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Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Generating oral care and hygiene habits from an early age is critical in the development and growth of the child. Professionals such as pediatricians, nurses, and doctors have close contact with pregnant women and infants. Knowledge and attitudes towards oral health are essential in preventing oral diseases and their social impact on people's quality of life. Objective: To determine the knowledge and attitudes about early childhood oral health of pediatricians, doctors, nurses, and nursing assistants in a social enterprise in Cali, Colombia. Method: A descriptive study was conducted in 38 health-providing institutions in seven communes and two rural areas of Cali, applying a structured questionnaire-type instrument with 27 questions. Results: Seventy-four professionals participated; 35.8% presented regular knowledge about oral health, in addition to 87.8% with a good attitude towards the subject. Conclusions: The attitude towards health care and hygiene in childhood among health personnel in Cali, Colombia, is good. However, health personnel's knowledge of the topics could be improved. More similar studies are needed in other Colombian regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Foundation: colorectal cancer is one of the main causes of death from cancer in Ecuador, both in men and women. Objective: to evaluate the knowledge and attitudes of residents in a rural canton in relation to the prevention of colorectal cancer. Method: a qualitative-quantitative, descriptive and correlational study was carried out. The study was carried out between October and December 2022 and 245 residents of a rural canton participated. The technique for data collection was the survey. The questionnaire was designed for this purpose with 22 closed questions. The survey was anonymous. All respondents gave informed consent to participate in the study and were informed of its purpose. The results obtained were processed with Microsoft Excel 2016 and statistically analyzed using SPSS 25 software. Non-parametric tests were performed for statistical significance between variables. Results were presented in amounts and percentages with rounding adjustments. Results: a large proportion of respondents were aware that early diagnosis of colorectal cancer increases the chances of cure, however, half of respondents knew that this type of cancer can develop without presenting symptoms. Knowledge about risk factors and symptoms of colorectal cancer in the study group was low. In general, the level of knowledge of the respondents about colorectal cancer and its prevention was mostly sufficient. Conclusions: the results indicate that the level of knowledge and attitudes of the residents of the rural canton in relation to colorectal cancer and its prevention is not yet satisfactory. The need to implement intensive educational activities is highlighted, mainly focused on promoting colorectal cancer screening.

Objetivo: Determinar los conocimientos, las actitudes y las prácticas en el uso de métodos anticonceptivos en mujeres en edad reproductiva del barrio las Delicias de la ciudad de Duitama – Boyacá en el año 2021. Materiales y métodos: Estudio cuantitativo descriptivo – transversal, contando con una muestra calculada de 88 mujeres con muestreo a conveniencia, incluyendo a mujeres entre los 18 y 54 años, aplicando la encuesta validada “Conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas sobre los métodos anticonceptivos” y el análisis estadístico fue de tipo univariado por medio del Software SPPS versión 23. Resultados: Las participantes tenían una edad promedio de 30.67 años (DE: 9,5), la mayoría tenía como estado civil ser soltera (48%; n: 43) y acudían a los programas de planificación familiar (71,6%; n: 63). Todas manifestaron conocer los métodos anticonceptivos (100%; n:88), sin embargo, el 40% (n:36) no tiene claridad sobre las reacciones adversas de la píldora; además el 43,1% (n:38) consideran que al usar el preservativo se disfruta menos de la relación sexual. En mujeres jóvenes predomina la preferencia de métodos de corta duración y hormonales, a diferencia de mujeres con mayor edad en donde predominaron los métodos larga duración o definitivos. Conclusiones: Los profesionales de la salud juegan un papel importante en la asesoría en planificación familiar al detectar las necesidades de la mujer, fortaleciendo la educación en derechos sexuales y reproductivos, para que esta población logre el disfrute de su vida sexual al adquirir una educación integral y con acceso a los métodos anticonceptivos.

Objetivo: sintetizar la evidencia disponible relacionada con el acceso y las prácticas de higiene menstrual en América Latina y el Caribe. Método: revisión de alcance de la literatura con protocolo de investigación registrado en el Open Science Framework, realizada en las bases de datos bibliográficas: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science y Portal Regional da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde. Los datos fueron analizados mediante estadística descriptiva simple y análisis temático. Resultados: se incluyeron 15 publicaciones, la mayoría de las cuales trataban sobre adolescentes en Brasil: 12 artículos, dos informes técnicos y una monografía de trabajo de conclusión de curso. Como temas recurrentes en las publicaciones se destacan: acceso a condiciones dignas para el manejo de la higiene menstrual; necesidad de acceso a información sobre el manejo de la higiene menstrual; y prácticas para el manejo de la higiene menstrual. Conclusión: adolescentes informan dificultades para acceder a baños, agua y materiales absorbentes, y falta de información sobre la salud menstrual, incluso en las escuelas, lo que lleva al ausentismo escolar. De esta manera, las lagunas en la literatura científica latinoamericana revelan desigualdades y diversidad en las experiencias menstruales interseccionadas por categorías como género, clase social y etnia.

Copyright of Avances en Enfermería is the property of Editorial Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Arquivos de Ciências da Saúde da UNIPAR is the property of Associacao Paranaense de Ensino e Cultura and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Despite scientific advances, tuberculosis remains on the global and national epidemiological stage. Objective: To describe the knowledge, attitudes and practices about tuberculosis in health workers before and after an educational intervention in a health institution in Bogotá. Method: A quasi-experimental study was developed with a control group and an experimental group with measurement before and after an educational intervention between October 2021 and March 2022. A previously validated instrument was used to measure knowledge, attitudes and practices of tuberculosis. Results: This study demonstrated, post intervention, adequate knowledge on topics such as: disease transmission, treatment and isolation measures. At the level of attitudes, a false perception of safety against the disease on the part of the health worker was evident. Finally, some practices after the intervention improved in terms of the search for respiratory symptoms, separation of patients with cough and use of personal protection elements. Conclusions: Educational interventions in health workers are essential to improve knowledge, attitudes and practices about tuberculosis, for the benefit of workers and patients, contributing to reducing the transmission of the disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: pharmacovigilance is the discipline that deals with the collection, follow-up, investigation, assessment and evaluation of information from health professionals and patients on adverse drug reactions; incomplete knowledge of this discipline is currently one of the greatest weaknesses of modern therapeutics. Objective: to evaluate knowledge and practices of Pharmacovigilance in medical personnel working at the "Enrique Cabrera" Hospital in Havana about the most commonly used drugs in patients with cardiovascular diseases and the most frequent comorbidities. Methods: a cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out, the universe consisted of 410 physicians and the sample consisted of 80 of them chosen at random. Data were collected through the application of an anonymous questionnaire. Results: Specialists represented 81.25% and physicians without teaching category 70%. There was a predominance of respondents with inadequate knowledge about the concept of Pharmacovigilance (70%) and its importance (55%); there was an adequate level of knowledge about the drugs that are appropriately prescribed according to the most frequent diseases and there was an inadequate identification of the drugs causing rhythm disorders (70%). Conclusion: a large percentage of the staff has a deficient knowledge of pharmacovigilance due to lack of knowledge of its generalities, but not in relation to adverse drug reactions. There is a deficiency in the knowledge of the drugs most used in daily medical practice and which cause rhythm disorders. Intervention measures are required to reverse this situation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Enfermagem e Atenção à Saúde (REAS) is the property of Revista de Enfermagem e Atencao a Saude - Reas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introducción: La reducción del consumo de sal se ha identificado como una de las intervenciones prioritarias para prevenir las enfermedades no transmisibles a nivel mundial. Por ello, se recomienda que uno de los tres pilares para reducir su ingesta es reconocer el nivel de conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas relacionadas con el consumo de sal (CAP-sal). Objetivo: Determinar el nivel de CAP-sal y los factores asociados a estos en la población peruana. Materiales y métodos: Estudio transversal analítico realizado mediante encuesta virtual en población adulta peruana. Resultados: Se trabajó con una muestra de 918 sujetos. La proporción de participantes con conocimiento, actitudes y prácticas suficientes, fue del 54,58 %; 50,22 % y 40,31 %, respectivamente. Las variables que aumentan la probabilidad de tener un nivel suficiente de CAP-sal fueron el sexo femenino, la presencia de obesidad e HTA. Mientras que los antecedentes familiares y área de residencia lo fueron únicamente para conocimientos, el grado de instrucción para conocimientos y prácticas, y la actividad física tanto para actitudes como prácticas. Conclusiones: Tanto el nivel de conocimiento y actitudes fueron suficientes en la mitad de la muestra, pero las prácticas se encuentran por debajo de esta. Existen brechas que varían según las características sociodemográficas, como la edad, sexo, antecedentes de HTA, obesidad y realización de actividad física. Resultados que podrían apoyar la inclusión de la promoción de una nutrición saludable en la población peruana.

Objetivo: analizar los conocimientos de las madres ribereñas sobre la vacunación y su influencia en la práctica de llevar a sus hijos a vacunar. Método: estudio cualitativo/descriptivo realizado en la Unidad de Salud de la Familia de Combú, Belém-Pará, Brasil, con 30 madres ribereñas que tenían hijos en edad de vacunación. Los datos fueron producidos por entrevistas individuales, cuyo corpus fue analizado con el software Interface de R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires 0.7, alpha 2, utilizando la Clasificación Jerárquica Descendente. Resultados: el software generó seis clases, que componían dos categorías: “Conocimientos y prácticas de las madres ribereñas sobre la vacunación” e “Importancia de la educación sanitaria y papel de los profesionales de la salud en el intercambio de información sobre la vacunación”. Conclusión: discutir el conocimiento de las madres ribereñas sobre la vacunación y su influencia en la toma de decisiones nos permitió reflexionar críticamente sobre las prácticas en el día a día de esta población, dando a los profesionales de la salud la oportunidad de repensar estrategias, especialmente en las acciones educativas.

Copyright of Revista de Ciencias Médicas de Pinar del Río is the property of Editorial Ciencias Medicas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Self-medication is one of the most common health maintenance practices in the world, and has been observed more frequently after the emergence of the Covid-19 pandemic. In this context, responsible self-medication is very important to ensure public health and to alleviate health systems. Medical students are referents in society in terms of medication knowledge and therefore are promoters of medication use behaviors. Objective: evaluate self-medication practices among medical students in the context of non-specific symptoms associated or not with SARS-COV-2 infection at a university in Barranquilla, Colombia. Methods: Cross-sectional study conducted in a population of 2285 medical students. A sample of 350 randomly selected students was taken, and a self-administered survey was applied to inquire about aspects related to self-medication practices. Results: The prevalence of self-medication was 100%, and non-responsible self-medication practices were identified in 70.1% of the participants. The academic level of clinical sciences was associated with a high level of knowledge of medication (OR: 1.91; 95%CI: 1.1-3.6); however, these variables did not show an association with responsible self-medication practices. Additionally, 48% indicated that they would be willing to self-medicate without seeking medical assistance in case of symptoms probably related to COVID-19. Conclusions: A high frequency of non-responsible self-medication was found. Further studies are needed to facilitate effective interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: to present a situational diagnosis about the knowledge of health professionals about specific precautions. Methods: cross-sectional study, conducted in a philanthropic hospital in Minas Gerais, with 127 health professionals of higher education. For data collection, was used the instrument "Knowledge of health professionals on Specific Precautions" with 29 multiple choice questions, distributed in five thematic axes. Descriptive procedures and different statistical tests were performed for the analysis of the data. Results: the overall average number of correct answers was 64.7%. The thematic axis "Accommodation and structure" presented a significantly lower median number of correct answers (p<0.001) than the other axes. The axis "Epidemiological chain of transmission of microorganisms" presented a median of 60% and the axes "Environment Care" and "Communication" had a median of 66.7%. The highest median of correct answers occurred in the axis "Personal protective equipment (80%)". Conclusion: assertiveness was low in all thematic axes, which can compromise the quality and safety of the care provided. Thus, there is a need to promote educational actions with innovative strategies, sensitizing these professionals about the adoption of these precautionary measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. To document Grenadian women's knowledge about cervical cancer and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, as well as their attitudes towards primary cervical cancer screening methods. Methods. In this qualitative study, we used focus groups in Grenada to gather information concerning women's knowledge about, attitudes towards and perceptions of screening for cervical cancer and general knowledge about HPV. Ten focus groups comprising 73 participants representing 5 of the 6 parishes in Grenada were conducted with women aged 19--59. Participants were asked about pelvic exams, Pap smears, HPV, reasons for seeking or avoiding cervical cancer screening and how different modalities of testing might affect their decision-making. Responses were then coded and organized into common themes. Results. While many respondents had heard of HPV, far fewer knew about its causative role in cervical cancer, how to prevent HPV infection or testing for the high-risk HPV types that cause almost all cases of cervical cancer. Many participants were aware that cervical cancer screening was beneficial, but numerous barriers to obtaining that screening were noted, including concerns about privacy and stigma, potential discomfort, and the cost and inconvenience involved. Conclusions. Our findings have implications for future cervical cancer screening efforts in Grenada. Central to these efforts should be a focus on educating Grenadians about the role of HPV infection in cervical cancer and the importance of early detection through screening. In addition, addressing issues of stigma and privacy are key to eliminating cervical cancer in Grenada. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cogitare Enfermagem is the property of Cogitare Enfermagem and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cogitare Enfermagem is the property of Cogitare Enfermagem and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ciencia e Innovación en Salud is the property of Universidad Simon Bolivar (USB) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Espaço Para a Saúde is the property of Faculdades Pequeno Principe and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Ciencias Médicas de Pinar del Río is the property of Editorial Ciencias Medicas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

El objetivo fue describir la percepción sobre las vacunas y el nivel de conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas hacia la COVID-19 en adultos mayores que acuden a un hospital en Lima, Perú. Estudio descriptivo y transversal de marzo a noviembre del 2021. Se adaptó y validó un instrumento para medir el nivel de conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas, y se evaluó la percepción sobre vacunas con un cuestionario exploratorio. Se encuestaron a 83 adultos mayores, la media de edad fue 74,0 años y el 62,7% fueron mujeres. La mayoría conoce la causa y síntomas, y el 50,6% cree que puede transmitirse por alimentos contaminados. El 61,7% usa medicina tradicional para prevenirla, y el 65,4% considera insuficiente el nivel de conciencia social. El 91,5% se vacunó contra la COVID-19, y el 65,4% considera que estas vacunas son seguras. En conclusión, la mayoría de los adultos mayores presenta un alto nivel de conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas y una percepción positiva sobre la vacuna contra la COVID-19.

Introducción: La tuberculosis es una enfermedad infectocontagiosa de fácil trasmisión. Para su control, los conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas adecuadas son indispensables, así como los factores relevantes para la adherencia al tratamiento. Objetivo: Caracterizar las definiciones o los conceptos de las dimensiones de conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas en tuberculosis reportados en la literatura durante los últimos diez años. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó una revisión sistemática de la literatura bajo la metodología “Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses”. Inicialmente, se encontraron 1.720 posibles publicaciones, de las cuales, luego de la aplicación de los criterios de exclusión, quedaron 34 para ser incluidas en el análisis de esta revisión. Resultados: La mayoría de los estudios fueron publicados en el año 2018 y predominaron las publicaciones en el continente africano. La caracterización de las dimensiones se relaciona así: los conocimientos se definen como características de la enfermedad, las actitudes se relacionan con el estigma social hacia el paciente y las prácticas corresponden con la búsqueda de atención médica por parte del paciente. Conclusión: Se identificó la escasez de producción científica en donde se especifiquen los conceptos de las dimensiones de conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas, que a su vez permitan el desarrollo de investigaciones de alto rigor y alcance metodológico, ya que las publicaciones realizadas e incluidas para este estudio tuvieron una evaluación de baja calidad.

Copyright of Archivos Latinoamericanos de Nutrición is the property of Sociedad Latinoamericana de Nutricion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To build and validate an instrument to investigate the knowledge, attitudes and practices of Brazilian university students about self-medication. Method: Methodological study carried out at a public university in the center of western Minas Gerais, Brazil. A committee of judges assessed clarity, relevance and comprehensiveness and the pre-test carried out with a target audience to assess understanding and acceptability. The content validity index (CVI) was used to assess the proportion of agreement and Cronbach's alpha coefficient (α) to measure reliability. Results: The instrument consisted of 38 items divided into three sections: characterization of participants (13 items); knowledge and practices of self-medication (3 items); and beliefs and attitudes (22 items). The mean CVI for all sections of the instrument was 0.97 and the Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the beliefs and attitudes section >0.70. Conclusion: The instrument was considered valid to assess knowledge, practice, beliefs and attitudes about self-medication in university students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: When early childhood is given inadequate care, it can experience long-term damaging effects. In this sense, the cultural beliefs and practices of mothers are essential, especially when it comes to adolescents. The objective of this work was to know the beliefs and cultural practices of adolescent mothers in charge of taking care of their children under 5 years of age in a municipality of the Department of Bolívar (Colombia), during the second period of 2020. Method: Qualitative, phenomenological, and hermeneutical study, with 16 adolescent mothers of children under 5 years of age as key informants, to whom a semi-structured interview was applied until information saturation was reached, keeping the corresponding ethical and methodological rigor. Results: Beliefs about care were characterized because mothers think that it should be something integral, that it implies a lot of attention, and it helps to prevent disease. When taking care of their children, they experience feelings of affection, tenderness and gratitude to God. The teaching of the family is marked by myths, superstitions, and unfounded beliefs. The practices included breastfeeding and providing early complementary feeding. The relatives influenced the child's diet, especially mothers, grandmothers, and doctors. Conclusion: The cultural beliefs and practices of the adolescent mothers were shaped by favorable thoughts and feelings, with practices that favor the well-being of their children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introducción: En Colombia la enfermedad de Chagas ocasionada por el protozoo Trypanosoma cruzi, es considerada un problema de salud pública, que requiere la delimitación de una línea base para que las comunidades puedan enfrentar esta patología. Objetivo: determinar los conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas de los habitantes del municipio de Aguazul-Casanare frente a la enfermedad de Chagas. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal, se encuestaron a 389 familias del municipio; se indagó sobre factores sociodemográficos, epidemiológicos, conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas. Resultados: Participaron 221 mujeres (56,8%) y 168 hombres (43,2%). El 31,4% de los participantes tienen conocimientos óptimos, 31,6% buenos. Se observó actitudes óptimas en el 85,9%; el 56,3% tiene malas prácticas y el 43,3% entre prácticas buenas y regulares. Conclusiones: Se determinó que a pesar de que la comunidad tiene buenas actitudes frente a la prevención de la infección, existe un bajo porcentaje en conocimiento óptimo, que se refleja en malas prácticas. Por ello, resulta importante establecer acciones de educación encaminadas al fortalecimiento de conocimientos relacionados con la patología que impacte en la reducción de la endemia.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Analizar la asociación de las prácticas de las enfermeras en la prevención de caídas de adultos mayores hospitalizados con su conocimiento y actitudes. Metodología: Estudio transversal, analítico, realizado con 76 enfermeras en seis hospitales de Cuiabá, estado de Mato Grosso, Brasil. Los datos fueron recolectados por medio de entrevista con cuestionario validado y analizados mediante prueba de la χ2 de Pearson, con un nivel de significación del 5% y regresión de Poisson. Resultados: Se constató que el 89,5% de las enfermeras tienen conocimientos insuficientes, un 52,6% actitud favorable y un 61,8% realiza prácticas preventivas. Hubo asociación entre las prácticas preventivas de caídas realizadas por las enfermeras y el conocimiento suficiente. Conclusiones: La mayoría de las enfermeras tienen conocimiento insuficiente sobre caídas y su prevención; sin embargo, sus actitudes son favorables. Las enfermeras con conocimiento suficiente adoptan más medidas preventivas que aquellas con conocimiento insuficiente.

This study aimed to describe the perception about vaccines and the level of knowledge, attitudes and practices towards COVID-19 in older adults from a hospital in Lima, Peru. Descriptive and cross-sectional study carried out from March to November 2021. An instrument was adapted and validated to measure the level of knowledge, attitudes and practices; the perception about vaccines was evaluated with an exploratory questionnaire. Eighty-three older adults were surveyed, the mean age was 74.0 years and 62.7% were women. Most of the participants knew the cause and symptoms, and 50.6% believed that it could be transmitted by contaminated food. Additionally, 61.7% used traditional medicine to prevent it, and 65.4% considered that the level of social awareness was insufficient; 91.5% were vaccinated against COVID-19, and 65.4% considered these vaccines to be safe. In conclusion, most older adults showed a high level of knowledge, attitudes and practices and a positive perception about the vaccine against COVID-19. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introducción. El cáncer de mama es la neoplasia más común en mujeres y se ha demostrado que la realización frecuente del autoexamen de mama favorece un diagnóstico temprano. Objetivos. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la relación que existe entre los factores familiares y los conocimientos y la práctica frecuente de dicho autoexamen en las mujeres del área rural de Cartagena. Materiales y Métodos. Estudio analítico con 779 mujeres mayores de 20 años del área rural de Cartagena. Se utilizó una encuesta de ocho preguntas para caracterizar a la población. El APGAR familiar evaluó la percepción de la funcionalidad familiar, los conocimientos y la práctica del autoexamen de mama se evaluaron mediante siete preguntas. Resultados. El 73% de las participantes tiene conocimientos sobre el autoexamen de mama, el 49% nunca se lo ha realizado, 31,1% de las mujeres que conviven con máximo cuatro personas tienen mejores conocimientos sobre el autoexamen respecto a las que conviven con más. La funcionalidad familiar influye en la realización frecuente de este procedimiento (p valor = 0,006). Conclusiones. Los conocimientos sobre autoexamen de mama fueron mejores en aquellas mujeres que viven en adecuados entornos familiares lo que favorece la realización regular del autoexamen de mama.

Background: tobacco use is a risk factor that predisposes to various diseases. Adolescence is the stage where smokers mainly start, therefore preventive work is necessary from the early stages of life. Objective: to determine the characteristics of active smoking in adolescents. Methods: descriptive cross-sectional study with ninth-grade students from Frank País García Elementary School in Cienfuegos. The variables age, sex, clinical characteristics (given by intensity, frequency and signs of dependence), knowledge about smoking and attitudes towards it were analyzed. Results: the sample was made up of 180 students; 56.6% female and 43.3% male. 14-year-old non-smoking students predominated. The level of knowledge about smoking was inadequate for both groups. There was no significant relationship between sex, knowledge, and smoking; the majority showed an attitude of rejection of cigarettes. More than half of the smokers consumed almost every day of the month. The frequency was 6 to 10 cigarettes a day, a smaller group of students presented nicotinic dependence (30.8%). Conclusions: it was confirmed that tobacco consumption was present in some of the students in the sample and also nicotinic dependence, which is of great relevance due to the stage of life in which they are. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aimed to evaluate a group of health professionals' knowledge, attitudes, and practices on pharmacovigilance in the context of COVID-19 in the Peruvian Social Health Insurance (EsSalud). A descriptive secondary analysis was carried out on a database that included responses from an online survey conducted by the Institutional Referral Center for Pharmacovigilance and Technovigilance of EsSalud. Of 144 participants, 66% showed a high level of knowledge and 81.2% had a positive attitude; however, 71.5% had an inadequate level of pharmacovigilance practice. Although EsSalud professionals demonstrated a high level of knowledge and positive attitude to implement pharmacovigilance, this is not reflected in the practice of this activity during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Strategies should be implemented to integrate pharmacovigilance into healthcare activities to benefit patient safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Odontología Vital is the property of Universidad Latina de Costa Rica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Texto & Contexto Enfermagem is the property of Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Programa de Pos-Graduacao de Enfermagem and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Texto & Contexto Enfermagem is the property of Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Programa de Pos-Graduacao de Enfermagem and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Universidad Médica Pinareña is the property of Editorial Ciencias Medicas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objetivo: Determinar los conocimientos y las prácticas de cuidado de madres adolescentes de niños menores de 5 años sobre enfermedad Diarreica aguda en Cartagena, Colombia. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio Analítico, de corte transversal, en el que participaron 203 madres adolescentes (12-17 años) de niños menores de 5 años, de un sector de Cartagena de Indias Colombia. Para la recolección de la información se diseñó un instrumento elaborado por los investigadores, los datos fueron almacenados en Microsoft Excel y analizados en paquete estadístico de SPSS versión 22. Resultados: El 41,9% de las participantes tenía menos de 17 años, solo el 30,5% (n=62) de las participantes manifestaban conocer los factores de riesgo para la enfermedad diarreica aguda, con respecto a las prácticas de cuidador realizadas el 75,4% (n=153) de las participantes asiste al médico directamente; un 84,7% (n=172) hidrata a sus hijos con sueros orales, la variable asociada a los conocimientos fue; menor edad (entre 12 y 14 años)(p=0,0080), mientras tanto el tener una pareja estable se asoció con las prácticas de cuidado relacionada con la ingesta de líquidos en casos de enfermedad diarreica aguda (p=0,0033). Conclusiones: A pesar de que existen niveles bajos de conocimientos sobre los posibles factores implicados en los casos de enfermedad diarreica aguda, es importante destacar que la población estudiada aplica las prácticas de cuidado pertinentes para evitar los casos de esta en sus en sus hijos menores de 5 años.

Objetives: To estimate the association between having knowledge about cervical cancer (CC) and having a Pap test (PAP) in Peruvian women over 30 years old. Materials and Methods: A secondary analysis of the Demographic and Family Health Survey of the years 2015 to 2017 was carried out. The level of knowledge was evaluated using the questions, do you think that cancer can be prevented?, Have you ever heard of CC?, Have you ever heard of human papillomavirus (HPV)? And do you think HPV can cause CC? The dependent variable was the realization of a PAP in the last two years. To estimate the association, generalized linear models of the raw and adjusted Poisson family were used. The measure of association was the adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR) with its respective 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Results: Data from 21 563 women were analyzed. The prevalence of having performed a PAP in the last two years was 52.4%. It was found that, those who responded that cancer can be prevented (aPR = 1.09; 95% CI: 1.01-1.17), who had heard of CC (aPR = 1.27; 95% CI: 1.14-1 , 40) or HPV (aPR = 1.20; 95% CI: 1.13-1.28) or who responded that HPV could cause CC (aPR = 1.21; 95% CI: 1.11-1.33) had a higher prevalence of having performed a PAP in the last two years. Conclusions: Having knowledge about CC and HPV has been associated with having performed a PAP in the last two years.

Los psicólogos que se dedican a la atención de personas diagnosticadas con VIH es necesario que cuenten con una actitud favorable hacia el trabajo profesional que impacte en una mejor atención; además es necesario que como profesionales de la salud, también tengan un comportamiento sexual saludable, de tal manera que haya congruencia entre lo que hace y lo que transmite como profesional. Con base en lo anterior, se tienen dos objetivos: (1) conocer el nivel de conocimientos sobre VIH/SIDA, creencias y uso del condón en relaciones sexuales estudiantes de psicología; y (2) conocer su percepción sobre VIH y del trabajo profesional con personas diagnosticadas con VIH. Se evaluó a 439 estudiantes de psicología, en términos generales se encontró que tienen un nivel aceptable de conocimientos sobre VIH, pero no sobre el uso del condón; tienen creencias favorables hacia su uso, pero no implica que sean consistentes en su uso; también se encontró una valoración positiva hacia la atención de personas con VIH. Se discute en términos de la importancia de formar a los estudiantes sobre la importancia de su salud sexual y en cómo trabajar con personas con VIH.

Copyright of Biomédica: Revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud is the property of Instituto Nacional de Salud of Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introducción. En 2020-03-11 la Organización Mundial de la Salud categorizó COVID-19 como pandemia mundial. En Colombia, el departamento de Casanare declaró la emergencia sanitaria en 2020-03-16 y el Presidente de la República declaró emergencia económica, social y ecológica el 2020-03-17; cinco días después se confirmó el primer caso departamental. Objetivo. Indagar conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas (CAP) del departamento sobre COVID-19. Métodos. Estudio descriptivo transversal de conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas (CAP) más caracterización sociodemográfica en población departamental (435.195 habitantes). Muestreo por municipio y grupo etario decenal mediante Statcalc, Epi-Info® 7.2.2.2. Captación de datos ejecutada con herramienta de Formularios Google vía redes sociales WhatsApp y Facebook. Análisis descriptivo con Epi Info™7.2.2.2 y Stata® 13. Resultados. Fueron diligenciadas en total 1.120 encuestas arrojando los siguientes resultados: Socio-demografía: 541(48,9%) eran residentes en Yopal, 779(69,6%) mujeres, edad 36±12 años, 919(82,1%) entre 20-49 años, 582(50,2%) casados/unión libre, 251(22,4%) se identificaron como trabajadores de la salud y 869 (77,6%) desempeñaban otras actividades, 565(50,4%) profesionales, de ellos, 157(27,8%) con posgrado, 113(10,1%) se reconocieron como pertenecientes a una etnia. Conocimientos: todos escucharon hablar de la enfermedad, 695 (62,1%) personas la describieron como una enfermedad viral/infecciosa; 1.077(96,2%) que se contagia por estornudos; para 155(13,8%) es una gripa; 965(86,2%) identificaron como signo temprano la tos leve y 334(29,8%) desconocían la ruta de atención. Actitudes: 657(58,6%) salieron por comida o trabajo en las últimas 24 horas; 985(85,5%) consideraron que la responsabilidad de prevención es de todos. Prácticas: 825(95,0%) manifestaron informarse por medio de la radio/televisión; 1.109 (99,0%) eligieron no salir de casa como la principal medida preventiva, 890(79,5%) no tuvieron consulta de salud en los últimos 30 días; ante la presencia de síntomas 896(80,0%) escogieron llamar a línea de atención; 809(72,2%) se debe estar en aislamiento/cuarentena para prevenir la enfermedad y 796 (71,1%) opinaron que la autoridad debe hacer Inspección/Vigilancia/Control y mantener el aislamiento. Discusión. La población mostró sobre COVID-19 conocimiento básico, buena actitud, posición cooperativa y exigencia a la autoridad. Se recomienda mantener/fortalecer las acciones de inspección, vigilancia y control (IVC) y la información, educación y comunicación a los ciudadanos.

To analyze the social representations of AIDS in people living with HIV who are attended at three municipal health centers. Descriptive, qualitative study, supported by the structural approach of the Theory of Social Representations. The scenarios were three Health Centers in Rio de Janeiro. 180 people living with HIV participated. Data collected through a sociodemographic questionnaire and with the technique of free evocation of words to the inducing term aids. Sociodemographic data were organized in an Excel spreadsheet. Evocation analysis was performed using the EVOC software. The central nucleus was integrated by the elements disease-normal, fear, bad, normal life and death. The maximum tree points out the lexicons disease-normal and prejudice as an indication of centrality. It demonstrates the existence of a process of change being operated, with the consolidation of the possibility of living with the disease, through elements that characterize the adaptation to the evolution of the new context of the syndrome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To analyze the prevalence of falls prevention practices among informal elderly caregivers and the associated factors. Cross-sectional study with 97 informal caregivers of elderly people from five Family Health Strategy units. Data collection took place in June and August 2017, using a validated questionnaire. In multivariate analysis, Poisson multiple regression was used. The prevalence of caregivers' fall prevention practices was 26.8%. The most preventive fall measures adopted and reported by caregivers were mainly to watch the elderly (57.7%), avoid loose carpets in the house (28.9%) and wet floors (23.7%), to guide the elderly to walk with caution (18.6%) and restrict the activities of the elderly (12.4%). Prevention practices were associated with the variables years of study (p = 0.027), marital status (p = 0.047) and attitudes of caregivers (p = 0.037). The prevalence of fall prevention practices performed by caregivers is low and needs to be encouraged by professionals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The Covid-19 pandemic has affected the emotional health of human resources in health care, despite having knowledge about the virus and its management, health care personnel, including nurses, have shown stress and fear of Covid-19. Objective. To describe and correlate the level of fear, stress, knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding Covid-19 in nursing students and recent graduates in Colombia. Method. A cross-sectional and analytical observational study was conducted in Colombia between October and November 2020. The instruments of fear, stress and knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding Covid-19 were answered online by 1621 nursing students and recent graduates. Results. A mean fear score of 20.69 ± 6.1 points, a mean stress score of 89.15 ± 29.5 points and relative frequencies above 80% for knowledge, attitudes and practices to Covid-19 were observed. Direct correlations were observed between knowledge and attitudes and, in turn, attitudes with the practice. Fear was inversely correlated with knowledge and directly correlated with Covid-19 stress. Conclusion. An adequate cognitive level is observed in nursing students and recent graduates, but an emotional deficiency in the Covid-19, in terms of stress and fear. It is necessary to establish mental health support strategies for this key population in the current and future control of health crisis situations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Oral hormonal contraceptives are among the contraceptive methods most used by women, when used correctly, it is highly effective, but for proper use, it is essential that they have adequate knowledge and attitudes about them. Objective: To build and validate an inquiry to assess knowledge, attitudes and practice on or use of oral hormonal contraceptive. Methods: Methodological study, which took place in two stages: construction of the survey and validation by expert judges. The content validity analysis was performed using the Content Validity Index (CVI). The judges evaluated each item individually, with respect to language clarity, practical relevance and theoretical relevance. The Research Ethics Committee approved the research. Results: In the integrative literature review, 34 publications were selected and their analysis allowed the identification of the three categories: knowledge, attitudes and practice regarding the use of oral hormonal contraceptives, which led to the construction of the survey with 34 questions. As for the CVI, most of the questions had a value greater than 0.8 (80.0%), which was used as a parameter. Regarding the total CVI per judge, 10 (83.3%) of them also had a value higher than 0.8. The total CVI of the survey was 0.86. Conclusions: The constructed survey proved to be a valid instrument for obtaining a situational diagnosis of the levels of knowledge, attitudes and practice of a given population that uses oral contraceptives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The sport practice bears a high risk of dentoalveolar trauma, reason why it is necessary that trainers and sportsmen know on the appropriate use of oral protectors and the emergency procedure in view of the emergence of a dental trauma. Objective: To determine the level of information on oral protectors and dental avulsion in sport trainers. Methods: A descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out during February, 2020, in the Lino Salabarría Pupo Provincial Initiation Sport School in Sancti Spíritus. A probabilistic, representative and random sample of 25 trainers from combat sports and ball games was selected, to whom an structured survey on oral protectors and dental avulsion was applied. Results: Among the members of the series, 76 % were university students and 52 % had more than 10 years of professional experience. Also, it was obtained that 88 % recommended the use of the oral protector to their sportsmen, but most of them ignored its characteristics, functions and types, as well as the way to behave considering the occurrence of a dental avulsion. Conclusions: The level of information on oral protectors and dental avulsion in the sport trainers was poor, what demonstrated that the education on this topic is necessary. In fact, dentists have the task of carrying out campaigns to motivate and educate in the use of oral protectors and in the correct emergency procedure in case a dentoalveolar trauma happened. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Investigacion & Educacion en Enfermeria is the property of Universidad de Antioquia, Facultad de Enfermeria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Salud Bosque is the property of Universidad El Bosque and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Saúde is the property of Revista Saude and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)