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A new type of fire suppressant powders of magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH) 2 ) modified by DOPO-VTS has been manufactured. And the fire suppression effectiveness and physical-chemical properties were studied in this paper. Three kinds of powders were used to study their fire suppression efficiency through laboratory scale experiments in a confine space of 1*1*1m. The physical and chemical characteristics of pure Mg(OH) 2 and its modified powder were characterized by thermal gravity analysis (TGA) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results exhibited that these three kinds of powder were all high efficient for fire suppression and the modified Mg(OH) 2 powders by added 3% DOPO-VTS was more efficient than the Mg(OH) 2 powders added 1% DOPO-VTS and the origin powder. And the modified Mg(OH) 2 powder by added 3% DOPO-VTS could release the least CO and decrease the flame temperature sharply. Fire extinguishing and possible fire-suppression mechanisms have also been analyzed from three aspects: chemical inhibition, cooling effect and asphyxiation effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]