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Traditional flow fields and gas diffusion layers (GDL) suffer from water flooding at the rib contact surface, resulting in mass transfer obstruction. Herein, an integrated component (i‐component) with tri‐part of the flow field, gas diffusion backing, and the microporous layer is prepared using the filter molding method to prevent flooding at the rib. The i‐component with micro‐tunnels is more compact than traditional fuel cells and has no distinct interface, significantly enhancing fuel cell performance, reducing mass transfer resistance, and improving water management. Remarkably, the mass transfer resistance of the i‐components is reduced by six times, accompanied by a 50% increase in power density (1.63 W cm−2) and a 146% surge in volume‐specific power (24 500 W L−1). Additionally, it exhibits excellent humidity tolerance in the relative humidity range of 30–100%. This method achieves large‐area i‐component (388 cm2) preparation in 0.5 h at 350 °C, which reduces time by dozens and energy consumption by over 100 times compared to the traditional method for preparing commercial GDL. The i‐component significantly enhances the mass transfer and water management capabilities of fuel cells. Hence, the i‐component provides new strategies for next‐generation fuel cells, water electrolysis, flow battery, carbon dioxide reduction, etc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) carry disease‐specific molecular profiles, demonstrating massive potential in biomarker discovery. In this study, we developed an integrated biochip platform, termed EVID‐biochip (EVs identification and detection biochip), which integrates in situ electrochemical protein detection with on‐chip antifouling‐immunomagnetic beads modified with CD81 antibodies and zwitterion molecules, enabling efficient isolation and detection of neuronal EVs. The capability of the EVID‐biochip to isolate common EVs and detect neuronal EVs associated with Parkinson's disease in human serum is successfully demonstrated, using the transmembrane protein L1‐cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM) as a target biomarker. The EVID‐biochip exhibited high efficiency and specificity for the detection of L1CAM with a sensitivity of 1 pg/mL. Based on the validation of 76 human serum samples, for the first time, this study discovered that the level of L1CAM/neuronal EV particles in serum could serve as a reliable indicator to distinguish Parkinson's disease from control groups with AUC = 0.973. EVID‐biochip represents a reliable and rapid liquid biopsy platform for the analysis of complex biofluids offering EVs isolation and detection in a single chip, requiring a small sample volume (300 µL) and an assay time of 1.5 h. This approach has the potential to advance the diagnosis and biomarker discovery of various neurological disorders and other diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The vapor-fed passive DMFC is highly energy-dense, environmentally friendly, and noise-free. However, controlling the internal environment of the DMFC, especially temperature and humidity, is challenging due to the lack of heat/water management system. To address this issue, we propose an alveolus-inspired flow field in the DMFC cathode, which is 3D printed to maintain the internal environment similar to that of alveolus. Our findings show that the alveolus-inspired flow fields with upward and leftward pores exhibit higher and more stable DMFC performance (20.3 mW cm−2), which is 2.2 times that of the traditional DMFC. This is due to the similar characteristics of the alveolus in the lung, which maintains an excellent and stable internal environment with higher humidity and temperature (compared to traditional DMFC increases of greater than 10 °C). Moreover, as the partially open chambers are similar to those in the alveolus, the biomimetic DMFC can resist harsh weather conditions such as strong winds, sand, and dust. Specifically, after sand and dust treatment, the performance of the biomimetic DMFC decreased only by 16.6%, while that of the traditional DMFC sharply decreased by 66.6%. This alveolus-inspired flow field can be applied to other air-breathing fuel cells or batteries, such as hydrogen–air fuel cells, zinc–air batteries, lithium–air batteries, etc., to improve their performance, stability, and harsh weather resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]