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IDENTIFICATION OF MISCONCEPTION AND COGNITIVE CONFLICT OF PHYSICS: A CASE RELATED TO CONCEPTUAL CHANGE Abstract Misconceptions still often occur when learning physics. This study aims to identify students' misconceptions and their relationship with cognitive conflict in terms of conceptual change. This research used mixed methods explanatory design methods. The subjects in this study were three students from SahabatQu High School, Yogyakarta. The students studied were categorized into three, namely low, medium, and high ability students. Information related to student abilities is obtained from physics teachers and student learning test results. A conceptual change interview guide, conceptual change observation sheet, cognitive conflict questionnaire, and parabolic motion material misconceptions tests were used as supporting instruments to obtain the desired results in research. The learning process uses a PhET simulation. The results showed that high, medium and low ability students still had misconceptions when learning parabolic motion material. Cognitive conflict in high, medium and low ability students is included in the low and moderate categories with a percentage of 8.33% - 41.67%. All students have not been able to experience the four thought processes so that there are still misconceptions on some topics such as the highest point and the farthest distance based on the projectile motion's elevation angle . Abstrak Miskonsepsi masih sering terjadi pada saat pembelajaran fisika. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi miskonsepsi siswa dan hubungannya dengan konflik kognitif ditinjau dari perubahan konseptual. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode mixed methods explanatory design . Subjek pada penelitian ini adalah 3 siswa yang berasal dari SMA Sahabatqu, Yogyakarta. Siswa yang diteliti dikategorikan menjadi 3 yaitu siswa berkemampuan rendah, sedang, dan tinggi. Informasi terkait kemampuan siswa diperoleh dari guru fisika dan hasil tes belajar siswa. Pedoman wawancara perubahan konseptual, lembar observasi perubahan konseptual, angket konflik kognitif, dan tes miskonsepsi materi gerak parabola dijadikan instrumen pendukung untuk mendapatkan hasil yang diinginkan dalam penelitian. Proses pembelajaran menggunakan simulasi PhET. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa siswa berkemampuan tinggi, sedang, dan rendah masih memiliki miskonsepsi pada saat pembelajaran materi gerak parabola. Konflik kognitif pada siswa berkemampuan sedang dan rendah termasuk dalam kategori rendah dan siswa berkemampuan tinggi termasuk dalam kategori sedang. Seluruh siswa belum mampu mengalami empat proses berpikir sehingga masih menyisakan miskonsepsi pada beberapa submateri seperti titik tertinggi dan jarak terjauh berdasarkan sudut elevasi gerak parabola.

This study aims to determine the effect of the cognitive conflict approach to critical thinking skills and conceptual understanding in mechanical wave material. This type of research is a Pre-experimental research design with One Group Pretest-Posttest Design. The study population was all students of class XI MIA MAN 2 Mataram with a sampling technique using purposive sampling. The research sample was students in all three classes that were used as experimental classes which were given treatment in the form of learning using the cognitive conflict approach. An instrument for critical thinking skills using student worksheet and description test. While the data of conceptual understanding was obtained by a multiple-choice test. Hypothesis testing in this research is a paired t-test and MANOVA test. The results of the hypothesis test give the conclusion that there is an effect of the cognitive conflict approach to critical thinking skills and conceptual understanding in mechanical wave students in MAN 2 Mataram in the three experimental classes.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi tingkat konflik kognitif yang dialami peseta didik melalui pembelajaran dengan pendekatan konflik kognitif. Penelitian ini termasuk dalam penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif dengan tiga kelas eksperimen. Tingkat konflik kognitif diperoleh melalui intrumen konflik kognitif. Jumlah sampel pada penelitian ini sebanyak 128 peserta didik yang tersebar pada tiga kelas eksprimen. Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa rata-rata tingkat konflik kognitif yang dialami peserta didik pada saat pembelajaran yaitu sebesar 60,08%, di mana angka tersebut termasuk dalam kategori tinggi. Persentase peserta didik yang mengalami tingkat konflik kognitif berkategori rendah sebesar 13,28%, konflik kognitif berkategori tinggi sebesar 82,03%, dan berkategori sangat tinggi sebesar 4,69%.

Remote learning has reformed the normal tradition of physics instruction in the existence of COVID-19 pandemic. The previous documentation of student’s misconception is mostly discovered in the normal condition of physics instruction. Regarding to the pandemic outbreak is necessary since distance learning routines have absolutely influence the physics education outcomes all over the world. To explore the issues, this quantitative study has descriptively identified students' misconception on projectile motion in the frame of graphic and figural representations. The six items of Busyairi and Zuhdi’s three tier test were administered to the 76 students in a Javanese public high school, Indonesia. Overall, the Arslan, Cigdemolu, & Moseley’s categorical framework classified that the whole participants still congregate in the misconception’s groups on projectile motion. The lack of students’ representation on projectile motion might be magnified by the pandemic restrictions in providing appropriate visualization on projectile concept. Finally, the author suggested that the alternative of online learning during the outbreak have not yet been effectively engaged to promote the physics representation on projectile motion.

Misconceptions are an obstacle in the learning process, especially in physics. One way to detect misconceptions is to use a three-tier diagnostic test and analyze it using the Certainty of Response Index (CRI). The purpose of this study was to detect students' misconceptions on straight motion material using a three-tier diagnostic test with CRI analysis. This type of research is descriptive research. The sample in this study was taken from students at three high schools in East Lombok district, NTB. The number of samples in this study was 132 students. This test instrument consists of 10 question items. The results showed that students still experienced many misconceptions in straight motion material.

The development of life in the 21st century requires a variety of skills that one must master. Physics learning in schools has a central role in providing 21st-century skills to students. Physics learning is an integrated field that facilitates 21st-century skills and much research is being done in this field. The purpose of this research is to provide a review or general overview related to 21st-century skills-based physics learning research (Communication, Collaboration, Critical Thinking, and Problem Solving, and Creativity and Innovation) in Indonesia. This type of research is a literature study. The articles analyzed are articles published in Sinta-accredited national journals with publication years ranging from 2015-2020 and Scopus indexed international journals, as well as journal research fields focusing on evaluation and learning physics. The number of articles analyzed was 300 articles from national and international journals. From 2015 to 2020, critical thinking skills were the most researched topic with a percentage of 12% and 27% of researchers did not mention the physics topic studied in their research. A lot of learning research, especially physics learning, focuses on a quantitative approach in solving problems in the field of physics education in this case related to 21st-century skills. Most of the 4C skills-based physics learning research uses a relatively small sample of under 100 samples with the majority of the research locations being found mostly focused on Bali-Nusra and Java. The research subjects most frequently researched regarding 21st-century skills are high school level (SMA/SMK/MA).

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pendekatan konflik kognitif terhadap hasil belajargelombang mekanikpeserta didik MAN 2 Mataram tahun ajaran 2017/2018. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian pre-experimental dengan menggunakan One Group Pretest-Posttest Design. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas XI MIA MAN 2 Mataram. Pengambilan sampel penelitian menggunakan teknik purposive sampling, sehingga terpilih kelas XI MIA 1, XI MIA 2, dan XI MIA 4 sebagai kelas eksperimen yang diberikan perlakuan berupa pendekatan konflik kognitif. Pengumpulan data hasil belajar dilakukan dengan teknik tes pilihan ganda sebanyak 15 soal soal.Hasil analisis uji hipotesis menggunakan uji statistik paired sample t test dan menunjukkan bahwa ditolak dan diterima. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa pendekatan konflik kognitif memberikan pengaruh positif terhadap hasil belajar gelombang mekanik.