple Star Systems in the Orion Nebula

Author: GRAVITY collaboration, Karl, Martina, Pfuhl, Oliver, Eisenhauer, Frank, Genzel, Reinhard, Grellmann, Rebekka, Habibi, Maryam, Abuter, Roberto, Accardo, Matteo, Amorim, António, Anugu, Narsireddy, Ávila, Gerardo, Benisty, Myriam, Berger, Jean-Philippe, Bland, Nicolas, Bonnet, Henri, Bourget, Pierre, Brandner, Wolfgang, Brast, Roland, Buron, Alexander, Garatti, Alessio Caratti o, Chapron, Frédéric, Clénet, Yann, Collin, Claude, Foresto, Vincent Coudé du, de Wit, Willem-Jan, de Zeeuw, Tim, Deen, Casey, Delplancke-Ströbele, Françoise, Dembet, Roderick, Derie, Frédéric, Dexter, Jason, Duvert, Gilles, Ebert, Monica, Eckart, Andreas, Esselborn, Michael, Fédou, Pierre, Finger, Gert, Garcia, Paulo, Dabo, Cesar Enrique Garcia, Lopez, Rebeca Garcia, Gao, Feng, Gandron, Éric, Gillessen, Stefan, Gonté, Frédéric, Gordo, Paulo, Grözinger, Ulrich, Guajardo, Patricia, Guieu, Sylvain, Haguenauer, Pierre, Hans, Oliver, Haubois, Xavier, Haug, Marcus, Haußmann, Frank, Henning, Thomas, Hippler, Stefan, Horrobin, Matthew, Huber, Armin, Hubert, Zoltan, Hubin, Norbert, Hummel, Christian A., Jakob, Gerd, Jochum, Lieselotte, Jocou, Laurent, Kaufer, Andreas, Kellner, Stefan, Kandrew, Sarah, Kern, Lothar, Kervella, Pierre, Kiekebusch, Mario, Klein, Ralf, Köhler, Rainer, Kolb, Johan, Kulas, Martin, Lacour, Sylvestre, Lapeyrère, Vincent, Lazareff, Bernard, Bouquin, Jean-Baptiste Le, Léna, Pierre, Lenzen, Rainer, Lévêque, Samuel, Lin, Chien-Cheng, Lippa, Magdalena, Magnard, Yves, Mehrgan, Leander, Mérand, Antoine, Moulin, Thibaut, Müller, Eric, Müller, Friedrich, Neumann, Udo, Oberti, Sylvain, Ott, Thomas, Pallanca, Laurent, Panduro, Johana, Pasquini, Luca, Paumard, Thibaut, Percheron, Isabelle, Perraut, Karine, Perrin, Guy, Pflüger, Andreas, Duc, Thanh Phan, Plewa, Philipp M., Popovic, Dan, Rabien, Sebastian, Ramírez, Andrés, Ramos, Jose, Rau, Christian, Riquelme, Miguel, Rodríguez-Coira, Gustavo, Rohloff, Ralf-Rainer, Rosales, Alejandra, Rousset, Gérard, Sanchez-Bermudez, Joel, Scheithauer, Silvia, Schöller, Markus, Schuhler, Nicolas, Spyromilio, Jason, Straub, Odele, Straubmeier, Christian, Sturm, Eckhard, Suarez, Marcos, Tristram, Konrad R. W., Ventura, Noel, Vincent, Frédéric, Waisberg, Idel, Wank, Imke, Widmann, Felix, Wieprecht, Ekkehard, Wiest, Michael, Wiezorrek, Erich, Wittkowski, Markus, Woillez, Julien, Wolff, Burkhard, Yazici, Senol, Ziegler, Denis, and Zins, Gérard
Subjects: Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract: This work presents an interferometric study of the massive-binary fraction in the Orion Trapezium Cluster with the recently comissioned GRAVITY instrument. We observe a total of 16 stars of mainly OB spectral type. We find three previously unknown companions for $\theta ^1$ Ori B, $\theta ^2$ Ori B, and $\theta ^2$ Ori C. We determine a separation for the previously suspected companion of NU Ori. We confirm four companions for $\theta ^1$ Ori A, $\theta ^1$ Ori C, $\theta ^1$ Ori D, and $\theta ^2$ Ori A, all with substantially improved astrometry and photometric mass estimates. We refine the orbit of the eccentric high-mass binary $\theta ^1$ Ori C and we are able to derive a new orbit for $\theta ^1$ Ori D. We find a system mass of 21.7 $M_{\odot}$ and a period of $53$ days. Together with other previously detected companions seen in spectroscopy or direct imaging, eleven of the 16 high-mass stars are multiple systems. We obtain a total number of 22 companions with separations up to 600 AU. The companion fraction of the early B and O stars in our sample is about 2, significantly higher than in earlier studies of mostly OB associations. The separation distribution hints towards a bimodality. Such a bimodality has been previously found in A stars, but rarely in OB binaries, which up to this point have been assumed to be mostly compact with a tail of wider companions. We also do not find a substantial population of equal-mass binaries. The observed distribution of mass ratios declines steeply with mass, and like the direct star counts, indicates that our companions follow a standard power law initial mass function. Again, this is in contrast to earlier findings of flat mass ratio distributions in OB associations. We exclude collision as a dominant formation mechanism but find no clear preference for core accretion or competitive accretion., Comment: Accepted for publication in A&A
Published: 2018
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8. The MICADO first light imager for the ELT: overview, operation, simulation

Author: Davies, Richard, Alves, João, Clénet, Yann, Lang-Bardl, Florian, Nicklas, Harald, Pott, Jörg-Uwe, Ragazzoni, Roberto, Tolstoy, Eline, Amico, Paola, Anwand-Heerwart, Heiko, Barboza, Santiago, Barl, Lothar, Baudoz, Pierre, Bender, Ralf, Bezawada, Naidu, Bizenberger, Peter, Boland, Wilfried, Bonifacio, Piercarlo, Borgo, Bruno, Buey, Tristan, Chapron, Frédéric, Chemla, Fanny, Cohen, Mathieu, Czoske, Oliver, Deo, Vincent, Disseau, Karen, Dreizler, Stefan, Dupuis, Olivier, Fabricius, Maximilian, Falomo, Renato, Fedou, Pierre, Schreiber, Natascha Foerster, Garrel, Vincent, Geis, Norbert, Gemperlein, Hans, Gendron, Eric, Genzel, Reinhard, Gillessen, Stefan, Glück, Martin, Grupp, Frank, Hartl, Michael, Häuser, Marco, Hess, Hans-Joachim, Hofferbert, Ralf, Hopp, Ulrich, Hörmann, Veronika, Hubert, Zoltan, Huby, Elsa, Huet, Jean-Michel, Hutterer, Victoria, Ives, Derek, Janssen, Annemieke, Jellema, Willem, Kausch, Wolfgang, Kerber, Florian, Kravcar, Helmut, Ruyet, Bertrand Le, Leschinski, Kieran, Mandla, Christopher, Manhart, Markus, Massari, Davide, Mei, Simona, Merlin, Frédéric, Mohr, Lars, Monna, Anna, Muench, Norbert, Mueller, Friedrich, Musters, Gert, Navarro, Ramon, Neumann, Udo, Neumayer, Nadine, Niebsch, Jenny, Plattner, Markus, Przybilla, Norbert, Rabien, Sebastian, Ramlau, Ronny, Ramos, José, Ramsay, Suzanne, Rhode, Petra, Richter, Amon, Richter, Josef, Rix, Hans-Walter, Rodeghiero, Gabriele, Rohloff, Ralf-Rainer, Rosensteiner, Matthias, Rousset, Gérard, Schlichter, Jörg, Schubert, Josef, Sevin, Arnaud, Stuik, Remko, Sturm, Eckhard, Thomas, Jens, Tromp, Niels, Kleijn, Gijs Verdoes, Vidal, Fabrice, Wagner, Roland, Wegner, Michael, Zeilinger, Werner, Ziegleder, Julian, Ziegler, Bodo, and Zins, Gérard
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: MICADO will enable the ELT to perform diffraction limited near-infrared observations at first light. The instrument's capabilities focus on imaging (including astrometric and high contrast) as well as single object spectroscopy. This contribution looks at how requirements from the observing modes have driven the instrument design and functionality. Using examples from specific science cases, and making use of the data simulation tool, an outline is presented of what we can expect the instrument to achieve., Comment: Proc SPIE 10702. SPIE's copyright notice: "Copyright 2018 Society of PhotoOptical Instrumentation Engineers. One print or electronic copy may be made for personal use only. Systematic reproduction and distribution, duplication of any material in this paper for a fee or for commercial purposes, or modification of the content of the paper are prohibited."
Published: 2018

9. SPHERE on-sky performance compared with budget predictions

Author: Dohlen, Kjetil, Vigan, Arthur, Mouillet, David, Wildi, Francois, Sauvage, Jean-Francois, Fusco, Thierry, Beuzit, Jean-Luc, Puget, Pascal, Mignant, David Le, Roelfsema, Ronald, Pragt, Johan, Schmid, Hands Martin, Gratton, Raffaele, Mesa, Dino, Claudi, Riccardo, Langlois, Maud, Costille, Anne, Hugot, Emmanuel, O'Neil, Jared, Guerra, Juan Carlos, N'Diaye, Mamadou, Girard, Julien, Mawet, Dimitri, and Zins, Gerard
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: The SPHERE (spectro-photometric exoplanet research) extreme-AO planet hunter saw first light at the VLT observatory on Mount Paranal in May 2014 after ten years of development. Great efforts were put into modelling its performance, particularly in terms of achievable contrast, and to budgeting instrumental features such as wave front errors and optical transmission to each of the instrument's three focal planes, the near infrared dual imaging camera IRDIS, the near infrared integral field spectrograph IFS and the visible polarimetric camera ZIMPOL. In this paper we aim at comparing predicted performance with measured performance. In addition to comparing on-sky contrast curves and calibrated transmission measurements, we also compare the PSD-based wave front error budget with in-situ wave front maps obtained thanks to a Zernike phase mask, ZELDA, implemented in the infrared coronagraph wheel. One of the most critical elements of the SPHERE system is its high-order deformable mirror, a prototype 40x40 actuator piezo stack design developed in parallel with the instrument itself. The development was a success, as witnessed by the instrument performance, in spite of some bad surprises discovered on the way. The devastating effects of operating without taking properly into account the loss of several actuators and the thermally and temporally induced variations in the DM shape will be analysed, and the actions taken to mitigate these defects through the introduction of specially designed Lyot stops and activation of one of the mirrors in the optical train will be described., Comment: 11 pages, 16 figures. Presented at the SPIE astronomy conference in Edinburgh 2016
Published: 2018
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10. SPHERE IRDIS and IFS astrometric strategy and calibration

Author: Maire, Anne-Lise, Langlois, Maud, Dohlen, Kjetil, Lagrange, Anne-Marie, Gratton, Raffaele, Chauvin, Gael, Desidera, Silvano, Girard, Julien H., Milli, Julien, Vigan, Arthur, Zins, Gerard, Delorme, Philippe, Beuzit, Jean-Luc, Claudi, Riccardo U., Feldt, Markus, Mouillet, David, Puget, Pascal, Turatto, Massimo, and Wildi, Francois
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: We present the current results of the astrometric characterization of the VLT planet finder SPHERE over 2 years of on-sky operations. We first describe the criteria for the selection of the astrometric fields used for calibrating the science data: binaries, multiple systems, and stellar clusters. The analysis includes measurements of the pixel scale and the position angle with respect to the North for both near-infrared subsystems, the camera IRDIS and the integral field spectrometer IFS, as well as the distortion for the IRDIS camera. The IRDIS distortion is shown to be dominated by an anamorphism of 0.60+/-0.02% between the horizontal and vertical directions of the detector, i.e. 6 mas at 1". The anamorphism is produced by the cylindrical mirrors in the common path structure hence common to all three SPHERE science subsystems (IRDIS, IFS, and ZIMPOL), except for the relative orientation of their field of view. The current estimates of the pixel scale and North angle for IRDIS are 12.255+/-0.009 milliarcseconds/pixel for H2 coronagraphic images and -1.75+/-0.08 deg. Analyses of the IFS data indicate a pixel scale of 7.46+/-0.02 milliarcseconds/pixel and a North angle of -102.18+/-0.13 deg. We finally discuss plans for providing astrometric calibration to the SPHERE users outside the instrument consortium., Comment: 12 pages, 6 figures, 3 tables
Published: 2016
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11. MATISSE, the VLTI mid-infrared spectro-interferometric imager: achievements and perspectives

Author: Kammerer, Jens, Sallum, Stephanie, Sanchez-Bermudez, Joel, Petrov, Romain G., Lagarde, Stéphane, Lopez, Bruno, Robbe-Dubois, Sylvie, Leftley, James, Paladini, Claudia, Houllé, Mathis, Weigelt, Gerd, van Boekel, Roy, Jaffe, Walter, Woillez, Julien, Berio, Philippe, Bettonvil, Felix, Bourget, Pierre, Eldswijk, Eddy, Matter, Alexis, Meilland, Anthony, Millour, Florentin, Pallanca, Laurent, Rivinius, Thomas, and Zins, Gérard
Published: 2024
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12. The VLTI / PIONIER near-infrared interferometric survey of southern T Tauri stars. I. First results

Author: Anthonioz, Fabien, Ménard, François, Pinte, Christophe, Bouquin, Jean-Baptiste Le, Benisty, Myriam, Thi, Wing-Fai, Absil, Olivier, Duchêne, Gaspard, Augereau, Jean-Charles, Berger, Jean-Phillipe, Casassus, Simon, Duvert, Gilles, Lazareff, Bernard, Malbet, Fabien, Millan-Gabet, Rafael, Schreiber, Matthias R., Traub, Wesley, and Zins, Gérard
Subjects: Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract: Context : The properties of the inner disks of bright Herbig AeBe stars have been studied with near infrared (NIR) interferometry and high resolution spectroscopy. The continuum and a few molecular gas species have been studied close to the central star; however, sensitivity problems limit direct information about the inner disks of the fainter T Tauri stars. Aims : Our aim is to measure some of the properties of the inner regions of disks surrounding southern T Tauri stars. Methods : We performed a survey with the PIONIER recombiner instrument at H-band of 21 T Tauri stars. The baselines used ranged from 11 m to 129 m, corresponding to a maximum resolution of 3mas (0.45 au at 150 pc). Results : Thirteen disks are resolved well and the visibility curves are fully sampled as a function of baseline in the range 45-130 m for these 13 objects. A simple qualitative examination of visibility profiles allows us to identify a rapid drop-off in the visibilities at short baselines in 8 resolved disks. This is indicative of a significant contribution from an extended contribution of light from the disk. We demonstrate that this component is compatible with scattered light, providing strong support to a prediction made by Pinte et al. (2008). The amplitude of the drop-off and the amount of dust thermal emission changes from source to source suggesting that each disk is different. A by-product of the survey is the identification of a new milli-arcsec separation binary: WW Cha. Spectroscopic and interferometric data of AK Sco have also been fitted with a binary and disk model. Conclusions : Visibility data are reproduced well when thermal emission and scattering form dust are fully considered. The inner radii measured are consistent with the expected dust sublimation radii. Modelling of AK Sco suggests a likely coplanarity between the disk and the binary's orbital plane, Comment: 19 pages, 11 figures
Published: 2014
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13. Image quality and high contrast improvements on VLT/NACO

Author: Girard, Julien H. V., O'Neal, Jared, Mawet, Dimitri, Kasper, Markus, Zins, Gérard, Neichel, Benoît, Kolb, Johann, Christiaens, Valentin, and Tourneboeuf, Martin
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Physics - Optics
Abstract: NACO is the famous and versatile diffraction limited NIR imager and spectrograph with which ESO celebrated 10 years of Adaptive Optics at the VLT. Since two years a substantial effort has been put in to understanding and fixing issues that directly affect the image quality and the high contrast performances of the instrument. Experiments to compensate the non-common-path aberrations and recover the highest possible Strehl ratios have been carried out successfully and a plan is hereafter described to perform such measurements regularly. The drift associated to pupil tracking since 2007 was fixed in October 2011. NACO is therefore even better suited for high contrast imaging and can be used with coronagraphic masks in the image plane. Some contrast measurements are shown and discussed. The work accomplished on NACO will serve as reference for the next generation instruments on the VLT, especially those working at the diffraction limit and making use of angular differential imaging (i.e. SPHERE, VISIR, possibly ERIS)., Comment: 14 pages, 5 figures, SPIE 2012 Astronomical Instrumentation Proceeding
Published: 2012
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14. NIRPS first light and early science: breaking the 1 m/s RV precision barrier at infrared wavelengths

Author: Bryant, Julia J., Motohara, Kentaro, Vernet, Joël R. D., Artigau, Étienne, Bouchy, François, Doyon, René, Baron, Frédérique, Malo, Lison, Wildi, François, Pepe, Franceso, Cook, Neil J., Thibault, Simon, Reshetov, Vladimir, Dumusque, Xavier, Lovis, Christophe, Sosnowska, Danuta, Canto Martins, Bruno L., De Medeiros, Jose Renan, Delfosse, Xavier, Santos, Nuno, Rebolo, Rafael, Abreu, Manuel, Allain, Guillaume, Allart, Romain, Auger, Hugues, Barros, Susana, Bazinet, Luc, Blind, Nicolas, Boisse, Isabelle, Bonfils, Xavier, Bourrier, Vincent, Bovay, Sébastien, Broeg, Christopher, Brousseau, Denis, Bruniquel, Vincent, Cabral, Alexandre, Cadieux, Charles, Carmona, Andres, Carteret, Yann, Challita, Zalpha, Chazelas, Bruno, Cloutier, Ryan, Coelho, João M., Cointepas, Marion, Conod, Uriel, Cowan, Nicolas, Cristo, Eduardo, Gomes da Silva, João, Dauplaise, Laurie, Lima Gomes, Roseane, Delgado-Mena, Elisa, Ehrenreich, David, Faria, João, Figueira, Pedro, Forveille, Thierry, Frensch, Yolanda, Gagné, Jonathan, Genest, Frédéric, Genolet, Ludovic, González Hernández, Jonay I., Gracia Temich, Felix, Grieves, Nolan, Hernandez, Olivier, Hobson, Melissa J., Hoeijmakers, Jens, Kerley, Dan, Krishnamurthy, Vigneshwaran, Lafrenière, David, Lamontagne, Pierrot, Larue, Pierre, Leaf, Henry, Leão, Izan C., Lim, Olivia, Lo Curto, Gaspare, Martins, Allan M., Melo, Claudio, Messias, Yuri, Mignon, Lucile, Moranta, Leslie, Mordasini, Christoph, Al Moulla, Khaled, Mounzer, Dany, L'Heureux, Alexandrine, Nari, Nicola, Nielsen, Louise, Osborn, Ares, Parc, Lena, Pasquini, Luca, Passegger, Vera, Pelletier, Stefan, Peroux, Céline, Piaulet, Caroline, Plotnykov, Mykhaylo, Poulin-Girard, Anne-Sophie, Rasilla, José Luis, Saint-Antoine, Jonathan, Sarajic, Mirsad, Segovia, Alex, Seidel, Julia V., Ségransan, Damien, Silva, Ana Rita, Srivastava, Avidaan, Stefanov, Atanas K., Suárez Mascareño, Alejandro, Sordet, Michael, Teixeira, Márcio A., Udry, Sféphane, Valencia, Diana, Vallée, Philippe, Vandal, Thomas, Vaulato, Valentina, Wade, Gregg, Wardenier, Joost P., Wehbé, Bachar, Weisserman, Drew, Wevers, Ivan, and Zins, Gérard
Published: 2024
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15. Searching for faint companions with VLTI/PIONIER. I. Method and first results

Author: Absil, Olivier, Bouquin, Jean-Baptiste Le, Berger, Jean-Philippe, Lagrange, Anne-Marie, Chauvin, Gaël, Lazareff, Bernard, Zins, Gérard, Haguenauer, Pierre, Jocou, Laurent, Kern, Pierre, Millan-Gabet, Rafael, Rochat, Sylvain, and Traub, Wes
Subjects: Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract: Context. A new four-telescope interferometric instrument called PIONIER has recently been installed at VLTI. It provides improved imaging capabilities together with high precision. Aims. We search for low-mass companions around a few bright stars using different strategies, and determine the dynamic range currently reachable with PIONIER. Methods. Our method is based on the closure phase, which is the most robust interferometric quantity when searching for faint companions. We computed the chi^2 goodness of fit for a series of binary star models at different positions and with various flux ratios. The resulting chi^2 cube was used to identify the best-fit binary model and evaluate its significance, or to determine upper limits on the companion flux in case of non detections. Results. No companion is found around Fomalhaut, tau Cet and Regulus. The median upper limits at 3 sigma on the companion flux ratio are respectively of 2.3e-3 (in 4 h), 3.5e-3 (in 3 h) and 5.4e-3 (in 1.5 h) on the search region extending from 5 to 100 mas. Our observations confirm that the previously detected near-infrared excess emissions around Fomalhaut and tau Cet are not related to a low-mass companion, and instead come from an extended source such as an exozodiacal disk. In the case of del Aqr, in 30 min of observation, we obtain the first direct detection of a previously known companion, at an angular distance of about 40 mas and with a flux ratio of 2.05e-2 \pm 0.16e-2. Due to the limited u,v plane coverage, its position can, however, not be unambiguously determined. Conclusions. After only a few months of operation, PIONIER has already achieved one of the best dynamic ranges world-wide for multi-aperture interferometers. A dynamic range up to about 1:500 is demonstrated, but significant improvements are still required to reach the ultimate goal of directly detecting hot giant extrasolar planets., Comment: 11 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Published: 2011
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16. FFREE: a Fresnel-FRee Experiment for EPICS, the EELT planets imager

Author: Antichi, Jacopo, Vérinaud, Christophe, Preis, Olivier, Delboulbé, Alain, Zins, Gérard, Rabou, Patrick, Beuzit, Jean-Luc, Dandy, Sarah, Sauvage, Jean-François, Fusco, Thierry, Aller-Carpentier, Emmanuel, Kasper, Markus, and Hubin, Norbert
Subjects: Physics - Optics
Abstract: The purpose of FFREE - the new optical bench devoted to experiments on high-contrast imaging at LAOG - consists in the validation of algorithms based on off-line calibration techniques and adaptive optics (AO) respectively for the wavefront measurement and its compensation. The aim is the rejection of the static speckles pattern arising in a focal plane after a diffraction suppression system (based on apodization or coronagraphy) by wavefront pre-compensation. To this aim, FFREE has been optimized to minimize Fresnel propagation over a large near infrared (NIR) bandwidth in a way allowing efficient rejection up to the AO control radius, it stands then as a demonstrator for the future implementation of the optics that will be common to the scientific instrumentation installed on EPICS., Comment: 12 pages, 15 figures, Proceeding 7736120 of the SPIE Conference "Adaptive Optics Systems II", monday 28 June 2010, San Diego, California, USA
Published: 2010
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17. Status and new operation modes of the versatile VLT/NACO

Author: Girard, Julien H. V., Kasper, Markus, Quanz, Sascha P., Kenworthy, Matthew A., Rengaswamy, Sridharan, Schödel, Rainer, Gallenne, Alexandre, Gillessen, Stefan, Huerta, Nicolas, Kervella, Pierre, Kornweibel, Nick, Lenzen, Rainer, Mérand, Antoine, Montagnier, Guillaume, O'Neal, Jared, Zins, Gérard, and IOT, the NACO
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: This paper aims at giving an update on the most versatile adaptive optics fed instrument to date, the well known and successful NACO . Although NACO is only scheduled for about two more years at the Very Large Telescope (VLT), it keeps on evolving with additional operation modes bringing original astronomical results. The high contrast imaging community uses it creatively as a test-bench for SPHERE and other second generation planet imagers. A new visible wavefront sensor (WFS) optimized for Laser Guide Star (LGS) operations has been installed and tested, the cube mode is more and more requested for frame selection on bright sources, a seeing enhancer mode (no tip/tilt correction) is now offered to provide full sky coverage and welcome all kind of extragalactic applications, etc. The Instrument Operations Team (IOT) and Paranal engineers are currently working hard at maintaining the instrument overall performances but also at improving them and offering new capabilities, providing the community with a well tuned and original instrument for the remaining time it is being used. The present contribution delivers a non-exhaustive overview of the new modes and experiments that have been carried out in the past months., Comment: 10 pages, 7 figures, SPIE 2010 Astronomical Instrumentation Proceeding
Published: 2010
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18. The third version of the AMBER data reduction software

Author: Malbet, Fabien, Duvert, Gilles, Millour, Florentin, Bouquin, Jean-Baptiste Le, Mella, Guillaume, Halipré, Luc, Chelli, Alain, Lafrasse, Sylvain, Altariba, Evelyne, and Zins, Gérard
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: We present the third release of the AMBER data reduction software by the JMMC. This software is based on core algorithms optimized after several years of operation. An optional graphic interface in a high level language allows the user to control the process step by step or in a completely automatic manner. Ongoing improvement is the implementation of a robust calibration scheme, making use of the full calibration sets available during the night. The output products are standard OI-FITS files, which can be used directly in high level software like model fitting or image reconstruction tools. The software performances are illustrated on a full data set of calibrators observed with AMBER during 5 years taken in various instrumental setup., Comment: To be published in the proceedings of the SPIE'2010 conference on "Optical and Infrared Interferometry II"
Published: 2010
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19. AMBER on the VLTI: data processing and calibration issues

Author: Millour, Florentin, Petrov, Romain, Malbet, Fabien, Tatulli, Eric, Duvert, Gilles, Zins, Gérard, Altariba, Evelyne, Vannier, Martin, Hernandez, Oscar, and Causi, Gianluca Li
Subjects: Astrophysics
Abstract: We present here the current performances of the AMBER / VLTI instrument for standard use and compare these with the offered modes of the instrument. We show that the instrument is able to reach its specified precision only for medium and high spectral resolution modes, differential observables and bright objects. For absolute observables, the current achievable accuracy is strongly limited by the vibrations of the Unit Telescopes, and also by the observing procedure which does not take into account the night-long transfer function monitoring. For low-resolution mode, the current limitation is more in the data reduction side, since several effects negligible at medium spectral resolution are not taken into account in the current pipeline. Finally, for faint objects (SNR around 1 per spectral channel), electromagnetic interferences in the VLTI interferometric laboratory with the detector electronics prevents currently to get unbiased measurements. Ideas are under study to correct in the data processing side this effect, but a hardware fix should be investigated seriously since it limits seriously the effective limiting magnitude of the instrument., Comment: 10 pages
Published: 2007
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20. The β Pictoris system: Setting constraints on the planet and the disk structures at mid-IR wavelengths with NEAR

Author: Skaf, Nour, primary, Boccaletti, Anthony, additional, Pantin, Eric, additional, Thebault, Philippe, additional, Kral, Quentin, additional, Danielski, Camilla, additional, Galicher, Raphael, additional, Milli, Julien, additional, Lagrange, Anne-Marie, additional, Baruteau, Clément, additional, Kenworthy, Matthew, additional, Absil, Olivier, additional, Langlois, Maud, additional, Olofsson, Johan, additional, Chauvin, Gael, additional, Huelamo, Nuria, additional, Delorme, Philippe, additional, Charnay, Benjamin, additional, Guyon, Olivier, additional, Bonnefoy, Michael, additional, Cantalloube, Faustine, additional, Hoeijmakers, H. Jens, additional, Käufl, Ulli, additional, Kasper, Markus, additional, Maire, Anne-Lise, additional, Mâlin, Mathilde, additional, Siebenmorgen, Ralf, additional, Snellen, Ignas, additional, and Zins, Gérard, additional
Published: 2023
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21. The GRAVITY+ Project: Towards All-sky, Faint-Science, High-Contrast Near-Infrared Interferometry at the VLTI

Author: Collaboration, GRAVITY+, Abuter, Roberto, Alarcon, Patricio, Allouche, Fatme, Amorim, Antonio, Bailet, Christophe, Bedigan, Helen, Berdeu, Anthony, Berger, Jean-Philippe, Berio, Philippe, Bigioli, Azzurra, Blaho, Richard, Boebion, Olivier, Bolzer, Marie-Lena, Bonnet, Henri, Bourdarot, Guillaume, Bourget, Pierre, Brandner, Wolfgang, Cardenas, Cesar, Conzelmann, Ralf, Comin, Mauro, Clénet, Yann, Courtney-Barrer, Benjamin, Dallilar, Yigit, Davies, Ric, Defrère, Denis, Delboulbé, Alain, Delplancke-Ströbele, Françoise, Dembet, Roderick, de Zeeuw, Tim, Drescher, Antonia, Eckart, Andreas, Édouard, Clemence, Eisenhauer, Frank, Fabricius, Maximilian, Feuchtgruber, Helmut, Finger, Gert, Schreiber, Natascha M. Förster, Fuenteseca, Eloy, Garcia, Enrique, Garcia, Paulo, Gao, Feng, Gendron, Eric, Genzel, Reinhard, Gil, Juan Pablo, Gillessen, Stefan, Gomes, Tiago, Gonté, Frédéric, Gouvret, Carole, Guajardo, Patricia, Guidolin, Ivan, Guieu, Sylvain, Guzmann, Ronald, Hackenberg, Wolfgang, Haddad, Nicolas, Hartl, Michael, Haubois, Xavier, Haußmann, Frank, Heißel, Gernot, Henning, Thomas, Hippler, Stefan, Hönig, Sebastian, Horrobin, Matthew, Hubin, Norbert, Jacqmart, Estelle, Jocou, Laurent, Kaufer, Andreas, Kervella, Pierre, Kirchbauer, Jean-Paul, Kolb, Johan, Korhonen, Heidi, Kreidberg, Laura, Krempl, Peter, Lacour, Sylvestre, Lagarde, Stephane, Lai, Olivier, Lapeyrère, Vincent, Laugier, Romain, Bouquin, Jean-Baptiste Le, Leftley, James, Léna, Pierre, Lewis, Steffan, Lutz, Dieter, Magnard, Yves, Mang, Felix, Marcotto, Aurelie, Maurel, Didier, Mérand, Antoine, Millour, Florentin, More, Nikhil, Nowack, Hugo, Nowak, Matthias, Oberti, Sylvain, Olivares, Francisco, Ott, Thomas, Pallanca, Laurent, Paumard, Thibaut, Perraut, Karine, Perrin, Guy, Petrov, Romain, Pfuhl, Oliver, Pourré, Nicolas, Rabien, Sebastian, Rau, Christian, Riquelme, Miguel, Robbe-Dubois, Sylvie, Rochat, Sylvain, Salman, Muhammad, Scherbarth, Malte, Schöller, Markus, Schubert, Joseph, Schuhler, Nicolas, Shangguan, Jinyi, Shchekaturov, Pavel, Shimizu, Taro, Scheithauer, Silvia, Sevin, Arnaud, Soenke, Christian, Soulez, Ferreol, Spang, Alain, Stadler, Eric, Straubmeier, Christian, Sturm, Eckhard, Sykes, Calvin, Tacconi, Linda, Tischer, Helmut, Tristram, Konrad, Vincent, Frédéric, von Fellenberg, Sebastiano, Uysal, Sinem, Widmann, Felix, Wieprecht, Ekkehard, Wiezorrek, Erich, Woillez, Julien, Yazıcı, Şenol, Zins, Gérard, Collaboration, GRAVITY+, Abuter, Roberto, Alarcon, Patricio, Allouche, Fatme, Amorim, Antonio, Bailet, Christophe, Bedigan, Helen, Berdeu, Anthony, Berger, Jean-Philippe, Berio, Philippe, Bigioli, Azzurra, Blaho, Richard, Boebion, Olivier, Bolzer, Marie-Lena, Bonnet, Henri, Bourdarot, Guillaume, Bourget, Pierre, Brandner, Wolfgang, Cardenas, Cesar, Conzelmann, Ralf, Comin, Mauro, Clénet, Yann, Courtney-Barrer, Benjamin, Dallilar, Yigit, Davies, Ric, Defrère, Denis, Delboulbé, Alain, Delplancke-Ströbele, Françoise, Dembet, Roderick, de Zeeuw, Tim, Drescher, Antonia, Eckart, Andreas, Édouard, Clemence, Eisenhauer, Frank, Fabricius, Maximilian, Feuchtgruber, Helmut, Finger, Gert, Schreiber, Natascha M. Förster, Fuenteseca, Eloy, Garcia, Enrique, Garcia, Paulo, Gao, Feng, Gendron, Eric, Genzel, Reinhard, Gil, Juan Pablo, Gillessen, Stefan, Gomes, Tiago, Gonté, Frédéric, Gouvret, Carole, Guajardo, Patricia, Guidolin, Ivan, Guieu, Sylvain, Guzmann, Ronald, Hackenberg, Wolfgang, Haddad, Nicolas, Hartl, Michael, Haubois, Xavier, Haußmann, Frank, Heißel, Gernot, Henning, Thomas, Hippler, Stefan, Hönig, Sebastian, Horrobin, Matthew, Hubin, Norbert, Jacqmart, Estelle, Jocou, Laurent, Kaufer, Andreas, Kervella, Pierre, Kirchbauer, Jean-Paul, Kolb, Johan, Korhonen, Heidi, Kreidberg, Laura, Krempl, Peter, Lacour, Sylvestre, Lagarde, Stephane, Lai, Olivier, Lapeyrère, Vincent, Laugier, Romain, Bouquin, Jean-Baptiste Le, Leftley, James, Léna, Pierre, Lewis, Steffan, Lutz, Dieter, Magnard, Yves, Mang, Felix, Marcotto, Aurelie, Maurel, Didier, Mérand, Antoine, Millour, Florentin, More, Nikhil, Nowack, Hugo, Nowak, Matthias, Oberti, Sylvain, Olivares, Francisco, Ott, Thomas, Pallanca, Laurent, Paumard, Thibaut, Perraut, Karine, Perrin, Guy, Petrov, Romain, Pfuhl, Oliver, Pourré, Nicolas, Rabien, Sebastian, Rau, Christian, Riquelme, Miguel, Robbe-Dubois, Sylvie, Rochat, Sylvain, Salman, Muhammad, Scherbarth, Malte, Schöller, Markus, Schubert, Joseph, Schuhler, Nicolas, Shangguan, Jinyi, Shchekaturov, Pavel, Shimizu, Taro, Scheithauer, Silvia, Sevin, Arnaud, Soenke, Christian, Soulez, Ferreol, Spang, Alain, Stadler, Eric, Straubmeier, Christian, Sturm, Eckhard, Sykes, Calvin, Tacconi, Linda, Tischer, Helmut, Tristram, Konrad, Vincent, Frédéric, von Fellenberg, Sebastiano, Uysal, Sinem, Widmann, Felix, Wieprecht, Ekkehard, Wiezorrek, Erich, Woillez, Julien, Yazıcı, Şenol, and Zins, Gérard
Abstract: The GRAVITY instrument has been revolutionary for near-infrared interferometry by pushing sensitivity and precision to previously unknown limits. With the upgrade of GRAVITY and the Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI) in GRAVITY+, these limits will be pushed even further, with vastly improved sky coverage, as well as faint-science and high-contrast capabilities. This upgrade includes the implementation of wide-field off-axis fringe-tracking, new adaptive optics systems on all Unit Telescopes, and laser guide stars in an upgraded facility. GRAVITY+ will open up the sky to the measurement of black hole masses across cosmic time in hundreds of active galactic nuclei, use the faint stars in the Galactic centre to probe General Relativity, and enable the characterisation of dozens of young exoplanets to study their formation, bearing the promise of another scientific revolution to come at the VLTI., Comment: Published in the ESO Messenger
Published: 2023
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22. Connecting SPHERE and CRIRES+ for the characterisation of young exoplanets at high spectral resolution: status update of VLT/HiRISE

Author: Vigan, Arthur, primary, Lopez, Maxime, additional, El Morsy, Mona, additional, Muslimov, Eduard R., additional, Viret, Alexandre, additional, Zins, Gérard, additional, Murray, Graham J., additional, Costille, Anne, additional, Otten, Gilles P. P. L., additional, Seemann, Ulf, additional, Anwand-Heerwart, Heiko, additional, Dohlen, Kjetil, additional, Blanchard, Patrick, additional, Garcia, José, additional, Charles, Yannick, additional, Tchoubaklian, Nicolas, additional, Ely, Timothé, additional, Phillips, Mark, additional, Paufique, Jérôme, additional, Beuzit, Jean-Luc, additional, Houllé, Mathis, additional, Costes, Jean, additional, Pourcelot, Raphaël, additional, Baraffe, Isabelle, additional, Dorn, Reinhold, additional, Jaquet, Marc, additional, Kasper, Markus, additional, Reiners, Ansgar, additional, Smette, Alain, additional, Blanco, Leonardo, additional, Pallanca, Laurent, additional, Carlotti, Alexis, additional, Choquet, Elodie, additional, Mouillet, David, additional, and N'Diaye, Mamadou, additional
Published: 2022
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23. First light of NIRPS, the near-infrared adaptive-optics assisted high resolution spectrograph for the ESO 3.6m

Author: Wildi, François, primary, Bouchy, François, additional, Doyon, René, additional, Blind, Nicolas, additional, Genolet, Ludovic, additional, Sordet, Michael, additional, Segovia, Alex, additional, Grieves, Nolan, additional, Malo, Lison, additional, Artigau, Etienne, additional, St-Antoine, Jonathan, additional, Vallée, Philippe, additional, Rasilla, José Luis, additional, Gracia Temich, Felix, additional, Poulin-Girard, Anne-Sophie, additional, Brousseau, Denis, additional, Sosnowska, Danuta, additional, Reshetov, Vladimir, additional, Baron, Frédérique, additional, Thibault, Simon, additional, Bovay, Sébastien, additional, Frensch, Jolanda, additional, Lo Curto, Gaspare, additional, Hubin, Norbert, additional, Zins, Gérard, additional, Peroux, Celine, additional, and Cabral, Alexandre, additional
Published: 2022
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24. NIRPS – The Near Infra-Red Planet Searcher: design, integration and tests of the atmospheric dispersion corrector

Author: Cabral, Alexandre, primary, Wehbé, Bachar, additional, Blind, Nicolas, additional, Coelho, João M. P., additional, Abreu, Manuel, additional, Segovia, Alex, additional, Sordet, Michael, additional, Wildi, François, additional, Bouchy, François, additional, Santos, Nuno, additional, Doyon, René, additional, Lo Curto, Gaspare, additional, Zins, Gérard, additional, and Kolb, Johann, additional
Published: 2022
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25. VLTI status update

Author: Haubois, Xavier, primary, Mérand, Antoine, additional, Abuter, Roberto, additional, Araneda, Juan Pablo, additional, Bian, Fuyan, additional, Bourget, Pierre, additional, Bristow, Paul, additional, Burgos, Pablo, additional, Delplancke-Ströbele, Françoise, additional, Dembet, Roderick, additional, Gil, Juan Pablo, additional, Glindemann, Andreas, additional, Gonté, Frédéric, additional, Guajardo, Patricia, additional, Hubin, Norbert, additional, Hummel, Christian, additional, Korhonen, Heidi H., additional, Labdon, Aaron, additional, Kolb, Johann, additional, Kosmalski, Johan, additional, Lacour, Sylvestre, additional, Paladini, Claudia, additional, Pallanca, Laurent, additional, Pasquini, Luca, additional, Percheron, Isabelle, additional, Riquelme, Miguel, additional, Rivinius, Thomas, additional, Sani, Eleonora, additional, Schmidtobreick, Linda, additional, Scicluna, Peter, additional, Schoeller, Markus, additional, Schuhler, Nicolas, additional, Tristram, Konrad R. W., additional, Wittkowski, Markus, additional, Woillez, Julien, additional, and Zins, Gérard, additional
Published: 2022
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26. MATISSE, the VLTI mid-infrared imaging spectro-interferometer at the time of the first published astrophysical results

Author: Lagarde, Stéphane, primary, Meilland, Anthony, additional, Lopez, Bruno, additional, Petrov, Romain G., additional, Allouche, Fatmé, additional, Matter, Alexis, additional, Augereau, Jean-Charles, additional, Berio, Phillippe, additional, Bettonvil, Felix, additional, van Boekel, Roy, additional, Bristow, Paul, additional, Cruzalèbes, Pierre, additional, Danchi, William C., additional, Glindemann, Andreas, additional, Hadjara, Massinissa, additional, Henninger, Mathias, additional, Hogerheijde, Michiel, additional, Jaffe, Walter, additional, Leftley, James H., additional, Lehmitz, Michael, additional, Millour, Florentin, additional, Paladini, Claudia, additional, Pantin, Eric, additional, Riquelme, Miguel, additional, Rivinius, Thomas, additional, Robbe-Dubois, Sylvie, additional, Schoeller, Markus, additional, Varga, Jozsef, additional, Weigelt, Gerd, additional, Woillez, Julien, additional, and Zins, Gérard, additional
Published: 2022
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27. III. On-sky validation in VLT/SPHERE

Author: Vigan, Arthur, N’Diaye, Mamadou, Dohlen, Kjetil, Sauvage, Jean-François, Milli, Julien, Zins, Gérard, Petit, Cyril, Wahhaj, Zahed, Cantalloube, Faustine, Caillat, Amandine, Costille, Anne, Le merrer, Joël, Carlotti, Alexis, Beuzit, Jean-Luc, Mouillet, David, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Space Telescope Science Institute (STSci), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France, DOTA, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay [Châtillon], ONERA-Université Paris-Saclay, European Southern Observatory [Santiago] (ESO), European Southern Observatory (ESO), Joseph Louis LAGRANGE (LAGRANGE), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie (MPIA), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DOTA, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay (COmUE) [Châtillon], ONERA-Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), and Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])
Subjects: [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], instrumentation: high angular resolution, techniques: high angular resolution, telescopes, instrumentation: adaptive optics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience; Coronagraphic imaging of exoplanets and circumstellar environments using ground-based instruments on large telescopes is intrinsically limited by speckles induced by uncorrected aberrations. These aberrations originate from the imperfect correction of the atmosphere by an extreme adaptive optics system; from static optical defects; or from small opto-mechanical variations due to changes in temperature, pressure, or gravity vector. More than the speckles themselves, the performance of high-contrast imagers is ultimately limited by their temporal stability, since most post-processing techniques rely on difference of images acquired at different points in time. Identifying the origin of the aberrations and the timescales involved is therefore crucial to understanding the fundamental limits of dedicated high-contrast instruments. In previous works we demonstrated the use of a Zernike wavefront sensor called ZELDA for sensing non-common path aberrations (NCPA) in the VLT/SPHERE instrument. We now use ZELDA to investigate the stability of the instrumental aberrations using five long sequences of measurements obtained at high cadence on the internal calibration source. Our study reveals two regimes of decorrelation of the NCPA. The first, with a characteristic timescale of a few seconds and an amplitude of a few nanometers, is induced by a fast internal turbulence within the enclosure. The second is a slow quasi-linear decorrelation on the order of a few 10−3 nmrms s−1 that acts on timescales from minutes to hours. We use coronagraphic image reconstruction to demonstrate that these two NCPA contributions have a measurable impact on differences of images, and that the fast internal turbulence is a dominating term over to the slow linear decorrelation. We also use dedicated sequences where the derotator and atmospheric dispersion compensators emulate a real observation to demonstrate the importance of performing observations symmetric around the meridian, which minimizes speckle decorrelation, and therefore maximizes the sensitivity to point sources in difference of images.
Published: 2022

28. The GRAVITY+ Project: Towards All-sky, Faint-Science, High-Contrast Near-Infrared Interferometry at the VLTI

Author: Collaboration, GRAVITY+, Abuter, Roberto, Alarcon, Patricio, Allouche, Fatme, Amorim, Antonio, Bailet, Christophe, Bedigan, Helen, Berdeu, Anthony, Berger, Jean-Philippe, Berio, Philippe, Bigioli, Azzurra, Blaho, Richard, Boebion, Olivier, Bolzer, Marie-Lena, Bonnet, Henri, Bourdarot, Guillaume, Bourget, Pierre, Brandner, Wolfgang, Cardenas, Cesar, Conzelmann, Ralf, Comin, Mauro, Clénet, Yann, Courtney-Barrer, Benjamin, Dallilar, Yigit, Davies, Ric, Defrère, Denis, Delboulbé, Alain, Delplancke-Ströbele, Françoise, Dembet, Roderick, de Zeeuw, Tim, Drescher, Antonia, Eckart, Andreas, Édouard, Clemence, Eisenhauer, Frank, Fabricius, Maximilian, Feuchtgruber, Helmut, Finger, Gert, Schreiber, Natascha M. Förster, Fuenteseca, Eloy, Garcia, Enrique, Garcia, Paulo, Gao, Feng, Gendron, Eric, Genzel, Reinhard, Gil, Juan Pablo, Gillessen, Stefan, Gomes, Tiago, Gonté, Frédéric, Gouvret, Carole, Guajardo, Patricia, Guidolin, Ivan, Guieu, Sylvain, Guzmann, Ronald, Hackenberg, Wolfgang, Haddad, Nicolas, Hartl, Michael, Haubois, Xavier, Haußmann, Frank, Heißel, Gernot, Henning, Thomas, Hippler, Stefan, Hönig, Sebastian, Horrobin, Matthew, Hubin, Norbert, Jacqmart, Estelle, Jocou, Laurent, Kaufer, Andreas, Kervella, Pierre, Kirchbauer, Jean-Paul, Kolb, Johan, Korhonen, Heidi, Kreidberg, Laura, Krempl, Peter, Lacour, Sylvestre, Lagarde, Stephane, Lai, Olivier, Lapeyrère, Vincent, Laugier, Romain, Bouquin, Jean-Baptiste Le, Leftley, James, Léna, Pierre, Lewis, Steffan, Lutz, Dieter, Magnard, Yves, Mang, Felix, Marcotto, Aurelie, Maurel, Didier, Mérand, Antoine, Millour, Florentin, More, Nikhil, Nowack, Hugo, Nowak, Matthias, Oberti, Sylvain, Olivares, Francisco, Ott, Thomas, Pallanca, Laurent, Paumard, Thibaut, Perraut, Karine, Perrin, Guy, Petrov, Romain, Pfuhl, Oliver, Pourré, Nicolas, Rabien, Sebastian, Rau, Christian, Riquelme, Miguel, Robbe-Dubois, Sylvie, Rochat, Sylvain, Salman, Muhammad, Scherbarth, Malte, Schöller, Markus, Schubert, Joseph, Schuhler, Nicolas, Shangguan, Jinyi, Shchekaturov, Pavel, Shimizu, Taro, Scheithauer, Silvia, Sevin, Arnaud, Soenke, Christian, Soulez, Ferreol, Spang, Alain, Stadler, Eric, Straubmeier, Christian, Sturm, Eckhard, Sykes, Calvin, Tacconi, Linda, Tischer, Helmut, Tristram, Konrad, Vincent, Frédéric, von Fellenberg, Sebastiano, Uysal, Sinem, Widmann, Felix, Wieprecht, Ekkehard, Wiezorrek, Erich, Woillez, Julien, Yazıcı, Şenol, and Zins, Gérard
Subjects: FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
Abstract: The GRAVITY instrument has been revolutionary for near-infrared interferometry by pushing sensitivity and precision to previously unknown limits. With the upgrade of GRAVITY and the Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI) in GRAVITY+, these limits will be pushed even further, with vastly improved sky coverage, as well as faint-science and high-contrast capabilities. This upgrade includes the implementation of wide-field off-axis fringe-tracking, new adaptive optics systems on all Unit Telescopes, and laser guide stars in an upgraded facility. GRAVITY+ will open up the sky to the measurement of black hole masses across cosmic time in hundreds of active galactic nuclei, use the faint stars in the Galactic centre to probe General Relativity, and enable the characterisation of dozens of young exoplanets to study their formation, bearing the promise of another scientific revolution to come at the VLTI., Comment: Published in the ESO Messenger
Published: 2022
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29. First four telescopes large-separation off-axis fringe-tracking interferometry with GRAVITY at the VLTI

Author: Gao, Feng, primary, Eisenhauer, Frank, additional, Woillez, Julien, additional, Bourget, Pierre, additional, Chazelas, Bruno, additional, Dembet, Roderick, additional, Gonté, Frédéric Yves J., additional, Ott, Jürgen, additional, Schuhler, Nicolas, additional, Zins, Gérard, additional, Haussmann, Frank, additional, Hartl, Michael, additional, Gillessen, Stefan, additional, Genzel, Reinhard, additional, Perrin, Guy S., additional, Brandner, Wolfgang, additional, Paumard, Thibaut, additional, Rousselet-Perraut, Karine, additional, Garcia, Paulo J. V., additional, Straubmeier, Christian, additional, Amorim, António, additional, Ott, Thomas, additional, Widmann, Felix, additional, Shangguan, Jinyi, additional, Straub, Odèle, additional, von Fellenberg, Sebastiano, additional, Sturm, Eckhard, additional, Pfuhl, Oliver, additional, Bauböck, Michi, additional, Jimenez-Rosales, Alejandra, additional, Horrobin, Matthew, additional, Stadler, Julia, additional, Lutz, Dieter, additional, Shimizu, Taro, additional, Drescher, Antonia, additional, and Bolzer, Mari-lena, additional
Published: 2020
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30. Infrared wavefront sensing for adaptive optics assisted galactic center observations with GRAVITY

Author: Hippler, Stefan, primary, Brandner, Wolfgang, additional, Scheithauer, Silvia, additional, Kulas, Martin, additional, Panduro, Johana, additional, Bizenberger, Peter, additional, Bonnet, Henri, additional, Deen, Casey, additional, Delplancke-Ströbele, Françoise, additional, Eisenhauer, Frank, additional, Finger, Gert, additional, Hubert, Zoltan, additional, Kolb, Johann, additional, Müller, Eric, additional, Pallanca, Laurent, additional, Woillez, Julien, additional, and Zins, Gérard, additional
Published: 2020
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31. VLTI status update: tapping into a powerful second-generation instrumentation

Author: Haubois, Xavier, primary, Abuter, Roberto, additional, Aller-Carpentier, Emmanuel, additional, Alonso, Jaime, additional, Beltran, Juan, additional, Berger, Jean-Philippe, additional, Bourget, Pierre, additional, Bristow, Paul, additional, Caniguante, Luis, additional, Chazelas, Bruno, additional, Cid, Claudia, additional, Conzelmann, Ralf D., additional, Cortes, Angela, additional, Darré, Pascaline, additional, Delboulbe, Alain, additional, Delplancke-Ströbele, Françoise, additional, Del Valle, Diego, additional, Dembet, Roderick, additional, Donoso, Reinaldo, additional, Dupuy, Christophe, additional, Egner, Sébastien E., additional, Eisenhauer, Frank, additional, Faundez, Lorena, additional, Fuenteseca, Eloy, additional, Frahm, Robert, additional, Gaytan, Daniel, additional, Gil, Juan Pablo, additional, Glindemann, Andreas, additional, Gonté, Frédéric Yves J., additional, Gonzales, Jaime, additional, Guajardo, Patricia, additional, Guerlet, Thibaut, additional, Guieu, Sylvain, additional, Gutierrez, Pablo, additional, Haguenauer, Pierre, additional, Vanderheyden, Pierre, additional, Huber, Stefan, additional, Hubin, Norbert, additional, Hummel, Christian A., additional, Jochum, Lieselotte, additional, Jocou, Laurent, additional, Kirchbauer, Jean-Paul, additional, Kolb, Johann, additional, Kosmalski, Johan, additional, Krempl, Peter, additional, Lacour, Sylvestre, additional, Le Bouquin, Jean-Baptiste, additional, Leclercq, Julien, additional, Lizon, Jean-Louis, additional, Lopez, Bruno, additional, Magnard, Yves, additional, Meilland, Anthony, additional, Meister, Alexander, additional, Mérand, Antoine, additional, Mieske, Steffen, additional, Moulin, Thibaut, additional, Osorio, Juan, additional, Ott, Jürgen, additional, Paladini, Claudia, additional, Pallanca, Laurent, additional, Pavez, Marcus, additional, Pasquini, Luca, additional, Pelluet, Célia, additional, Percheron, Isabelle, additional, Pettazzi, Lorenzo, additional, Pino Pavez, Andres, additional, Poupar, Sebastien, additional, Ramírez, Andres F., additional, Reyes-Moreno, Javier, additional, Riquelme, Miguel, additional, Rivinius, Thomas, additional, Rochat, Sylvain, additional, Salgado, Fernando, additional, Schoeller, Markus, additional, Schuhler, Nicolas, additional, Shchekaturov, Pavel, additional, Stephan, Christian, additional, Suárez Valles, Marcos, additional, Smette, Alain, additional, Tamblay, Richard, additional, Tapia, Mario, additional, Tristram, Konrad R. W., additional, Valdes, Guillermo, additional, Verinaud, Christophe, additional, Wittkowski, Markus, additional, Woillez, Julien, additional, and Zins, Gérard, additional
Published: 2020
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32. First light of NIRPS, the near-infrared adaptive-optics assisted high resolution spectrograph for the ESO 3.6m

Author: Evans, Christopher J., Bryant, Julia J., Motohara, Kentaro, Wildi, François, Bouchy, François, Doyon, René, Blind, Nicolas, Genolet, Ludovic, Sordet, Michael, Segovia, Alex, Grieves, Nolan, Malo, Lison, Artigau, Étienne, St-Antoine, Jonathan, Vallée, Philippe, Rasilla, Jose Luis, Gracia Temich, Felix, Poulin-Girard, Anne-Sophie, Brousseau, Denis, Sosnowska, Danuta, Reshetov, Vlad, Baron, Frédérique, Thibault, Simon, Bovay, Sébastien, Frensch, Yolanda, Lo Curto, Gaspare, Hubin, Norbert, Zins, Gérard, Peroux, Céline, and Cabral, Alexandre
Published: 2022
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33. MATISSE, the VLTI mid-infrared imaging spectro-interferometer at the time of the first published astrophysical results

Author: Mérand, Antoine, Sallum, Stephanie, Sanchez-Bermudez, Joel, Lagarde, Stéphane, Meilland, Anthony, Lopez, Bruno, Petrov, Romain G., Allouche, Fatmé, Matter, Alexis, Augereau, Jean-Charles, Berio, Phillippe, Bettonvil, Felix, van Boekel, Roy, Bristow, Paul, Cruzalèbes, Pierre, Danchi, William C., Glindemann, Andreas, Hadjara, Massinissa, Henninger, Mathias, Hogerheijde, Michiel, Jaffe, Walter, Leftley, James, Lehmitz, Michael, Millour, Florentin, Paladini, Claudia, Pantin, Eric, Riquelme, Miguel, Rivinius, Thomas, Robbe-Dubois, Sylvie, Schoeller, Markus, Varga, Jozsef, Weigelt, Gerd, Woillez, Julien, and Zins, Gérard
Published: 2022
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34. Design, pointing control, and on-sky performance of the mid-infrared vortex coronagraph for the VLT/NEAR experiment

Author: Maire, Anne-Lise, primary, Huby, Elsa, additional, Absil, Olivier, additional, Zins, Gérard, additional, Kasper, Markus, additional, Delacroix, Christian, additional, Leveratto, Serban, additional, Karlsson, Mikael, additional, Ruane, Garreth, additional, Käufl, Hans-Ulrich, additional, Orban de Xivry, Gilles, additional, Pathak, Prashant, additional, Pettazzi, Lorenzo, additional, Duhoux, Philippe, additional, Kolb, Johan, additional, Pantin, Éric, additional, Riggs, A. J. Eldorado, additional, Siebenmorgen, Ralf, additional, and Mawet, Dimitri, additional
Published: 2020
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35. Bringing the New Adaptive Optics Module for Interferometry (NAOMI) into Operation

Author: Gonté, Frédéric, Abad, Jose Antonio, Abuter, Roberto, Aller Carpentier, Emmanuel, Alonso, Jaime, Andofalto, Luigi, Barriga, Pablo, Berger, Jean-Philippe, Beuzit, Jean-Luc, Blanchard, Israel, Bonnet, Henri, Bourdarot, Guillaume, Bourget, Pierre, Brast, Roland, Bristow, Paul, Caniguante, Luis, Cerda, Susana, Cid, Claudia, Correa, Alex, Cottalorda, Eric, Courtney-Barrer, Benjamin, Darré, Pascaline, Delabre, Bernard, Delboulbé, Alain, Dembet, Roderick, Donaldson, Ronald, Dorn, Reinhold, Dupeyron, Jorge, Dupuy, Christophe, Egner, Sebastian, Eisenhauer, Frank, Faundez, Lorena, Fedrigo, Enrico, Fischer, Gerhard, Frank, Christoph, Fuenteseca, Eloy, Gitton, Philippe, Guerlet, Thibaut, Guieu, Sylvain, Gutierrez, Pablo, Haguenauer, Pierre, Haimerl, Andreas, Haubois, Xavier, Heritier, Cédric, Huber, Stefan, Hubin, Norbert, Jolley, Paul, Jocou, Laurent, Kirchbauer, Jean-Paul, Kolb, Johann, Kosmalski, Johan, Krempl, Peter, La Fuente, Carlos, Le Bouquin, Jean-Baptiste, Le Louarn, Miska, Lilley, Paul, Lopez, Bruno, Lopez, Marcelo, Magnard, Yves, Marchetti, Enrico, Mclay, Stewart, Meilland, Anthony, Meister, Alexander, Mérand, Antoine, Moulin, Thibaut, Pasquini, Luca, Paufique, Jérôme, Percheron, Isabelle, Pettazzi, Lorenzo, Pfuhl, Oliver, Phan, Duc, Pino, Andres, Pirani, Werther, Quentin, Jutta, Rakich, Andrew, Ramirez, Andrés, Ridings, Robert, Riedel, Mario, Reyes, Javier, Rochat, Sylvain, Sanchez, Juan, Santos Tomás, Gonsalo, Schmid, Christian, Shchekaturov, Pavel, Schuhler, Nicolas, Seidel, Matthias, Soenke, Christian, Stadler, Eric, Stephan, Christian, Suárez, Marcos, Todorović, Mirko, Valdes, Guillermo, Verinaud, Cristophe, Woillez, Julien, Zins, Gérard, and Zúñiga-Fernández, Sebastian
Abstract: NAOMI was developed by a consortium composed of IPAG and ESO. Its Provisional Acceptance Chile review was held in April 2019. The NAOMI systems that have been installed on the Auxiliary Telescopes make the Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI) and its instruments much less dependent on the atmospheric and dome seeing conditions. NAOMI increases the interferometer’s operability and improves the performance of its instruments and, very early on, was identified as being critical to the VLTI. In this article, we review the project, describe its principles and architecture, and offer a preview of the improvements it brings to VLTI instruments., Published in The Messenger vol. 177, pp. 19-23, September 2019.
Published: 2019
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36. NIRPS near-infrared spectrograph: AITV phase at ESO3.6m/La Silla

Author: Bryant, Julia J., Motohara, Kentaro, Vernet, Joël R. D., Malo, Lison, Baron, Frédérique, Poulin-Girard, Anne-Sophie, Vallée, Philippe, St-Antoine, Jonathan, Brousseau, Denis, Auger, Hugues, Reshetov, Vladimir, Wildi, François, Sordet, Michaël, Artigau, Étienne, Doyon, René, Thibault, Simon, Bouchy, François, Cook, Neil J., Frensch, Yolanda, Lo Curto, Gaspare, Zins, Gérard, Sosnowska, Danuta, Wevers, Ivan, Kerley, Dan, Allain, Guillaume, Allart, Romain, Hubin, Norbert, Cadieux, Charles, Carmona, Andres, Challita, Zalpha, Grieves, Nolan, Hernandez, Olivier, Vandal, Thomas, Blind, Nicolas, Mignon, Lucile, Nielsen, Louise, Pepe, Francesco, Dumusque, Xavier, Lovis, Christophe, Canto Martins, Bruno L., de Medeiros, José Renan, Delfosse, Xavier, Santos, Nuno, González-Hernández, Jonay I., Rebolo, Rafael, Wade, Gregg, Abreu, Manuel, Barros, Susana, Bazinet, Luc, Boisse, Isabelle, Bonfils, Xavier, Bourrier, Vincent, Bovay, Sébastien, Broeg, Christopher, Bruniquel, Vincent, Cabral, Alexandre, Carteret, Yann, Chazelas, Bruno, Cloutier, Ryan, Coelho, João, Cointepas, Marion, Conod, Uriel, Cowan, Nicolas, Cristo, Eduardo, Gomes da Silva, Joao, Dauplaise, Laurie, de Lima Gomes, Roseane, Delgado-Mena, Elisa, Ehrenreich, David, Faria, Joao, Figueira, Pedro, Forveille, Thierry, Gagne, Jonathan, Genest, Frederic, Genolet, Ludovic, Gracia Témich, Félix, Hobson, Melissa J., Hoeijmakers, Jens, Krishnamurthy, Vigneshwaran, Lafreniere, David, Lamontagne, Pierrot, Larue, Pierre, Leath, Henry, Leão, Izan C., Lim, Olivia, Martins, Allan M., Melo, Claudio, Messias, Yuri S., Moranta, Leslie, Mordasini, Christoph, Al Moulla, Khaled, Mounzer, Dany, L’Heureux, Alexandrine, Nari, Nicola, Osborn, Ares, Parc, Lena, Pasquini, Luca, Passegger, Vera M., Pelletier, Stefan, Peroux, Celine, Piaulet, Caroline, Plotnykov, Mykhaylo, Rasilla, José Luis, Sarajlic, Mirsad, Segovia, Alex, Seidel, Julia, Segransan, Damien, Costa Silva, Ana Rita, Srivastava, Avidaan, Stefanov, Atanas K., Suárez Mascareño, Alejandro, Teixeira, Marcio A., Udry, Stephane, Valencia, Diana, Vaulato, Valentina, Wardenier, Joost P., Wehbé, Bachar, Weisserman, Drew, Kung, Benjamin, Boucher, Anne, Schnell, Robin, Silber, Armin, Saviane, Ivo, Pompei, Emanuela, and Sinclaire, Peter
Published: 2024
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37. Preliminary characterization and verification of 4MOST in Europe

Author: Bryant, Julia J., Motohara, Kentaro, Vernet, Joël R. D., Micheva, Genoveva, Bellido-Tirado, Olga, Brynnel, Joar, Frey, Steffen, Kelz, Andreas, de Jong, Roelof S., Saviauk, Allar, Winkler, Roland, Laurent, Florence, Seifert, Walter, Stilz, Ingo, Rothmaier, Florian, Pramskiy, Alexander, Lehmitz, Michael, Gaessler, Wolfgang, Politopoulos, Ioannis, Irwin, Jonathan, Irwin, Michael J., Krogager, Jens-Kristian, Zins, Gérard, Quirrenbach, Andreas, and Xu, Wenli
Published: 2024
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38. First Light for GRAVITY: A New Era for Optical Interferometry

Author: Abuter, Roberto, Accardo, Matteo, Antonio, Amorim, Narsireddy, Anugu, Avila, Gerardo, Benisty, Myriam, Berger, Jean-Philippe, Blind, Nicolas, Bonnet, Henri, Bourget, Pierre, Brandner, Wolfgang, Brast, Roland, Buron, Alexander, Cassaing, Frederic, Chapron, Frédéric, Choquet, Elodie, Clénet, Yann, Collin, Claude, Coudé du Forestol, Vincent, de Wit, Willem-Jan, De Zeeuw, Tim, Casey, Deen, Delplancke-Ströbele, Françoise, Dembet, Roderick, Derie, Frédéric, Dexter, Jason, Duvert, Gilles, Ebert, Monica, Eckart, Andreas, Eisenhauer, Frank, Michael, Esselborn, Fédou, Pierre, Finger, Gert, Garcia, Paulo, Garcia Dabo, Cesar Enrique, Garcia Lopez, Rebeca, Gao, Feng, Gendron, Eric, Genzel, Reinhard, Gillessen, Stefan, Conté, Frédéric, Gordo, Paulo, Grould, Marion, Groözinger, Ulrich, Guieu, Sylvain, Haguenauer, Pierre, Hans, Olivier, Haubois, Xavier, Haug, Marcus, Haussmann, Frank, Henning, Thomas, Hippler, Stefan, Horrobin, Matthew, Huber, Armin, Hubert, Zoltan, Hubin, Norbert, Hummel, Christian, Jakob, Gerd, Jochum, Lieselotte, Jocou, Laurent, Karl, Martina, Kaufer, Andreas, Kellner, Stefan, Kendrew, Sarah, Kern, Lothar, Kervella, Pierre, Kiekebusch, Mario, Klein, Ralf, Kolb, Johan, Kulas, Martin, Lacour, Sylvestre, Lapeyrère, Vincent, Lazareff, Bernard, Le Bouquin, Jean-Baptiste, Léna, Pierre, Lenzen, Rainer, Levêque, Samuel, Lippa, Magdalena, Magnard, Yves, Mehrgan, Leander, Mellein, Marcus, Merand, Antoine, Moreno-Ventas, Javier, Moulin, Thibaut, Müller, Eric, Müller, Friedrich, Neumann, Udo, Oberti, Sylvain, Ott, Thomas, Pallanca, Laurent, Panduro, Johana, Pasquini, Luca, Paumard, Thibaut, Percheron, Isabelle, Perraut, Karine, Perrin, Guy, Petrucci, Pierre-Olivier, Pflüger, Andreas, Pfuhl, Olivier, Duc, Thanh Phan, Plewa, Philipp, Popovic, Dan, Rabien, Sebastian, Ramirez, Andres, Ramos, Jose, Rau, Christian, Riquelme, Miguel, Rodriguez-Coira, Gustavo, Rohloff, Ralf-Rainer, Rosales, Alejandra, Rousset, Gérard, Sanchez-Bermudez, Joel, Scheithauer, Sylvia, Schöller, Marcus, Schuhler, Nicolas, Spyromilio, Jason, Straub, Odele, Straubmeier, Christian, Sturm, Eckhard, Suarez, Marco, Tristram, Konrad, Ventura, Noel, Vincent, Frédéric, Waisberg, Idel, Wank, Imke, Widmann, Felix, Wieprecht, Ekkehard, Wiest, Michael, Wiezorrek, Erich, Wittkowski, Markus, Woillez, Julien, Wolff, Burkhard, Yazici, Senol, Ziegler, Denis, Zins, Gérard, European Southern Observatory (ESO), CENTRA, Universidade de Lisboa, Universidade do Porto = University of Porto, Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Observatoire Astronomique de l'Université de Genève (ObsGE), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie (MPIA), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics (MPE), ONERA - The French Aerospace Lab [Châtillon], ONERA-Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Leiden Observatory [Leiden], Universiteit Leiden, Physikalisches Institut [Köln], Universität zu Köln = University of Cologne, Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy, Department of Physics [Berkeley], University of California [Berkeley] (UC Berkeley), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), Universidad de Santiago de Chile [Santiago] (USACH), European Southern Observatory [Santiago] (ESO), CENTRA, Universidade do Porto, Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Genève (UNIGE), ONERA, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Universiteit Leiden [Leiden], Universität zu Köln, University of California [Berkeley], University of California-University of California, European Space Agency (ESA), and Universidade do Porto
Subjects: COPHASAGE, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, INTERFEROMETRIE GRANDE BASE, LONG-BASELINE INTERFEROMETRY, IMAGERIE INTERFEROMETRIQUE, 01 natural sciences, INTERFEROMETRIC IMAGING, VLTI, PHASE TRACKING, ASTROMETRY, 0103 physical sciences, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, ASTROMETRIE, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing
Abstract: With the arrival of the second generation instrument GRAVITY, the Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI) has entered a new era of optical interferometry. This instrument pushes the limits of accuracy and sensitivity by orders of magnitude. GRAVITY has achieved phase-referenced imaging at approximately milliarcsecond (mas) resolution and down to ~ 100-microarcsecond astrometry on objects that are several hundred times fainter than previously observable. The cutting-edge design presented in Eisenhauer et al. (2011) has become reality. This article sketches out the basic principles of the instrument design and illustrates its performance with key science results obtained during commissioning: phase-tracking on stars with K ~ 10 mag, phase-referenced interferometry of objects fainter than K ≳ 17 mag, minute-long coherent integrations, a visibility accuracy of better than 0.25 %, and spectro-differential phase and closure phase accuracy better than 0.5 degrees, corresponding to a differential astrometric precision of a few microarcseconds (μas)., Published in The Messenger vol. 170, pp. 10-15, December 2017.
Published: 2017

39. First light for GRAVITY: Phase referencing optical interferometry for the Very Large Telescope Interferometer

Author: Abuter, Roberto, Accardo, Matteo, Antonio, Amorim, Narsireddy, Anugu, Avila, Gerardo, Azouaoui, N., Benisty, Myriam, Berger, Jean-Philippe, Blind, Nicolas, Bonnet, Henri, Bourget, Pierre, Brandner, Wolfgang, Brast, Roland, Buron, Alexander, Burtscher, L., Cassaing, Frederic, Chapron, Frédéric, Choquet, Elodie, Clénet, Yann, Collin, Claude, Coudé du Forestol, Vincent, de Wit, Willem-Jan, De Zeeuw, Tim, Casey, Deen, Delplancke-Ströbele, Françoise, Dembet, Roderick, Derie, Frédéric, Dexter, Jason, Duvert, Gilles, Ebert, Monica, Eckart, Andreas, Eisenhauer, Frank, Michael, Esselborn, Fédou, Pierre, Finger, Gert, Garcia, Paulo, Garcia Dabo, Cesar Enrique, Garcia Lopez, Rebeca, Gendron, Eric, Genzel, Reinhard, Gillessen, Stefan, Conté, Frédéric, Gordo, Paulo, Grould, Marion, Groözinger, Ulrich, Guieu, Sylvain, Haguenauer, Pierre, Hans, Olivier, Haubois, Xavier, Haug, Marcus, Haussmann, Frank, Henning, Thomas, Hippler, Stefan, Horrobin, Matthew, Huber, Armin, Hubert, Zoltan, Hubin, Norbert, Hummel, Christian, Jakob, Gerd, Janssen, A., Jochum, Lieselotte, Jocou, Laurent, Kaufer, Andreas, Kellner, Stefan, Kendrew, Sarah, Kern, Lothar, Kervella, Pierre, Kiekebusch, Mario, Klein, Ralf, Kok, Y., Kolb, Johan, Kulas, Martin, Lacour, Sylvestre, Lapeyrère, Vincent, Lazareff, Bernard, Le Bouquin, Jean-Baptiste, Léna, Pierre, Lenzen, Rainer, Levêque, Samuel, Lippa, Magdalena, Magnard, Yves, Mehrgan, Leander, Mellein, Marcus, Merand, Antoine, Moreno-Ventas, Javier, Moulin, Thibaut, Müller, Eric, Müller, Fredrich, Neumann, Udo, Oberti, Sylvain, Ott, Thomas, Pallanca, Laurent, Panduro, Johana, Pasquini, Luca, Paumard, Thibaut, Percheron, Isabelle, Perraut, Karine, Perrin, Guy, Pflüger, Andreas, Pfuhl, Olivier, Duc, Thanh Phan, Plewa, Philipp, Popovic, Dan, Rabien, Sebastian, Ramirez, Andres, Ramos, Jose, Rau, Christian, Riquelme, Miguel, Rohloff, Ralf-Rainer, Rousset, Gérard, Sanchez-Bermudez, Joel, Scheithauer, Sylvia, Schöller, Marcus, Schuhler, Nicolas, Spyromilio, Jason, Straubmeier, Christian, Sturm, Eckhard, Suarez, Marco, Tristram, Konrad, Ventura, Noel, Vincent, Frédéric, Waisberg, Idel, Wank, Imke, Weber, J., Wieprecht, Ekkehard, Wiest, Michael, Wiezorrek, Erich, Wittkowski, Markus, Woillez, Julien, Wolff, Burkhard, Yazici, Senol, Ziegler, Denis, Zins, Gérard, European Southern Observatory (ESO), CENTRA, Universidade de Lisboa, Universidade do Porto, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Observatoire Astronomique de l'Université de Genève (ObsGE), Université de Genève (UNIGE), Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie (MPIA), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics (MPE), Leiden Observatory [Leiden], Universiteit Leiden [Leiden], ONERA - The French Aerospace Lab [Châtillon], ONERA-Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), Physikalisches Institut [Köln], Universität zu Köln, Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy, Department of Physics [Berkeley], University of California [Berkeley], University of California-University of California, European Space Agency (ESA), European Southern Observatory [Santiago] (ESO), and GRAVITY Collaboration
Subjects: ADAPTIVE OPTICS, CENTER, Galaxy: center, INTERFEROMETRIE GRANDE BASE, stars: pre-main sequence, ÉTOILE DOUBLE, QUASAR, instrumentation: adaptive optics, OPTIQUE ADAPTATIVE, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-SPACE-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Space Physics [physics.space-ph], GALAXY, quasars: emission lines, EMISSION LINE, INSTRUMENTATION OPTIQUE, INSTRUMENTATION, binaries: symbiotic, INTERFEROMETERS, instrumentation: interferometers, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], CENTRE GALACTIQUE, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing
Abstract: International audience; GRAVITY is a new instrument to coherently combine the light of the European Southern Observatory Very Large Telescope Interferometer to form a telescope with an equivalent 130 m diameter angular resolution and a collecting area of 200 m2. The instrument comprises fiber fed integrated optics beam combination, high resolution spectroscopy, built-in beam analysis and control, near-infrared wavefront sensing, phase-tracking, dual-beam operation, and laser metrology. GRAVITY opens up to optical/infrared interferometry the techniques of phase referenced imaging and narrow angle astrometry, in many aspects following the concepts of radio interferometry. This article gives an overview of GRAVITY and reports on the performance and the first astronomical observations during commissioning in 2015/16. We demonstrate phase-tracking on stars as faint as mK ≈ 10 mag, phase-referenced interferometry of objects fainter than mK ≈ 15 mag with a limiting magnitude of mK ≈ 17 mag, minute long coherent integrations, a visibility accuracy of better than 0.25%, and spectro-differential phase and closure phase accuracy better than 0.5°, corresponding to a differential astrometric precision of better than ten microarcseconds (μas). The dual-beam astrometry, measuring the phase difference of two objects with laser metrology, is still under commissioning. First observations show residuals as low as 50 μas when following objects over several months. We illustrate the instrument performance with the observations of archetypical objects for the different instrument modes. Examples include the Galactic center supermassive black hole and its fast orbiting star S2 for phase referenced dual-beam observations and infrared wavefront sensing, the high mass X-ray binary BP Cru and the active galactic nucleus of PDS 456 for a few μas spectro-differential astrometry, the T Tauri star S CrA for a spectro-differential visibility analysis, ξ Tel and 24 Cap for high accuracy visibility observations, and η Car for interferometric imaging with GRAVITY.; GRAVITY est un nouvel instrument permettant la recombinaison interférométrique des télescopes du VLT (Very Large Telescope) de l'ESO (European Southern Observatory) pour former un télescope avec une limite de résolution équivalente à un diamètre 130 m et une surface collectrice de 200 m². L'instrument inclut un dispositif en optique intégré alimenté par fibre pour recombinaison des faisceaux, un spectromètre à haute résolution, des dispositifs intégrés d'analyse et de contrôle, un analyse de surface d'onde en infrarouge (IR) proche, un suiveur de frange, un mode double champ et une métrologie laser. GRAVITY fait office de précurseur en introduisant en interférométrie optique/IR les techniques de référence de phase et d'astrométrie à faible champ, inspirées des concepts développés en radio-interférométrie. Cet article donne un aperçu de GRAVITY et rend compte des performances et des premières observations astronomiques lors de la mise en service en 2015/16. Nous démontrons le suivi de phase sur des étoiles aussi faible que mK ≈ 10 mag, l'interférométrie par référence de phase sur des objets plus faibles que mK ≈ 15 mag avec une magnitude limite de mK ≈ 17 mag, des intégrations cohérentes pendant une minute, une précision de mesure de visibilité meilleure que 0,25%, et une précision sur la mesure des phases différentielles spectrales ou des clôtures de phase meilleure que 0,5 °, correspondant à une précision astrométrique différentielle meilleure que dix microsecondes d'arc (μas). L'astrométrie à double champ, mesurant la différence de phase entre deux objets avec métrologie laser, est encore en cours de test. Les premières observations montrent des résidus aussi bas que 50 μas en suivant des objets sur plusieurs mois. Nous illustrons la performance de l'instrument avec les observations d'objets archétypiques pour les différents modes d'instrument. Les exemples comprennent le trou noir supermassif du centre galactique et son étoile S2 en orbite rapide pour les observations à double champ avec référence de phase et analyse de front d'onde IR, l'étoile binaire massive BP Cru à émission X et le noyau galactique actif de PDS 456 pour quelques cas de spectro-astrométrie différentielle avec quelques μas de précision, l'étoile S CrA (de type T Tauri) pour une analyse spectro-différentielle de visibilité, les étoiles ξ Tel et 24 Cap pour des observations de visibilité de haute précision, et η Car pour une imagerie interférométrique avec GRAVITY.
Published: 2017

40. On-sky compensation of non-common path aberrations with the ZELDA wavefront sensor in VLT/SPHERE

Author: Vigan, Arthur, primary, N'Diaye, Mamadou, primary, Dohlen, Kjetil, primary, Milli, Julien, primary, Wahhaj, Zahed, primary, Sauvage, Jean-François, primary, Beuzit, Jean-Luc, primary, Pourcelot, Raphaël, primary, Mouillet, David, primary, and Zins, Gérard, primary
Published: 2018
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41. The MICADO first-light imager for the ELT: towards the preliminary design review of the MICADO-MAORY SCAO

Author: Zins, Gérard, primary, Perrot, Clément, primary, Clénet, Yann, primary, Buey, Jean-Tristan M., primary, Gendron, Éric, primary, Hubert, Zoltán, primary, Vidal, Fabrice, primary, Cohen, Mathieu, primary, Sevin, Arnaud, primary, Ferreira, Florian, primary, Durand, Sébastien, primary, Baudoz, Pierre, primary, Chapron, Frédéric, primary, Nguyen-Tuong, Napoléon, primary, Gratadour, Damien, primary, Rousset, Gérard, primary, Diolaiti, Emiliano, primary, Ciliegi, Paolo, primary, Esposito, Simone, primary, Busoni, Lorenzo, primary, Schubert, Josef, primary, Hartl, Michael, primary, Hörmann, Veronika, primary, Davies, Richard, primary, Le Ruyet, Bertrand, primary, Huby, Elsa, primary, Barbary, Gaele, primary, Huet, Jean-Michel, primary, Dupuis, Olivier, primary, Fedou, Pierre, primary, Thijs, Simone, primary, Deo, Vincent, primary, Younès, Youssef, primary, Feautrier, Philippe, primary, Borgo, Bruno, primary, Ben Nejma, Saber, primary, Chambouleyron, Vincent, primary, and Gaudemard, Julien, primary
Published: 2018
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42. VLTI status update: three years into the second generation

Author: Abad, José Antonio, primary, Abuter, Roberto, primary, Aller-Carpentier, Emmanuel, primary, Alonso, Jaime, primary, Andolfato, Luigi, primary, Barriga, Pablo José, primary, Beltran, Juan, primary, Berger, Jean-Philippe, primary, Fuentaseca, Eloy, primary, Woillez, Julien, primary, Gonté, Frédéric, primary, Egner, Sébastien, primary, Mérand, Antoine, primary, Haubois, Xavier, primary, Schuhler, Nicolas, primary, Darré, Pascaline, primary, Bourget, Pierre, primary, Brast, Roland, primary, Bristow, Paul, primary, Caniguante, Luis, primary, Conzelmann, Ralf, primary, Cortes, Angela, primary, Delboulbé, Alain, primary, Delplancke-Ströbele, Françoise, primary, Del Valle, Diego, primary, Dembet, Roderick, primary, Derie, Frédéric, primary, Donoso, Reinaldo, primary, Duhoux, Philippe, primary, Dupuy, Christophe, primary, Föster, Andreas, primary, Frahm, Robert, primary, Gaytan, Daniel, primary, Glindemann, Andreas, primary, Gonzales, Jaime, primary, Guerlet, Thibaut, primary, Guieu, Sylvain, primary, Guisard, Stéphane, primary, Gutierrez, Pablo, primary, Haguenauer, Pierre, primary, Haimerl, Andreas, primary, van der Heyden, Pierre, primary, Huber, Stefan, primary, Hubin, Norbert, primary, Jochum, Lieselotte, primary, Jocou, Laurent, primary, Jolley, Paul, primary, Kirchbauer, Jean-Paul, primary, Kolb, Johann, primary, Kosmalski, Johan, primary, Krempl, Peter, primary, Le Bouquin, Jean-Baptiste, primary, Lévêque, Samuel, primary, Lilley, Paul, primary, Lizon, Jean-Louis, primary, Magnard, Yves, primary, Mardones, Pedro, primary, Meister, Alexandre, primary, Moulin, Thibaut, primary, Osorio, Juan, primary, Ott, Jürgen, primary, Pallanca, Laurent, primary, Paufique, Jérôme, primary, Pavez, Marcus, primary, Pasquini, Luca, primary, Percheron, Isabelle, primary, Pettazzi, Lorenzo, primary, Duc, Thanh Phan, primary, Pirard, Jean-François, primary, Pino, Andres, primary, Poupar, Sébastien, primary, Quentin, Juta, primary, Ramírez, Andrés, primary, Reyes, Javier, primary, Ridings, Robert, primary, Rochat, Sylvain, primary, Rivinius, Thomas, primary, Salgado, Fernando, primary, Schöller, Markus, primary, Shchekaturov, Pavel, primary, Stephan, Christian, primary, Suarez, Marcos, primary, Tamblay, Richard, primary, Tapia, mario, primary, Tristram, Konrad, primary, Valdes, Guillermo, primary, Verinaud, Christophe, primary, de Wit, Willem-Jan, primary, and Zins, Gérard, primary
Published: 2018
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43. MATISSE: Performance in laboratory, results of AIV in Paranal, and first results on sky

Author: Lagarde, Stéphane, primary, Robbe-Dubois, Sylvie, primary, Allouche, Fatmé, primary, Berio, Philippe, primary, Lopez, Bruno, primary, Petrov, Romain, primary, Millour, Florentin, primary, Matter, Alexis, primary, Cruzalèbes, Pierre, primary, Antonelli, Pierre, primary, Bailet, Christophe, primary, Bresson, Yves, primary, Clausse, Jean-Michel, primary, Fantei-Caujolle, Yan, primary, Marcotto, Aurélie, primary, Meilland, Anthony, primary, Morel, Sebastien, primary, Rousseau, Sylvain, primary, Soulain, Anthony, primary, Zins, Gérard, primary, Laun, Werner, primary, Adler, Tobias, primary, Klein, Ralf, primary, Maurer, Tobias, primary, Eldswick, Eddy, primary, Heininger, Matthias, primary, Bristow, Paul, primary, Glindemann, Andreas, primary, Hubin, Norbert, primary, Jochum, Liselotte, primary, Rivinus, Thomas, primary, Schoeller, Markus, primary, Beltran, Juan, primary, Bourget, Pierre, primary, Gallenne, Alexandre, primary, Guerlet, Thibaut, primary, Haubois, Xavier, primary, Ives, Derek, primary, Jakob, Gerd, primary, Meister, Alexander, primary, Riquelme, Miguel, primary, Schuhler, Nicolas, primary, Stephan, Christian, primary, Toledo, Pedro, primary, Tristam, Konrad, primary, Woillez, Julien, primary, Neumann, Udo, primary, Chelli, Alain, primary, Guitton, Florence, primary, Meisenheimer, Klaus, primary, Pichon, Bernard, primary, Spang, Alain, primary, Varga, Jozsef, primary, Henning, Thomas, primary, Jaffe, Walter, primary, Pasquini, Luca, primary, Stee, Philippe, primary, Weigelt, Gerd, primary, Bettonvil, Felix, primary, Lehmitz, Michael, primary, and Beckmann, Udo, primary
Published: 2018
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44. Commissioning MATISSE: first results

Author: Cruzalèbes, Pierre, primary, Lagarde, Stéphane, primary, Robbe-Dubois, Sylvie, primary, Lopez, Bruno, primary, Berio, Philippe, primary, Millour, Florentin, primary, Allouche, Fatmé, primary, Fanteï-Caujolle, Yan, primary, Petrov, Romain, primary, Jaffe, Walter, primary, Matter, Alexis, primary, Meilland, Anthony, primary, Morel, Sebastien, primary, Paladini, Claudia, primary, Rivinius, Thomas, primary, Rousseau, Sylvain, primary, Varga, Jozsef, primary, Zins, Gérard, primary, Chelli, Alain, primary, Glidemann, Andreas, primary, and Schöller, Markus, primary
Published: 2018
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45. The MAORY ICS software architecture

Author: Diolaiti, Emiliano, primary, Feautrier, Philippe, primary, Ciliegi, Paolo, primary, Baruffolo, Andrea, primary, Salasnich, Bernardo, primary, Busoni, Lorenzo, primary, Puglisi, Alfio, primary, Fantinel, Daniela, primary, Di Rico, Gianluca, primary, Gluck, Laurence, primary, Zins, Gérard, primary, Popovic, Dan, primary, Kiekebusch, Mario J., primary, Balestra, Andrea, primary, Ragazzoni, Roberto, primary, and Esposito, Simone, primary
Published: 2018
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46. NEAR: New Earths in the Alpha Cen Region (bringing VISIR as a "visiting instrument" to ESO-VLT-UT4)

Author: Käufl, Hans-Ulrich, primary, Kasper, Markus, primary, Arsenault, Robin, primary, Jakob, Gerd, primary, Fuenteseca, Eloy, primary, Riquelme, Miguel, primary, Siebenmorgen, Ralf, primary, Sterzik, Michael, primary, Zins, Gérard, primary, Ageorges, Nancy, primary, Gutruf, Sven, primary, Reutlinger, Arnd, primary, Kampf, Dirk, primary, Absil, Olivier, primary, Carlomagno, Brunella, primary, Guyon, Olivier, primary, Klupar, Peter, primary, Mawet, Dimitri, primary, Ruane, Garreth, primary, Karlsson, Mikael, primary, Pantin, Eric, primary, Dohlen, Kjetil, primary, and Leveratto, Serban, primary
Published: 2018
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47. Control software for the AO modules of the AOF project

Author: Kiekebusch, Mario J., primary, Argomedo, Javier, primary, Zins, Gérard, primary, Baksai, Pedro, primary, Duhoux, Philippe, primary, Urrutia, Josefina, primary, Stroebele, Stefan, primary, Soenke, Christian, primary, La Penna, Paolo, primary, Paufique, Jérôme, primary, Kolb, Johann, primary, Madec, Pierre-Yves, primary, Comin, Mauro, primary, Calderone, Giorgio, primary, Arsenault, Robin, primary, and Oberti, Sylvain, primary
Published: 2018
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48. The MAORY first-light adaptive optics module for E-ELT

Author: DIOLAITI, EMILIANO, AGAPITO, GUIDO, Antichi, Jacopo, ARCIDIACONO, CARMELO, BARUFFOLO, Andrea, BELLAZZINI, Michele, BREGOLI, Giovanni, BUTLER, REGINALD CHRISTOPHER, CASCONE, Enrico, CILIEGI, Paolo, CORTECCHIA, Fausto, Cosentino, Giuseppe, DE CAPRIO, VINCENZO, DE ROSA, ADRIANO GIUSEPPE, ESPOSITO, Simone, FANTINEL, Daniela, Feautrier, Philippe, FOPPIANI, ITALO, Giordano, Christophe, GIRO, Enrico, LOMBINI, MATTEO, MORGANTE, GIANLUCA, RAGAZZONI, Roberto, RICCARDI, Armando, RICCIARDI, SARA, SALASNICH, Bernardo, SCHREIBER, LAURA, Spano, Paolo, ZERBI, Filippo Maria, Casali, Mark, Kerber, Florian, Marchetti, Enrico, Ramsay, Suzanne, ABICCA, Renata, BONAGLIA, MARCO, BRIGUGLIO PELLEGRINO, RUNA ANTONIO, Brissaud, Olivier, BUSONI, LORENZO, CARBONARO, LUCA, Carlotti, Alexis, Correia, Jean-Jacques, DE PASCALE, Marco, DEL VECCHIO, Ciro, Delboulbé, Alain, DI RICO, Gianluca, Felini, Corrado, FERRUZZI, Debora, FINI, Luca, FIORENTINO, Giuliana, GHIGO, Mauro, Gluck, Laurence, Hénault, François, Jocou, Laurent, Lafrasse, Sylvain, LAURIA, MIMMA, le Coarer, Etienne, Magnard, Yves, MAIORANO, Elisabetta, MANNUCCI, FILIPPO, MAPELLI, MICHELA, Maurel, Didier, Michaud, Laurence, Moulin, Thibaut, Oberti, Sylvain, PARESCHI, Giovanni, Patti, Mauro, PUGLISI, Alfio Timothy, Rabou, Patrick, RIVA, Marco, Rochat, Sylvain, Roussel, Frédéric, Roux, Alain, SARACCO, Paolo, SPAVONE, MARILENA, Stadler, Eric, Sztefek, Marie-Hélène, Ventura, Noël, Vérinaud, Christophe, XOMPERO, MARCO, Zins, Gérard, ITA, FRA, and DEU
Subjects: Extremely Large Telescopes, MAORY, E-ELT, Multi-conjugate adaptive optics, multi-conjugate adaptive optics
Abstract: The MAORY adaptive optics module is part of the first light instrumentation suite for the E-ELT. The MAORY project phase B is going to start soon. This paper contains a system-level overview of the current instrument design.
Published: 2015

49. The E-ELT first light spectrograph HARMONI: capabilities and modes

Author: Thatte, Niranjan A., Clarke, Fraser, Bryson, Ian, Shnetler, Hermine, Tecza, Matthias, Fusco, Thierry, Bacon, Roland M., Richard, Johan, Mediavilla, E., Neichel, Benoît, Arribas-Mocoroa, Santiago, García-Lorenzo, B., Evans, Christopher J., Remillieux, Alban, El Madi, Kacem, Herreros, Jose Miguel, Melotte, Dave, O'Brien, Kieran, Tosh, Ian A., Vernet, Joël, Hammersley, Peter, Ives, Derek J., Finger, Gert, Houghton, Ryan, Rigopoulou, Dimitra, Lynn, James D., Allen, Jamie R., Zieleniewski, Simon D., Kendrew, Sarah, Ferraro-Wood, Vanessa, Pécontal-Rousset, Arlette, Kosmalski, Johan, Laurent, Florence, Loupias, Magali, Piqueras, Laure, Renault, Edgar, Blaizot, Jeremy, Daguisé, Eric, Migniau, Jean-Emmanuel, Jarno, Aurélien, Born, Andy, Gallie, Angus M., Montgomery, David M., Henry, David, Schwartz, Noah, Taylor, William, Zins, Gérard, Rodríguez-Ramos, Luis Fernando, Cagigas, Miguel, Battaglia, Giuseppina, Rebolo López, Rafael, Hernández Suárez, Elvio, Gigante-Ripoll, José Vicente, Piqueras López, Javier, Villar Martín, Montserrat, Correia, Carlos, Pascal, Sandrine, Blanco, Leonardo, Vola, Pascal, Epinat, Benoit, Peroux, Celine, Vigan, Arthur, Dohlen, Kjetil, Sauvage, Jean-Francois, Lee, Martin, Carlotti, Alexis, Verinaud, Christophe, Morris, Tim, Myers, Richard, Reeves, Andrew, Swinbank, Mark, Calcines, Ariadna, Larrieu, Marrie, Thatte, Niranjan A., Clarke, Fraser, Bryson, Ian, Shnetler, Hermine, Tecza, Matthias, Fusco, Thierry, Bacon, Roland M., Richard, Johan, Mediavilla, E., Neichel, Benoît, Arribas-Mocoroa, Santiago, García-Lorenzo, B., Evans, Christopher J., Remillieux, Alban, El Madi, Kacem, Herreros, Jose Miguel, Melotte, Dave, O'Brien, Kieran, Tosh, Ian A., Vernet, Joël, Hammersley, Peter, Ives, Derek J., Finger, Gert, Houghton, Ryan, Rigopoulou, Dimitra, Lynn, James D., Allen, Jamie R., Zieleniewski, Simon D., Kendrew, Sarah, Ferraro-Wood, Vanessa, Pécontal-Rousset, Arlette, Kosmalski, Johan, Laurent, Florence, Loupias, Magali, Piqueras, Laure, Renault, Edgar, Blaizot, Jeremy, Daguisé, Eric, Migniau, Jean-Emmanuel, Jarno, Aurélien, Born, Andy, Gallie, Angus M., Montgomery, David M., Henry, David, Schwartz, Noah, Taylor, William, Zins, Gérard, Rodríguez-Ramos, Luis Fernando, Cagigas, Miguel, Battaglia, Giuseppina, Rebolo López, Rafael, Hernández Suárez, Elvio, Gigante-Ripoll, José Vicente, Piqueras López, Javier, Villar Martín, Montserrat, Correia, Carlos, Pascal, Sandrine, Blanco, Leonardo, Vola, Pascal, Epinat, Benoit, Peroux, Celine, Vigan, Arthur, Dohlen, Kjetil, Sauvage, Jean-Francois, Lee, Martin, Carlotti, Alexis, Verinaud, Christophe, Morris, Tim, Myers, Richard, Reeves, Andrew, Swinbank, Mark, Calcines, Ariadna, and Larrieu, Marrie
Abstract: HARMONI is the E-ELT's first light visible and near-infrared integral field spectrograph. It will provide four different spatial scales, ranging from coarse spaxels of 60 × 30 mas best suited for seeing limited observations, to 4 mas spaxels that Nyquist sample the diffraction limited point spread function of the E-ELT at near-infrared wavelengths. Each spaxel scale may be combined with eleven spectral settings, that provide a range of spectral resolving powers (R 3500, 7500 and 20000) and instantaneous wavelength coverage spanning the 0.5 - 2.4 ¿m wavelength range of the instrument. In autumn 2015, the HARMONI project started the Preliminary Design Phase, following signature of the contract to design, build, test and commission the instrument, signed between the European Southern Observatory and the UK Science and Technology Facilities Council. Crucially, the contract also includes the preliminary design of the HARMONI Laser Tomographic Adaptive Optics system. The instrument's technical specifications were finalized in the period leading up to contract signature. In this paper, we report on the first activity carried out during preliminary design, defining the baseline architecture for the system, and the trade-off studies leading up to the choice of baseline.
Published: 2016

50. The E-ELT first light spectrograph HARMONI: capabilities and modes

Author: Thatte, Niranjan A., additional, Clarke, Fraser, additional, Bryson, Ian, additional, Shnetler, Hermine, additional, Tecza, Matthias, additional, Fusco, Thierry, additional, Bacon, Roland M., additional, Richard, Johan, additional, Mediavilla, Evencio, additional, Neichel, Benoît, additional, Arribas, Santiago, additional, Garcia-Lorenzo, Begoña, additional, Evans, Christopher J., additional, Remillieux, Alban, additional, El Madi, Kacem, additional, Herreros, Jose Miguel, additional, Melotte, Dave, additional, O'Brien, Kieran, additional, Tosh, Ian A., additional, Vernet, Joël, additional, Hammersley, Peter, additional, Ives, Derek J., additional, Finger, Gert, additional, Houghton, Ryan, additional, Rigopoulou, Dimitra, additional, Lynn, James D., additional, Allen, Jamie R., additional, Zieleniewski, Simon D., additional, Kendrew, Sarah, additional, Ferraro-Wood, Vanessa, additional, Pécontal-Rousset, Arlette, additional, Kosmalski, Johan, additional, Laurent, Florence, additional, Loupias, Magali, additional, Piqueras, Laure, additional, Renault, Edgar, additional, Blaizot, Jeremy, additional, Daguisé, Eric, additional, Migniau, Jean-Emmanuel, additional, Jarno, Aurélien, additional, Born, Andy, additional, Gallie, Angus M., additional, Montgomery, David M., additional, Henry, David, additional, Schwartz, Noah, additional, Taylor, William, additional, Zins, Gérard, additional, Rodríguez-Ramos, Luis Fernando, additional, Cagigas, Miguel, additional, Battaglia, Giuseppina, additional, Rebolo López, Refael, additional, Hernández Suárez, Elvio, additional, Gigante-Ripoll, José Vicente, additional, Piqueras López, Javier, additional, Villa Martin, Montserrat, additional, Correia, Carlos, additional, Pascal, Sandrine, additional, Blanco, Leonardo, additional, Vola, Pascal, additional, Epinat, Benoit, additional, Peroux, Celine, additional, Vigan, Arthur, additional, Dohlen, Kjetil, additional, Sauvage, Jean-Francois, additional, Lee, Martin, additional, Carlotti, Alexis, additional, Verinaud, Christophe, additional, Morris, Tim, additional, Myers, Richard, additional, Reeves, Andrew, additional, Swinbank, Mark, additional, Calcines, Ariadna, additional, and Larrieu, Marrie, additional
Published: 2016
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