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U ovom istraživanju ispitana je genetska varijabilnost i stabilnost prema fenotipskim svojstvima 150 genotipa ozime pšenice iz gen kolekcije Fakulteta agrobiotehničkih znanosti Osijek u četiri vegetacijske sezone. Odabir genotipova proveden je prema godini priznavanja, zastupljenosti u proizvodnji, području uzgoja i pedigreu. Ciljevi ovog istraživanja bili su: (1.) procijeniti vrijednosti agronomskih svojstava za utvrđivanje kriterija fenotipske stabilnosti pšenice, (2.) procijeniti genetsku varijabilnost germplazme pšenice na temelju agronomskih svojstava, (3.) identificirati genotipove nositelje određenih agronomskih svojstava i izabrati superiorne genotipove za buduća križanja. U analizu morfoloških podataka bila su uključena 22 svojstva prema UPOV-om vodiču za provođenje ispitivanja različitosti, ujednačenosti i postojanosti (DUS) pšenice. Mješovitim modelom analize varijance utvrđene su statistički značajne razlike između sorata za sve vegetacijske godine i za sva ispitivana svojstva; utvrđen je statistički značajan utjecaj razdoblja priznavanja u odnosu na visinu biljke, duljinu klasa, broj zrna po klasiću, masu 1000 zrna, prinos, broj zrna po klasiću, masu klasa i masu zrna po klasu dok regija priznavanja nije statistički značajno utjecala samo na duljinu kasa. Genotipovi su pokazali stabilnost i varijabilnost u ekspresiji morfoloških svojstava. Genotipovi Nirvana, Beaver i Magnif imali su najveći koeficijent različitosti, dok su se prema stabilnosti prinosa izdvojila dva Francuska genotipa Premio i Bastide i stari Argentinski genotip Excelisior te ih prema tome možemo preporučiti kao roditelje u budućim oplemenjivačkim programima., In this research, the genetic variability and stability according to the phenotypic properties of 150 winter wheat genotypes from the gene collection of the Faculty of Agrobiotechnical Sciences Osijek were examined in four growing years. The selection of genotypes was carried out according to the year of recognition, representation in production, area of cultivation and pedigree. The aim of this research were: (1) to estimate the values of agronomic properties for determining the criteria of phenotypic stability of wheat, (2) to assess the genetic variability of wheat germplasm based on agronomic properties, (3) to identify varieties carrying certain agronomic properties and to select superior genotypes for future crossings. In the analysis of morphological data, 22 properties were included according to the UPOV guidelines for the conduct of test for distinctness, uniformity and stability (DUS) of wheat. Statistically significant differences between the cultivars for all vegetation years and for all tested properties were determined by the mixed model of variance analysis; a statistically significant influence of the period of recognition was determined in relation to plant height, spike length, number of grains per spike, weight of 1000 grains, yield, number of grains per spike, weight of spikes and mass of grains per spike, while the region of registration did not statistically significantly affect only the spike length. Genotypes showed stability and variability in the expression of morphological traits. Genotypes Nirvana, Beaver and Magnif had the highest diversity coefficient, while two French genotypes Premio and Bastide, and old Argentine genotype Excelisior stood out accordin

Bu çalışma, Çukurova Üniversitesi, Ziraat Fakültesi araştırma alanında, 2019 ve 2020 yılı üretim sezonunda ana ürün koşullarında yapılmıştır. Araştırmaya konu olan denemeler tesadüf bloklar deneme desenine göre, üç tekrarlamalı olarak kurulmuştur. Araştırmada, farklı yer fıstığı çeşitlerinin melezlemesinden elde edilen ve pedigri seleksiyon yöntemine göre seçilen ve denemeye değer bulunan 14 adet ileri ıslah hattı (F8 ve F9) ile Sultan, Ayşehanım, NC-7 ve Halisbey çeşitleri de (standart olarak) materyal olarak kullanılmıştır. Bu araştırmada, denemeye alınan ileri kademedeki yer fıstığı hatlarına ait bitki başına meyve sayısı ve ağırlığı, 100 tohum ağırlığı, iç randımanı, meyve ve tohum verimi ile yağ ve protein oranı gibi önemli özellikler incelenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre; denemeye alınan yer fıstığı hatlarına ait meyve ve tohum verimi değerleri iki yıllık ortalamasına göre sırasıyla 427.9-791.6 kg/da ve 312.5-550.0 kg/da arasında değişim göstermiştir. Dekara en yüksek meyve verimi Osmaniye 2005 x NC-7 çeşitlerinin melezlemesinden elde edilen HA-03 (791.6 kg/da) elde edilmiştir. İki yıllık ortalama değerlere göre HA-03, HW-1, YF-8/P ve YF-19 ıslah hatlarının meyve verimi bakımından standart çeşitlerinden daha yüksek değerlere sahip oldukları gözlenmiştir., This study was conducted as a main crop in University of Cukurova, Faculty of Agriculture Field Crops Department in 2019 and 2020. The objective of this study was to determine the important agronomic and quality characteristics of advanced peanut breeding lines (F8 and F9) in main crop growing condition. In this study, 14 advanced peanut breeding lines belonging to Osmaniye-2005 x NC-7 (HA-01, HA-02, HA-03 and HA-14), Halisbey x Flower 32 (HC-1 and HC-4), Halisbey x Wilson (HW-1), Halisbey x HA-Runner (HR-1), Sultan x Brantley (YF-16/SB and YF-21/SB) and Halisbey x Brantley (YF-1, YF-8/P, YF-15 and YF-19) crossings and four standard varieties (Sultan, Ayşehanım, NC-7 and Halisbey) were used as a plant material. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with three replications. Pod number and pod weight per plant, 100-seed weight, shelling percentage, pod and kernel yield per decar, oil and protein content values of lines were investigated. According to a two tear average, the pod and seed yield per decar of breeding lines varied between 427.9-791.6 kg/da and 312.5-550.0 kg/da, respectively. The highest pod yield per decar was obtained from HA-03 line (791.6 kg/da) belonging to Osmaniye-2005 x NC-7 crossing. The pod yield of HA-03, HW-1, YF-8/P and YF-19 breeding lines were found higher than Standard varieties.

Bu çalışma bazı ileri kademe tritikale hatlarının Bursa ekolojik koşullarında verim ve kalite yönünden araştırılması amacıyla Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezinde 2015-2016 ve 2016 -2017 ekim döneminde tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre 3 tekerrürlü olarak yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada 17 ileri kademe ıslah hattı ile 3 çeşit (Eronga, Nörtingen ve Karma-2000) bitki materyali olarak kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada bitki materyali üzerinde verim özellikleri olarak; bitki boyu, başak uzunluğu, başakta başakçık sayısı, başakta tane sayısı, başakta tane ağırlığı, tane verimi değerleri ile kalite özellikleri olarak ise 1000 tane ağırlığı, hektolitre ağırlığı, ve protein oranı özellikleri incelenmiştir. Denemeden elde edilen iki yıllık ortalama sonuçlarına göre; genotiplerin bitki boyları 116,90 - 128,55 cm, başak uzunlukları 9,60 - 12,96 cm, başakta başakçık sayısı 23,45 - 28,50 adet, başakta tane sayıları 31,40 - 48,33 adet, başakta tane ağırlıkları 1,54 - 2,33 g, 1000 tane ağırlıkları 36,25 - 49,35 g, hektolitre ağırlıkları 71,50 - 76,86 kg, tane verimleri 437,71- 642,95 kg/ da ve protein oranları ise % 12,51 - 14,11 arasındaki değerlerde belirlenmiştir. Korelasyon analizi sonucuna göre tane verimi ile başakta başakçık sayısı (r = 0,308**),1000 tane ağırlığı (r = 0,330**), hektolitre ağırlığı (r = 0,244**) arasında pozitif, protein oranı (r = -0,519**) ile negatif önemli ilişkiler saptanmıştır. This research was carried out at an experimental field at the Field Crops Department of the Faculty of Agriculture at Bursa Uludag University with a randomized complete block design with three replications was used during the 2015-2016 and 2016-2017 growing seasons in order to investigate yield and quality traits of some advanced triticale lines in Bursa ecological conditions. In this study,17 advanced triticale lines and 3 varieties (Eronga, Nörtingen ve Karma-2000) were used as plant material. In the experiment yield characteristics on plant material; plant height, spike lenght, number of spikelets/spike, number of grains/spike and grain weight/spike, and grain yield and quality characteristics as 1000 grain weight, hectoliter weight and protein ratio characteristics were investigated. According to the two-year average results obtained from the trial, means ranged from 116,90 – 128,55 cm for plant height, 9,60 - 12,96 cm for spike length, 23,45 - 28,50 number of spikelets per spike, 31,40 - 48,33 number of seeds per spike, 1,54 - 2,33 g for seed weight per spike, 36,25 - 49,35 g for thousand grain weight, 71,50 - 76,86 kg for hectoliter weight, 437,71 - 642,95 kg/ da for grain yield, % 12,51 - 14,11 for protein content. According to the result of the correlation analysis, statistically and positively significant relation were determined between grain yield and number of spikelets per spike (r = 0,308**),1000 grain weight (r = 0,330 **), hectoliter weight (r = 0,244 **) and significant and negative relationships with protein ratio (r = -0,519 **).

Bu çalışma, ekmeklik buğday genotiplerinde bazı tarımsal özelliklerin farklı istatistiksel metodlarla incelenmesi amacıyla Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesinde Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezinde 2016-2017 ekim döneminde tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre 3 tekerrürlü olarak yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada, 22 ileri kademe hat ile 2 tescilli çeşit (Ceyhan-99 ve Golia) bitki materyali olarak kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada bitki materyali üzerinde verim özellikleri olarak; bitki boyu, başak uzunluşu, başakta başakçık sayısı, başakta tane sayısı, başakta tane ağırlığı, tane verimi değerleri ile kalite özellikleri olarak ise 1000 tane ağırlığı, hektolitre ağırlığı, gluten oranı ve protein oranı değerleri özellikleri arasındaki ilişkiler varyans analizi, korelasyon, path analizi ve kümeleme gibi farklı istatistiksel metotlar yardımıyla incelenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, 10-1 hattı tane verimi en yüksek genotip olarak bulunmuştur. Korelasyon analizi sonucuna göre tane verimi ile bitki boyu, başak uzunluğu, başakta başakçık sayısı, başakta tane sayısı ve başakta tane ağırlığı arasında olumlu yönde önemli ilişkiler belirlenmiştir. Path analizine göre tane verimine doğrudan etkisi en yüksek olan özellik %66,16 ile başakta başakçık sayısıdır. Kümeleme analizi sonucu 23 küme oluşmuştur. Agronomik özelliklere göre birbirine en yakın hatlar 7-1 ve 7-2, en uzak hatlar ise 1-1 ve 6-1 olarak saptanmıştır. Kalite özelliklerine göre en yakın hatlar 12-2 ve 12-3, en uzak hatlar ise 11 ve 8-1 olarak bulunmuştur. This research was carried out at an experimental field at the Field Crops Department of the Faculty of Agriculture at Bursa Uludag University in a randomized complete block design with three replications during the 2016-2017 growing seasonsin order to investigate some agricultural characteristics of bread wheat genotypes with different statistical methods. In this study, 22 advanced bread wheat lines and 2 registered varieties (Ceyhan-99 and Golia) were used as plant material. In the experiment yield characteristics on plant material; plant height, spike lenght, number of spikelets per spike, number of grains per spike and grain weight per spike, and grain yield and quality characteristics as 1000 grain weight, test weight, gluten and protein ratio, and the relationship between these characteristics was investigated with the help of different statistical methods such as analysis of variance, correlation, path analysis and cluster analysis.As a result, 10-1 line was found to be the highest genotype for the grain yield. As a result of the correlation analysis, there was a significant positive relationship between grain yield and plant height, spike length, number of spikelets per spike, number of grains per spike and grain weight per spike. According to path analysis, the highest effect on grain yield was number of spikelets per spike with 66.16%.Clustering analysis resulted in 23 clusters.According to the agronomical characteristics, the closest lines were 7-1 and 7-2 and the furthest lines were 1-1 and 6-1. According to the quality characteristics, the closest lines were 12-2 and 12-3, the furthest lines were 1-1 and 8-1.

World banana production in 2017 was of 1136.92 million tons, and Brazil was the fourth largest producer in the world with 6.67 million tons. The objective of this work was to study the agronomic performance of five bananas cultivars under edaphoclimatic conditions in the region of Ceres, Goiás (GO). The seedlings used were from in vitro propagation transplanted to plastic bags and placed in a screened coop for a period of 90days. After that, they were transplanted to the field at spacing of 3 m between rows and 2.5 m between plants. The experimental design was randomized blocks with five repetitions. The treatments were five bananas cultivars: BRS Conquista, Grand Naine, Maçã Tropical, PA 94 01, and Prata-Anã. Each plot consisted of four banana families. The evaluated characteristics were: number of fruits per hand, number of fruits per bunch, fruit diameter, fruit length, fruit mass, set mass, number of bunch, hand mass, bunch mass, productivity per cycle and total productivity. The data were submitted to analysis of variance and the means were compared by the Tukey test at 5%. Prata-Anã provided the smallest number of fruits per hand. Grand Naine cultivar was superior to the cultivation in the region due to its productivity. The other obtained similar productive performance among themselves and inferior to Grand Naine. All banana cultivars have production potential for Ceres-GO. A produção mundial de banana em 2017 foi de 113,92 milhões de toneladas, e o Brasil se colocou como quarto maior produtor mundial com 6,67 milhões de toneladas. Este trabalho teve como objetivo estudar o desempenho agronômico de cinco cultivares de banana nas condições edafoclimáticas da região de Ceres-GO. As mudas utilizadas foram oriundas de propagação in vitro transplantadas para sacolas plásticas e acondicionadas em viveiro telado por um período de 90 dias. Depois, foram transplantadas para o campo noespaçamento de 3 m entre linhas e 2,5 m entre plantas. O delineamento usado foi em blocos casualizados com cinco repetições. Os tratamentos foram cinco cultivares de banana: BRS Conquista, Grand Naine, Maçã Tropical, PA 94 01 e Prata-Anã. Cada parcela era constituída por quatro famílias de banana. As características avaliadas foram: número de frutos por penca, número de frutos por cacho, diâmetro de frutos, comprimento de fruto, massa de fruto, massa de engaço, número de pencas, massa de pencas, massa de cacho, produtividade por ciclo e produtividade total. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e asmédias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey a 5%. A cultivar Prata-Anã proporcionou o menor número de frutos por penca. A cultivar Grand Naine foi superior para o cultivo na região em função de sua produtividade. As demais cultivares obtiveram desempenho produtivo similar entre si e inferior a Grand Naine. Todas as cultivares de banana têm potencial de produção para Ceres-GO.

The influence of different amounts of nitrogen (30, 60 and 90 kg ha-1) on important soybean yield components (number of fertile nodes, number of pods per plant and weight of 1.000 grains), was examined in this paper. Experiment was carried out at two different localities (Maize Research Institute Zemun Polje and the village Kloka-lower Jasenica) in 2009. Experiments were carried out through field plot trials, using split-plot in 4 replications. The results show that, on average, for both soil types, number of pods per plant and weight of 1000 grains increased using nitrogen dose of 60 kg ha-1 for 5.2 and 3.8% and the number of fertile nodes to the variant of fertilization with 30 kg ha-1 of nitrogen for 3.8%. The amount of 90 kg ha-1 N gave lower values of the number of pods per plant compared to the control. U radu je ispitivan uticaj različitih količina azota (30; 60 i 90 kg ha-1) na neke značajnije komponente prinosa soje (broj etaža mahuna po biljci, broj mahuna po biljci i masa 1.000 zrna). Istraživanja su obavljena na dva različita lokaliteta, Institut za kukuruz u Zemun Polju i selo Kloka-donja Jasenica u 2009. godini. Eksperimenti su izvedeni putem poljskih mikroogleda, metodom razdvojenih parcela (split-plot) u 3 ponavljanja. Dobijeni rezultati pokazuju da su se, u proseku za oba tipa zemljišta, broj mahuna po biljci i masa 1.000 zrna povećavali upotrebom azota do 60 kg ha-1 za 5,2 odnosno 3,8%, a broj etaža mahuna po biljci do varijante đubrenja sa 30 kg ha-1 za 3,8%. Varijanta đubrenja sa 90 kg ha-1 dala je niže vrednosti broja mahuna po biljci u odnosu na kontrolnu varijantu.

portuguesNa presente pesquisa o objetivo foi de avaliar a producao e a qualidade de sementes de arroz de quatro cultivares em condicoes de estresse salino causado pela agua de irrigacao. O trabalho foi realizado na Faculdade de Agronomia Eliseu Maciel da Universidade Federal de Pelotas, com quatro cultivares de arroz: IRGA 417, Avaxi CL, Inov CL e IAS 12-9 (Formosa). Para o experimento utilizou-se as seguintes concentracoes de salinidade: 0,0 , 12,5, 25 , 37,5 , 50 , 75 e 100mM. Apos completar o ciclo da cultura, avaliaram-se as seguintes caracteristicas agronomicas em cada uma das plantas: numero e peso total das paniculas, porcentagem de sementes cheias, chochas e peso de mil sementes. A qualidade fisiologica das sementes colhidas das plantas mantidas em condicoes de estresse por salinidade foi avaliada pelos testes de germinacao e de primeira contagem. O estresse salino reduz a produtividade e a qualidade de sementes de arroz, com respostas diferenciadas dos cultivares quando submetidos a condicoes de estresse salino. Palavras-chave: Oryza sativa L; estresse salino; qualidade fisiologica; caracteristica agronomica EnglishIn the present study, the objective was to evaluate the production and quality of rice seeds of four cultivars under conditions of saline stress caused by irrigation water. The work was carried out at the EliseuMaciel Agronomy College of the Universidade Federal de Pelotas, with four rice cultivars, IRGA 417, Avaxi CL, Inov CL and IAS 12-9 (Formosa). In the experiment, the following saline concentrations were used: 0; 12.5; 25; 37.5; 50; 75 and 100mM. After completing the crop cycle, the following agronomic characteristics were evaluated in each of the plants: number of panicles, total weight of panicles, percentage of full seeds, percentage of seedlings and weight of a thousand seeds. The physiological quality of the seeds harvested from the plants maintained under conditions of salinity stress was evaluated by germination and first count tests. Saline stress reduced the productivity and physiological quality of rice seeds, with different responses from the four cultivars used. Key words: Oryza sativa L.; saline stress; physiological quality; agronomic characteristic.

Light intensity is one of the most important environmental factors that determine the basic characteristics of rice development. However, continuously cloudy weather or rainfall, especially during the grain-filling stage, induces a significant loss in yield and results in poor grain quality. Stress caused by low light often creates severe meteorological disasters in some rice-growing regions worldwide. This review was based on our previous research and related research regarding the effects of low light on rice growth, yield and quality as well as the formation of grain, and mainly reviewed the physiological metabolism of rice plants, including characteristics of photosynthesis, activities of antioxidant enzymes in rice leaves and key enzymes involved in starch synthesis in grains, as well as the translocations of carbohydrate and nitrogen. These characteristics include various grain yield and rice quality components (milling and appearance as well as cooking, eating and nutritional qualities) under different rates of shading imposed at the vegetative or reproductive stages of rice plants. Furthermore, we discussed why grain yield and quality are reduced under the low light environment. Next, we summarized the need for future research that emphasizes methods can effectively improve rice grain yield and quality under low light stress. These research findings can provide a beneficial reference for rice cultivation management and breeding program in low light environments.

Thai Agricultural Research Journal, 32, 3, 296-307

TEZ8329 Tez (Yüksek Lisans) -- Çukurova Üniversitesi, Adana, 2011. Kaynakça (s. 77-88) var. xiii, 90 s. : rnk. res., çizelge ; 29 cm. Diyarbakır koşullarında; Jubilee, Lumina, Merit, Sakarya ve Vega şeker mısırı çeşitlerinin, 8 farklı zamanda (1 Nisan, 15 Nisan, 1 Mayıs, 15 Mayıs, 1 Haziran, 15 Haziran, 1 Temmuz ve 15 Temmuz) ekildiği bu deneme, tesadüf bloklarında bölünmüş parseller deneme desenine göre 3 tekrarlamalı olarak yürütülmüştür. Denemede ana parselleri ekim zamanları, alt parselleri ise çeşitler oluşturmuştur. Elde edilen tek yıllık sonuçlara göre, ekim zamanları arası farklılıklar; ilk koçan yüksekliği, koçan uzunluğu, tepe püskülü çıkarma süresi, koçan kalınlığı, sap kalınlığı, tane rengi, hasıl verimi, taze koçan verimi-kavuzlu, taze koçan verimikavuzsuz, koçanda tane ağırlığı, taze tane verimi ve koçanda tane sayısı istatistiki olarak önemli çıkmıştır. En yüksek hasıl verimi Lumina çeşidinden 01 Mayıs 2010 tarihli ekimde elde edilmiştir (3054 kg/da). En yüksek taze tane verimi Vega çeşidinden 01 Mayıs 2010 tarihli ekimde elde edilmiştir (1153 kg/da). Diyarbakır koşullarında taze tane üretimi amaçlı şeker mısırı ekimi için en uygun ekim zamanı 15 Nisan-15 Mayıs tarihleri arasındaki günler olup, en uygun çeşidin ise Vega olduğu saptanmıştr. This study was carried out to investigate the effects of different sowing times on fresh ear yield and some agronomic characteristics of different sweet corn cultivare in Diyarbakir in 2010. Five sweet corn cultivares (Jubilee, Lumina, Merit, Sakarya ve Vega) were used as material and the effects of eight different sowing times (1 April, 15 April, 1 May, 15 May, 1 June, 15 June, 1 July and 15 July) were investigated. The experiment was conducted as randomized complete block design with a split-plot design with three replications. Main plot was sowing times, varieties were sub-plots. According to obtained results, sowing time differences, first ear height, ear length, duration of tasseling, ear diameter, stem diameter, kernel color, herbage yield, fresh husked ear yield, fresh dehusked ear yield, kernel weight per ear, fresh kernel yield, and kernel number of ear were statically significant. The highest herbage yield (3054 kg/da) was obtained at Lumina variety and the sowing time with 01 May 2010. The highest fresh grain yield (1153 kg/da) was obtained at Vega variety and the sowing time with 01 May 2010. It was determined that the most suitable sowing time for sweet corn used in the fresh grain production in conditions of Diyarbakır was from 15 April to 15 May and the most suitable cultivare was Vega.