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The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationships between cybervictimization in social networks, problematic smartphone use, aggressive behaviors, and prosocial altruistic tendencies in young adults. The sample consisted of 601 young adults (mean age = 19.96 years; SD = 2.27; 69.1% female) who were administered online assessments of experiences of humiliation on networks, problematic smartphone use, prosocial altruistic tendencies, and aggressiveness. Results indicated significant indirect effects of cyber victimization on aggressiveness and prosocial altruistic tendencies through problematic smartphone use. Problematic cell phone use explained the relationships between online humiliation and aggressive and prosocial altruistic behaviors. The results confirmed the positive relationship between cybervictimization and problematic cell phone use, consistent with previous research. However, the negative relationship between cybervictimization and altruistic prosocial tendencies was not corroborated. The findings emphasize the need to promote actions that foster social connectedness and interdependence among young individuals to develop their identity within the community.

Sleep quality is defined as the satisfaction experienced in relation to the duration and depth of sleep achieved during the night. In addition, aggressive behaviors are actions of a violent nature that lead to harm or damage, both physically and emotionally, to people, directly influencing their well-being and quality of life. In the present study, the objective was to determine the relationship between sleep quality and aggressive behaviors in professional drivers. The sample used was 121 adult professional drivers (18 years and older), members of the Union of Professional Drivers of the Canton of Quero. The research was quantitative - nonexperimental, with a cross-sectional approach and descriptive and correlational scope. To measure the variables under study, two instruments were used: the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) adapted to Spanish, and the Aggression Scale (AQ) adapted to Spanish. The results showed that there was a low positive correlation between the variables; in sleep quality, good sleep quality prevailed (55.4%) and in aggressive behaviors, a low and very low level prevailed (46.3% and 44.6%, respectively). In addition, no significant differences were found in aggressive behaviors according to gender. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and correlates of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and its subtypes in Chinese community adults. A total of 7366 adults (mean age = 38.13 years, SD = 7.87, ranging from 18 to 81) completed questionnaires assessing childhood positive experiences, childhood trauma, behavior inhibition, aggression, suicide behaviors, and ADHD symptoms. Logistic regression was conducted to examine the correlations. Multivariate analysis of variance was used to compare the differences in aggressive behaviors between different ADHD subtypes. The prevalence of ADHD was 6.7%, with the inattentive type (ADHD-I) 4.6%, the hyperactive-impulsive type (ADHD-H) 0.8%, and the combined type (ADHD-C) 1.3%. Younger age, low income, poorer physical condition, fewer childhood positive experiences, childhood trauma, and behavior inhibition were significantly related to ADHD symptoms. Regarding ADHD subtypes, young age, low income, less childhood positive experience, childhood trauma and behavior inhibition were related to elevated risk for ADHD-I; poorer physical condition and childhood trauma were significantly related to ADHD-H; childhood trauma and behavior inhibition were significantly associated with ADHD-C. Finally, all subtypes were associated with aggression behaviors, non-suicide self-injury and suicidal behaviors, with ADHD-HI and ADHD-C reporting more aggressive behaviors and suicide attempt. The findings suggest that adult ADHD is a common disorder with high prevalence in the Chinese community population, and multiple psychosocial factors are related to ADHD. Although most adults with ADHD endorsed inattention symptoms, ADHD with hyperactive-impulsive symptoms need more attention in consideration of its related high aggressive behaviors and risk of suicidal attempt. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Existing research has rarely explored how maternal psychological control impacts adolescent aggressive behaviors, and little is known about the protective factors that can buffer these associations. This study examines the indirect effect of emotional reactivity in the relation between maternal psychological control and both proactive and reactive aggression, as well as the moderating role of trait mindfulness. The sample included 1864 Chinese adolescents (mean age = 12.80 years old, SD = 1.26) and their mothers. Adolescents self-reported their emotional reactivity and trait mindfulness, while mothers reported data on maternal psychological control and adolescents' aggressive behaviors. Results of the latent variable structural equation model showed that emotional reactivity has an indirect effect in the relation between maternal psychological control and both proactive and reactive aggression. Trait mindfulness buffers the relation between psychological control and proactive aggression (but not reactive aggression). Trait mindfulness mitigates the effect of maternal psychological control on emotional reactivity. The indirect effects of emotional reactivity on the relations between maternal psychological control and both proactive and reactive aggression were significant only for adolescents with low levels of trait mindfulness, but not for those with high levels. This study holds significant implications for optimizing parenting styles and preventing and reducing the incidence of aggressive behaviors in adolescents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Determination of the factors that predict adolescents' aggressive behaviors is important for their healthy development and the welfare of society. The aim of this study is to investigate the predictive role of self-compassion, mental toughness and emotional-psychological well-being variables on adolescents' aggressive behaviors. The sample group consisted of 1639 Turkish adolescents (828 girls, 811 boys) aged 11–16 (Mage = 13.62, SD = 1.58) years. We collected the data using the sub-dimension of Prosocial and Aggressive Behaviors, Aggressive Behaviors, Self-Compassion Scale, Mental Toughness Scale for Adolescents and The Stirling Childrens' Well-being Scale. The findings of the study showed that there was a significant negative correlation between adolescents' aggressive behaviors and their self-compassion, mental toughness, and emotional-psychological well-being. According to the results of the three-stage hierarchical regression, when we added the mental toughness variable to the first model, we found that it had a predictive role. When self-compassion and emotional-psychological well-being variables were added to the second and third models, respectively, we found that mental toughness had no significant role. Our structural regression analysis results showed that emotional-psychological well-being and self-compassion played a serial mediating role in the relationship between adolescents' mental toughness levels and their aggressive behaviors. Findings support the importance of self-compassion, mental toughness and emotional-psychological well-being in adolescents' aggressive behaviors. Overall, it is thought that the results of our study may contribute to prevention, intervention studies and policies to reduce aggressive behaviors in adolescents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Self-regulatory self-efficacy belief (i.e., SRSE) represents a fundamental factor for adjustment in adolescence, as a vehicle to promote positive behaviors and protect youths from transgressions and maladjustment. Research attested that, during adolescence, boys are more vulnerable to externalizing behaviors than girls, especially when they perceive themselves as scarcely capable of managing and orienting their behaviors and when they possess impairments in impulsivity. Previous studies firmly supported the crucial role of SRSE, especially in the offline context in adolescence. Still, very few studies investigated its impact in the online context, although nowadays, the Internet represents one of the most significant environments for youths' daily lives. Thus, we aimed to examine the protective moderating role of SRSE in online and offline aggressive behaviors beyond youths' temperamental vulnerabilities, such as high impulsivity. A sample of 318 Italian adolescents (Mage = 15.21; SD = 0.51; 57% boys; 40% girls; 3% third gender) were asked to complete the Impulsivity Scale at Wave 1, online and offline aggressive behaviors scales at Wave 2, and SRSE at Wave 2. The multiple-group-by-gender moderation model evidenced that, for what concerns online aggression, beyond the direct effects of impulsivity in boys and girls, SRSE directly affected online aggression and mediated the effect of impulsivity in girls. In contrast, impulsivity significantly affected offline aggressive behaviors only indirectly through the impact of SRSE, and SRSE directly influenced these behaviors in both genders. These results hold for the effects of youth's age, sexual orientation, socioeconomic status, and years of education completed. This work preliminary evidenced that, contrary to previous studies which focused mainly on the vulnerability of boys to aggressive conduct, impulsivity had direct effects on online aggressive behaviors in girls, and SRSE can protect adolescents of both genders in the online context by predicting low online aggression and represents a protective factor from the indirect effects that impulsivity impairments can also have in the offline context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is a well-established, although complex, association between aggression and psychosis, particularly in the early stages of illness. Some persons display aggressive behaviors even prior to psychosis onset. However, factors associated with aggressive behaviors prior to and at first-episode psychosis (FEP) onset remain underdocumented. The objective is two-fold: 1) to describe the prevalence of verbal and physical aggression occurring during the premorbid phase and at FEP onset; 2) distinguish the factors associated with aggressive behaviors during these two periods. Data on aggressive behaviors and factors potentially associated therewith were collected through research interviews and chart reviews among 567 persons with FEP admitted to two early intervention services in Montreal, Canada. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify factors associated with aggressive behaviors in both periods. In the premorbid phase, 46.1 % (n = 257/558) of patients presented aggression (verbal: 35.9 %; towards objects: 24.2 %; against others: 27.9 %). At FEP, 18.1 % (n = 101/558) presented aggressive behaviors (verbal: 12.9 %; towards objects: 6.1 %; against others: 8.8 %). In the premorbid phase, lower education, prior justice involvement, cluster B personality traits/disorder and poorer functioning were associated with aggressive behaviors, while, at FEP, only prior homelessness was associated with aggression. Aggressive behaviors are frequent in patients with FEP, prior onset and at FEP. Premorbid aggressive behaviors seem to be associated with premorbid difficulties. Early detection of youth with psychosis and those at high risk of psychosis, particularly homeless youth, is necessary to provide access to early specialized interventions and possibly prevent aggressive behaviors and their consequences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BackgroundMindful parenting is related to the physical and mental health of adolescents， but only few empirical studies have been conducted on the mindful parenting and none has addressed on the impact and actor-partner effects of mindful parenting on adolescents' aggressive behaviors via parenting stress.ObjectiveTo explore the impact and actor-partner effects of mindful parenting on adolescents' aggressive behaviors via parenting stress， so as to provide references for improvements in family education and interventions on behavioral problems in adolescents.MethodsA sample of 907 subjects （including family members and students） from three classes in each of five grades from grade 5 in elementary school to grade 9 in junior high school in Mianyang， Sichuan Province were selected from September 8 to 15， 2023. Parents were assessed with Mindfulness In Parenting Questionnaire （MIPQ） and Parenting Stress Index-Short Form （PSI-SF）， and students were required to fulfill aggressive behavior scale of Youth Self-Report （YSR）. Pearson correlation analysis was utilized to examine the correlation among the above scales. The actor-partner interdependence model was used to analyze the impact of mindful parenting on their own and their spouses' parenting stress， as well as the impact on adolescents' aggressive behaviors via parenting stress.ResultsA total of 472 families completed the effective questionnaires. Both father and mother's mindful parenting exhibited an actor effect on adolescents' aggressive behaviors via their own parenting stress， with the effect size of -0.018 （P=0.002） and -0.026 （P=0.012）. The partner effect sizes of father's mindful parenting and mother's mindful parenting on adolescents' aggressive behaviors via their spouse's parenting stress were -0.006 （P=0.026） and -0.007 （P=0.012）， respectively.ConclusionMindful parenting has been proven to have specific indirect impact on adolescents' aggressive behaviors through their own and their spouse's parenting stress， and the actor effect and partner effect are found both significant. ［Funded by Key Project of National Education Science Planning and Ministry of Education （number， DBA220439）］

The objective of the present study was to analyze the effect of the match between family and school socioeconomic status (SES) on adolescents' aggressive behaviors. Additionally, the moderating roles of gender and the parent-child relationship were examined. A total of 2,823 adolescents completed the Aggressive Behavior Scale, the Parent-Child Relationship Scale, and the Family SES Scale. School SES was measured by the average family SES of all students in the school. SES was categorized as high or low based on one standard deviation above or below the mean. The results showed that when there was a match between family and school SES, adolescents with "Low Family-Low School" SES exhibited more aggressive behaviors compared to those with "High Family-High School" SES. When there was a mismatch between family and school SES, adolescents with "High Family-Low School" SES exhibited higher levels of aggressive behaviors than those with "Low Family-High School" SES. Gender did not moderate these effects. Furthermore, when the parent-child relationship was poor, adolescents exhibited higher levels of aggressive behaviors when family SES exceeded school SES. Conversely, the effects of family and school SES on aggressive behavior were not significant when the parent-child relationship was strong. The present study highlights that the match and mismatch between family and school SES significantly influence adolescents' aggressive behaviors and that a strong parent-child relationship has a protective effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The lack of requisite library resources has an enormous effect on academic life in most universities. While previous studies have suggested that the lack of resources such as textbooks affects academic success, this study seeks to provide empirical evidence on the chain effect of the lack of recommended textbooks in universities. Design/methodology/approach: The study uses a quantitative dataset from 636 students from five public universities in Ghana collected using well‐structured questionnaires. The study adopts exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS‐SEM) to analyze the measurement and structural models. Findings: The study concludes that limited library resources (such as recommended textbooks) frustrate library users and eventually birth antisocial behaviors such as stealing, hiding, and eroding books (or pages). Originality/value: This study highlights the significance of providing adequate library resources. It also guides library managers, policymakers, and scholars to manage library resources effectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Mindful parenting is related to the physical and mental health of adolescents, but only few empirical studies have been conducted on the mindful parenting and none has addressed on the impact and actor-partner effects of mindful parenting on adolescents' aggressive behaviors via parenting stress. Objective To explore the impact and actor-partner effects of mindful parenting on adolescents' aggressive behaviors via parenting stress, so as to provide references for improvements in family education and interventions on behavioral problems in adolescents. Methods A sample of 907 subjects (including family members and students) from three classes in each of five grades from grade 5 in elementary school to grade 9 in junior high school in Mianyang, Sichuan Province were selected from September 8 to 15, 2023. Parents were assessed with Mindfulness In Parenting Questionnaire (MIPQ) and Parenting Stress Index-Short Form (PSI-SF), and students were required to fulfill aggressive behavior scale of Youth Self-Report (YSR). Pearson correlation analysis was utilized to examine the correlation among the above scales. The actor-partner interdependence model was used to analyze the impact of mindful parenting on their own and their spouses' parenting stress, as well as the impact on adolescents' aggressive behaviors via parenting stress. Results A total of 472 families completed the effective questionnaires. Both father and mother's mindful parenting exhibited an actor effect on adolescents' aggressive behaviors via their own parenting stress, with the effect size of -0. 018 (P=0. 002) and -0. 026 (P=0. 012). The partner effect sizes of father's mindful parenting and mother's mindful parenting on adolescents' aggressive behaviors via their spouse's parenting stress were -0. 006 (P=0. 026) and -0. 007 (P=0. 012), respectively. Conclusion Mindful parenting has been proven to have specific indirect impact on adolescents' aggressive behaviors through their own and their spouse's parenting stress, and the actor effect and partner effect are found both significant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Black students' school experiences are important for their mental health. The current study explored the link between school connectedness in middle childhood and depressive symptoms and aggressive behaviors among Black adolescents. Participants were Black youth (Mage = 9.36 years, SD = 0.38 at time 1), (Mage = 15.59 years, SD = 0.60 at time 2), and 50.2% female. The findings demonstrated a significant association between school connectedness assessed at age nine and reduced depressive symptoms and aggressive behaviors reported at age fifteen. Notably, gender moderated the relationship between school connectedness and depressive symptoms, with a stronger association found for girls. These results offer valuable insights into how early perceptions of school connectedness impact the mental health of Black adolescents as they grow older. These findings also indicate that girls might be more attuned to the social and emotional aspects of their schools. These findings validate the significance of a sense of connection to school with mental health outcomes among Black adolescents and indicate the possibility of school connectedness interventions to enhance their overall well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract This study aims to examine the mediating role of self-efficacy (SE) and self-control (SC) in the relationship between physical activity (PA) and aggressive behaviors (AB) among college students. It provides a basis for the prevention and control of AB among college students. This study employed a survey research methodology, including the PA Level Scale, the General Self-efficacy Scale, the Self-control Scale, and the Chinese Aggressive Behaviors Scale on 950 college students. The chain mediating effect test and Bootstrap analysis were applied. The results were as follows: (1) There was a main effect of PA on SE, SC, and AB as well as all sub-indicators (physical aggression, verbal aggression, anger, hostility, self-directed aggression), i.e., PA had a direct effect on the control of all three; (2) PA level was significantly negatively correlated with AB and significantly positively correlated with SE and SC. That is, the higher the level of PA, the better the SE and SC, and the lower the probability of AB; (3) The three pathways had mediating effects: PA → SE → AB, PA → SC → AB, PA → SE → SC → AB, with effect sizes of 8.78%, 28.63%, and 19.08%, respectively. It is concluded that regular PA is a potent method for decreasing aggressive behavior and psychological issues in university students while additionally promoting self-efficacy and self-control. Increasing the intensity of PA may enhance the effectiveness of these chain benefits.

The effects of the interaction between polygenes and the parent–child relationship on junior high school students' aggressive behaviors were explored through the frameworks of gene‐endophenotype‐behavior and neurophysiological basis. A total of 892 junior high school students participated in this study. They were asked to complete self‐reported questionnaires, and saliva samples were collected. Results showed that 5‐HTTLPR, MAOA‐uVNTR, COMT (rs4680), and Taq1 (rs1800497) of the DRD2 gene affected students' aggressive behaviors in an accumulative way. The polygenic risk score explained 3.4% of boys' aggression and 1.1% of girls' aggression. The interactions between polygenic risk score and parent–child conflict significantly affected the aggressive behaviors of male students, but did not show any significant effect on those of female students. The interactional effect of polygenic risk score and parent–child conflict on junior high school students' aggressive behaviors was completely mediated by frustration. However, the interaction effect of polygenic risk score and parent–child affinity on aggression was not affected by frustration. This study helps us better understand junior high school students' aggressive behaviors and promotes the prevention and correction of adolescents' problem behaviors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Purpose The lack of requisite library resources has an enormous effect on academic life in most universities. While previous studies have suggested that the lack of resources such as textbooks affects academic success, this study seeks to provide empirical evidence on the chain effect of the lack of recommended textbooks in universities. Design/methodology/approach The study uses a quantitative dataset from 636 students from five public universities in Ghana collected using well‐structured questionnaires. The study adopts exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS‐SEM) to analyze the measurement and structural models. Findings The study concludes that limited library resources (such as recommended textbooks) frustrate library users and eventually birth antisocial behaviors such as stealing, hiding, and eroding books (or pages). Originality/value This study highlights the significance of providing adequate library resources. It also guides library managers, policymakers, and scholars to manage library resources effectively.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationships between cybervictimization in social networks, problematic smartphone use, aggressive behaviors, and prosocial altruistic tendencies in young adults. The sample consisted of 601 young adults (mean age = 19.96 years; SD = 2.27; 69.1% female) who were administered online assessments of experiences of humiliation on networks, problematic smartphone use, prosocial altruistic tendencies, and aggressiveness. Results indicated significant indirect effects of cyber victimization on aggressiveness and prosocial altruistic tendencies through problematic smartphone use. Problematic cell phone use explained the relationships between online humiliation and aggressive and prosocial altruistic behaviors. The results confirmed the positive relationship between cybervictimization and problematic cell phone use, consistent with previous research. However, the negative relationship between cybervictimization and altruistic prosocial tendencies was not corroborated. The findings emphasize the need to promote actions that foster social connectedness and interdependence among young individuals to develop their identity within the community.

Self-regulatory self-efficacy belief (i.e., SRSE) represents a fundamental factor for adjustment in adolescence, as a vehicle to promote positive behaviors and protect youths from transgressions and maladjustment. Research attested that, during adolescence, boys are more vulnerable to externalizing behaviors than girls, especially when they perceive themselves as scarcely capable of managing and orienting their behaviors and when they possess impairments in impulsivity. Previous studies firmly supported the crucial role of SRSE, especially in the offline context in adolescence. Still, very few studies investigated its impact in the online context, although nowadays, the Internet represents one of the most significant environments for youths’ daily lives. Thus, we aimed to examine the protective moderating role of SRSE in online and offline aggressive behaviors beyond youths’ temperamental vulnerabilities, such as high impulsivity. A sample of 318 Italian adolescents (Mage = 15.21; SD = 0.51; 57% boys; 40% girls; 3% third gender) were asked to complete the Impulsivity Scale at Wave 1, online and offline aggressive behaviors scales at Wave 2, and SRSE at Wave 2. The multiple-group-by-gender moderation model evidenced that, for what concerns online aggression, beyond the direct effects of impulsivity in boys and girls, SRSE directly affected online aggression and mediated the effect of impulsivity in girls. In contrast, impulsivity significantly affected offline aggressive behaviors only indirectly through the impact of SRSE, and SRSE directly influenced these behaviors in both genders. These results hold for the effects of youth’s age, sexual orientation, socioeconomic status, and years of education completed. This work preliminary evidenced that, contrary to previous studies which focused mainly on the vulnerability of boys to aggressive conduct, impulsivity had direct effects on online aggressive behaviors in girls, and SRSE can protect adolescents of both genders in the online context by predicting low online aggression and represents a protective factor from the indirect effects that impulsivity impairments can also have in the offline context.

Primate tourism brings many benefits, but also some problems. How to better evaluate primate tourism is of significance for formulating tourism management strategies. In this study, we compared the aggressive behavior of three Sichuan snub-nosed monkey groups that encounter ecotourists and found that male aggressive behavior is a useful indicator for assessing ecotourism of these and, by inference, other groups. In high-risk tourism groups multiple monkeys direct aggression towards tourists, whereas low-risk tourism groups are characterized by low rates of such aggression. We found that tourists touching or attempting to touch the monkeys can trigger aggressive behaviors in all groups, while carrying food and eating have different effects across groups. In well-managed groups, tourist-directed aggressive behaviors are milder than in less well-managed groups. We propose that male monkey aggressive behavior elicited by tourists’ behavior is a useful indicator in assessing primate tourism, and can help guide further improvements in tourism management.

Social media addiction (SMA) is considered a risk factor for aggressive behaviors in adolescents, while its underlying mechanisms remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the possible mediating roles of nighttime social media use and sleep quality in the relationship between SMA and aggressive behaviors. A sample of 773 Italian secondary school students (49.9% female, age range = 11–15 years) completed a self-report questionnaire that included information on SMA, nighttime social media use, sleep quality, and aggressive behaviors. Results indicated that SMA was positively associated with aggressive behaviors. In addition, SMA was positively related to nighttime social media use and negatively related to sleep quality. Nighttime social media use was associated with a poorer sleep quality, which in turn associated with more aggressive behaviors. Analyses indicated that both nighttime social media use and sleep quality were mediators in the relationship between SMA and aggressive behaviors in adolescents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Integrative psychiatry seeks to link to the biological perspective various factors with a role in the prophylaxis and treatment of severe mental disorders (SMD). In the context of stigmatization of SMD patients, a sad reality promoted by the media, starting from events in which aggressive and violent behaviors come to the forefront of public attention, it is necessary to find risk factors with predictive value for such behaviors, as a preliminary stage of initiating policies for prophylaxis, early detection and treatment in SMD. Clinical, neurobiological and genetic factors are explored in this work, which is based on the analysis of data from literature, but also on our own studies, with the aim of integrating, in an approach with both theoretical and practical implications, the data necessary to create strategies to prevent violent behaviors in patients with SMD. Factors such as extrapyramidal phenomena, hypoglycemia, alcohol abuse, brain trauma, elevated C-reactive protein values, personal history of ADHD or conduct disorder, mitochondrial dysfunction, and genetic and epigenetic risk factors are all assessed for their contribution to the onset of aggressive behaviors in schizophrenia. It is expected that future research will confirm the predictive value of at least some of these factors, so that the next stage may begin – i.e., the finding of prophylactic and therapeutic strategies [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Topic: Globally, the COVID‐19 pandemic had impacted the health care delivery including inpatient psychiatric facilities. Within psychiatric settings, life of inpatients was profoundly altered. Purpose: This paper aimed to understand if pandemic‐related changes within an inpatient Eating Disorder Unit in a specialized psychiatric hospital in Ontario, Canada impacted incidence of aggression and use of coercive methods among adolescents. Source Used: An exploratory study design was used to examine incidence of aggression, self‐harm, code whites, staff assist, restraints and seclusion, and nasogastric feeding (NGF) among adolescents with eating disorders before and after the modified service delivery within the inpatient unit. Descriptive analyses were conducted. Results: Analyses revealed a complete reduction in episodes of self‐harm, aggression, staff assists, use of restraint and seclusion as well as an 80.14% reduction on average use of NGF. Conclusion: Authors speculate that the change in environment and program delivery method, peer influence, and shift in power relations between patient and staff may have resulted in improved experiences. This report provides insights to adopt a recovery‐oriented service delivery for adolescents with eating disorders in inpatient settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the relationship between dark personality traits, aggressive behavior in violent video games, and severe traffic violations among 200 driving offenders from Tehran, Iran, participating in a rehabilitation program. Participants engaged in a computerized shooting decision task, where their tendency to shoot unarmed targets (innocent victims), compared to armed targets (criminals), was used as an indicator of aggressive behavior toward innocent victims. Additionally, they completed self‐report measures of narcissism, Machiavellianism, psychopathy, and sadism to evaluate the impact of Dark Tetrad personality traits on their behavior. Bivariate analyses revealed associations between Dark Tetrad personality traits and aggressive behavior in the video game with serious traffic offenses. Multivariate analyses identified Machiavellianism, sadism, and aggressive behavior in video games as significant predictors of severe traffic offenses. The results suggest that dark personality traits and aggressive behavior in video games may aid in better identifying road traffic offenders with the most severe violations. Potential implications for preventing repeated traffic offenses by tailoring rehabilitation programs are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When evaluating the sport industry, hedonic motives lead individuals to be attracted to the actions of a particular sport or team. When individuals attend sports games, they tend to lose their inhibitions, escape the stresses of everyday life, or find immediate pleasure which are considered forms of hedonic motivation. Previous studies have indicated that fans choose to attend games due to expectations of good offensive and defensive performances. Additional studies have suggested that aggression in sports games may hedonically motivate spectators to attend because they find aggressive acts in sports pleasing and exciting. Thus, the purpose of this inferential study was to analyze whether elements of team offensive performance, defensive performance, or aggressive player actions hedonically motivated fans to attend NHL games between the 2010-2011 and 2019- 2020 seasons. A hierarchal multiple regression analysis was performed to determine if the independent variables of wins, goals, minor and major penalties, game misconduct or fighting major could predict NHL attendance. The first block of the hierarchal analysis revealed that the model explained 7.4% of the variation in NHL attendance. However, only the factors of goals scored, and game misconduct revealed to be a significant influence on attendance. The second block of the hierarchal analysis revealed that the model represented 8.7% of the variation in attendance. The second block showed that only goals scored, and game misconduct directly influenced attendance. The results illustrated that hedonic reasons such as scoring a goal and game misconduct due to fighting motivated spectators to attend NHL games. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Background: Teen dating violence (TDV) is a growing issue among adolescents, leading to several negative behavioral and psychological consequences. Most studies have been carried out in North America, whereas few have been conducted in Europe and Italy. Despite the existence of some studies underlying risk factors for TDV, to the best of our knowledge, none of them have tested a comprehensive model that includes several risk factors (and their interplay) for verbal–emotional and physical TDV such as witnessing IPV, involvement in school bullying and victimization, cyberbullying and cybervictimization, deviant behaviors, and violence against teachers. Methods: A short-term longitudinal study involving 235 students aged 10–14 who filled in an online questionnaire twice. Results: The tested path analysis model showed an excellent fit to data, with a different pattern of risk factors affecting youth involvement as perpetrator and victim in physical and verbal–emotional TDV. Differential paths emerged for females and males. Conclusions: This article includes discussions on practical and policy implications for future research, stressing the need to develop, implement, and evaluate the effectiveness of primary prevention programs addressing and managing youth involvement in violent and aggressive behaviors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sleep problems and aggressive behaviors are two prevalent and highly related problems among adolescents and emerging adults worldwide. This longitudinal study examined the reciprocal relations between sleep disturbance with aggressive behaviors and whether emotional dysregulation functioned as mediator of the relations, after separating within-person effects from between-person effects. A total of 4352 freshman students participated in a five-wave longitudinal study across two and half years. Data from the second wave to the fourth wave was used in this study. Random intercept cross-lagged panel models (RI-CLPM) were utilized to separate between- and within-person effects. Results from RI-CLPM showed: (a) Sleep disturbance and aggressive behaviors bidirectionally predicted each other at the within-person level; (b) Emotional dysregulation functioned as a mediator of the associations from sleep disturbance to aggressive behaviors at the within-person level. These findings advanced the literature by elucidating longitudinal associations among sleep disturbance, emotional dysregulation, and aggressive behaviors at the within-person level, suggesting that prevention and intervention programs targeted at improving emotional regulation skills may be helpful to prevent the developmental pathway from sleep disturbance to aggressive behaviors among college students. • Sleep disturbance and aggressive behaviors were bidirectionally related. • Emotional dysregulation mediated the association between sleep disturbance and aggressive behaviors. • Gender differences were not found in these relationships. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Although previous studies have noted that emotional intelligence (EI) might be a significant protective factor for aggressive behavior, the specific mechanisms involved is largely unknown. Based on the General Aggressive Model, this cross-sectional study aims to investigate whether EI will influence aggressive behavior through the mediating roles of positive affect (PA) and negative affect (NA). Methods: A total of 410 primary school students (45.4% females; Mage = 10.35, SD = 0.48, range from 10 to 11 years) from Shenzhen, China, completed questionnaires on EI, aggressive behavior, PA, and NA. SPSS 22.0 was used for reliability test and correlation analysis, and (Hayes, 2013) [1] PROCESS macro (Model 6) was used to examine the multiple mediation model. Results: The results show that (a) EI was negatively associated with children's aggressive behavior; (b) NA partially mediated the link between EI and aggressive behavior in children, and (c) PA and NA sequentially mediated the above link. Conclusion: This study would not only deepen our understanding of how EI is associated with aggressive behavior but also provide valuable suggestions for teachers and parents to more effectively prevent and intervene children's aggressive behavior.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) with regression (ASD-R) involves the loss of previously attained developmental milestones, typically during the first or second year of life. As children age, it is not uncommon for them to develop comorbid conditions such as aggressive behaviors or epilepsy, which can inhibit habilitation in language and social function. In this paper, we hypothesize that aggressive behaviors and epilepsy more commonly develop in patients with ASD-R than in those without a history of regression (ASD-NR). We conducted a retrospective review of non-syndromic patients with ASD over 12 years of age and compared the rates of epilepsy and aggression between ASD-R and ASD-NR patients. Patients with ASD-R, as compared to ASD-NR patients, demonstrated non-significantly higher rates of epilepsy (51.8% vs. 38.1%, p = 0.1335) and aggressive behaviors (73.2% vs. 57.1%, p = 0.0673) when evaluated separately. The rates for combined epilepsy and aggression, however, were statistically significant when comparing ASD-R versus ASD patients (44.5% vs. 23.8%, p = 0.0163). These results suggest that epilepsy with aggression is more common in ASD-R as compared to ASD-NR patients. When considering the impact of epilepsy and aggression on quality of life, these co-morbidities effectively cause a second regression in patients who experienced an earlier regression as toddlers. A larger, prospective trial is recommended to confirm these associations and further define the timeline in which these characteristics develop from early childhood to adolescence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aggressive behaviors in early childhood may indicate future violence, so effective intervention measures should be taken on time to promote children's physical and psychological health. Based on sampling survey data from Jintang County in Sichuan Province of China, this paper analyzes the mechanism of rural children's aggressive behaviors from the perspective of peer influences and examines the role of parent involvement in it. The results show that the deeper the degree of deviant peer affiliation, the poorer the psychosocial adaptation of rural children, which is more likely to lead to aggressive behaviors. Parent involvement can effectively inhibit the aggressive behaviors of rural children arising from deviant peer affiliation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cycling has always been popular in China, especially during the years when the government encouraged green travel. Many people participate in rides to ease traffic congestion and increase transfer convenience. Due to the disorganized and tidal nature of cycling, cyclists create many conflicts with other groups. Adolescents are vulnerable road users with a strong curiosity and risk-taking mindset. Identifying the factors influencing adolescents' aggressive riding behavior can assist in developing strategies to prevent this behavior. An online questionnaire was used to collect data on bicycling among students in a middle school in Guangzhou, China. The theory of planned behavior (TPB) and prototype willingness model (PWM) have been applied to study travel behavior and adolescent risk behavior. To investigate the impact of psychological variables on adolescent aggressive behavior, we used TPB, PWM, TPB + PWM, and an integrated model. Behavioral intentions are greatly influenced by attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control. Both descriptive and moral norms played a role in behavioral willingness. The integrated model explained 18.3% more behavioral variance than the TPB model. The social reactive pathway explained more variance in behavior than the rational path. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To establish a predictive model of aggressive behaviors from hospitalized patients with schizophrenia through applying multiple machine learning algorithms, to provide a reference for accurately predicting and preventing of the occurrence of aggressive behaviors. Methods: The cluster sampling method was used to select patients with schizophrenia who were hospitalized in our hospital from July 2019 to August 2021 as the survey objects, and they were divided into an aggressive behavior group (611 cases) and a non-aggressive behavior group (1,426 cases) according to whether they experienced obvious aggressive behaviors during hospitalization. Self-administered General Condition Questionnaire, Insight and Treatment Attitude Questionnaire (ITAQ), Family APGAR (Adaptation, Partnership, Growth, Affection, Resolve) Questionnaire (APGAR), Social Support Rating Scale Questionnaire (SSRS) and Family Burden Scale of Disease Questionnaire (FBS) were used for the survey. The Multi-layer Perceptron, Lasso, Support Vector Machine and Random Forest algorithms were used to build a predictive model for the occurrence of aggressive behaviors from hospitalized patients with schizophrenia and to evaluate its predictive effect. Nomogram was used to build a clinical application tool. Results: The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) values of the Multi-Layer Perceptron, Lasso, Support Vector Machine, and Random Forest were 0.904 (95% CI: 0.877-0.926), 0.901 (95% CI: 0.874-0.923), 0.902 (95% CI: 0.876-0.924), and 0.955 (95% CI: 0.935-0.970), where the AUCs of the Random Forest and the remaining three models were statistically different (p < 0.0001), and the remaining three models were not statistically different in pair comparisons (p > 0.5). Conclusion: Machine learning models can fairly predict aggressive behaviors in hospitalized patients with schizophrenia, among which Random Forest has the best predictive effect and has some value in clinical application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The purpose of this systematic review was to examine the efficacy of mindfulness-based interventions for improving anxiety, social skills, and aggressive behaviors in children and young people (CYP) with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD); summarize the results across clinic, home, and school contexts; and evaluate the quality of these interventions for clinical practice. Methods: A search of the PsycINFO, Medline (Ovid), Web of Science, and Scopus databases was conducted in June 2021, and no date restrictions were applied. Inclusion criteria were quantitative or qualitative research implementing a mindfulness-based intervention for CYP aged 6-25 years with a diagnosis of ASD, Pervasive Development Disorder, or Asperger's Syndrome. Results: We identified 23 articles for inclusion including within subject pre- and post-testing, multiple baselines, and randomized control trials, among other research designs. Of these, a quality analysis conducted using an ASD researchspecific risk of bias tool found over half (14) were of weak methodological quality, whereas only four and five were found to be of strong and adequate quality, respectively. Discussion: While the results of this systematic review suggest promising evidence for the use of mindfulness-based interventions to improve anxiety, social skills, and aggressive behaviors in CYP with ASD, results should be interpreted with caution due to the limitations resulting from the overall weak quality of the studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Based on the ecological systems theory and cumulative risk model, the current study aimed to determine the mediating effects of parenting styles, peer relationship, and psychological capital on family socioeconomic status and adolescents' aggressive behaviors, as well as the moderating effects of economic regional differences. Methods: In a cross‐sectional design, 1271 Chinese adolescents were recruited to complete the MacArthur Scale, the short‐form Egna Minnen av Barndoms Uppfostran, the Positive PsyCap Questionnaire, the peer support subscale in the Student Personal Perception of Classroom Climate, and the Aggression Questionnaire. Results: After controlling for gender and age, parenting style, peer relationship, and psychological capital not only mediated, but also constituted multiple chains mediation between family socioeconomic status and aggressive behaviors. Moreover, economic regional differences moderated the multiple chains mediation model between family socioeconomic status and aggressive behaviors. Conclusion: The accumulation of multiple adverse factors increases the probability of inducing aggressive behaviors, and the development of psychological capital helps reduce the occurrence of aggressive behaviors in adolescents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

IntroductionThe purpose of this systematic review was to examine the efficacy of mindfulness-based interventions for improving anxiety, social skills, and aggressive behaviors in children and young people (CYP) with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD); summarize the results across clinic, home, and school contexts; and evaluate the quality of these interventions for clinical practice.MethodsA search of the PsycINFO, Medline (Ovid), Web of Science, and Scopus databases was conducted in June 2021, and no date restrictions were applied. Inclusion criteria were quantitative or qualitative research implementing a mindfulness-based intervention for CYP aged 6–25 years with a diagnosis of ASD, Pervasive Development Disorder, or Asperger’s Syndrome.ResultsWe identified 23 articles for inclusion including within subject pre- and post-testing, multiple baselines, and randomized control trials, among other research designs. Of these, a quality analysis conducted using an ASD research-specific risk of bias tool found over half (14) were of weak methodological quality, whereas only four and five were found to be of strong and adequate quality, respectively.DiscussionWhile the results of this systematic review suggest promising evidence for the use of mindfulness-based interventions to improve anxiety, social skills, and aggressive behaviors in CYP with ASD, results should be interpreted with caution due to the limitations resulting from the overall weak quality of the studies.The review protocol was pre-registered on PROSPERO (CRD42021259125) and can be viewed at https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=259125

Abstract Introduction Based on the ecological systems theory and cumulative risk model, the current study aimed to determine the mediating effects of parenting styles, peer relationship, and psychological capital on family socioeconomic status and adolescents’ aggressive behaviors, as well as the moderating effects of economic regional differences. Methods In a cross‐sectional design, 1271 Chinese adolescents were recruited to complete the MacArthur Scale, the short‐form Egna Minnen av Barndoms Uppfostran, the Positive PsyCap Questionnaire, the peer support subscale in the Student Personal Perception of Classroom Climate, and the Aggression Questionnaire. Results After controlling for gender and age, parenting style, peer relationship, and psychological capital not only mediated, but also constituted multiple chains mediation between family socioeconomic status and aggressive behaviors. Moreover, economic regional differences moderated the multiple chains mediation model between family socioeconomic status and aggressive behaviors. Conclusion The accumulation of multiple adverse factors increases the probability of inducing aggressive behaviors, and the development of psychological capital helps reduce the occurrence of aggressive behaviors in adolescents.

Dysregulation in brain neurotransmitters underlies several neuropsychiatric disorders, e.g., autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Also, abnormalities in the extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK)/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway pave the way for neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, and altered learning phenotype in ASD. Therefore, the effects of chronic systemic administration of the multiple-targeting antagonist ST-713 at the histamine H3 receptor (H3R) and dopamine D2/D3 receptors (D2/D3R) on repetitive self-grooming, aggressive behaviors, and abnormalities in the MAPK pathway in BTBR T + Itpr3tf/J (BTBR) mice were assessed. The results showed that ST-713 (2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg, i.p.) mitigated repetitive self-grooming and aggression in BTBR mice (all p < 0.05), and the ameliorative effects of the most promising dose of ST-713 (5 mg/kg, i.p.) on behaviors were completely abrogated by co-administration of the H3R agonist (R)-α-methylhistamine or the anticholinergic drug scopolamine. Moreover, the elevated levels of several MAPK pathway proteins and induced proinflammatory markers such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and IL-6 were significantly suppressed following chronic administration of ST-713 (5 mg/kg, i.p.) (all p < 0.01). Furthermore, ST-713 significantly increased the levels of histamine and dopamine in hippocampal tissue of treated BTBR mice (all p < 0.01). The current observations signify the potential role of such multiple-targeting compounds, e.g., ST-713, in multifactorial neurodevelopmental disorders such as ASD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This review shows the television violence research into a broader context by examining if the media violence (epically television violence) is the cause of violent behavior for the receivers. We describe how researchers discussed whether exposure to television violence increases aggressive or violent behavior by reviewing different research studied and examining the relationship between exposure to television violence and aggressive or other undesirable behavior. We concluded that exposure to television violence is the main cause of aggressive and violent behavior and an important factor that contributes to more aggressive and violent behaviors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Adolescents tend to experience multiple motor-vehicle crashes (MVCs). Recent literature has thoroughly explored the psychological consequences following an MVC, but prior psychological functioning, the ability to regulate one's emotions and tendencies to impulsivity and aggressive behaviors have been far less explored. This study aims to explore the emotional–behavioral functioning, measured with the Youth Self-Report (YSR); emotional dysregulation, measured with the Difficulties in Emotional Regulation Scale (DERS); impulsivity traits, measured with the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11); and the capacity to be mindful, measured with the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS), in adolescents that have experienced one or more MVCs in a year. N = 295 adolescents who visited an emergency department for MVCs were divided in two groups based on the number of MVCs they had sustained over the course of a year. The adolescents in Group 1 sustained more than three MVCs, and adolescents in Group 2 sustained only one. Participants were assessed through self-report questionnaires. Adolescents showed difficulties in emotional regulation, impulsivity traits, aggressive behaviors and a low capacity to be mindful. These results may be useful in the creation of intervention and prevention programs focused on emotional awareness targets for adolescents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The European Starling (Sturnus vulgaris) is a cavity-nesting bird with great invasive potential. As a result of human intervention, this bird is now distributed across all continents (except Antarctica) and its distribution range is increasing at an alarming rate. The European Starling was introduced to Argentina in 1983 and is currently distributed across almost the entire country. It is considered one of the hundred most damaging invasive species in the world and constitutes a serious competitive threat to native cavity-nesting birds. Interactions between European Starlings and cavity-nesting birds generally have negative consequences on native bird populations, although there are still few reports in the literature that account for the degree of damage. In this study, we report for the first time details of the harassment strategy and subsequent cavity usurpation by European Starlings on a breeding pair of Green-barred Woodpeckers (Colaptes melanochloros) in an urban area of central-eastern Argentina. Over one breeding season, the woodpeckers excavated seven cavities, none of which were successful. In six of these reproductive attempts (86%) we recorded interactions with European Starlings and in five (71%) the cavity was usurped. On three occasions we recorded a cooperative harassment strategy by a group of European Starlings causing the woodpeckers to abandon the cavity. Our report is especially relevant if we consider the invasive potential of the European Starling worldwide and the frequently limited cavity supply in bird breeding habitats. Therefore, we encourage governmental authorities and environmental NGOs to take measures to control the populations of this aggressive invasive species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background This study investigated an association between schizoid tendencies and aggressive behaviors in Chinese adolescents, and explored the underlying mechanism. Methods The data of 3094 adolescents aged 12 to 16 years were collected from an epidemiological survey in China. All the subjects or their parents completed the Achenbach’s Child Behavior Checklist, the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form, and the Adolescent Self-rating Life Event Checklist (ASLEC). Results Relative to the non-schizoid group, adolescents with schizoid tendencies (male or female) showed significantly higher scores for aggressive behaviors, emotional abuse, and ASLEC. Regarding females only, those with schizoid tendencies had significantly higher (lower) scores for physical abuse and emotional neglect (physical neglect). The aggressive behaviors score was predicted by scores for schizoid tendencies (βmale = 0.620, βfemale = 0.638, both P

IntroductionCyberbullying and cybervictimization are spread worldwide, and due to COVID-19, an increasing number of children and adolescents have been impacted. Since the beginning of the twenty-first century, research has investigated and highlighted the key risk factors for cyberbullying and cybervictimization, and numerous anti-cyberbullying prevention and intervention programs have been developed and assessed for their efficacy. Despite this, no studies have specifically focused on the individual, relational, and contextual risk factors associated with the onset of youth involvement in cyberbullying and cybervictimization.MethodsTo address this lacuna, 333 Italian students aged 10–16 years (M = 12.16, SD = 1.35) were involved in a year-long longitudinal study and filled in the anonymous online actuarial Tabby Improved Checklist two times with a 6-month interval. Onset risk factors for cyberbullying and cybervictimization have been separately analyzed by excluding all students involved in cyberbullying from the original sample or in the cybervictimization baseline (T1).ResultsThe results showed that being male, being involved in school bullying, having low levels of awareness of online risk, and having high levels of affective empathy were all significant onset risk factors for cyberbullying. Similarly, being male, being involved in school bullying and victimization, having high levels of affective empathy, and moral disengagement were onset risk factors for cybervictimization.ConclusionGiven the negative psychological and behavioral consequences of cyberbullying and cybervictimization, this article includes discussions on practical and policy implications for future research, stressing the need to develop, implement, and evaluate the effectiveness of primary prevention programs addressing and managing onset risk factors for cyberbullying and cybervictimization.

Background: Teen dating violence (TDV) is a growing issue among adolescents, leading to several negative behavioral and psychological consequences. Most studies have been carried out in North America, whereas few have been conducted in Europe and Italy. Despite the existence of some studies underlying risk factors for TDV, to the best of our knowledge, none of them have tested a comprehensive model that includes several risk factors (and their interplay) for verbal–emotional and physical TDV such as witnessing IPV, involvement in school bullying and victimization, cyberbullying and cybervictimization, deviant behaviors, and violence against teachers. Methods: A short-term longitudinal study involving 235 students aged 10–14 who filled in an online questionnaire twice. Results: The tested path analysis model showed an excellent fit to data, with a different pattern of risk factors affecting youth involvement as perpetrator and victim in physical and verbal–emotional TDV. Differential paths emerged for females and males. Conclusions: This article includes discussions on practical and policy implications for future research, stressing the need to develop, implement, and evaluate the effectiveness of primary prevention programs addressing and managing youth involvement in violent and aggressive behaviors.

Each year, 275 million children worldwide are exposed to domestic violence (DV) and suffer negative mental and physical health consequences; however, only a small proportion receive assistance. Pediatricians and child psychiatrists can play a central role in identifying threatened children. We reviewed experiences of DV screening in pediatric and child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS) to understand its feasibility and provide clues for its implementation. We performed bibliographic research using the Sapienza Library System, PubMed, and the following databases: MEDLINE, American Psychological Association PsycArticles, American Psychological Association PsycInfo, ScienceDirect, and Scopus. We considered a 20-year interval when selecting the articles and we included studies published in English between January 2000 and March 2021. A total of 23 out of 2335 studies satisfied the inclusion criteria. We found that the prevalence of disclosed DV ranged from 4.2% to 48%, with most prevalence estimates between 10% and 20%. Disclosure increases with a detection plan, which is mostly welcomed by mothers (70–80% acceptance rates). Written tools were used in 55% of studies, oral interviews in 40%, and computer instruments in 20%. Mixed forms were used in three studies (15%). The most used and effective tool appeared to be the Conflict Tactics Scale (CTS) (30% of studies). For young children, parental reports are advisable and written instruments are the first preference; interviews can be conducted with older children. Our research pointed out that the current literature does not provide practical clinical clues on facilitating the disclosure in pediatric clinics and CAMHS. Further studies are needed on the inpatient population and in the field of children psychiatry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: Hepatoid adenocarcinoma of the stomach (HAS) is a subset of gastric cancer (GC) histologically characterized by hepatocellular carcinoma-like foci with or without alpha-fetoprotein secretion, which is easily misdiagnosed. Genomic alterations and potential targets for this population are still largely unknown. Additionally, treatment regimens of HAS are mainly based on GC guidelines, which is not reasonable for diseases with great heterogeneity. The present study comprehensively depicts the genomic features of HAS, and they are significantly different from GC, AFP-producing GC (AFPGC), and liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC). Multiple aggressive behavior-related amplificated or deleted regions in HAS are firstly reported. Moreover, reliable and practicable clinically actionable alterations for HAS are identified, providing evidence for making personalized therapy based on the genomic characteristics of HAS instead of GC. Hepatoid adenocarcinoma of the stomach (HAS) is a rare malignancy with aggressive biological behavior. This study aimed to compare the genetic landscape of HAS with liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC), gastric cancer (GC), and AFP-producing GC (AFPGC) and identify clinically actionable alterations. Thirty-eight cases of HAS were collected for whole-exome sequencing. Significantly mutated genes were identified. TP53 was the most frequently mutated gene (66%). Hypoxia, TNF-α/NFκB, mitotic spindle assembly, DNA repair, and p53 signaling pathways mutated frequently. Mutagenesis mechanisms in HAS were associated with spontaneous or enzymatic deamination of 5-methylcytosine to thymine and defective homologous recombination-related DNA damage repair. However, LIHC was characteristic of exposure to aflatoxin and aristolochic acid. The copy number variants (CNVs) in HAS was significantly different compared to LIHC, GC, and AFPGC. Aggressive behavior-related CNVs were identified, including local vascular invasion, advanced stages, and adverse prognosis. In 55.26% of HAS patients there existed at least one clinically actionable alteration, including ERBB2, FGFR1, CDK4, EGFR, MET, and MDM2 amplifications and BRCA1/2 mutations. MDM2 amplification with functional TP53 was detected in 5% of HAS patients, which was proved sensitive to MDM2 inhibitors. A total of 10.53% of HAS patients harbored TMB > 10 muts/Mb. These findings improve our understanding of the genomic features of HAS and provide potential therapeutic targets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Adolescence is a period of transition for developmental and social domains that may also be accompanied by behavioral problems. Aggressive behavior may be a mental health concern for young teens and is defined as a behavioral and emotional trait that may be distressing for others. This study aimed to understand the factors associated with aggressiveness among young teenage girls. A cross-sectional study was conducted among a sample of 707 female middle school-aged students using multistage random sampling in Tabriz, Iran. The variables of interest were aggressiveness, general health status, happiness, social acceptance, and feelings of loneliness. Structural equation modeling was employed to analyze the data. Low parental support, low satisfaction with body image, high sense of loneliness, and lower perceived social acceptance were found to be the factors influencing aggressiveness. The current study found that the school environment, home environment, individual and interpersonal factors all play a part in aggressiveness. As a result, the contributing elements must be considered when creating and executing successful interventions to improve this population’s psychological well-being.