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[Resumo] Existen moitas aldeas abandonadas en Galicia, e pese a que todas están formadas por unha serie de elementos arquitectónicos comúns, o cal lles confire un primeiro impacto visual similar, o certo é que non existen dúas iguais. Cada elemento que conforma unha aldea responde a un conxunto de necesidades físicas únicas. Unha mesma familia nunca construiría unha casa idéntica en dúas localizacións diferentes, e dúas familias diferentes nunca construirían a mesma casa na mesma localización. Por esta razón a análise da arquitectura popular sempre vai da man do estudo das persoas que habitaban ese lugar, xente que moitas veces era tamén encargada de construíla. Neste traballo estudarase un lugar galego, O Brazal; a súa construción, a estrutura, os espazos arquitectónicos, a posición relativa, os percorridos e a paisaxe; sempre ligado ao desenvolvemento xenealóxico que o acompañou durante o tempo., [Abstract] There are many abandoned villages in Galicia, and although they are all made up of a series of common architectural elements, which gives them a similar initial visual impact, the truth is that no two are alike. Each element that makes up a village responds to a unique set of physical needs. The same family would never build an identical house in two different locations, and two different families would never build the same house in the same location. For this reason, the analysis of popular architecture always goes hand in hand with the study of the people who lived in that place, people who were often also in charge of building it. In this work, a Galician place, O Brazal, will be studied; its construction, structure, architectural spaces, relative position, routes and landscape; always linked to the genealogical development that accompanied it over time., [Resumen] Existen muchas aldeas abandonadas en Galicia, y pese a que todas están formadas por una serie de elementos arquitectónicos comunes, lo cual les proporciona un primer impacto visual similar, lo cierto es que no existen dos iguales. Cada elemento que conforma una aldea responde a un conjunto de necesidades físicas únicas. Una mesma familia nunca construiría una casa exactamente igual en dos emplazamientos diferentes, y dos familias diferentes nunca construirían una misma casa en el mismo emplazamiento. Por esta razón el análisis de la arquitectura popular siempre va de la mano del estudio de la gente que habitaba ese lugar, gente que muchas veces era también encargada de construirla. En este trabajo se estudiará un lugar gallego, O Brazal; su construcción, la estructura, los espacios arquitectónicos, la posición relativa, los recorridos y el paisaje; siempre ligado al desarrollo genealógico que lo ha acompañado durante el tiempo.

La Sierra de Aracena y Picos de Aroche en Huelva, forman un parque natural caracterizado por una densa masa vegetal que surgió por unas condiciones climáticas especiales, donde su patrimonio natural convive con el patrimonio edificado heredado de antiguos tiempos donde los sistemas de vida y supervivencia estaban relacionados más con lo rural que con lo urbano. La carencia de una fuente documental archivada de las aldeas generadas por las distintas actividades económicas en esta zona de la serranía onubense, así como referencias sobre su posterior abandono y destrucción, ha supuesto un importante reto de estudio: descifrar las características de cada uno de estos asentamientos, algunos de los cuales han sido ilegalmente ocupados sin condiciones de habitabilidad y optar por un sistema regulado de reconstrucción y reutilización de estos núcleos como alojamientos rurales turísticos es nuestro interés final. El método de estudio ha sido el reconocimiento directo sobre el territorio mediante la geolocalización de los asentamientos e infraestructuras básicas que poseen con el fin de determinar la posibilidad real de los espacios urbano y forestal que las rodean. Una vez elegidas las aldeas a mapear y visitar in situ, se han realizado: rutas de acceso con indicación expresa de las vías rodadas y caminos peatonales a utilizar para llegar a las aldeas, fichas unitarias en las que figuran datos como la localización exacta, entorno forestal en las que se encuentran, población real actual y características de los poblados, con inclusión de ortofotos y fotografías tomadas in situ, y finalmente elaboración de la planimetría real de los restos actuales de las aldeas., The Aracena mountain range and the Aroche mountain peaks in Huelva, form a natural park characterized by a dense vegetable mass that arose thanks to special climatic conditions, where its natural heritage coexists with the built heritage inherited from ancient times where life and survival systems were more related to rural than urban. The lack of an archived documentary source of the villages generated by the different economic activities in this area of the Huelva territory, as well as references about their subsequent abandonment and destruction, has been an important study challenge: decipher the characteristics of each of these settlements, some of which have been illegally occupied without habitable conditions and choose a regulated system of reconstruction and reuse of these nuclei as rural tourist accommodation is our final interest. The study method has been the direct recognition of the territory through the geolocation of the settlements and basic infrastructures that they have in order to determine the real possibility of the urban and forest spaces that surround them. Once the villages to be mapped and visited on site have been chosen, the following have been carried out: access routes with an express indication of the roadways and pedestrian paths to be used to reach the villages, unit files containing data such as the exact location, forest environment in which they are located, current real population and characteristics of the villages, including orthophotos and photographs taken on site, and finally elaboration of the actual planimetry of the current remains of the villages.

[EN] Research In Italy today, one can count more than 6000 villages that have been abandoned(deserted) for a variety of causes. This negletc state produces a serious problem related to a wider phenomenon of abandonment of entire portions of italian territories. Realities that differ form the city because of their morphology: Does urban shape represent an urban limit? or is it an alternative testimony to the city?Research purpose is to understand how relationship, between these cases and the territory, works; in particular during the absence of the main component: the human one. The case study Santo Stefano di Sessanio, an ancient village in the center of Italy, inhabited until 90’s, shows how the examination of urban shape represents the potentiality of his own revitalization. By relating his historical identity to the scattered hotel projectual approach, it contributes to combine conservation, valorization and sustainability of the existing building fabric, in order to claim the authenticity of these villages declaring their own autonomy and dimension to major urban centers polarization. In this example transformation is meant as conscious project that grow up from the built reality not from the project itself, transformation as knowledge of urban facts, tool to approach to the structure of this reality

The study on the topic of the ghost cities of Estonia draws a sad picture of certain mining and industrial settlements. The first chapter of the project includes historical and theoretical research about the ghost effect in places which were filled with mono functions. Before the USSR collapse economical and social chains of these communes were integrated in the system of the very close relationships with its center. At the same time there were no proposed long-term strategies on how cities can work and survive after the resource depletion. It brought towns and villages like Viivikonna to the point where the skeleton of the settlement still exists but its population is close to zero. Additionally this problem continued with the wave of the outflow of young people to large cities. The second and main chapter was to choose one of the ghost villages which still has some inhabitants. It was important to understand how we can make these places more livable for them and how it can work with the new points of attraction. In some aspects it could bring fresh public and financial interest to the area and open new work places for locals. Analyzing some examples of the different spots around Europe, there were determined certain healing tools which helped to warm up the interest among visitors at these areas. As a major thing for the reboot process there was chosen a cultural function. With the five steps program there was proposed a way how we can rebuild this area and involve it in the new processes with neighboring cities., The study on the topic of the ghost cities of Estonia draws a sad picture of certain mining and industrial settlements. The first chapter of the project includes historical and theoretical research about the ghost effect in places which were filled with mono functions. Before the USSR collapse economical and social chains of these communes were integrated in the system of the very close relationships with its center. At the same time there were no proposed long-term strategies on how cities can work and survive after the resource depletion. It brought towns and villages like Viivikonna to the point where the skeleton of the settlement still exists but its population is close to zero. Additionally this problem continued with the wave of the outflow of young people to large cities. The second and main chapter was to choose one of the ghost villages which still has some inhabitants. It was important to understand how we can make these places more livable for them and how it can work with the new points of attraction. In some aspects it could bring fresh public and financial interest to the area and open new work places for locals. Analyzing some examples of the different spots around Europe, there were determined certain healing tools which helped to warm up the interest among visitors at these areas. As a major thing for the reboot process there was chosen a cultural function. With the five steps program there was proposed a way how we can rebuild this area and involve it in the new processes with neighboring cities.

The study on the topic of the ghost cities of Estonia draws a sad picture of certain mining and industrial settlements. The first chapter of the project includes historical and theoretical research about the ghost effect in places which were filled with mono functions. Before the USSR collapse economical and social chains of these communes were integrated in the system of the very close relationships with its center. At the same time there were no proposed long-term strategies on how cities can work and survive after the resource depletion. It brought towns and villages like Viivikonna to the point where the skeleton of the settlement still exists but its population is close to zero. Additionally this problem continued with the wave of the outflow of young people to large cities. The second and main chapter was to choose one of the ghost villages which still has some inhabitants. It was important to understand how we can make these places more livable for them and how it can work with the new points of attraction. In some aspects it could bring fresh public and financial interest to the area and open new work places for locals. Analyzing some examples of the different spots around Europe, there were determined certain healing tools which helped to warm up the interest among visitors at these areas. As a major thing for the reboot process there was chosen a cultural function. With the five steps program there was proposed a way how we can rebuild this area and involve it in the new processes with neighboring cities., The study on the topic of the ghost cities of Estonia draws a sad picture of certain mining and industrial settlements. The first chapter of the project includes historical and theoretical research about the ghost effect in places which were filled with mono functions. Before the USSR collapse economical and social chains of these communes were integrated in the system of the very close relationships with its center. At the same time there were no proposed long-term strategies on how cities can work and survive after the resource depletion. It brought towns and villages like Viivikonna to the point where the skeleton of the settlement still exists but its population is close to zero. Additionally this problem continued with the wave of the outflow of young people to large cities. The second and main chapter was to choose one of the ghost villages which still has some inhabitants. It was important to understand how we can make these places more livable for them and how it can work with the new points of attraction. In some aspects it could bring fresh public and financial interest to the area and open new work places for locals. Analyzing some examples of the different spots around Europe, there were determined certain healing tools which helped to warm up the interest among visitors at these areas. As a major thing for the reboot process there was chosen a cultural function. With the five steps program there was proposed a way how we can rebuild this area and involve it in the new processes with neighboring cities.

The study on the topic of the ghost cities of Estonia draws a sad picture of certain mining and industrial settlements. The first chapter of the project includes historical and theoretical research about the ghost effect in places which were filled with mono functions. Before the USSR collapse economical and social chains of these communes were integrated in the system of the very close relationships with its center. At the same time there were no proposed long-term strategies on how cities can work and survive after the resource depletion. It brought towns and villages like Viivikonna to the point where the skeleton of the settlement still exists but its population is close to zero. Additionally this problem continued with the wave of the outflow of young people to large cities. The second and main chapter was to choose one of the ghost villages which still has some inhabitants. It was important to understand how we can make these places more livable for them and how it can work with the new points of attraction. In some aspects it could bring fresh public and financial interest to the area and open new work places for locals. Analyzing some examples of the different spots around Europe, there were determined certain healing tools which helped to warm up the interest among visitors at these areas. As a major thing for the reboot process there was chosen a cultural function. With the five steps program there was proposed a way how we can rebuild this area and involve it in the new processes with neighboring cities., The study on the topic of the ghost cities of Estonia draws a sad picture of certain mining and industrial settlements. The first chapter of the project includes historical and theoretical research about the ghost effect in places which were filled with mono functions. Before the USSR collapse economical and social chains of these communes were integrated in the system of the very close relationships with its center. At the same time there were no proposed long-term strategies on how cities can work and survive after the resource depletion. It brought towns and villages like Viivikonna to the point where the skeleton of the settlement still exists but its population is close to zero. Additionally this problem continued with the wave of the outflow of young people to large cities. The second and main chapter was to choose one of the ghost villages which still has some inhabitants. It was important to understand how we can make these places more livable for them and how it can work with the new points of attraction. In some aspects it could bring fresh public and financial interest to the area and open new work places for locals. Analyzing some examples of the different spots around Europe, there were determined certain healing tools which helped to warm up the interest among visitors at these areas. As a major thing for the reboot process there was chosen a cultural function. With the five steps program there was proposed a way how we can rebuild this area and involve it in the new processes with neighboring cities.

The study on the topic of the ghost cities of Estonia draws a sad picture of certain mining and industrial settlements. The first chapter of the project includes historical and theoretical research about the ghost effect in places which were filled with mono functions. Before the USSR collapse economical and social chains of these communes were integrated in the system of the very close relationships with its center. At the same time there were no proposed long-term strategies on how cities can work and survive after the resource depletion. It brought towns and villages like Viivikonna to the point where the skeleton of the settlement still exists but its population is close to zero. Additionally this problem continued with the wave of the outflow of young people to large cities. The second and main chapter was to choose one of the ghost villages which still has some inhabitants. It was important to understand how we can make these places more livable for them and how it can work with the new points of attraction. In some aspects it could bring fresh public and financial interest to the area and open new work places for locals. Analyzing some examples of the different spots around Europe, there were determined certain healing tools which helped to warm up the interest among visitors at these areas. As a major thing for the reboot process there was chosen a cultural function. With the five steps program there was proposed a way how we can rebuild this area and involve it in the new processes with neighboring cities., The study on the topic of the ghost cities of Estonia draws a sad picture of certain mining and industrial settlements. The first chapter of the project includes historical and theoretical research about the ghost effect in places which were filled with mono functions. Before the USSR collapse economical and social chains of these communes were integrated in the system of the very close relationships with its center. At the same time there were no proposed long-term strategies on how cities can work and survive after the resource depletion. It brought towns and villages like Viivikonna to the point where the skeleton of the settlement still exists but its population is close to zero. Additionally this problem continued with the wave of the outflow of young people to large cities. The second and main chapter was to choose one of the ghost villages which still has some inhabitants. It was important to understand how we can make these places more livable for them and how it can work with the new points of attraction. In some aspects it could bring fresh public and financial interest to the area and open new work places for locals. Analyzing some examples of the different spots around Europe, there were determined certain healing tools which helped to warm up the interest among visitors at these areas. As a major thing for the reboot process there was chosen a cultural function. With the five steps program there was proposed a way how we can rebuild this area and involve it in the new processes with neighboring cities.

The study on the topic of the ghost cities of Estonia draws a sad picture of certain mining and industrial settlements. The first chapter of the project includes historical and theoretical research about the ghost effect in places which were filled with mono functions. Before the USSR collapse economical and social chains of these communes were integrated in the system of the very close relationships with its center. At the same time there were no proposed long-term strategies on how cities can work and survive after the resource depletion. It brought towns and villages like Viivikonna to the point where the skeleton of the settlement still exists but its population is close to zero. Additionally this problem continued with the wave of the outflow of young people to large cities. The second and main chapter was to choose one of the ghost villages which still has some inhabitants. It was important to understand how we can make these places more livable for them and how it can work with the new points of attraction. In some aspects it could bring fresh public and financial interest to the area and open new work places for locals. Analyzing some examples of the different spots around Europe, there were determined certain healing tools which helped to warm up the interest among visitors at these areas. As a major thing for the reboot process there was chosen a cultural function. With the five steps program there was proposed a way how we can rebuild this area and involve it in the new processes with neighboring cities., The study on the topic of the ghost cities of Estonia draws a sad picture of certain mining and industrial settlements. The first chapter of the project includes historical and theoretical research about the ghost effect in places which were filled with mono functions. Before the USSR collapse economical and social chains of these communes were integrated in the system of the very close relationships with its center. At the same time there were no proposed long-term strategies on how cities can work and survive after the resource depletion. It brought towns and villages like Viivikonna to the point where the skeleton of the settlement still exists but its population is close to zero. Additionally this problem continued with the wave of the outflow of young people to large cities. The second and main chapter was to choose one of the ghost villages which still has some inhabitants. It was important to understand how we can make these places more livable for them and how it can work with the new points of attraction. In some aspects it could bring fresh public and financial interest to the area and open new work places for locals. Analyzing some examples of the different spots around Europe, there were determined certain healing tools which helped to warm up the interest among visitors at these areas. As a major thing for the reboot process there was chosen a cultural function. With the five steps program there was proposed a way how we can rebuild this area and involve it in the new processes with neighboring cities.