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We investigate the single-pulse emission variations of two pulsars, PSRs J0211+4235 and J0553+4111, observed with the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Radio Telescope at the 1.25 GHz central frequency. The observation sessions span from December 2020 to July 2021, with 21 and 22 observations for them. The integrated pulse profile of PSR J0211+4235 shows that there is a weak pulse component following the main component. And for PSR J0553+4111, it shows a bimodal profile with a bridge component in the middle. PSR J0211+4235 presents significant nulling phenomenon with nulling dura- tion lasting from 2 to 115 pulses and burst duration lasting from 2 to 113 pulses. The nulling fraction of each observation is determined to be 45% to 55%. No emission greater than three sigma is found in the mean integrated profile of all nulling pulses. In most cases, the pulse energy changes abruptly during the transition from null to burst, while in the transition from burst to null there are two trends: abrupt and gradual. We find that the nulling phenomenon of PSR J0211+4235 is periodic by Fourier transform of the null and burst state. In addition, the single-pulse modulation characteristics of these two pulsars are investigated, and the dis- tribution of modulation index, LRFS, 2DFS are analyzed with PSRSALSA. The left peak of PSR J0553+4111 has intensity modulation. Finally, the polarization property of these two pulsars are obtained through polarization calibration, and their characteristics are analyzed. The possible physical mechanisms of these phenomena are discussed.

The controlled release of pesticides based on nanoparticle platforms has emerged as a new technology for increasing the efficiency of pesticides and for reducing environmental pollution because of their size-dependent and target-modifying properties. In the present study, pH/cellulase dual stimuli-responsive controlled-release formulations (PYR-HMS-HPC) were designed by grafting hydroxypropyl cellulose onto pyraclostrobin-loaded hollow mesoporous silica nanoparticles via an ester linkage. The PYR-HMS-HPC formulations were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analyzer, transmission electron microscope and scanning electron microscope. The results demonstrated that PYR-HMS-HPC with a loading capacity of 12.1 wt% showed excellent pyraclostrobin release behaviors in response to acidic environments and the introduction of cellulase, could effectively prevented pyraclostrobin from photolysis. Compared with commercial pyraclostrobin formulations, the PYR-HMS-HPC formulations showed much stronger and statistically significant fungicidal activity against Magnaporthe oryzae from 7 to 21 days. Furthermore, the Allium cepa chromosome aberration assay demonstrated that the PYR-HMS-HPC formulations reduced the genotoxicity of pyraclostrobin. These pH/cellulase dual stimuli-responsive controlled-release formulations are of great interest for sustainable on-demand crop disease protection.

There are many types of spatial data link layer protocols and different frame structures. To achieve effective framing and resolution of the protocol, we must first solve the problem of identifying synchronization words. In this paper ,a frame synchronization word recognition algorithm for link layer protocol based on N-ECLAT algorithm is proposed. The algorithm combines the structure characteristics of link layer protocol and the vertical mining of Eclat algorithm. By introducing the parameter N, the synchronization word can be accurately identified, which lays the foundation for the identification of the CCSDS spatial data link layer protocol. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the algorithm and the accuracy of protocol identification.

Background and problem: The bio-parameters such as the blood pressure, the core body temperature and the biopotential are very important clinical clues to evaluate the physiological and psychological conditions of an animal. And these bio-parameters are also important for other clinical application. However, it is difficult to get the bio-parameters of a small animal for the long term under its normal state. It is a challenge for researchers to propose a method to acquire the bio-parameters of a small animal for the long term under its normal state. Method: This paper proposes an implantable radio-telemetry system to simultaneously detect long term blood pressure, temperature and biopotential of a small animal under its normal state. This system comprises an implantable capsule, a data logger and wireless energy transmission system. Three sensors are integrated into the implantable capsule. A pressure sensor is designed to detect the blood pressure, a temperature sensor to detect the inside body temperature, two tiny soft silver wires as the third sensor to detect the biopotential. The analog outputs of the three sensors are conditioned by their respective amplifiers. The three amplified bio-parameters are digitalized by an AD7683 (a 16-bit, charge redistribution, successive approximation, PulSAR analog-to-digital converter). Microprocessor PIC16F690 reads the digital data and sends it out of the animal’s body through a wireless communication chip. A data logger can receive the data and save it with time stamps into a SD card. The data in the SD card can be processed with a computer. Curves of three bio-parameters can be used for evaluating physiological and psychological conditions of the animal. Wireless energy transmission system provides energy to the implantable capsule under the animal’s normal conditions. A 3D secondary coil of the wireless energy transmission system enables itself to receive enough energy in an arbitrary position and posture. Results: In vivo experiment results show that the implantable radio-telemetry system can detect the blood, the temperature and biopotential of a rabbit. It meets the expected requirements.

Background Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) is a central enzyme in glycolysi, we performed genome-wide identification of GAPDH genes in wheat and analyzed their structural characteristics and expression patterns under abiotic stress in wheat. Results A total of 22 GAPDH genes were identified in wheat cv. Chinese spring; the phylogenetic and structure analysis showed that these GAPDH genes could be divided into four distinct subfamilies. The expression profiles of GAPDH genes showed tissue specificity all over plant development stages. The qRT-PCR results revealed that wheat GAPDHs were involved in several abiotic stress response. Conclusions Wheat carried 22 GAPDH genes, representing four types of plant GAPDHs (gapA/B, gapC, gapCp and gapN). Whole genome duplication and segmental duplication might account for the expansion of wheat GAPDHs. Expression analysis implied that GAPDHs play roles in plants abiotic stress tolerance. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-016-2527-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Pairwise alignments of wheat Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase. (PDF 33 kb)

GAPDH family in plants. (PDF 49 kb)

Multiple alignment of wheat GAPDH amino acid sequences. (PDF 462 kb)

Multiple alignment of animal/fungi/plant GAPDH amino acid sequences. (PDF 485 kb)

Multiple alignment of GPAN amino acid sequences. (PDF 345 kb)

HMMsearch hits of wheat Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase. (PDF 93 kb)

Motif LOGOs of GAPDHs and GAPNs generated by MEME. (PDF 593 kb)